ESk Run 7II
Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2009, ‘Einarr Skúlason, Runhenda 7’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 556.
Jók ‘intensified’
(not checked:)
1. auka (verb; °eykr; jók, jóku/juku): (str. intrans.) increase
hilmir ‘The prince’
(not checked:)
hilmir (noun m.): prince, protector
hjaldr ‘the fighting’
(not checked:)
1. hjaldr (noun m.): battle
vas ‘there was’
(not checked:)
2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
[2] þar vas (‘þar var’): við Hr
hjǫrva ‘of swords’
(not checked:)
hjǫrr (noun m.): sword
kennings
galdr hjǫrva;‘a chant of swords ’
= BATTLE
a chant of swords → BATTLE
kennings
galdr hjǫrva;‘a chant of swords ’
= BATTLE
a chant of swords → BATTLE
hjósk ‘was cloven’
(not checked:)
hǫggva (verb): to strike, put to death, cut, hew
[3] hjósk: raufsk R, Tˣ, ‘hraudz’ C
hildar ‘of battle’
(not checked:)
1. hildr (noun f.): battle
kennings
ský hildar‘the cloud of battle ’
= SHIELD
the cloud of battle → SHIELD
ský ‘the cloud’
(not checked:)
ský (noun n.; °-s; -): cloud
kennings
ský hildar‘the cloud of battle ’
= SHIELD
the cloud of battle → SHIELD
notes
[4] við Hvítabý ‘at Whitby’: Located on the Yorkshire coast (see Townend 1998, 42-4).
Hvíta ‘Whit’
(not checked:)
hvítr (adj.; °-an; -ari, -astr): white < Hvítabýr (noun m.)
[4] Hvíta‑: heiða‑ C
notes
[4] við Hvítabý ‘at Whitby’: Located on the Yorkshire coast (see Townend 1998, 42-4).
bý ‘by’
(not checked:)
býr (noun m.; °býjar/bjár/bjór/bjárs, dat. -; gen. býa/bjá, dat. bjóm/bjám, acc. býi/býa/bjá): dwelling, down < Hvítabýr (noun m.)
notes
[4] við Hvítabý ‘at Whitby’: Located on the Yorkshire coast (see Townend 1998, 42-4).
lék ‘played’
(not checked:)
3. leika (verb): play
[5] lék: so Kˣ, F, Hr, ‘let’ or ‘lec’ Mork, lét E, J2ˣ, 42ˣ
við ‘against’
(not checked:)
2. við (prep.): with, against
rǫnn ‘houses’
(not checked:)
rann (noun n.): house, hall
rauzk ‘was reddened’
(not checked:)
rjóða (verb): to redden
tǫnn ‘the tooth’
(not checked:)
tǫnn (noun f.; °tannar; tenn/tennr/tennar): tooth
fekksk ‘was inflicted’
(not checked:)
2. fá (verb; °fǽr; fekk, fengu; fenginn): get, receive
[7] fekksk: fekk J2ˣ
fyrðum ‘on people’
(not checked:)
2. fyrðr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -): man
harmr ‘grief’
(not checked:)
1. harmr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): sorrow, grief
fyri ‘of the fir-’
(not checked:)
1. fyri (noun n.): [fir-] < fyriskógr (noun m.)
kennings
Garmr fyriskógar‘The Garmr of the fir-forest ’
= FIRE
The Garmr of the fir-forest → FIRE
skógar ‘forest’
(not checked:)
skógr (noun m.; °-ar/-s, dat. -i; -ar): forest < fyriskógr (noun m.)
[8] ‑skógar: ‑skóga E, 42ˣ
kennings
Garmr fyriskógar‘The Garmr of the fir-forest ’
= FIRE
The Garmr of the fir-forest → FIRE
Garmr ‘The Garmr’
(not checked:)
2. Garmr (noun m.): [hound, Garmr]
kennings
Garmr fyriskógar‘The Garmr of the fir-forest ’
= FIRE
The Garmr of the fir-forest → FIRE
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
As st. 6 above.
[3]: This l. could also be construed with l. 4, but that is less likely in view of the preference for two intercalary clauses in ll. 2 and 3, 6 and 7 displayed elsewhere in this poem (cf. the second helmingr of the current st., as well as sts 5 and 7). — [3-4]: In R, Tˣ, and C, ll. 3-4 follow st. 6/1-2 above.
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