This site is in progress and should not be referenced in research publications.
valdr víga
‘to the controller of combats’ = WARRIOR
to the controller of combats. → WARRIOR
warrior
2.5.3. causer of battle
herðir gunnar
‘the strengthener of battle’ = WARRIOR
the strengthener of battle. → WARRIOR
warrior
2.5.1. increaser / strengthener of battle
gramr egða
‘of the prince of the egðir’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Haraldr
the prince of the Egðir → NORWEGIAN KING = Haraldr
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians
Gerðr gollhrings
‘the Gerðr of the gold ring’ = WOMAN
the Gerðr of the gold ring → WOMAN
[7] þó lætr Gerðr í Gǫrðum: abbrev. as ‘þ. l. ger.’ Mork
[8] gollhrings við mér skolla: om. Mork
female, woman
2.1.1. goddess of jewellery (B2b)
glóð handa
‘embers of the hands’ = GOLD
embers of the hands; → GOLD
gold
2.1.1. fire of the arm/hand (A1)
stólþengill grikklands
‘the emperor of greece’ = Michael Kalaphates
the emperor of Greece → Michael Kalaphates
[2] Grikk‑: grik‑ 39, FskBˣ, Mork, H, Hr
Michael V Kalaphates
1. lord of Greece
eyðir sútar heiðingja
‘the destroyer of the care of the wolf [lit. heath-goer]’ = WARRIOR
The destroyer of the care of the wolf [lit. heath-goer] → WARRIOR
warrior
3.2.2. gladdener of the wolf
eyðir sútar
‘the destroyer of the care’ = GLADDENER
The destroyer of the care → GLADDENER
gladdener
1. destroyer of the sorrow
allvaldr egða
‘the overlord of the egðir’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Haraldr
The overlord of the Egðir → NORWEGIAN KING = Haraldr
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians
stillir Girkja
‘the ruler of the Greeks’ = Michael
the ruler of the Greeks → Michael
[7] Girkja: so 39, F, J2ˣ, Mork
Michael V Kalaphates
2. lord of the Greeks
hjǫrtr vengis
‘the stag of the cabin’ = SHIP
the stag of the cabin → SHIP
ship, boat
1.2.2. wild animal of the ship
Gerðr gollhrings
‘the Gerðr of the gold ring’ = WOMAN
the Gerðr of the gold ring → WOMAN
female, woman
2.1.1. goddess of jewellery (B2b)
Gerðr gollhrings
‘the Gerðr of the gold ring’ = WOMAN
the Gerðr of the gold ring → WOMAN
[7] Gerðr í Gǫrðum: om. Mork
[8] gollhrings: om. Mork
female, woman
2.1.1. goddess of jewellery (B2b)
líð Yggs
‘Yggr’s drink’ = POETRY
Yggr’s drink; → POETRY
[2] Yggs: ‘ygs’ all
poetry
1.1.1. drink of Óðinn
eygarðr
‘ the island-enclosure’ = SEA
the island-enclosure → SEA
sea
1.5. enclosure of the land
Gerðr gollhrings
‘the Gerðr of the gold ring’ = WOMAN
the Gerðr of the gold ring → WOMAN
[7] þó lætr Gerðr í Gǫrðum: abbrev. as ‘þ. l.’ Mork
[8] gollhrings við mér skolla: om. Mork
female, woman
2.1.1. goddess of jewellery (B2b)
svipr sverða
‘a swinging of swords’ = BATTLE
a swinging of swords. → BATTLE
battle
9.3. swinging of swords
Gerðr gollhrings
‘the Gerðr of the gold ring’ = WOMAN
the Gerðr of the gold ring → WOMAN
[7] þó lætr Gerðr í Gǫrðum: abbrev. as ‘þo letr .g. ig.’ Mork
[8] gollhrings við mér skolla: abbrev. as ‘g. við mer s.’ Mork
female, woman
2.1.1. goddess of jewellery (B2b)
spjalli gauta
‘the confidant of the people’ = KING
the confidant of the people → KING
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
1.2. friend of people
hoddstríðir
‘hoard-enemy’ = GENEROUS MAN
Hoard-enemy, → GENEROUS MAN
generous man
1.01. destroyer of wealth
gramr Jóta
‘prince of the Jótar’ = DANISH KING = Magnús
prince of the Jótar, → DANISH KING = Magnús
Magnús I inn góði Óláfsson (r. 1035-47)
4.1. lord of Danish people
dróttinn hǫrða
‘lord of the hǫrðar’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Magnús
lord of the Hǫrðar; → NORWEGIAN KING = Magnús
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians
ótti fengins golls
‘terror of seized gold’ = GENEROUS MAN
Terror of seized gold, → GENEROUS MAN
generous man
5. terror of gold
elgr œðiveðrs
‘elks of the raging gale’ = SHIPS
elks of the raging gale → SHIPS
ship, boat
1.4.3. wild animal of the storm
bági jǫfra
‘subduer of princes’ = RULER
Subduer of princes, → RULER
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
2.6. enemy of princes
þreytir hlenna
‘destroyer of thieves’ = JUST RULER
destroyer of thieves, → JUST RULER
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
4.1. destroyer of evildoers
reið hlunna
‘of the chariot of rollers’ = SHIP
the chariot of rollers → SHIP
ship, boat
4.2. chariot of the ship
dolgr hlenna
‘the foe of thieves’ = JUST RULER
the foe of thieves → JUST RULER
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
4.2. enemy of evildoers
skíð sævar
‘the ski of the ocean’ = SHIP
the ski of the ocean → SHIP
ship, boat
2.1. ski of the sea
hlíð Meita
‘the slopes of Meiti’ = SEA
the slopes of Meiti, → SEA
sea
2.1. land of the sea-king
þengill himna
‘of the skies’ prince’ = God
the skies’ prince → God
God
1.1. lord of heaven
eyðandi Vals geima
‘the clearer of the Valr of the ocean’ = SEA-WARRIOR
the Valr of the ocean, → SHIP
the clearer of the SHIP → SEA-WARRIOR
sea-warrior
1. destroyer of the ship
Valr geima
‘of the Valr of the ocean’ = SHIP
the Valr of the ocean, → SHIP
ship, boat
1.1.1.1. horse of the sea
margr sverðrjóðr
‘many a sword-reddener’ = WARRIOR
Many a sword-reddener → WARRIOR
warrior
1.7.03. stainer of the weapon
einhver eld-Gefn
‘a certain fire-Gefn’ = WOMAN
a certain fire-Gefn → WOMAN
female, woman
13.1. female mythical being of fire (B2b)
líneik
‘the linen-oak’ = WOMAN
the linen-oak, → WOMAN
female, woman
5.3. tree, wood of cloth (B2c)
Gerðr galdrs
‘the Gerðr of incantation’ = WOMAN
the Gerðr of incantation, → WOMAN
female, woman
15. unique
glæstum gjalfrstóð
‘with the splendid surge-steeds’ = SHIPS
with the splendid surge-steeds. → SHIPS
[3] gjalfr‑: ‘gialf‑’ Mork
[3] ‑stóðum: so 39, F, E, Mork, Flat, Hr, R, Tˣ, A
ship, boat
1.1.1.1. horse of the sea
eybaugr
‘of the island-ring’ = SEA
the island-ring → SEA
sea
1.4. ring of the land
Hlǫkk drífu Kraka
‘of the Hlǫkk of Kraki’s snow-drift’ = WOMAN
Kraki’s snow-drift → GOLD
the Hlǫkk of the GOLD → WOMAN
female, woman
1.1.2. valkyrie of riches, wealth (B2b)
drífa Kraka
‘of Kraki’s snow-drift’ = GOLD
Kraki’s snow-drift → GOLD
gold
9.3.3. snow-drift of Hrólfr kraki (A1)
dróttinn fila
‘the lord of the filir’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Haraldr
The lord of the Filir → NORWEGIAN KING = Haraldr
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians
faðir Dóttu
‘Dótta’s father’ = Þorkell geysa
Dótta’s father → Þorkell geysa
[8] Dóttu: dóttur Mork, Flat
Þorkell geysa
1. father of Dótta
hirð Hugins
‘for the retinue of Huginn’ = RAVENS
for the retinue of Huginn → RAVENS
[3] hirð: hríð Mork
raven
2.2. retinue of the raven (B3a)
stígr Rakna
‘Rakni’s paths’ = SEA
Rakni’s paths, → SEA
sea
2.2. path of the sea-king
snerra odda
‘the onslaught of spear-points’ = BATTLE
the onslaught of spear-points. → BATTLE
battle
11.1. assault of weapons
breið borðraukn
‘the broad draught-animals of the ship-board’ = SHIPS
the broad draught-animals of the ship-board → SHIPS
ship, boat
1.2.1.2. other working animal of the ship
slóð Buðla
‘Buðli’s trails’ = SEA
Buðli’s trails. → SEA
sea
2.2. path of the sea-king
gullmunnuð glæsidýr lauks
‘the gold-mouthed splendid beasts of the mast’ = SHIPS
the gold-mouthed splendid beasts of the mast → SHIPS
ship, boat
1.2.2. wild animal of the ship
[Baldr] brynþings
‘[The Baldr] of the byrnie-assembly’ = WARRIOR = Sveinn
the byrnie-assembly → BATTLE
[The Baldr] of the BATTLE → WARRIOR = Sveinn
[2] ‑þings: ‑þing Mork, H, Hr
warrior
2.3.1.5. Baldr of battle
brynþing
‘of the byrnie-assembly’ = BATTLE
the byrnie-assembly → BATTLE
[2] ‑þings: ‑þing Mork, H, Hr
battle
3.2.1. meeting of mail-coats
Baldr] fetilstinga
‘the Baldr] of sword-belt stabbers’ = WARRIOR = Haraldr
sword-belt stabbers, → SWORDS
the Baldr] of SWORDS → WARRIOR = Haraldr
warrior
1.4.1.02. Baldr of the weapon
fetilstingr
‘of sword-belt stabbers’ = SWORDS
sword-belt stabbers, → SWORDS
sword
10.1. tool of the sword
linns láðbrjótr
‘snake’s land-breaker’ = GENEROUS MAN = Sveinn
the land of the snake → GOLD
the breaker of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN = Sveinn
generous man
1.02.1. breaker of gold
linns láð
‘of the land of the snake’ = GOLD
the land of the snake → GOLD
gold
3.1.1. land of the serpent (A3)
sjá inn nørðri Njǫrðr glymhríðar borða
‘that, the more northerly, Njǫrðr of the clashing storm of shields’ = WARRIOR = Haraldr
the clashing storm of shields → BATTLE
That, the more northerly, Njǫrðr of the BATTLE → WARRIOR = Haraldr
[5] Sjá mun (‘sia man’): þó er sjá Mork, Flat
warrior
2.3.1.2. Njǫrðr of battle
glymhríð borða
‘of the clashing storm of shields’ = BATTLE
the clashing storm of shields → BATTLE
battle
1.2.1.2. shower of shields
folk-Rǫgnir
‘that battle-Rǫgnir’ = WARRIOR
That battle-Rǫgnir → WARRIOR
warrior
2.3.1.1. Óðinn of battle
byrskíð
‘the skis of fair wind’ = SHIPS
the skis of fair wind → SHIPS
ship, boat
2.4. ski of fair wind
Valr byrjar
‘the Valr of fair wind’ = SHIP
the Valr of fair wind, → SHIP
ship, boat
1.4.1. horse of fair wind
vegr flausta
‘the path of ships’ = SEA
the path of ships, → SEA
sea
4.2. path of the ship
þengill þrœnda
‘of the lord of the þrœndir’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Haraldr
the lord of the Þrœndir → NORWEGIAN KING = Haraldr
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians
dróttinn seggja
‘the lord of men’ = KING = Sveinn
the lord of men → KING = Sveinn
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
1.1. lord of people
hneykir Holmbúa
‘the confounder of the Island-dwellers’ = Haraldr
The confounder of the Island-dwellers → Haraldr
[1] hneykir: hnekkir twice Mork
Haraldr III harðráði Sigurðarson (r. 1046-66)
2. defeater of foreign people
hár hrótgarmr
‘the towering roof-hound’ = FIRE
the towering roof-hound → FIRE
[8] hrót‑: hrot‑ Kˣ, FskBˣ, J2ˣ, FskAˣ, Mork, Flat, H
fire, flame
2.1. dog of wood
hleypikjóll hæls
‘the speeding ships of the heel’ = SHOES
the speeding ships of the heel → SHOES
shoe
1. ship of the foot
hjaldr-vitjuðr
‘of the battle-frequenter’ = WARRIOR
the battle-frequenter → WARRIOR
warrior
dýrum dolgstœrandi
‘the excellent war-sweller’ = WARRIOR
the excellent war-sweller. → WARRIOR
warrior
2.5.1. increaser / strengthener of battle
feitir folkstara
‘to the fattener of the war-starling’ = WARRIOR
the war-starling; → RAVEN
to the fattener of the RAVEN → WARRIOR
warrior
3.1.01. feeder of the bird of battlefield
folkstari
‘of the war-starling’ = RAVEN
the war-starling; → RAVEN
raven/eagle
1.1. bird of battle (A2)
hristir hertoga
‘the shaker of war-leaders’ = RULER
the shaker of war-leaders → RULER
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
galli Hôolfs
‘of the destruction of Hálfr’ = FIRE
the destruction of Hálfr → FIRE
fire, flame
5. harm of Hálfr
hugstrangr dróttinn hersa
‘the strong-minded lord of hersar’ = KING = Haraldr
The strong-minded lord of hersar → KING = Haraldr
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians
reiðr atseti Hleiðrar
‘the furious resident of Lejre’ = DANISH KING = Sveinn
the furious resident of Lejre → DANISH KING = Sveinn
Danish king, ruler, jarl
1.2. ruler of Denmark
þrimr hundruðum marr sunda
‘with three hundred steeds of the sea’ = SHIPS
with three hundred steeds of the sea. → SHIPS
ship, boat
1.1.1.1. horse of the sea
láð þangs
‘the kelp’s land’ = SEA
the kelp’s land → SEA
sea
5.1. land of the sea
hákesja
‘oarport-spears’ = OARS
oarport-spears → OARS
oar
1.1. spear of the ship
gjald Finna
‘the tribute of the Saami’ = ARROWS
the tribute of the Saami → ARROWS
arrow
4.2. payment of the Saami
viðr ǫrmóts
‘the trees of the arrow-meeting’ = WARRIORS
the arrow-meeting → BATTLE
the trees of the BATTLE → WARRIORS
warrior
2.1. tree of battle
ǫrmót
‘of the arrow-meeting’ = BATTLE
the arrow-meeting → BATTLE
battle
3.1.4. meeting of arrows
hraustum fœðir døkks hrafns
‘the bold feeder of the dark raven’ = WARRIOR = Sveinn
the bold feeder of the dark raven → WARRIOR = Sveinn
[1] sús hraustum (‘su er raustum’): ‘með .h.’ Mork
warrior
3.1.01. feeder of the bird of battlefield
konungr Jóta
‘of the king of the Jótar’ = DANISH KING = Sveinn
the king of the Jótar → DANISH KING = Sveinn
Danish king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Danes
snjǫllum skerðir hrings
‘for the valiant damager of the ring’ = GENEROUS MAN
for the valiant damager of the ring → GENEROUS MAN
generous man
1.01.2. destroyer of rings
gegnan gramr Sogns
‘the upright lord of Sogn’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Haraldr
the upright lord of Sogn → NORWEGIAN KING = Haraldr
[1] gegnan: gengin Mork, Hr
[1] Sogns: ‘Sꜹngs’ Mork, Flat, H, Hr
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.2. ruler of Norway
hjalmárr
‘helmet-envoys’ = WARRIORS
helmet-envoys → WARRIORS
warrior
1.8.4. messenger of armour
geirjalmr
‘spear-clangour’ = BATTLE
spear-clangour, → BATTLE
battle
2.1.2. din of spears
hoddglǫtuðr
‘the hoard-destroyer’ = GENEROUS RULER
the hoard-destroyer, → GENEROUS RULER
generous man
1.01. destroyer of wealth
fljótmælts vinr Jóta
‘of the swift-spoken friend of the Jótar’ = DANISH KING = Sveinn
the swift-spoken friend of the Jótar → DANISH KING = Sveinn
Danish king, ruler, jarl
3. friend of the Danes
fylkir hǫrða
‘the ruler of the hǫrðar’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Haraldr
The ruler of the Hǫrðar → NORWEGIAN KING = Haraldr
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians
Þórr stórra smiðbelgja
‘The Þórr of huge forge-bellows’ = SMITH
The Þórr of huge forge-bellows → SMITH
smith
1. man of the forging tool
hvaptelding
‘jaw-lightnings’ = INSULTS
jaw-lightnings → INSULTS
[3] hvapt‑: hvatt Mork, H, Hr
insult
. lightning of the mouth
þorp þrætu
‘quarrel hamlet’ = MOUTH
quarrel hamlet → MOUTH
mouth
1.1. place of speech (A3)
hǫldnum jǫtunn kjǫts hafra
‘the proud giant of goats’ flesh’ = TANNER
the proud giant of goats’ flesh. → TANNER
tanner
glaðr Geirrøðr hrøkkviskafls húða
‘the cheerful Geirrøðr of the curving scraper of hides’ = TANNER
The cheerful Geirrøðr of the curving scraper of hides → TANNER
tanner
hljóðgreip
‘with his sound-grabbers’ = EARS
with his sound-grabbers → EARS
ears
1. grips of hearing (A1a)
þeiri sía smiðju galdra
‘that molten substance of the smithy of spells’ = INSULTS
the smithy of spells, → MOUTH
that molten substance of the MOUTH → INSULTS
[8] síu: ‘siǫ’ Mork
insult
. spark of the mouth
smiðja galdra
‘of the smithy of spells’ = MOUTH
the smithy of spells, → MOUTH
mouth
1.1. place of speech (A3)
Sigurðr sleggju
‘The Sigurðr of the sledge-hammer’ = SMITH
The Sigurðr of the sledge-hammer → SMITH
smith
1. man of the forging tool
snákr váligrar brákar
‘the snake of the dangerous tanning tool’ = TANNER
the snake of the dangerous tanning tool, → TANNER
tanner
skafdreki skinna
‘the scraping-dragon of skins’ = TANNER
the scraping-dragon of skins → TANNER
[3] skaf‑: skaf‑ or skap‑ Mork
tanner
heiðr leista
‘the heath of feet’ = FLOOR
the heath of feet. → FLOOR
floor, ground
1. land of feet
kilja ilvegs
‘in the covering of the sole-path’ = SHOE
the sole-path, → FOOT
in the covering of the FOOT → SHOE
shoe
2. covering of the foot
ilvegr
‘of the sole-path’ = FOOT
the sole-path, → FOOT
foot
2. path of the sole (A3)
neflangr konungr tangar
‘the long-nosed king of tongs’ = SMITH
the long-nosed king of tongs → SMITH
smith
1. man of the forging tool
naðr nautaleðrs
‘the serpent of ox-leather’ = TANNER
the serpent of ox-leather. → TANNER
tanner
frændi kyns Frísa
‘the kinsman of the Frisians’ clan’ = Túta
The kinsman of the Frisians’ clan → Túta
Túta the dwarf (Snegl)
. relative of the Frisians
skerðir rúghleifa
‘of the cleaver of rye-loaves’ = MAN
the cleaver of rye-loaves. → MAN
male, man
. invective/derogatory
Njǫrðr bauglands
‘the Njǫrðr of the shield-boss land’ = WARRIOR
the shield-boss land → SHIELD
the Njǫrðr of the SHIELD → WARRIOR
warrior
1.4.1.03. Njǫrðr of the weapon
baugland
‘of the shield-boss land’ = SHIELD
the shield-boss land → SHIELD
shield
5.1.1.1. land of the shield
móða spjóta
‘the river of spears’ = BLOOD
the river of spears; → BLOOD
[2] spjóta: spjótum Mork, H, Hr
blood
1.2. liquid of the weapon (A2)
mýgir Vinða
‘oppressor of the Wends’ = Haraldr
Oppressor of the Wends, → Haraldr
Haraldr III harðráði Sigurðarson (r. 1046-66)
2. defeater of foreign people
hrein hǫrbrekka
‘pure flax-slope’ = WOMAN
pure flax-slope, → WOMAN
[6] hrein: hreins Kˣ, papp18ˣ, 39, F, J2ˣ, Hr, Mork, Flat
[5] hǫrbrekka (‘hꜹrbrechan’): herbrekkan H, Mork, Flat
female, woman
5.4. land, landscape of cloth (B2c)
brúðr jóða Aurnis
‘the bride of Aurnir’s brood’ = GIANTESS
Aurnir’s brood → GIANTS
the bride of GIANTS → GIANTESS
giantess, troll-woman
1.1. consort of the giant (B3a)
jóð Aurnis
‘of Aurnir’s brood’ = GIANTS
Aurnir’s brood → GIANTS
giant
3.1. relative of the giant
valþiðurr
‘the carnage-grouse’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
The carnage-grouse → RAVEN/EAGLE
raven/eagle
1.3. bird of the corpse (A2)
fákr fíks trolls
‘for the steeds of the greedy troll’ = WOLVES
for the steeds of the greedy troll; → WOLVES
wolf
1.1. horse of the giantess, troll-woman (A3)
framr dróttinn fila
‘the outstanding lord of the filir’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr
The outstanding lord of the Filir → NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians
regn benja
‘rain-showers of wounds’ = BLOOD
Rain-showers of wounds → BLOOD
blood
1.1. liquid of wounds (A2)
gjǫfvinr vildra sygna
‘the gift-friend of prized sygnir’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Haraldr
The gift-friend of prized Sygnir → NORWEGIAN KING = Haraldr
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
3. friend of the Norwegians
strǫngu él stáls
‘the stern blizzard of steel’ = BATTLE
the stern blizzard of steel, → BATTLE
battle
1.2.1. shower of weapons
stríðir ormalátrs
‘the foe of the reptiles’ lair’ = GENEROUS MAN = Haraldr
the reptiles’ lair → GOLD
the foe of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN = Haraldr
generous man
1.01.1. destroyer of gold
ormalátr
‘of the reptiles’ lair’ = GOLD
the reptiles’ lair → GOLD
gold
3.1.2. lair of the serpent (A3)
lituðr hramma aldins, ótams viggs Varðrúnar
‘the stainer of the claws of the old, untamed steed of Varðrún’ = WARRIOR
the old, untamed steed of Varðrún → WOLF
the stainer of the claws of the WOLF → WARRIOR
[7] viggs: ‘vigs’ all
warrior
3.2.3. stainer of the wolf
aldins, ótams viggr Varðrúnar
‘of the old, untamed steed of Varðrún’ = WOLF
the old, untamed steed of Varðrún → WOLF
[7] viggs: ‘vigs’ all
wolf
1.1. horse of the giantess, troll-woman (A3)
glygg vápna
‘the wind-storm of weapons’ = BATTLE
the wind-storm of weapons. → BATTLE
battle
1.1.1. storm/wind of the weapon
hefnandi snarráðs Haralds
‘the avengers of swift-counselled Haraldr’ = Magnús and Óláfr
the avengers of swift-counselled Haraldr → Magnús and Óláfr
[6] snarráðs: snjallráð Mork
Magnús II Haraldsson and Óláfr III kyrri Haraldsson
1. avengers of Haraldr harðráði
haldorð Hildr valteigs
‘the faithful Hildr of the falcon-field’ = WOMAN
the falcon-field → ARM
the faithful Hildr of the ARM → WOMAN
female, woman
12.1. female mythical being of arm/hand (B2b)
valteigr
‘of the falcon-field’ = ARM
the falcon-field → ARM
arm, hand
1.1.1. land of the bird of prey (A3)
menskorð
‘the necklace-pole’ = WOMAN
The necklace-pole → WOMAN
female, woman
2.2. tree, wood of jewellery (B2c)
hjalmstallr
‘helmet-support’ = HEAD
helmet-support → HEAD
head
2.2. rest or support of headgear (A1b and A3)
gnýr malma
‘the clamour of swords’ = BATTLE
the clamour of swords → BATTLE
battle
2.1. din of weapons
íss Hlakkar
‘Hlǫkk’s ice’ = SWORD
Hlǫkk’s ice → SWORD
sword
3.2. ice of the valkyrie
breiðan borðvegr
‘the broad gunwale-road’ = SEA
the broad gunwale-road; → SEA
sea
4.2. path of the ship
varðandi regns geira
‘the warden of spears’ rain’ = WARRIOR
spears’ rain, → BATTLE
The warden of the BATTLE → WARRIOR
warrior
2.5.7. guardian of battle
regn geira
‘of spears’ rain’ = BATTLE
spears’ rain, → BATTLE
battle
1.2.1.3. shower of spears
erkistóll éls
‘the archiepiscopal seat of the storm’ = HEAVEN
the archiepiscopal seat of the storm. → HEAVEN
sky/heaven
8.2. abode of the storm
hjalmþrima
‘the helmet-din’ = BATTLE
the helmet-din, → BATTLE
battle
2.2.1. din of the helmet
þengill hersa
‘the lord of hersar’ = RULER
the lord of hersar, → RULER
[5] þengils: þarfar Mork, Flat, H, Hr
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
2.2. lord of princes
ins barra hneitir dǫglinga
‘of the zealous subduer of princes’ = RULER
the zealous subduer of princes → RULER
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
2.5. destroyer of princes
sœfir hlenna
‘the slayer of robbers’ = JUST RULER
the slayer of robbers. → JUST RULER
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
4.1. destroyer of evildoers
harðr hrafngrennir
‘the harsh raven-feeder’ = WARRIOR
the harsh raven-feeder → WARRIOR
warrior
3.1.01. feeder of the bird of battlefield
ótvínn þrýstir Engla
‘The unwavering oppressor of the English’ = Óláfr
The unwavering oppressor of the English, → Óláfr
[2] ótvínn: ‘otvín’ Mork
Óláfr III kyrri Haraldsson (r. 1067-93)
1. defeater of the English
sjórkonungr rauma
‘the sea-king of the raumar’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr
the sea-king of the Raumar, → NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians
hringlestir
‘the ring-damager’ = GENEROUS RULER
the ring-damager → GENEROUS RULER
generous man
1.01.2. destroyer of rings
dróttinn egða
‘of the lord of the egðir’ = NORWEGIAN KING = S. Óláfr
the lord of the Egðir → NORWEGIAN KING = S. Óláfr
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians
grund rauma
‘the land of the raumar’ = Norway
the land of the Raumar → Norway
Norway
1.2. land of Norwegian people
arfi Ulfs
‘Úlfr’s heir’ = Sveinn
Úlfr’s heir → Sveinn
Sveinn Úlfsson (r. 1047-1076)
1.2. heir of Úlfr Þorgilsson
dróttinn egða
‘of the lord of the egðir’ = NORWEGIAN KING = S. Óláfr
the lord of the Egðir → NORWEGIAN KING = S. Óláfr
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians
grund rauma
‘the land of the raumar’ = Norway
the land of the Raumar → Norway
Norway
1.2. land of Norwegian people
sóknǫrr stillir egða
‘the battle-generous ruler of the egðir’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr
The battle-generous ruler of the Egðir → NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr
[1] Egða: Engla Mork, H, Hr
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians
dróttinn fila
‘of the lord of the filir’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr
the lord of the Filir → NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians
sverða sǫngherðandi
‘swords’ song-strengtheners’ = WARRIORS
swords’ song. → BATTLE
for the strengtheners of the BATTLE → WARRIORS
[7] sǫngherðǫndum: sóknherðir veit Mork, H
warrior
2.5.1. increaser / strengthener of battle
sverða sǫngr
‘of swords’ song’ = BATTLE
swords’ song. → BATTLE
[7] sǫngherðǫndum: sóknherðir veit Mork, H
battle
6.02.1. song/chant of weapons
dynr úrigs malms
‘the din of wet metal’ = BATTLE
the din of wet metal → BATTLE
battle
2.1. din of weapons
hár hranngarðr
‘the high wave-enclosure’ = SEA
the high wave-enclosure → SEA
sea
5.4. dwelling of the sea
túnvǫllr reyðar
‘on the farm-yard of the whale’ = SEA
on the farm-yard of the whale. → SEA
sea
3.1. land of the aquatic animal
eggdjarfr þengill þrœnda
‘the blade-daring lord of the þrœndir’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr
The blade-daring lord of the Þrœndir → NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr
[1] þengill Þrœnda: Þrœnda þengill Mork
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians
þrályndr œgir Engla
‘the obstinate-minded intimidator of the English’ = Óláfr
the obstinate-minded intimidator of the English → Óláfr
Óláfr III kyrri Haraldsson (r. 1067-93)
1. defeater of the English
verðgjafi hrafns
‘the meal-giver of the raven’ = WARRIOR
the meal-giver of the raven; → WARRIOR
warrior
3.1.01. feeder of the bird of battlefield
ǫrr áttstuðill jǫfra
‘the generous lineage-pillar of princes’ = KING = Óláfr
The generous lineage-pillar of princes → KING = Óláfr
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
nenninn konungr Nóregs
‘The enterprising king of Norway’ = Óláfr
The enterprising king of Norway → Óláfr
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.2. ruler of Norway
þverrir Engla
‘the diminisher of the English’ = Óláfr
the diminisher of the English → Óláfr
Óláfr III kyrri Haraldsson (r. 1067-93)
1. defeater of the English
þungar gerð Hôars
‘the heavy garments of Hárr’ = BYRNIES
the heavy garments of Hárr; → BYRNIES
mail-coat
1.3. garment of Óðinn
mildi konr hildinga
‘the generous kinsman of lords’ = KING
the generous kinsman of lords, → KING
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
2.1. descendant of a ruler
brynnir morðvals
‘the thirst-quencher of the strife-falcon’ = WARRIOR
the strife-falcon. → RAVEN/EAGLE
the thirst-quencher of the RAVEN/EAGLE → WARRIOR
warrior
3.1.06. waterer of the raven/eagle
morðvalr
‘of the strife-falcon’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
the strife-falcon. → RAVEN/EAGLE
raven/eagle
1.1. bird of battle (A2)
Sól dags unnar
‘Sól of the wave’s daylight’ = WOMAN
the wave’s daylight, → GOLD
Sól of the GOLD → WOMAN
female, woman
1.1.1. goddess of riches, wealth (B2b)
dagr unnar
‘of the wave’s daylight’ = GOLD
the wave’s daylight, → GOLD
gold
1.4. daylight of waters (A1)
eyðir hjaldrbliks
‘the destroyer of the battle-shimmer’ = WARRIOR
the battle-shimmer → SWORD
the destroyer of the SWORD → WARRIOR
warrior
1.7.02. destroyer of the weapon
hjaldrblik
‘of the battle-shimmer’ = SWORD
the battle-shimmer → SWORD
sword
1.2.1. light of battle
alandi faxa Imðar
‘the nourishers of Imð’s steed’ = WARRIORS
Imð’s steed → WOLF
the nourishers of the WOLF → WARRIORS
warrior
3.2.1. feeder of the wolf
faxi Imðar
‘of Imð’s steed’ = WOLF
Imð’s steed → WOLF
wolf
1.1. horse of the giantess, troll-woman (A3)
viðr Báleygs
‘Báleygr’s trees’ = WARRIORS
Báleygr’s trees → WARRIORS
warrior
14. tree of Óðinn
linns láðgefandi
‘land-dispensers of the snake’ = GENEROUS MEN
the snake’s land → GOLD
Dispensers of the GOLD → GENEROUS MEN
generous man
2.2.1. giver of gold
linnr láð
‘of the snake’s land’ = GOLD
the snake’s land → GOLD
gold
3.1.1. land of the serpent (A3)
láðgǫfguðum dróttinn haða
‘the land-endowed lord of the haðar’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Magnús
the land-endowed lord of the Haðar. → NORWEGIAN KING = Magnús
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians
lundr hjǫrs
‘the tree of the sword’ = WARRIOR = Þórir
The tree of the sword → WARRIOR = Þórir
warrior
1.1.1. tree of the sword
bǫl vandar
‘the destruction of the stick’ = FIRE
the destruction of the stick → FIRE
fire, flame
1.1. harm of wood
hugprúðr nistir varga
‘the staunch-hearted feeder of wolves’ = WARRIOR
The staunch-hearted feeder of wolves → WARRIOR
warrior
3.2.1. feeder of the wolf
dróttinn Vǫrsa
‘the lord of the Vǫrsar’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Magnús
The lord of the Vǫrsar → NORWEGIAN KING = Magnús
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians
ræsir hǫrða
‘the ruler of the hǫrðar’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Magnús
the ruler of the Hǫrðar → NORWEGIAN KING = Magnús
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians
buðlungr þrœnda
‘the lord of the þrœndir’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Magnús
the lord of the Þrœndir → NORWEGIAN KING = Magnús
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians
hel kastar
‘the death of the wood pile’ = FIRE
the death of the wood pile → FIRE
[6] hel fasta: hræfasti Mork, F
[6] kastar: so E, J2ˣ, H, Hr, Mork, F
fire, flame
1.6. death of wood
snarr harri sygna
‘the swift lord of the sygnir’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Magnús
The swift lord of the Sygnir → NORWEGIAN KING = Magnús
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians
gǫrvir gunnar
‘of the wager of battle’ = WARRIOR
the wager of battle → WARRIOR
warrior
2.5.2. wager of battle
hati vengis vallbaugs
‘the hater of the meadow of the field-ring’ = GENEROUS MAN
the field-ring → SNAKE
the meadow of the SNAKE → GOLD
The hater of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN
generous man
1.06. hater of wealth
vengi vallbaugs
‘of the meadow of the field-ring’ = GOLD
the field-ring → SNAKE
the meadow of the SNAKE → GOLD
gold
3.1.1. land of the serpent (A3)
vallbaugr
‘of the field-ring’ = SNAKE
the field-ring → SNAKE
serpent, snake
2.1. round or curved object of the land (A1b)
mǫgr Óláfs
‘Óláfr’s son’ = Magnús
Óláfr’s son → Magnús
Magnús III berfœttr Óláfsson (r. 1093-1103)
1.2. son of Óláfr kyrri Haraldsson
hungrþverrir gagl hríðar
‘the hunger-diminisher of the gosling of battle’ = WARRIOR
the gosling of battle → RAVEN/EAGLE
The hunger-diminisher of the RAVEN/EAGLE → WARRIOR
warrior
3.1.01. feeder of the bird of battlefield
gagl hríðar
‘of the gosling of battle’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
the gosling of battle → RAVEN/EAGLE
raven/eagle
1.1. bird of battle (A2)
hungrþverrir
‘the hunger-diminisher’ = FEEDER
The hunger-diminisher → FEEDER
feeder, nourisher
3. diminisher of hunger
snjallr sigrgœðir
‘the courageous victory-increaser’ = WARRIOR
the courageous victory-increaser → WARRIOR
warrior
5.2. increaser / strengthener of victory
róggeisli
‘the battle-beam’ = SWORD
the battle-beam. → SWORD
sword
1.2.1. light of battle
dróttinn grenlands
‘the lord of grenland’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Magnús
The lord of Grenland → NORWEGIAN KING = Magnús
[5] Gren‑: so 39, J2ˣ, 42ˣ, Mork, F, H, Hr
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.2. ruler of Norway
støkkvir Skota
‘the banisher of the Scots’ = Magnús
the banisher of the Scots → Magnús
[6] støkkvir: so 39, Mork, F, H
[6] Skota: so E, J2ˣ, 42ˣ, Mork, F, H, Hr
Magnús III berfœttr Óláfsson (r. 1093-1103)
2.2. defeater of Scots
œgir jǫfra
‘the terrifier of princes’ = RULER = Magnús
The terrifier of princes → RULER = Magnús
[3] œgir: œgi Mork
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
2.5. destroyer of princes
gramr Ívistar
‘the lord of North Uist’ = Lǫgmaðr
the lord of North Uist → Lǫgmaðr
[4] gram: gramr Mork
Lǫgmaðr Guðrøðarson
2. lord of North Uist
arfi guðrøðar
‘guðrøðr’s heir’ = Lǫgmaðr
Guðrøðr’s heir → Lǫgmaðr
Lǫgmaðr Guðrøðarson
1. heir of Guðrøðr crovan
lofðungr þrœnda
‘the ruler of the þrœndir’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Magnús
the ruler of the Þrœndir → NORWEGIAN KING = Magnús
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians
nýtr ungr gramr egða
‘the bountiful young lord of the egðir’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Magnús
The bountiful young lord of the Egðir → NORWEGIAN KING = Magnús
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians
tǫpuðr naðrbings
‘the destroyer of the snake-lair’ = GENEROUS MAN
the snake-lair → GOLD
the destroyer of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN
[6] tǫpuð: so 39, E, J2ˣ, 42ˣ, Mork, H, Hr
[6] naðrbings: naðrs bing E, J2ˣ, 42ˣ, Mork, F, H, Hr
generous man
1.09. killer of wealth
naðrbingr
‘of the snake-lair’ = GOLD
the snake-lair → GOLD
[6] naðrbings: naðrs bing E, J2ˣ, 42ˣ, Mork, F, H, Hr
gold
3.1.2. lair of the serpent (A3)
tunga véttrima
‘tongues of hilts’ = SWORDS
tongues of hilts → SWORDS
sword blade
1.1. tongue of the sword
allvaldr egða
‘the mighty ruler of the egðir’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Magnús
the mighty ruler of the Egðir → NORWEGIAN KING = Magnús
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians
hagl strengs
‘the hail of the bow-string’ = ARROWS
The hail of the bow-string → ARROWS
[5] Strengs: ‘stengs’ Mork
arrow
1.1. shower of the bow
gramr hǫrða
‘the lord of the hǫrðar’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Magnús
the lord of the Hǫrðar → NORWEGIAN KING = Magnús
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians
lundr Laufa
‘the tree of Laufi’ = WARRIOR
The tree of Laufi → WARRIOR
warrior
1.1.1. tree of the sword
fellir Jóta
‘the slayer of the Jótar’ = Magnús
The slayer of the Jótar → Magnús
Magnús III berfœttr Óláfsson (r. 1093-1103)
2.1. defeater of Danish people
folkvǫrðr
‘the people’s guardian’ = RULER
The people’s guardian → RULER
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
1.3. guardian of people
Viðurs veðrsmiðr
‘Viðurr’s wind-smith’ = WARRIOR
Viðurr’s wind, → BATTLE
the smith of the BATTLE → WARRIOR
warrior
. smith of battle
Viðurs veðr
‘of Viðurr’s wind’ = BATTLE
Viðurr’s wind, → BATTLE
battle
1.1.4. storm/wind of Óðinn
frændi Haralds
‘Haraldr’s kinsman’ = Magnús
Haraldr’s kinsman → Magnús
Magnús III berfœttr Óláfsson (r. 1093-1103)
1.3. kinsman of Haraldr harðráði Sigurðarson
margan baugvangr
‘many a ring-meadow’ = SHIELD
many a ring-meadow → SHIELD
shield
5.1.1.1. land of the shield
bǫðkennir
‘the battle-teacher’ = WARRIOR
The battle-teacher → WARRIOR
warrior
2.5.6. master of battle
steinóðr galli storðar
‘the raging destruction of the sapling’ = STORM
the raging destruction of the sapling → STORM
storm, wind
1.1. destruction of the tree
skelfir dana
‘the terrifier of the danes’ = Magnús
the terrifier of the Danes → Magnús
Magnús III berfœttr Óláfsson (r. 1093-1103)
2.1. defeater of Danish people
hverri glymbrúðr hafs
‘every roaring-bride of the ocean’ = WAVE
every roaring-bride of the ocean. → WAVE
wave
3.2. woman of the sea
valfasti djúps
‘the corpse-flame of the deep’ = GOLD
The corpse-flame of the deep → GOLD
gold
1.1.1. fire of the sea (A1)
valfasti
‘the corpse-flame’ = SWORD
The corpse-flame → SWORD
sword
1.1.08. fire of the corpse
eisa himins
‘the cinder of heaven’ = SUN
the cinder of heaven → SUN
sun
1.1.1. fire of sky/heaven
breiðhúfuðum hestr hvaljarðar
‘the broad-hulled horse of the whale-land’ = SHIP
the whale-land. → SEA
the broad-hulled horse of the SEA → SHIP
[6] ‑húfuðum: ‑húfuðu Mork
ship, boat
1.1.1.1. horse of the sea
hvaljǫrð
‘of the whale-land’ = SEA
the whale-land. → SEA
sea
3.1. land of the aquatic animal
herðir hjalmþrimu
‘of the strengthener of the helmet-crash’ = WARRIOR
the helmet-crash → BATTLE
the strengthener of the BATTLE → WARRIOR
warrior
2.5.1. increaser / strengthener of battle
hjalmþrima
‘of the helmet-crash’ = BATTLE
the helmet-crash → BATTLE
battle
2.2.1. din of the helmet
gramr Upplanda
‘the ruler of Opplandene’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Magnús
The ruler of Opplandene → NORWEGIAN KING = Magnús
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.2. ruler of Norway
dróttinn Svía
‘the lord of the Svíar’ = SWEDISH RULER = Ingi
the lord of the Svíar → SWEDISH RULER = Ingi
Swedish king, ruler
. ruler of the Swedes
liðskelfir
‘the troop-terrifier’ = WARRIOR
The troop-terrifier → WARRIOR
warrior
4.3.3. trembler of the army
folkhvǫtuðr
‘the fight-inciter’ = WARRIOR
The fight-inciter → WARRIOR
warrior
2.5.1.1. hastener of battle
faðir Sigurðar
‘of Sigurðr’s father’ = Magnús
Sigurðr’s father → Magnús
Magnús III berfœttr Óláfsson (r. 1093-1103)
1.4. father of Sigurðr jórsalafari
frœknum faðir Eysteins
‘the bold father of Eysteinn’ = Magnús
the bold father of Eysteinn → Magnús
Magnús III berfœttr Óláfsson (r. 1093-1103)
1.1. father of Eysteinn Magnússon
drífa Atals
‘Atall’s snow-storm’ = BATTLE
Atall’s snow-storm → BATTLE
battle
1.2.5. shower of a legendary person
frændi Haralds
‘Haraldr’s kinsman’ = Magnús
Haraldr’s kinsman, → Magnús
Magnús III berfœttr Óláfsson (r. 1093-1103)
1.3. kinsman of Haraldr harðráði Sigurðarson
már sveita
‘the seagull of gore’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
the seagull of gore → RAVEN/EAGLE
raven/eagle
1.2. bird of blood (A2)
hurð Hǫgna
‘the doors of Hǫgni’ = SHIELDS
the doors of Hǫgni. → SHIELDS
shield
4.1. door of the legendary hero
jǫrp arm-Hlín
‘the brown-haired Hlín of the arm’ = WOMAN
The brown-haired Hlín of the arm → WOMAN
[2] arm‑: orm‑ Mork, H, Hr
[2] ‑Hlín*: ‑linns Mork, F, E, J2ˣ, 42ˣ
female, woman
12.1. female mythical being of arm/hand (B2b)
Gerðr gollhrings
‘of the Gerðr of the gold ring’ = WOMAN
the Gerðr of the gold ring → WOMAN
female, woman
2.1.1. goddess of jewellery (B2b)
þofta goðvefjar
‘the thwart of precious cloth’ = WOMAN
the thwart of precious cloth, → WOMAN
female, woman
5.3. tree, wood of cloth (B2c)
læ klungrs
‘the destroyer of bramble’ = WIND
the destroyer of bramble → WIND
storm, wind
1.1. destruction of the tree
inn ljóti landgarðr
‘the hideous land-enclosure’ = SEA
the hideous land-enclosure → SEA
sea
1.5. enclosure of the land
faðir Eysteins
‘Eysteinn’s father’ = Magnús
Eysteinn’s father → Magnús
Magnús III berfœttr Óláfsson (r. 1093-1103)
1.1. father of Eysteinn Magnússon
malmsœkir
‘the weapon-attacker’ = WARRIOR
the weapon-attacker → WARRIOR
warrior
1.7.02.1. attacker of the weapon
snjallr jǫfurr þrœnda
‘the courageous prince of the þrœndir’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Sigurðr
The courageous prince of the Þrœndir → NORWEGIAN KING = Sigurðr
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians
mót Fjǫlnis hróts
‘the meeting of Fjǫlnir’s roof’ = BATTLE
Fjǫlnir’s roof → SHIELD
the meeting of the SHIELD → BATTLE
battle
3.1.3. meeting of shields
Fjǫlnis hrót
‘of Fjǫlnir’s roof’ = SHIELD
Fjǫlnir’s roof → SHIELD
shield
11.1. roof of Óðinn
vinr drengja
‘the friend of the warriors’ = Sigurðr
the friend of the warriors, → Sigurðr
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
1.2. friend of people
sløngvir Vánar dags
‘the slinger of Ván’s daylight’ = GENEROUS MAN
Ván’s daylight → GOLD
the slinger of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN
generous man
2.3.1. flinger of gold
Vánar dagr
‘of Ván’s daylight’ = GOLD
Ván’s daylight → GOLD
gold
1.4. daylight of waters (A1)
folkþeysandi
‘battle-advancer’ = WARRIOR
Battle-advancer, → WARRIOR
warrior
2.5.1.1. hastener of battle
náskári
‘the corpse-gull’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
the corpse-gull → RAVEN/EAGLE
raven/eagle
1.3. bird of the corpse (A2)
aftígr lífs
‘deprivation of life’ = DEATH
deprivation of life → DEATH
death
1. loss of life
bǫðstyrkir
‘battle-strengthener’ = WARRIOR
Battle-strengthener, → WARRIOR
[1] ‑styrkir: ‑sterkir Mork
warrior
2.5.1. increaser / strengthener of battle
gagnstígr gýgjar
‘the through-route of the giantess’ = CRAG
the through-route of the giantess; → CRAG
[3] gýgjar: ‘gyiar’ Mork
rock, stone
3.2. dwelling place of the giant
hernenninn Gǫndlar þings gný-Þróttr
‘din-Þróttr of Gǫndul’s assembly’ = WARRIOR
the din of Gǫndul’s assembly → BATTLE
battle-enterprising Þróttr of the BATTLE → WARRIOR
[8] ‑Þróttr: so 39, F, E, J2ˣ, 42ˣ, Mork, H
warrior
2.3.1.1. Óðinn of battle
Gǫndlar þings gnýr
‘of the din of Gǫndul’s assembly’ = BATTLE
the din of Gǫndul’s assembly → BATTLE
battle
. problematic
tvá blásvarta byrvargr
‘two blue-black wolves of favourable breeze’ = SHIPS
two blue-black wolves of favourable breeze → SHIPS
ship, boat
1.4.2. wild animal of fair wind
ramdýr þrama
‘the strong animals of ship-railings’ = SHIPS
the strong animals of ship-railings → SHIPS
ship, boat
1.2.2. wild animal of the ship
margdýrkaðr merkir morðhjóls
‘the much-worshipped marker of the killing-wheel’ = WARRIOR
the killing-wheel → SHIELD
The much-worshipped marker of the SHIELD → WARRIOR
[1] merkir: ‘[...]’ Mork
[2] morðhjóls: ‘[...]’ Mork
warrior
1.7.03. stainer of the weapon
morðhjól
‘of the killing-wheel’ = SHIELD
the killing-wheel → SHIELD
[2] morðhjóls: ‘[...]’ Mork
shield
1.02. circular object of battle
ræsir fremðar
‘the advancer of honour’ = KING
the advancer of honour → KING
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
gjafi linnbóls
‘bestower of the snake-lair’ = GENEROUS MAN
the snake-lair, → GOLD
Bestower of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN
[6] linn‑: lind‑ Mork, H
generous man
2.2.1. giver of gold
linnból
‘of the snake-lair’ = GOLD
the snake-lair, → GOLD
[6] linn‑: lind‑ Mork, H
gold
3.1.2. lair of the serpent (A3)
þengill mœra
‘lord of the mœrir’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Sigurðr
Lord of the Mœrir, → NORWEGIAN KING = Sigurðr
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians
fægirjóðr bauga
‘reddener of shields’ = WARRIOR
Reddener of shields, → WARRIOR
warrior
1.7.03. stainer of the weapon
folkrakkr þengill þrœnda
‘battle-brave lord of the þrœndir’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Sigurðr
Battle-brave lord of the Þrœndir, → NORWEGIAN KING = Sigurðr
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians
frændi Serks
‘Serkr’s kinsman’ = Hákon
Serkr’s kinsman. → Hákon
Hákon mǫrstrútr ‘Lump of Lard’ Serksson
. relative of Serkr
leirr ara ins gamla
‘the dung of the ancient eagle’ = BAD POETRY
the dung of the ancient eagle. → BAD POETRY
bad poetry
1. mud of the eagle
húfa Hǫgna
‘Hǫgni’s cap’ = HELMET
Hǫgni’s cap → HELMET
helmet
1.2. headgear of a legendary hero
skúr eggja
‘the shower of sword-blades’ = BATTLE
the shower of sword-blades, → BATTLE
battle
1.2.1. shower of weapons
fríðum jǫfra heiðar galdrs hlíðrœkjandi
‘slope-cultivator of the chant of the chieftains of the heath’ = MAN
the chieftains of the heath; → GIANTS
the chant of GIANTS → GOLD
the slope of the GOLD → WOMAN
the handsome cultivator of the WOMAN → MAN
[5] heiðar jǫfra: heiðir jǫfrar Mork
[8] galdrs nauðsynjar valdit: ‘[...]’ Mork
male, man
. carer of the woman
jǫfra heiðar galdrs hlíð
‘of the slope of the chant of the chieftains of the heath’ = WOMAN
the chieftains of the heath; → GIANTS
the chant of GIANTS → GOLD
the slope of the GOLD → WOMAN
[5] heiðar jǫfra: heiðir jǫfrar Mork
[8] galdrs nauðsynjar valdit: ‘[...]’ Mork
female, woman
1.3. land, landscape of riches, wealth (B2c)
jǫfurr heiðar
‘of the chieftains of the heath’ = GIANTS
the chieftains of the heath; → GIANTS
[5] heiðar jǫfra: heiðir jǫfrar Mork
giant
2. relationship to other outlying places
jǫfra heiðar galdr
‘of the chant of the chieftains of the heath’ = GOLD
the chieftains of the heath; → GIANTS
the chant of GIANTS → GOLD
[5] heiðar jǫfra: heiðir jǫfrar Mork
[8] galdrs nauðsynjar valdit: ‘[...]’ Mork
gold
8.1. utterance of the giant (A3)
eljunfrár munnlituðr hrafns
‘the courage-quick mouth-colourer of the raven’ = WARRIOR
The courage-quick mouth-colourer of the raven → WARRIOR
warrior
3.1.03. stainer of the bird of battlefield
hræskurðr
‘the carrion-cleaver’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
the carrion-cleaver → RAVEN/EAGLE
raven/eagle
4. harm of the corpse (A3)
ógnarprúðum ulfnistandi
‘to the battle-proud wolf-feeder’ = WARRIOR
to the battle-proud wolf-feeder. → WARRIOR
warrior
3.2.1. feeder of the wolf
auðsendir
‘wealth-dispenser’ = GENEROUS MAN
Wealth-dispenser, → GENEROUS MAN
generous man
2.4. sender of wealth
ungr, lofaðr lífgjafi geitunga Ellu
‘the young, lauded life-giver of Ælle’s birds’ = WARRIOR
Ælle’s birds → EAGLES
The young, lauded life-giver of EAGLES → WARRIOR
warrior
3.1.01. feeder of the bird of battlefield
geitungr Ellu
‘of Ælle’s birds’ = EAGLES
Ælle’s birds → EAGLES
eagle
2.2. flying animal of king Ælla (A2)
harðr Hôolfs serkrjóðr
‘shirt-colourer of Hálfr’ = WARRIOR
Hálfr’s shirt → BYRNIE
The harsh colourer of the BYRNIE → WARRIOR
warrior
1.8.1. stainer of armour
Hôolfs serkr
‘of Hálfr’s shirt’ = BYRNIE
Hálfr’s shirt → BYRNIE
mail-coat
1.2. garment of a legendary hero
vápnboða valgrennir
‘falcon-feeder of the weapon-wave’ = WARRIOR
the weapon-wave → BLOOD
the falcon of the BLOOD → RAVEN/EAGLE
The feeder of the RAVEN/EAGLE → WARRIOR
warrior
3.1.01. feeder of the bird of battlefield
vápnboða valr
‘of the falcon of the weapon-wave’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
the weapon-wave → BLOOD
the falcon of the BLOOD → RAVEN/EAGLE
raven/eagle
1.2. bird of blood (A2)
vápnboði
‘of the weapon-wave’ = BLOOD
the weapon-wave → BLOOD
blood
1.2. liquid of the weapon (A2)
hánaðra ráfiðris
‘the tall adder of the sailyard-feather’ = SHIP
the sailyard-feather → SAIL
the tall adder of the SAIL → SHIP
[3] hánǫðru: ‘hamoþro’ Mork
ship, boat
6.2. snake of the ship
ráfjǫðr
‘of the sailyard-feather’ = SAIL
the sailyard-feather → SAIL
sail
2. feather of the sail-yard
snarr svanbekkjar sólþverrir
‘sun-diminisher of the swan-bench’ = GENEROUS MAN
the swan-bench → SEA
the sun of the SEA → GOLD
the brave diminisher of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN
generous man
1.03.1. diminisher of gold
svanbekkjar sól
‘of the sun of the swan-bench’ = GOLD
the swan-bench → SEA
the sun of the SEA → GOLD
gold
1.3. heavenly body of waters (A1)
svanbekkr
‘of the swan-bench’ = SEA
the swan-bench → SEA
sea
6.3. dwelling of the aquatic bird
helfýsir
‘the death-precipitator’ = WARRIOR
The death-precipitator → WARRIOR
warrior
16.1. desirer of death
gollungr benþeyjar
‘of young hawks of wound-thaw’ = RAVENS/EAGLES
wound-thaw → BLOOD
young hawks of the BLOOD → RAVENS/EAGLES
raven/eagle
1.2. bird of blood (A2)
benþeyr
‘of wound-thaw’ = BLOOD
wound-thaw → BLOOD
blood
1.1. liquid of wounds (A2)
lofaðr læknir heims
‘the praised healer of the world’ = God
the praised healer of the world, → God
God
. healer of the world
friðrofi hafljóma
‘to the peace-disturber of sea-radiance’ = GENEROUS MAN
sea-radiance. → GOLD
to the peace-disturber of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN
generous man
1.10. peace-destroyer of wealth
hafljómi
‘of sea-radiance’ = GOLD
sea-radiance. → GOLD
gold
1.2. gleam, shine of waters (A1)
verðgjafi vargs
‘the wolf’s meal-giver’ = WARRIOR
The wolf’s meal-giver → WARRIOR
warrior
3.2.1. feeder of the wolf
bani Vilhjalms
‘the slayer of Vilhjálmr’ = Sigurðr
The slayer of Vilhjálmr, → Sigurðr
Sigurðr slembidjákn Magnússon (r. 1136-9)
2. killer of Vilhjálmr skinnari
fleinþinga
‘for spear-assemblies’ = BATTLES
for spear-assemblies, → BATTLES
battle
3.1. meeting of weapons
metandi morðáls
‘the testers of the battle-eel’ = WARRIORS
the battle-eel → SWORD
the testers of the SWORD → WARRIORS
warrior
. valuer of the weapon
morðáll
‘of the battle-eel’ = SWORD
the battle-eel → SWORD
sword
5.1. fish of battle
ræsir þrœnda
‘the ruler of the þrœndir’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Sigurðr
The ruler of the Þrœndir, → NORWEGIAN KING = Sigurðr
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians
súðvigg
‘the steeds of ship-planking’ = SHIPS
the steeds of ship-planking → SHIPS
ship, boat
1.2.1.1. horse of the ship
ræsir fremðar
‘the advancer of honour’ = KING
The advancer of honour → KING
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
mildum sonr Magnúss
‘the generous son of Magnús’ = Sigurðr
the generous son of Magnús → Sigurðr
[1] við mildum: síðan Mork
[2] Magnúss syni: Sigurð til landa Mork
Sigurðr slembidjákn Magnússon (r. 1136-9)
1. son of Magnús berfœttr Óláfsson
sonr buðlungs
‘to the sovereign’s son’ = Sigurðr
to the sovereign’s son. → Sigurðr
[7] buðlungs: ‘buþlvgs’ Mork
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
2.1. descendant of a ruler
oddhríð
‘a point-storm’ = BATTLE
a point-storm → BATTLE
battle
1.2.1. shower of weapons
verðr hrafns
‘raven’s food’ = CORPSES
raven’s food → CORPSES
[4] verðar: ferðar Mork, F
corpse, slain
1.1. food of the raven/eagle
hringmildr harri
‘the ring-generous lord’ = Magnús
the ring-generous lord → Magnús
[1] harri: harra Mork, Hr
questionable kennings
sóknfúss siklingr þrœnda
‘the war-eager ruler of the þrœndir’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Ingi
The war-eager ruler of the Þrœndir → NORWEGIAN KING = Ingi
[6] sókn‑: ‘song‑’ Mork
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians
ljósa sáríss
‘bright wound-icicles’ = SWORDS
bright wound-icicles; → SWORDS
sword
3.6. ice of the wound
sverða glaumherðandi
‘racket-strengtheners of swords’ = WARRIORS
the racket of swords → BATTLE
The strengtheners of the BATTLE → WARRIORS
warrior
2.5.1. increaser / strengthener of battle
sverða glaumr
‘of the racket of swords’ = BATTLE
the racket of swords → BATTLE
battle
2.1.1. din of swords
sonr Magnúss
‘the son of Magnús’ = Sigurðr
the son of Magnús, → Sigurðr
Sigurðr slembidjákn Magnússon (r. 1136-9)
1. son of Magnús berfœttr Óláfsson
ilrjóðr ara
‘the reddener of eagles’ foot-soles’ = WARRIOR
The reddener of eagles’ foot-soles → WARRIOR
warrior
3.1.03. stainer of the bird of battlefield
gramr Jóta
‘the lord of the Jótar’ = DANISH KING = Eiríkr
the lord of the Jótar. → DANISH KING = Eiríkr
Danish king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Danes
folkstari
‘for the battle-starling’ = RAVEN
for the battle-starling → RAVEN
raven/eagle
1.1. bird of battle (A2)
hringviðr
‘sword-trees’ = WARRIORS
sword-trees → WARRIORS
warrior
1.1.1. tree of the sword
glaðr sonr grams
‘the glad-hearted son of the ruler’ = Sigurðr
the glad-hearted son of the ruler → Sigurðr
[3] sonr: son all
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
2.1. descendant of a ruler
þann inn næsta deyðir naðra
‘that next slayer of snakes’ = WINTER
That next slayer of snakes → WINTER
winter
3. killer of the snake
angrtǫpuðr ulfs
‘the anguish-suppressor of the wolf’ = WARRIOR
The anguish-suppressor of the wolf → WARRIOR
warrior
3.2.2. gladdener of the wolf
angrtǫpuðr
‘the anguish-suppressor’ = GLADDENER
The anguish-suppressor → GLADDENER
gladdener
1. destroyer of the sorrow
benþiðurr
‘the wound-grouse’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
the wound-grouse → RAVEN/EAGLE
raven/eagle
1.4. bird of the wound (A2)
nefi mildings
‘the nephew of the generous one’ = Svína-Grímr
the nephew of the generous one → Svína-Grímr
[6] *nefa: hnefa Mork
Svína-Grímr (Sig)
. nephew of the ruler
nýtan boði naddveðrs
‘the able offerer of the spear-storm’ = WARRIOR
the spear-storm, → BATTLE
the able offerer of the BATTLE → WARRIOR
warrior
2.5.2.1. messenger of battle
naddveðr
‘of the spear-storm’ = BATTLE
the spear-storm, → BATTLE
battle
1.1.1. storm/wind of the weapon
arfþegi Ulfs
‘Úlfr’s inheritor’ = Finnr
Úlfr’s inheritor, → Finnr
Finnr Sauða-Úlfsson
. heir of Úlfr stallari Óspaksson
harri sygna
‘the lord of the sygnir’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Sigurðr
The lord of the Sygnir → NORWEGIAN KING = Sigurðr
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians
leyfðir hróðrsonr Haralds
‘the celebrated, famous sons of Haraldr’ = Ingi and Sigurðr
The celebrated, famous sons of Haraldr → Ingi and Sigurðr
Ingi and Sigurðr, sons of Haraldr IV gilli Magnússon
1. sons of Haraldr gilli Magnússon
herstefna
‘army-meeting’ = BATTLE
army-meeting → BATTLE
battle
3.6. meeting of the army
mildum sonr Magnúss
‘the generous son of Magnús’ = Sigurðr
the generous son of Magnús. → Sigurðr
Sigurðr slembidjákn Magnússon (r. 1136-9)
1. son of Magnús berfœttr Óláfsson
sárgagl
‘wound-goslings’ = RAVENS/EAGLES
Wound-goslings → RAVENS/EAGLES
raven/eagle
1.4. bird of the wound (A2)
herstefna
‘the army-meeting’ = BATTLE
the army-meeting → BATTLE
battle
3.6. meeting of the army
rauðri mjǫll þrumu jarna
‘the red snow-flakes of the roar of weapons’ = BLOOD
the roar of weapons → BATTLE
The red snow-flakes of the BATTLE → BLOOD
blood
4. red snow of battle (A1c)
þruma jarna
‘of the roar of weapons’ = BATTLE
the roar of weapons → BATTLE
battle
2.1. din of weapons
dǫkk vápna
‘the pool of weapons’ = BLOOD
the pool of weapons → BLOOD
[7] dǫkk: ‘doct’ Mork
blood
1.2. liquid of the weapon (A2)
sóknfœrr sonr skjǫldungs
‘the battle-able son of the king’ = Sigurðr
the battle-able son of the king → Sigurðr
[5] sonr: son Mork
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
2.1. descendant of a ruler
dróttinn ýta
‘the lord of men’ = KING = Sigurðr
The lord of men → KING = Sigurðr
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
1.1. lord of people
læskjarr konungr Lista
‘deceit-shy king of Lista’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Sigurðr munnr Haraldsson
Deceit-shy king of Lista, → NORWEGIAN KING = Sigurðr munnr Haraldsson
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.2. ruler of Norway
sú hríð hjalms
‘that storm of the helmet’ = BATTLE
that storm of the helmet → BATTLE
battle
1.2.2.1. shower of helmets
ofkúgi jǫfra
‘the oppressor of princes’ = Sigurðr slembidjákn
the oppressor of princes → Sigurðr slembidjákn
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
2.5. destroyer of princes
veðr tognings
‘the storm of the sword’ = BATTLE
the storm of the sword; → BATTLE
[3] tognings (‘tavgnings’): corrected from ‘tavgnvngs’ Mork
battle
1.1.1.1. storm/wind of the sword
flestan hestr flagðs
‘many a horse of the troll-woman’ = WOLF
many a horse of the troll-woman. → WOLF
[7] flestan: flestum Mork
wolf
1.1. horse of the giantess, troll-woman (A3)
ferð gylðis
‘the company of the wolf’ = WOLVES
the company of the wolf → WOLVES
wolf
2.2. company of the wolf (B3a)
sogns sára mágrennir
‘seagull-feeder of the fjord of wounds’ = WARRIOR
the fjord of wounds, → BLOOD
the seagull of the BLOOD → RAVEN/EAGLE
the feeder of the RAVEN/EAGLE → WARRIOR
[1] sogns: ‘songs’ Mork
[3] ‑grenni: ‑grennir F, E, J2ˣ, H, Hr, Mork
warrior
3.1.01. feeder of the bird of battlefield
sogns sára már
‘of the seagull of the fjord of wounds’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
the fjord of wounds, → BLOOD
the seagull of the BLOOD → RAVEN/EAGLE
[1] sogns: ‘songs’ Mork
raven/eagle
1.2. bird of blood (A2)
Sogn sára
‘of the fjord of wounds’ = BLOOD
the fjord of wounds, → BLOOD
[1] sogns: ‘songs’ Mork
blood
1.1. liquid of wounds (A2)
þreytir drasils hranna
‘the tester of the steed of waves’ = SEAFARER
the steed of waves → SHIP
the tester of the SHIP → SEAFARER
seafarer
1.1.15. tester of the ship
drasill hranna
‘of the steed of waves’ = SHIP
the steed of waves → SHIP
ship, boat
1.1.1.1. horse of the sea
hraustr nistir hræskúfs
‘the bold feeder of the carrion-skua’ = WARRIOR
the carrion-skua → RAVEN/EAGLE
the bold feeder of the RAVEN/EAGLE → WARRIOR
warrior
3.1.01. feeder of the bird of battlefield
hræskúfr
‘of the carrion-skua’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
the carrion-skua → RAVEN/EAGLE
raven/eagle
1.3. bird of the corpse (A2)
sonr Maddaðar
‘Maddaðr’s son’ = Haraldr
Maddaðr’s son; → Haraldr
Haraldr Maddaðarson
. son of Maddaðr
svell folks
‘ice-sheets of battle’ = SWORDS
ice-sheets of battle → SWORDS
sword
3.1. ice of battle
heit Rín valbasta
‘the hot Rhine of sword-hilts’ = BLOOD
The hot Rhine of sword-hilts → BLOOD
blood
1.2. liquid of the weapon (A2)
vín vitnis
‘the wolf’s wine’ = BLOOD
the wolf’s wine → BLOOD
blood
2.2. drink of the wolf (A3)
galdr hjǫrva
‘a chant of swords’ = BATTLE
a chant of swords → BATTLE
battle
6.01.1. incantation of weapons
ský hildar
‘the cloud of battle’ = SHIELD
the cloud of battle → SHIELD
shield
2.1.1. cloud of battle
Garmr fyriskógar
‘The Garmr of the fir-forest’ = FIRE
The Garmr of the fir-forest → FIRE
fire, flame
2.1. dog of wood
regn strengjar
‘the rain of the bow-string’ = ARROWS
the rain of the bow-string → ARROWS
arrow
1.1. shower of the bow
garðr styrjar
‘the enclosure of strife’ = SHIELD
The enclosure of strife → SHIELD
shield
6.1. enclosure of battle
randǫlunn
‘by the rim-fish’ = SWORD
by the rim-fish, → SWORD
[7] randǫlun: ‘ranndølom’ Mork
sword
5.2. fish of the shield
skip þíslar
‘the ship of the wagon-shaft’ = WAGON
the ship of the wagon-shaft; → WAGON
wagon, chariot
. ship of the wagon-shaft
élreki
‘the storm-chaser’ = WIND
the storm-chaser → WIND
storm, wind
4.2. driver of the storm
víkmarr
‘bay-steed’ = SHIP
bay-steed → SHIP
ship, boat
1.1.1.1. horse of the sea
alls engi arngrennir
‘not one eagle-feeder’ = WARRIOR
Not one eagle-feeder → WARRIOR
warrior
3.1.01. feeder of the bird of battlefield
sterkr sonr Dags
‘the strong son of Dagr’ = Grégóríus
The strong son of Dagr → Grégóríus
[4] sonr: son Mork
Grégóríus Dagsson (d. 1161)
1. son of Dagr Eilífsson
hagl strengjar
‘the hail of the bowstring’ = ARROWS
the hail of the bowstring → ARROWS
arrow
1.1. shower of the bow
gnýr gagls Gunnar
‘the din of Gunnr’s gosling’ = BATTLE
Gunnr’s gosling; → RAVEN/EAGLE
the din of the RAVEN/EAGLE → BATTLE
battle
2.7. din of the bird of battlefield
gagl Gunnar
‘of Gunnr’s gosling’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
Gunnr’s gosling; → RAVEN/EAGLE
raven/eagle
2.1. bird of the valkyrie (A2)
sendir seima
‘the dispenser of gold’ = GENEROUS MAN
The dispenser of gold → GENEROUS MAN
generous man
2.4.1. sender of gold
ljótri drífa boga
‘the hideous storm of bows’ = BATTLE
the hideous storm of bows—, → BATTLE
battle
1.2.1.5. shower of bows