Steinn Úlffl 1II
Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2009, ‘Steinn Herdísarson, Úlfsflokkr 1’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 366-7.
Hét ‘called’
(not checked:)
2. heita (verb): be called, promise
á ‘on’
(not checked:)
3. á (prep.): on, at
oss ‘us’
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vér (pron.; °gen. vár, dat./acc. oss): we, us, our
notes
[1] þás úti ‘when out at sea’: Skj B connects this with l. 3: róðr vas greiddr úti á grœði ‘the rowing was accelerated out on the ocean’ (so also ÍF 29). That interpretation creates a convoluted w. o. (see NN §1146), and the adverb úti in itself means ‘out at sea’ (see Fritzner: úti 2; Steinn Óldr 9/1).
úti ‘out at sea’
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úti (adv.): out, outdoors, out at sea, abroad
[1] úti: ítri Flat, ýtti 570a
notes
[1] þás úti ‘when out at sea’: Skj B connects this with l. 3: róðr vas greiddr úti á grœði ‘the rowing was accelerated out on the ocean’ (so also ÍF 29). That interpretation creates a convoluted w. o. (see NN §1146), and the adverb úti in itself means ‘out at sea’ (see Fritzner: úti 2; Steinn Óldr 9/1).
Ulfr ‘Úlfr’
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1. ulfr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): wolf
há ‘oarport-’
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1. hár (noun m.; °; -ir): oarport < hákesja (noun f.)
[2] há‑: þá er Flat
kennings
hákesjur‘oarport-spears ’
= OARS
oarport-spears → OARS
notes
[2] hákesjur ‘oarport-spears [OARS]’: For this interpretation, see Perkins 1986-9a, 114 and Jesch 2001a, 154. The cpd could also be taken to mean ‘tall spears’ (so earlier eds), but the present interpretation fits the context better. For kesja ‘spear’, see Falk 1914, 78-80.
kesjur ‘spears’
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kesja (noun f.; °-u; -ur): halberd, spear < hákesja (noun f.)
kennings
hákesjur‘oarport-spears ’
= OARS
oarport-spears → OARS
notes
[2] hákesjur ‘oarport-spears [OARS]’: For this interpretation, see Perkins 1986-9a, 114 and Jesch 2001a, 154. The cpd could also be taken to mean ‘tall spears’ (so earlier eds), but the present interpretation fits the context better. For kesja ‘spear’, see Falk 1914, 78-80.
skulfu ‘trembled’
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1. skjalfa (verb): shake - intrans.
róðr ‘the rowing’
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róðr (noun m.; °róðrar, dat. róðri, acc. róðr/róð(BǫglEirsp 458²⁴)): rowing-district, levy
vas ‘was’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
greiddr ‘accelerated’
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greiða (verb): alleviate
á ‘on’
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3. á (prep.): on, at
grœði ‘the ocean’
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grœði (noun n.): swell
grams ‘the king’s’
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1. gramr (noun m.): ruler
stallari ‘marshal’
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stallari (noun m.; °-a; -ar): king’s marshal
alla ‘all’
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allr (adj.): all
Vel ‘’
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vel (adv.): well, very
bað ‘commanded’
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biðja (verb; °biðr; bað, báðu; beðinn (beiþ- Martin¹ 573, bỏþ- HákEirsp 661, cf. ed. intr. xl)): ask for, order, pray
skip ‘ship’
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skip (noun n.; °-s; -): ship
með ‘alongside’
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með (prep.): with
skylja ‘the lord’
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skyli (noun m.): lord
skeljeggjaðr ‘The keen-minded’
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skeleggjaðr (adj.): [keen-minded]
[6] skeljeggjaðr: skeleggjaðr Kˣ, F, J2ˣ, FskBˣ, Mork, Flat, H, Hr, 570a, skeleggjar E, ‘skalæggiaðr’ FskAˣ
notes
[6] skeljeggjaðr ‘keen-minded’: The restoration of the older form of this word is necessary because the metre requires a long first syllable (see Kuhn 1937, 59-60).
framm ‘briskly’
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fram (adv.): out, forth, forwards, away
sitt ‘his’
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3. sinn (pron.; °f. sín, n. sitt): (refl. poss. pron.)
en ‘and’
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2. en (conj.): but, and
seggir ‘the men’
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seggr (noun m.; °; -ir): man
snjalls ‘of the brave’
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snjallr (adj.): quick, resourceful, bold
[8] snjalls: snjallr Flat
notes
[8] snjalls landreka ‘of the brave land-ruler’: I.e. of Haraldr.
landreka ‘land-ruler’
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landreki (noun m.): land-ruler
notes
[8] snjalls landreka ‘of the brave land-ruler’: I.e. of Haraldr.
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
Úlfr’s ship advanced alongside the ship of King Haraldr harðráði at the battle of the Nissan.
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