Kenning Lexicon - kennings in ms

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Kennings — GKS 1008 fol (Tóm)

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Jór Send 2^I
reynir lǫgðis
‘to the tester of the sword’ = WARRIOR
to the tester of the sword. → WARRIOR

GKS 1008 fol: 92r/9
[2] lǫgðis: so F, Holm2, 73aˣ, 68, 61(76ra), Bb(120va), Tóm, 61(2vb), 53
warrior
1.7.13. tester of the weapon
Ótt Hfl 3^I
blakkr dreyra vengis
‘the steed of the blood of the land’ = SHIP
the blood of the land → SEA
the steed of the SEA → SHIP

GKS 1008 fol: 95r/23
[3] dreyra: so Holm2, J1ˣ, J2ˣ, 73aˣ, 78aˣ, 68, 61, 325V, Bb, Flat, Tóm, 325XI 2 i
ship, boat
1.1.1.1. horse of the sea
Ótt Hfl 3^I
dreyri vengis
‘of the blood of the land’ = SEA
the blood of the land → SEA

GKS 1008 fol: 95r/23
[3] dreyra: so Holm2, J1ˣ, J2ˣ, 73aˣ, 78aˣ, 68, 61, 325V, Bb, Flat, Tóm, 325XI 2 i
water
1. blood of the earth
Ótt Hfl 4^I
landvǫrðr
‘land-guardian’ = RULER
land-guardian, → RULER

GKS 1008 fol: 95r/29
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
5.1. guardian of the land
Ótt Hfl 4^I
sund-vǫrpuðr
‘the sea-thrower’ = OAR
the sea-thrower; → OAR

GKS 1008 fol: 95r/29
[6] ‑varpaði: ‘‑uarpaðar’ Tóm
oar
2.2. thrower of the sea
Ótt Hfl 6^I
dolglinns svanbræðir
‘swan-feeder of the battle-serpent’ = WARRIOR
the battle-serpent, → SWORD
the swan of the SWORD → RAVEN/EAGLE
Feeder of the RAVEN/EAGLE → WARRIOR

GKS 1008 fol: 95r/31
[2] dolglinns: dǫglings Flat, Tóm
warrior
3.1.01. feeder of the bird of battlefield
Ótt Hfl 6^I
dolglinns svanr
‘of the swan of the battle-serpent’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
the battle-serpent, → SWORD
the swan of the SWORD → RAVEN/EAGLE

GKS 1008 fol: 95r/31
[2] dolglinns: dǫglings Flat, Tóm
raven/eagle
1.5. bird of the weapon (A2)
Ótt Hfl 6^I
dolglinnr
‘of the battle-serpent’ = SWORD
the battle-serpent, → SWORD

GKS 1008 fol: 95r/31
[2] dolglinns: dǫglings Flat, Tóm
sword
2.1. snake of battle
Sigv Víkv 1^I
langr sæmeiðr
‘the long sea-tree’ = SHIP
The long sea-tree → SHIP

GKS 1008 fol: 95r/37
[1] Langr: langt 68, 61, 325V, Flat, Tóm
ship, boat
3.1. tree of the sea
Sigv Víkv 1^I
inn unga kundr jǫfra
‘the young descendant of princes’ = Óláfr
the young descendant of princes → Óláfr

GKS 1008 fol: 95r/37
[1] inn unga: ‘íunga’ Flat, Tóm
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
2.1. descendant of a ruler
Ótt Hfl 7^I
gildir flotna
‘supporter of seafarers’ = RULER
Supporter of seafarers, → RULER

GKS 1008 fol: 95v/19
[1] Gildir: gildr J1ˣ, J2ˣ, Bb, Flat, Tóm
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
Sigv Víkv 2^I
ǫnnur þing odda
‘other assemblies of weapon-points’ = BATTLES
other assemblies of weapon-points → BATTLES

GKS 1008 fol: 95v/26
battle
3.1. meeting of weapons
Sigv Víkv 3^I
in þriðja strǫng hríð stáls
‘the third powerful storm of steel’ = BATTLE
The third powerful storm of steel → BATTLE

GKS 1008 fol: 95v/39
[4] in: hina Flat, Tóm
[4] þriðja: þriðju Flat, Tóm
battle
1.2.1. shower of weapons
Sigv Víkv 3^I
niðr fylkis
‘of the descendant of the ruler’ = Óláfr
the descendant of the ruler → Óláfr

GKS 1008 fol: 95v/39
[4] niðs: niðr Holm2, J2ˣ, 78aˣ, 325V, Tóm
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
2.1. descendant of a ruler
Sigv Víkv 3^I
brimskíð
‘the surf-skis’ = SHIPS
the surf-skis. → SHIPS

GKS 1008 fol: 95v/39
ship, boat
2.1. ski of the sea
Sigv Víkv 4^I
galdr Gunnar
‘of a chant of Gunnr’ = BATTLE
a chant of Gunnr → BATTLE

GKS 1008 fol: 96r/1
[2] galdrs: gjalds 325V, Flat, Tóm
battle
6.01.3. incantation of the valkyrie
Sigv Víkv 5^I
hneigir hlenna
‘oppressor of thieves’ = JUST RULER = Óláfr
Oppressor of thieves, → JUST RULER = Óláfr

GKS 1008 fol: 96r/6
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
4.1. destroyer of evildoers
Ótt Hfl 10^I
konr bragna
‘kinsman of chieftains’ = RULER
kinsman of chieftains, → RULER

GKS 1008 fol: 96v/2
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
2.1. descendant of a ruler
Ótt Hfl 8^I
gunnþorinn kennir éla Yggs
‘battle-daring master of the storms of Yggr’ = WARRIOR
the storms of Yggr, → BATTLES
Battle-daring master of BATTLES → WARRIOR

GKS 1008 fol: 96v/2
[2] gunn‑: veðr‑ Kˣ, 75c, 325V, 325VII, Bb, Flat, Tóm
[2] Yggs: ‘ygs’ Holm2, J1ˣ, 68, 75c, 325VII, Bb, Flat, Tóm
warrior
2.5.6. master of battle
Ótt Hfl 8^I
él Yggs
‘of the storms of Yggr’ = BATTLES
the storms of Yggr, → BATTLES

GKS 1008 fol: 96v/2
[2] Yggs: ‘ygs’ Holm2, J1ˣ, 68, 75c, 325VII, Bb, Flat, Tóm
battle
1.2.3. shower of Óðinn
Ótt Hfl 8^I
land linns
‘the lands of the serpent’ = GOLD
the lands of the serpent. → GOLD

GKS 1008 fol: 96v/2
gold
3.1.1. land of the serpent (A3)
Ótt Hfl 8^I
gamlir járnhringr gunnþinga
‘old iron-rings of battle-meetings’ = MAIL-SHIRTS
old iron-rings of battle-meetings → MAIL-SHIRTS

GKS 1008 fol: 96v/2
mail-coat
3. rings of battle
Ótt Hfl 13^I
láðvǫrðr
‘land-guardian’ = KING
Land-guardian, → KING

GKS 1008 fol: 96v/4
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
5.1. guardian of the land
Ótt Hfl 13^I
rúni rekka
‘the counsellor of warriors’ = KING = Æthelred
the counsellor of warriors → KING = Æthelred

GKS 1008 fol: 96v/4
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
1.2. friend of people
Ótt Hfl 13^I
niðr játmundar
‘the kinsman of eadmund’ = Æthelred
the kinsman of Eadmund → Æthelred

GKS 1008 fol: 96v/4
Æthelred
. relative of Eadmund
Sigv Víkv 6^I
at Yggs
‘the strife of Yggr’ = BATTLE
the strife of Yggr. → BATTLE

GKS 1008 fol: 96v/6
battle
5.3. strife of Óðinn
Sigv Víkv 7^I
sverðþing
‘a sword-assembly’ = BATTLE
a sword-assembly → BATTLE

GKS 1008 fol: 96v/11
battle
3.1.1. meeting of swords
Sigv Víkv 7^I
kind Ellu
‘the offspring of Ælla’ = Englishmen
The offspring of Ælla → Englishmen

GKS 1008 fol: 96v/11
English people
. relatives of an English king
Sigv Víkv 7^I
arfrvǫrðr Haralds
‘the guardian of Haraldr’s inheritance’ = Óláfr
the guardian of Haraldr’s inheritance → Óláfr

GKS 1008 fol: 96v/11
Óláfr II inn helgi Haraldsson (r. c. 1015-1030)
1.2. heir of Haraldr inn grenski
Ótt Hfl 9^I
gnýr randa
‘the clash of shields’ = BATTLE
the clash of shields, → BATTLE

GKS 1008 fol: 96v/13
[6] í gný: ‘j kny’ Tóm
[6] randa: branda Holm2, J1ˣ, J2ˣ, 325VI, 73aˣ, 78aˣ, 68, 61, 325V, 325VII, Bb, Tóm
battle
2.1.3. din of shields
Sigv Víkv 8^I
mœtir víga
‘the meeter of battles’ = WARRIOR
the meeter of battles, → WARRIOR

GKS 1008 fol: 96v/22
warrior
2.5.2.3. encounterer of battle
Sigv Víkv 8^I
styrkr vǫrðr verðungar
‘the strong guardian of the troop’ = RULER
the strong guardian of the troop → RULER

GKS 1008 fol: 96v/22
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
1.3. guardian of people
Sigv Víkv 9^I
ógnvaldr
‘battle-causer’ = WARRIOR
battle-causer → WARRIOR

GKS 1008 fol: 96v/27
[6] ‑valdr: so R686ˣ, 325VI, 325V, 325VII, Bb, Flat, Tóm, FskBˣ, FskAˣ, DG8
warrior
2.5.3. causer of battle
Sigv Víkv 10^I
drífahregg folkveggs
‘with a driving storm of the battle-wall’ = BATTLE
the battle-wall → SHIELD
with a driving storm of the SHIELD → BATTLE

GKS 1008 fol: 96v/36
[2] drífa‑: so papp18ˣ, Holm2, R686ˣ, J2ˣ, 325VI, 73aˣ, 78aˣ, 68, 61, 75c, 325V, 325VII, Bb, Flat, Tóm
[2] ‑veggs: ‑vegg Tóm
battle
1.1.1.2. storm/wind of the shield
Sigv Víkv 10^I
folkveggr
‘of the battle-wall’ = SHIELD
the battle-wall → SHIELD

GKS 1008 fol: 96v/36
[2] ‑veggs: ‑vegg Tóm
shield
7.1. wall of battle
Sigv Víkv 12^I
tírfylgjandi
‘the glory-follower’ = WARRIOR
The glory-follower → WARRIOR

GKS 1008 fol: 96v/40
warrior
Sigv Víkv 12^I
fjǫrbann
‘a life-ban’ = DEATH
a life-ban → DEATH

GKS 1008 fol: 96v/40
death
1. loss of life
Sigv Víkv 13^I
snjallr dróttinn þrœnda
‘the brave lord of the þrœndir’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr
The brave lord of the Þrœndir → NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr

GKS 1008 fol: 97r/3
[2] dróttinn: drótta Tóm
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians
Sigv Víkv 14^I
malms munnrjóðr
‘mouth-reddener of the sword’ = WARRIOR
the mouth of the sword, → SWORD BLADE
The reddener of the SWORD BLADE → WARRIOR

GKS 1008 fol: 97r/14
[1] Malms: so Holm2, J2ˣ, 73aˣ, 68, 75c, 325V, 325VII, Bb, Flat, Tóm
warrior
1.7.03. stainer of the weapon
Sigv Víkv 14^I
malms munnr
‘of the mouth of the sword’ = SWORD BLADE
the mouth of the sword, → SWORD BLADE

GKS 1008 fol: 97r/14
[1] Malms: so Holm2, J2ˣ, 73aˣ, 68, 75c, 325V, 325VII, Bb, Flat, Tóm
sword blade
2. mouth of the sword
Sigv Víkv 14^I
hilmir mœra
‘the ruler of the mœrir’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr
the ruler of the Mœrir, → NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr

GKS 1008 fol: 97r/14
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians
Sigv Víkv 14^I
Njǫrðr víga
‘the Nirðir of battles’ = WARRIORS
the Nirðir of battles; → WARRIORS

GKS 1008 fol: 97r/14
warrior
2.3.1.2. Njǫrðr of battle
Hildr Lv 1^I
nafni Nefju
‘Nefja’s namesake’ = Hrólfr
Nefja’s namesake; → Hrólfr

GKS 1008 fol: 97r/30
[1] nafna: nefna Tóm
Gǫngu-Hrólfr
. namesake of Hrólfr nefja
Hildr Lv 1^I
Yggr valbríkar
‘of the Yggr of the slain-plank’ = WARRIOR
the slain-plank; → SHIELD
the Yggr of the SHIELD → WARRIOR

GKS 1008 fol: 97r/30
[6] Yggs: ýgs J1ˣ, Holm2, 68, 325VII, Bb, Tóm
warrior
1.4.1.01. Óðinn of the weapon
Hildr Lv 1^I
valbrík
‘of the slain-plank’ = SHIELD
the slain-plank; → SHIELD

GKS 1008 fol: 97r/30
shield
3.4. board of the corpse
ÞKolb Eirdr 14^I
gollkennir
‘the gold-master’ = GENEROUS MAN = Eiríkr
The gold-master → GENEROUS MAN = Eiríkr

GKS 1008 fol: 97v/19
[1] Gollkennir: golls kennir 325V, Tóm
male, man
3.03. master of riches
ÞKolb Eirdr 14^I
leyfðr Þundr hests grœðis
‘the celebrated Þundr of the horse of the sea’ = SEAFARER = Eiríkr
the horse of the sea → SHIP
the celebrated Þundr of the SHIP → SEAFARER = Eiríkr

GKS 1008 fol: 97v/19
[2] hests: hest Holm2, R686ˣ, 972ˣ, J1ˣ, J2ˣ, 73aˣ, 78aˣ, 75c, Bb(128ra), Tóm, 54, Bb(106rb), Flat, 41ˣ
seafarer
1.3.1. god of the ship
ÞKolb Eirdr 14^I
hestr grœðis
‘of the horse of the sea’ = SHIP
the horse of the sea → SHIP

GKS 1008 fol: 97v/19
[2] hests: hest Holm2, R686ˣ, 972ˣ, J1ˣ, J2ˣ, 73aˣ, 78aˣ, 75c, Bb(128ra), Tóm, 54, Bb(106rb), Flat, 41ˣ
ship, boat
1.1.1.1. horse of the sea
ÞKolb Eirdr 14^I
regn rekka Þorins
‘the rain of the men of Þorinn’ = POETRY
the men of Þorinn → DWARFS
the rain of DWARFS → POETRY

GKS 1008 fol: 97v/19
[5] regn‑: hregg Tóm
[5] ‑Þorins: ‘þornis’ Tóm
poetry
1.2.2. liquid of the dwarfs
ÞKolb Eirdr 14^I
rekkr Þorins
‘of the men of Þorinn’ = DWARFS
the men of Þorinn → DWARFS

GKS 1008 fol: 97v/19
[5] ‑Þorins: ‘þornis’ Tóm
dwarf
2. man of the dwarf
Ótt Hfl 14^I
valfasta veðr
‘weather-brisk of the slain-fire’ = BATTLE
the fire of the slain, → SWORD
the weather of the SWORD → BATTLE

GKS 1008 fol: 98r/8
[1] Val‑: ‘Iall‑’ Tóm
battle
1.1.1.1. storm/wind of the sword
Ótt Hfl 14^I
valfasti
‘of the fire of the slain’ = SWORD
the fire of the slain, → SWORD

GKS 1008 fol: 98r/8
[1] Val‑: ‘Iall‑’ Tóm
sword
1.1.08. fire of the corpse
Ótt Hfl 14^I
þofti skjǫldunga
‘benchmate of kings’ = RULER
benchmate of kings, → RULER

GKS 1008 fol: 98r/8
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
2.4. friend of the ruler
Ótt Hfl 15^I
engi allvaldr aldar
‘no mighty ruler of men’ = RULER
no mighty ruler of men → RULER

GKS 1008 fol: 98r/10
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
1.1. lord of people
Ótt Hfl 15^I
niðjungr Haralds
‘descendant of Haraldr’ = Óláfr
descendant of Haraldr, → Óláfr

GKS 1008 fol: 98r/10
[8] niðjungr: níðingr Tóm
Óláfr II inn helgi Haraldsson (r. c. 1015-1030)
1.1. descendant of Haraldr inn grenski
Sigv Erlfl 9^I
snarr harri búþegna
‘the keen chief of landowners’ = RULER = Óláfr
the keen chief of landowners → RULER = Óláfr

GKS 1008 fol: 98r/43
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
1.1. lord of people
Sigv Erlfl 9^I
faðir Ulfs
‘Úlfr’s father’ = Rǫgnvaldr
Úlfr’s father. → Rǫgnvaldr

GKS 1008 fol: 98r/43
[7] Ulfs feðr vas þat: ‘vlfs uaradar’ Tóm
Rǫgnvaldr jarl Úlfsson
1. father of Úlfr
Ótt Hfl 16^I
bræðir blágjóða bengjalfrs
‘feeder of the dark ospreys of the wound-sea’ = WARRIOR = Óláfr
the wound-sea, → BLOOD
the dark ospreys of the BLOOD → RAVENS/EAGLES
Feeder of RAVENS/EAGLES → WARRIOR = Óláfr

GKS 1008 fol: 98v/31
[1] ‑gjóða: ‑greiða Tóm
warrior
3.1.01. feeder of the bird of battlefield
Ótt Hfl 16^I
blágjóðr bengjalfrs
‘of the dark ospreys of the wound-sea’ = RAVENS/EAGLES
the wound-sea, → BLOOD
the dark ospreys of the BLOOD → RAVENS/EAGLES

GKS 1008 fol: 98v/31
[1] ‑gjóða: ‑greiða Tóm
raven/eagle
1.2. bird of blood (A2)
Ótt Hfl 16^I
bengjalfr
‘of the wound-sea’ = BLOOD
the wound-sea, → BLOOD

GKS 1008 fol: 98v/31
blood
1.1. liquid of wounds (A2)
Ótt Hfl 16^I
Þróttar þings mágrennir
‘gull-feeder of the assembly of Þróttr’ = WARRIOR = Óláfr
the assembly of Þróttr, → BATTLE
the gull of the BATTLE → RAVEN/EAGLE
Feeder of the RAVEN/EAGLE → WARRIOR = Óláfr

GKS 1008 fol: 98v/31
warrior
3.1.01. feeder of the bird of battlefield
Ótt Hfl 16^I
Þróttar þings már
‘of the gull of the assembly of Þróttr’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
the assembly of Þróttr, → BATTLE
the gull of the BATTLE → RAVEN/EAGLE

GKS 1008 fol: 98v/31
raven/eagle
1.1. bird of battle (A2)
Ótt Hfl 16^I
Þróttar þing
‘of the assembly of Þróttr’ = BATTLE
the assembly of Þróttr, → BATTLE

GKS 1008 fol: 98v/31
battle
3.3. meeting of Óðinn
Sigv Lv 2^I
alltíginn meiðir myrkblás drasils tjalda
‘most high-born destroyer of the dark black steed of awnings’ = WARRIOR
the dark black steed of awnings, → SHIP
most high-born destroyer of the SHIP → WARRIOR

GKS 1008 fol: 101r/9
[2] ‑blás: ‑hals Tóm
sea-warrior
1. destroyer of the ship
Sigv Lv 2^I
myrkblás drasill tjalda
‘of the dark black steed of awnings’ = SHIP
the dark black steed of awnings, → SHIP

GKS 1008 fol: 101r/9
[2] ‑blás: ‑hals Tóm
ship, boat
1.2.1.1. horse of the ship
Sigv Lv 3^I
Njǫrðr sóknar
‘Njǫrðr of combat’ = WARRIOR
Njǫrðr of combat, and I → WARRIOR

GKS 1008 fol: 101r/13
warrior
2.3.1.2. Njǫrðr of battle
Sigv Lv 3^I
látr blóða linns
‘of the lair of the serpent’s brother’ = GOLD
the serpent’s brother, → SERPENT
the lair of the SERPENT → GOLD

GKS 1008 fol: 101r/13
gold
3.1.2. lair of the serpent (A3)
Sigv Lv 3^I
þollr látrs blóða linns
‘fir-tree of the lair of the serpent’s brother’ = MAN
the serpent’s brother, → SERPENT
the lair of the SERPENT → GOLD
Fir-tree of the GOLD → MAN

GKS 1008 fol: 101r/13
male, man
1.1. tree of gold
Sigv Lv 3^I
blóði linns
‘of the serpent’s brother’ = SERPENT
the serpent’s brother, → SERPENT

GKS 1008 fol: 101r/13
serpent, snake
3. relative of the snake (B4a and B4b)
Sigv Lv 4^I
Gunnar gammteitandi
‘vulture-gladdeners of Gunnr’ = WARRIORS
the vulture of Gunnr → RAVEN/EAGLE
by gladdeners of the RAVEN/EAGLE → WARRIORS

GKS 1008 fol: 101r/16
[2] gamm‑: gams 61, Holm4, 325V, Flat, Tóm
[2] ‑teitǫndum: teit erum Tóm
warrior
3.1.02. gladdener of the bird of battlefield
Sigv Lv 4^I
Gunnar gammr
‘of the vulture of Gunnr’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
the vulture of Gunnr → RAVEN/EAGLE

GKS 1008 fol: 101r/16
[2] gamm‑: gams 61, Holm4, 325V, Flat, Tóm
raven/eagle
2.1. bird of the valkyrie (A2)
Sigv Lv 4^I
eldr ægis
‘the flame of the sea’ = GOLD
the flame of the sea. → GOLD

GKS 1008 fol: 101r/16
gold
1.1.1. fire of the sea (A1)
Sigv Lv 4^I
engis lúru látrþverrandi
‘lair-diminisher of the halibut of the meadow’ = GENEROUS MAN
the halibut of the meadow, → SERPENT
the lair of the SERPENT → GOLD
diminisher of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

GKS 1008 fol: 101r/16
[7] engis: engan Holm2, 972ˣ, 68, 61, Tóm, Kˣ
[5] lúru: lundi 325V, Flat, Tóm
[6] látr‑: láð‑ Holm2, R686ˣ, J1ˣ, J2ˣ, 68, 61, 325V, Bb, Flat, Tóm
[6] ‑þverrandi: so J1ˣ, J2ˣ, 325VI, 68, 61, Holm4, 325V, Bb, Flat, Tóm, 325XI 2 l, Kˣ
generous man
1.03.1. diminisher of gold
Sigv Lv 4^I
engis lúru látr
‘of the lair of the halibut of the meadow’ = GOLD
the halibut of the meadow, → SERPENT
the lair of the SERPENT → GOLD

GKS 1008 fol: 101r/16
[7] engis: engan Holm2, 972ˣ, 68, 61, Tóm, Kˣ
[5] lúru: lundi 325V, Flat, Tóm
[6] látr‑: láð‑ Holm2, R686ˣ, J1ˣ, J2ˣ, 68, 61, 325V, Bb, Flat, Tóm
gold
3.1.2. lair of the serpent (A3)
Sigv Lv 4^I
engis lúra
‘of the halibut of the meadow’ = SERPENT
the halibut of the meadow, → SERPENT

GKS 1008 fol: 101r/16
[7] engis: engan Holm2, 972ˣ, 68, 61, Tóm, Kˣ
[5] lúru: lundi 325V, Flat, Tóm
serpent, snake
1.1. fish or whale of the land (A1b)
Sigv Nesv 2^I
rein Róða
‘the strip of land of Róði’ = SEA
the strip of land of Róði. → SEA

GKS 1008 fol: 102r/18
[3] Róða: roðna Flat, Tóm
sea
2.1. land of the sea-king
Sigv Nesv 3^I
kennir frosts odda
‘the master of the frost of points’ = WARRIOR
the frost of points → BATTLE
the master of the BATTLE → WARRIOR

GKS 1008 fol: 102r/22
[3] frosts: ‘p̄tz’ Tóm
warrior
2.5.6. master of battle
Sigv Nesv 3^I
frost odda
‘of the frost of points’ = BATTLE
the frost of points → BATTLE

GKS 1008 fol: 102r/22
[3] frosts: ‘p̄tz’ Tóm
battle
1.3.1. frost of the weapon
Sigv Nesv 4^I
gnýr sverða
‘for the din of swords’ = BATTLE
for the din of swords, → BATTLE

GKS 1008 fol: 102r/24
battle
2.1.1. din of swords
Sigv Nesv 4^I
góðrar hríð gjóðs sigmána
‘for the good storm of the osprey of the battle-moon’ = BATTLE
the battle-moon, → SHIELD
the osprey of the SHIELD → RAVEN/EAGLE
for the good storm of the RAVEN/EAGLE → BATTLE

GKS 1008 fol: 102r/24
[1] ‑mána: mara 325V, Flat, Tóm
battle
1.2.7. shower of the bird of battlefield
Sigv Nesv 4^I
gjóðr sigmána
‘of the osprey of the battle-moon’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
the battle-moon, → SHIELD
the osprey of the SHIELD → RAVEN/EAGLE

GKS 1008 fol: 102r/24
[1] ‑mána: mara 325V, Flat, Tóm
raven/eagle
1.5. bird of the weapon (A2)
Sigv Nesv 4^I
sigmáni
‘of the battle-moon’ = SHIELD
the battle-moon, → SHIELD

GKS 1008 fol: 102r/24
[1] ‑mána: mara 325V, Flat, Tóm
shield
1.02. circular object of battle
Sigv Nesv 7^I
greiðandi gnýs serks Gǫndlar
‘suppliers of the din of the shirt of Gǫndul’ = WARRIORS
the shirt of Gǫndul, → MAIL-SHIRT
the din of the MAIL-SHIRT → BATTLE
suppliers of the BATTLE → WARRIORS

GKS 1008 fol: 102r/30
[2] Gǫndlar: ‘gaunnla’ Tóm
warrior
2.5.2. wager of battle
Sigv Nesv 7^I
gnýr serks Gǫndlar
‘of the din of the shirt of Gǫndul’ = BATTLE
the shirt of Gǫndul, → MAIL-SHIRT
the din of the MAIL-SHIRT → BATTLE

GKS 1008 fol: 102r/30
[2] Gǫndlar: ‘gaunnla’ Tóm
battle
2.2.2. din of the mail-coat
Sigv Nesv 7^I
serkr Gǫndlar
‘of the shirt of Gǫndul’ = MAIL-SHIRT
the shirt of Gǫndul, → MAIL-SHIRT

GKS 1008 fol: 102r/30
[2] Gǫndlar: ‘gaunnla’ Tóm
mail-coat
1.4. garment of the valkyrie
Sigv Nesv 7^I
jór strengjar
‘the horse of the rope’ = SHIP
the horse of the rope, → SHIP

GKS 1008 fol: 102r/30
[6] strengjar: stengjar Tóm
ship, boat
1.2.1.1. horse of the ship
Sigv Nesv 7^I
kveðja malma
‘the greeting of metal weapons’ = BATTLE
the greeting of metal weapons, → BATTLE

GKS 1008 fol: 102r/30
battle
6.06. greeting of weapons
Sigv Nesv 9^I
hljóms hringmiðlandi
‘sword-sharers of clamour’ = WARRIORS
the sword-clamour. → BATTLE
to the sharers of the BATTLE → WARRIORS

GKS 1008 fol: 102r/36
[3] hljóms: hljóm Holm2, R686ˣ, 972ˣ, J1ˣ, J2ˣ, 325VI, 75a, 78aˣ, 68, 61, 325VII, Bb, Flat, Tóm
warrior
2.5.2.8. distributor of battle
Sigv Nesv 9^I
hljómr hring
‘of the sword-clamour’ = BATTLE
the sword-clamour. → BATTLE

GKS 1008 fol: 102r/36
[3] hljóms: hljóm Holm2, R686ˣ, 972ˣ, J1ˣ, J2ˣ, 325VI, 75a, 78aˣ, 68, 61, 325VII, Bb, Flat, Tóm
battle
2.1.1. din of swords
Sigv Nesv 9^I
svǫrr blóðs
‘the bird of blood’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
the bird of blood → RAVEN/EAGLE

GKS 1008 fol: 102r/36
[7] svǫrr: svart Tóm
[7] blóðs: bráð 325V, 325VII, Tóm
raven/eagle
1.2. bird of blood (A2)
Sigv Nesv 9^I
gunnsylgr
‘a battle-draught’ = BLOOD
a battle-draught. → BLOOD

GKS 1008 fol: 102r/36
blood
1.4. liquid of battle (A2)
Sigv Nesv 10^I
svǫrtum gjóðr Yggs
‘for the black osprey of Yggr’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
for the black osprey of Yggr. → RAVEN/EAGLE

GKS 1008 fol: 102r/43
[5] gjóði: góði Tóm
raven
1.1. bird of Óðinn (A2)
Bersi Ólfl 1^I
þenna hagkennandi hróðrs
‘this skilled conveyor of praise’ = POET = me
this skilled conveyor of praise → POET = me

GKS 1008 fol: 102v/7
poet
2.03. master of poetry
Bersi Ólfl 1^I
snarrœkir gunnar
‘to the keen cultivator of battle’ = WARRIOR = you, Óláfr
to the keen cultivator of battle. → WARRIOR = you, Óláfr

GKS 1008 fol: 102v/7
[3] snarrœki: svaraði Tóm
warrior
2.5.2.4. carer of battle
Bersi Ólfl 1^I
kynstórs boði elda úthauðrs knarrar
‘to the kin-mighty offerer of the fires of the outlying land of the ship’ = GENEROUS MAN = you, Óláfr
the outlying land of the ship → SEA
the fires of the SEA → GOLD
to the kin-mighty offerer of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN = you, Óláfr

GKS 1008 fol: 102v/7
[8] ‑stórs: ‑stór 61, Holm4, 325VII, Flat, Tóm
[6] boða: bjóða Tóm
[7] knarrar: knarra Tóm
generous man
2.7. envoy of wealth
Bersi Ólfl 1^I
eldr úthauðrs knarrar
‘of the fires of the outlying land of the ship’ = GOLD
the outlying land of the ship → SEA
the fires of the SEA → GOLD

GKS 1008 fol: 102v/7
[7] knarrar: knarra Tóm
gold
1.1.1. fire of the sea (A1)
Bersi Ólfl 1^I
úthauðr knarrar
‘of the outlying land of the ship’ = SEA
the outlying land of the ship → SEA

GKS 1008 fol: 102v/7
[7] knarrar: knarra Tóm
sea
4.1. land of the ship
Bersi Ólfl 1^I
viðr brynju
‘the tree of the mail-shirt’ = WARRIOR = you, Óláfr
the tree of the mail-shirt. → WARRIOR = you, Óláfr

GKS 1008 fol: 102v/7
[8] at við: á vit 73aˣ, 68, 61, 325VII, Bb, Flat, Tóm
warrior
1.2.2. tree of the mail-coat
Bersi Ólfl 2^I
bjartar svaltunga rekninga
‘bright, cool tongues of swords’ = SWORD BLADES
bright, cool tongues of swords → SWORD BLADES

GKS 1008 fol: 102v/9
[2] bjartar: ‘harta’ Tóm
[2] rekninga: ‘rækinga’ 325V, 325VII, Flat, Tóm
sword blade
1.1. tongue of the sword
Bersi Ólfl 2^I
riðboði hæsts elgs hranna
‘a riding offerer of the tallest elk of the waves’ = SEAFARER
the tallest elk of the waves, → SHIP
a riding offerer of the SHIP → SEAFARER

GKS 1008 fol: 102v/9
[6] rið‑: hríð Kˣ, 68, 325VII, Flat, Tóm
[7] hæsts: hest 75a, 325V, Flat, Tóm
seafarer
1.1.07. offerer of the ship
Bersi Ólfl 2^I
hæsts elgr hranna
‘of the tallest elk of the waves’ = SHIP
the tallest elk of the waves, → SHIP

GKS 1008 fol: 102v/9
[7] hæsts: hest 75a, 325V, Flat, Tóm
ship, boat
1.1.2. wild animal of the sea
Bersi Ólfl 3^I
sveigir linns sára
‘swinger of the snake of wounds’ = WARRIOR
the snake of wounds, → SWORD
Swinger of the SWORD → WARRIOR

GKS 1008 fol: 102v/10
warrior
1.7.10. bender of the weapon
Bersi Ólfl 3^I
linnr sára
‘of the snake of wounds’ = SWORD
the snake of wounds, → SWORD

GKS 1008 fol: 102v/10
sword
2.2. snake of the wound
Bersi Ólfl 3^I
ólítinn andr Áta
‘a not small ski of Áti’ = SHIP
a not small ski of Áti → SHIP

GKS 1008 fol: 102v/10
[4] ǫndur: endr Flat, Tóm
[3] Áta: úti Holm2, R686ˣ, J1ˣ, J2ˣ, 325VI, 75a, 68, 61, Holm4, 325V, 325VII, Bb, Flat, Tóm
ship, boat
2.2. ski of the sea-king
Bersi Ólfl 3^I
heiðmildr herstefnir
‘reward-generous army commander’ = RULER
reward-generous army commander, → RULER

GKS 1008 fol: 102v/10
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
3.1. commander of the army
Sigv Nesv 11^I
harða margr morðárr
‘very many a battle-envoy’ = WARRIOR
very many a battle-envoy, → WARRIOR

GKS 1008 fol: 102v/29
warrior
2.5.2.1. messenger of battle
Sigv Nesv 11^I
blakkr sunda
‘the dark steed of the sounds’ = SHIP
the dark steed of the sounds → SHIP

GKS 1008 fol: 102v/29
[5] sunda: so R686ˣ, 972ˣ, J1ˣ, J2ˣ, 325VI, 75a, 73aˣ, 78aˣ, 68, 61, Holm4, 325V, 325VII, Flat, Tóm
ship, boat
1.1.1.1. horse of the sea
Sigv Nesv 12^I
fold skers
‘the land of the skerry’ = SEA
the land of the skerry. → SEA

GKS 1008 fol: 102v/31
[7] skers: ‘skœ̨r’ Tóm
sea
5.1. land of the sea
Sigv Nesv 14^I
þenna sendir þilblakks
‘this launcher of the plank-horse’ = SEAFARER = Óláfr
the plank-horse → SHIP
this launcher of the SHIP → SEAFARER = Óláfr

GKS 1008 fol: 102v/34
[4] þilblakks: þvílíks Tóm
seafarer
1.1.01.5. sender of the ship
Sigv Nesv 14^I
þilblakkr
‘of the plank-horse’ = SHIP
the plank-horse → SHIP

GKS 1008 fol: 102v/34
[4] þilblakks: þvílíks Tóm
ship, boat
1.2.1.1. horse of the ship
Sigv Nesv 14^I
frør hrælinns
‘the frost of the corpse-snake’ = BATTLE
the corpse-snake. → SWORD
the frost of the SWORD → BATTLE

GKS 1008 fol: 102v/34
[7] frør: ‘fros’ Tóm
[6] ‑linns: ‑linn 75a, 68, 61, Flat, Tóm
battle
1.3.1. frost of the weapon
Sigv Nesv 14^I
hrælinnr
‘of the corpse-snake’ = SWORD
the corpse-snake. → SWORD

GKS 1008 fol: 102v/34
[6] ‑linns: ‑linn 75a, 68, 61, Flat, Tóm
sword
2.5. snake of the corpse
Sigv Óldr 1^I
loptbyggvir eykja unnar
‘loft-inhabitant of the draught-animals of the wave’ = SEAFARER
the draught-animals of the wave, → SHIPS
the loft of SHIPS → AFTER-DECK
Inhabitant of the AFTER-DECK → SEAFARER

GKS 1008 fol: 103r/42
[1] ‑byggvir: so J1ˣ, J2ˣ, Holm2, R686ˣ, 325VI, 321ˣ, 78aˣ, 68, Holm4, 325V, 325VII, Bb, Flat, Tóm
seafarer
1.1.05. inhabitant of the ship
Sigv Óldr 1^I
lofteykja unnar
‘of the loft of the draught-animals of the wave’ = AFTER-DECK
the draught-animals of the wave, → SHIPS
the loft of SHIPS → AFTER-DECK

GKS 1008 fol: 103r/42
after-deck
1. loft of the ship
Sigv Óldr 1^I
eykr unnar
‘of the draught-animals of the wave’ = SHIPS
the draught-animals of the wave, → SHIPS

GKS 1008 fol: 103r/42
ship, boat
1.1.1.2. other working animal of the sea
Sigv Lv 5^I
íss gunnrjóðr
‘war-reddener of ice’ = WARRIOR
war-ice, → SWORD
reddener of the SWORD → WARRIOR

GKS 1008 fol: 106r/38
[6] íss: ís Holm2, 325V, 972ˣ, J2ˣ, 325VI, 75a, 78aˣ, 68, Holm4, 75c, 325VII, Flat, Tóm, Bb
[8] ‑rjóðr: ‑rjóðs Tóm
warrior
1.7.03. stainer of the weapon
Sigv Lv 5^I
íss gunn
‘of war-ice’ = SWORD
war-ice, → SWORD

GKS 1008 fol: 106r/38
[6] íss: ís Holm2, 325V, 972ˣ, J2ˣ, 325VI, 75a, 78aˣ, 68, Holm4, 75c, 325VII, Flat, Tóm, Bb
sword
3.1. ice of battle
Sigv Austv 9^I
vísi strinda
‘of the ruler of the strindir’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr
the ruler of the Strindir → NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr

GKS 1008 fol: 106r/40
[4] Strinda: Strindar Holm2, 325V, R686ˣ, 972ˣ, 325VI, 75a, 73aˣ, 78aˣ, 75c, 325VII, Flat, Tóm, Bb
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians
Sigv Austv 9^I
hestr kafs
‘the horse of the deep’ = SHIP
The horse of the deep → SHIP

GKS 1008 fol: 106r/40
[5] kafs: kapps Holm2, 325VI, 78aˣ, 68, Tóm, Bb
ship, boat
1.1.1.1. horse of the sea
Sigv Austv 9^I
men Lista
‘the necklace of Lista’ = SEA
the necklace of Lista → SEA

GKS 1008 fol: 106r/40
[6] men: haf Holm2, 325V, R686ˣ, 972ˣ, 325VI, 75a, 73aˣ, 78aˣ, 68, 61, 75c, 325VII, Flat, Tóm, Bb
sea
1.3. necklace of the land
Sigv Austv 10^I
hestr Ekkils
‘the horses of Ekkill’ = SHIPS
the horses of Ekkill → SHIPS

GKS 1008 fol: 106v/1
[7] Ekkils: ekkjur 325V, R686ˣ, 325VI, 75a, 73aˣ, 78aˣ, 61, Holm4, 75c, Flat, Tóm
ship, boat
1.3.1.1. horse of the sea-king
Sigv Austv 10^I
mór hagþorns
‘the hawthorn’s moor’ = LAND
the hawthorn’s moor; → LAND

GKS 1008 fol: 106v/1
[6] hag‑: haf‑ 68, 61, 75c, Flat, Tóm
[6] ‑þorns: ‘‑þors’ Tóm
earth, land
1.3. water-body of the shrub
Ótt Hfl 17^I
lýtandi branda folds ifla
‘harmer of the flames of the land of the hawk’ = GENEROUS MAN = Óláfr
the land of the hawk, → HAND
the flames of the HAND → GOLD
Harmer of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN = Óláfr

GKS 1008 fol: 108r/33
[4] folds: fold 325VII, Flat, Tóm
generous man
1.01.1. destroyer of gold
Ótt Hfl 17^I
brandr folds ifla
‘of the flames of the land of the hawk’ = GOLD
the land of the hawk, → HAND
the flames of the HAND → GOLD

GKS 1008 fol: 108r/33
[4] folds: fold 325VII, Flat, Tóm
gold
2.1.1. fire of the arm/hand (A1)
Ótt Hfl 17^I
fold ifla
‘of the land of the hawk’ = HAND
the land of the hawk, → HAND

GKS 1008 fol: 108r/33
[4] folds: fold 325VII, Flat, Tóm
arm, hand
1.1.1. land of the bird of prey (A3)
Ótt Hfl 17^I
herskorðandi
‘army-supporter’ = RULER
Army-supporter, → RULER

GKS 1008 fol: 108r/33
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
3.3. supporter of the army
Ótt Hfl 18^I
þreytir bǫðvar
‘wager of battle’ = WARRIOR
Wager of battle, → WARRIOR

GKS 1008 fol: 108r/35
warrior
2.5.2. wager of battle
Ótt Hfl 18^I
rjóðr branda
‘reddener of swords’ = WARRIOR
reddener of swords, → WARRIOR

GKS 1008 fol: 108r/35
warrior
1.7.03. stainer of the weapon
Ótt Hfl 18^I
orðreyr
‘the word-reed’ = TONGUE
the word-reed → TONGUE

GKS 1008 fol: 108r/35
tongue
1.3. reed of speech (A1b)
Ótt Hfl 19^I
engr þrøngvir elda Gǫndlar
‘no forcer of the fires of Gǫndul’ = WARRIOR
the fires of Gǫndul → SWORDS
no forcer of SWORDS → WARRIOR

GKS 1008 fol: 108r/37
[7] engr: ungr Tóm
[6] Gǫndlar: ‘gaunnlar’ Tóm
warrior
1.7.02.4. oppressor of the weapon
Ótt Hfl 19^I
eldr Gǫndlar
‘of the fires of Gǫndul’ = SWORDS
the fires of Gǫndul → SWORDS

GKS 1008 fol: 108r/37
[6] Gǫndlar: ‘gaunnlar’ Tóm
sword
1.1.06. fire of the valkyrie
Sigv Lv 6^I
viðr hjalmdrífu
‘the tree of the helmet-storm’ = WARRIOR
the helmet-storm → BATTLE
the tree of the BATTLE → WARRIOR

GKS 1008 fol: 113r/25
[6] viðr: gramr Flat, Tóm
[6] ‑drífu: ‑drifi Holm2, R686ˣ, 972ˣ, J2ˣ, 75c, Flat, Tóm, Bb
warrior
2.1. tree of battle
Sigv Lv 6^I
hjalmdrífa
‘of the helmet-storm’ = BATTLE
the helmet-storm → BATTLE

GKS 1008 fol: 113r/25
[6] ‑drífu: ‑drifi Holm2, R686ˣ, 972ˣ, J2ˣ, 75c, Flat, Tóm, Bb
battle
1.2.2.1. shower of helmets
Sigv Austv 2^I
herr hauga
‘the host of burial mounds’ = TROLLS
the host of burial mounds → TROLLS

GKS 1008 fol: 113r/31
[5] hauga: hauka Tóm
troll
1.1. troop of the grave
Sigv Austv 2^I
hrútr húms
‘the ram of the sea’ = SHIP
the ram of the sea; → SHIP

GKS 1008 fol: 113r/31
[7] hrúti: hrauti Tóm
[7] húms: heims Holm2, R686ˣ, 972ˣ, 325VI, 75a, 68, Holm4, 75c, 325VII, Flat, Tóm, Kˣ, Bb
ship, boat
1.1.1.2. other working animal of the sea
Sigv Austv 6^I
þollr heinflets
‘the firs of the whetstone-platform’ = MEN
the whetstone-platform → SWORD
the firs of the SWORD → MEN

GKS 1008 fol: 113v/1
warrior
1.1.1. tree of the sword
Sigv Austv 6^I
heinflet
‘of the whetstone-platform’ = SWORD
the whetstone-platform → SWORD

GKS 1008 fol: 113v/1
sword
8.2. place of the whetstone
Sigv Austv 6^I
hlœðir hafskíðs
‘loader of the ocean-ski’ = SEAFARER
the ocean-ski → SHIP
loader of the SHIP → SEAFARER

GKS 1008 fol: 113v/1
[6] ‑skíðs: ‑skíð R686ˣ, Tóm
seafarer
1.1.04. loader of the ship
Sigv Austv 6^I
hafskíð
‘of the ocean-ski’ = SHIP
the ocean-ski → SHIP

GKS 1008 fol: 113v/1
[6] ‑skíðs: ‑skíð R686ˣ, Tóm
ship, boat
2.1. ski of the sea
Sigv Austv 7^I
brjótr bliks bôru
‘a breaker of the gleam of the wave’ = GENEROUS MAN
the gleam of the wave, → GOLD
a breaker of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

GKS 1008 fol: 113v/4
generous man
1.02.1. breaker of gold
Sigv Austv 7^I
blik bôru
‘of the gleam of the wave’ = GOLD
the gleam of the wave, → GOLD

GKS 1008 fol: 113v/4
gold
1.2. gleam, shine of waters (A1)
Sigv Austv 7^I
gætir grefs
‘the minder of the hoe’ = FARMER
The minder of the hoe → FARMER

GKS 1008 fol: 113v/4
[5] gætir: gættir Tóm
farmer
2. guardian of the hoe
Sigv Austv 13^I
gramr sygna
‘of the lord of the sygnir’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr
the lord of the Sygnir, → NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr

GKS 1008 fol: 113v/9
[3] Sygna: Sygni Tóm
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians
Sigv Austv 13^I
nýtr vǫrðr Nóregs
‘the able guardian of Norway’ = Óláfr
the able guardian of Norway → Óláfr

GKS 1008 fol: 113v/9
[8] Nóregs: ‘norígs’ Tóm
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
2.1. guardian of Norway
Sigv Austv 14^I
þrýstir jǫfra
‘the compeller of princes’ = RULER = Rǫgnvaldr
the compeller of princes; → RULER = Rǫgnvaldr

GKS 1008 fol: 113v/12
[3] jǫfra: ‘jufra’ Tóm
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
2.5. destroyer of princes
Sigv Austv 14^I
runnr dýrloga bekkjar hlunns
‘the bushes of the precious flame of the bench of the launcher’ = MEN
the bench of the launcher → SEA
the precious flame of the SEA → GOLD
the bushes of the GOLD → MEN

GKS 1008 fol: 113v/12
[8] dýrloga: dýrliga 61, 325VII, Flat, Tóm
male, man
1.1. tree of gold
Sigv Austv 14^I
dýrlogi bekkjar hlunns
‘of the precious flame of the bench of the launcher’ = GOLD
the bench of the launcher → SEA
the precious flame of the SEA → GOLD

GKS 1008 fol: 113v/12
[8] dýrloga: dýrliga 61, 325VII, Flat, Tóm
gold
1.1.1. fire of the sea (A1)
Sigv Austv 14^I
bekkr hlunns
‘of the bench of the launcher’ = SEA
the bench of the launcher → SEA

GKS 1008 fol: 113v/12
sea
4.4. dwelling of the ship
Sigv Austv 15^I
mjǫð-Nanna
‘mead-Nanna’ = WOMAN
mead-Nanna. → WOMAN

GKS 1008 fol: 113v/15
[5] Nanna: Nannan Holm2, 325V, R686ˣ, 972ˣ, J2ˣ, 325VI, 75a, 73aˣ, 68, 61, Holm4, 325VII, Tóm, Kˣ, Bb
female, woman
6.1. female mythical being of drink (B2b)
Sigv Austv 16^I
svanr bens
‘the swan of the wound’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
the swan of the wound, → RAVEN/EAGLE

GKS 1008 fol: 113v/26
raven/eagle
1.4. bird of the wound (A2)
Sigv Austv 1^I
andr svanvangs
‘the skis of the swan-plain’ = SHIPS
the swan-plain → SEA
the skis of the SEA → SHIPS

GKS 1008 fol: 113v/29
[8] ‑vangs: ‑fangs 68, 61, 325VII, Flat, Tóm
ship, boat
2.1. ski of the sea
Sigv Austv 1^I
svanvangr
‘of the swan-plain’ = SEA
the swan-plain → SEA

GKS 1008 fol: 113v/29
[8] ‑vangs: ‑fangs 68, 61, 325VII, Flat, Tóm
sea
6.1. land of the aquatic bird
Sigv Austv 17^I
vǫrðr malma
‘guardian of metal weapons’ = WARRIOR = Óláfr
guardian of metal weapons; → WARRIOR = Óláfr

GKS 1008 fol: 113v/32
[6] vǫrðr: so 325V, Tóm, Bb
warrior
1.7.11. guardian of the weapon
Sigv Austv 18^I
nefi jarla
‘the kinsman of jarls’ = JARL = ? Rǫgnvaldr
The kinsman of jarls → JARL = ? Rǫgnvaldr

GKS 1008 fol: 113v/34
jarl
3. relative of the jarl
Sigv Austv 18^I
søkkvir sólar Rínar
‘sinker of the sun of the Rhine’ = GENEROUS MAN
the sun of the Rhine, → GOLD
sinker of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

GKS 1008 fol: 113v/34
[1] søkkvir: sóknar Tóm
generous man
. sinker of gold
Sigv Austv 18^I
sól Rínar
‘of the sun of the Rhine’ = GOLD
the sun of the Rhine, → GOLD

GKS 1008 fol: 113v/34
gold
1.3. heavenly body of waters (A1)
Sigv Austv 18^I
þengill Lista
‘prince of Lista’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr
prince of Lista, → NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr

GKS 1008 fol: 113v/34
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.2. ruler of Norway
Sigv Austv 19^I
ætt Eireks
‘the kinsman of Eiríkr’ = Sveinn
the kinsman of Eiríkr → Sveinn

GKS 1008 fol: 113v/36
Sveinn jarl Hákonarson (r. c. 1000-c. 1015)
2. relative of Eiríkr jarl Hákonarson
Sigv Austv 19^I
frændi jarla
‘of the jarls’ kinsman’ = Eilífr
the jarls’ kinsman, → Eilífr

GKS 1008 fol: 113v/36
Eilífr Rǫgnvaldsson
. relative of the jarls
Sigv Austv 19^I
bróðir Ulfs
‘Úlfr’s brother’ = Eilífr
Úlfr’s brother, → Eilífr

GKS 1008 fol: 113v/36
Eilífr Rǫgnvaldsson
. brother of Úlfr
Sigv Austv 20^I
rýrir aldar þjófa
‘destroyer of the race of thieves’ = JUST RULER = Óláfr
destroyer of the race of thieves, → JUST RULER = Óláfr

GKS 1008 fol: 113v/38
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
4.1. destroyer of evildoers
Sigv Austv 21^I
kennir þinga
‘master of assemblies’ = RULER
master of assemblies, → RULER

GKS 1008 fol: 114r/17
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
. master of assemblies
Ólhelg Lv 8^I
góðlôt Gefn slóðar vala
‘the courteous Gefn of the track of falcons’ = WOMAN
the track of falcons, → ARM
The courteous Gefn of the ARM → WOMAN

GKS 1008 fol: 114v/8
[5] Gefn: gefit Tóm
[6] slóðar: slóðir Tóm
female, woman
12.1. female mythical being of arm/hand (B2b)
Ólhelg Lv 8^I
slóð vala
‘of the track of falcons’ = ARM
the track of falcons, → ARM

GKS 1008 fol: 114v/8
[6] slóðar: slóðir Tóm
arm, hand
1.1.3. path of the bird of prey (A3)
Arn Þorfdr 5^II
hregg hjalma
‘the storm of helmets’ = BATTLE
the storm of helmets; → BATTLE

GKS 1008 fol: 116v
battle
1.1.2.1. storm/wind of helmets
Arn Þorfdr 5^II
fetrjóðr Hugins
‘the foot-reddener of Huginn’ = WARRIOR
the foot-reddener of Huginn → WARRIOR

GKS 1008 fol: 116v
warrior
3.1.03. stainer of the bird of battlefield
Arn Þorfdr 5^II
skýrann
‘the cloud-hall’ = SKY/HEAVEN
the cloud-hall → SKY/HEAVEN

GKS 1008 fol: 116v
sky/heaven
1.4. house of the cloud
Arn Þorfdr 5^II
hlýri Einars
‘Einarr’s brother’ = Þorfinnr
Einarr’s brother → Þorfinnr

GKS 1008 fol: 116v
Þorfinnr Sigurðarson
1.3. brother of Einarr rangmuðr
Arn Þorfdr 23^II
hringstríðir
‘the ring-harmer’ = GENEROUS RULER
the ring-harmer → GENEROUS RULER

GKS 1008 fol: 119r
[1] Hringstríði: Hringstríðr 73aˣ, Tóm
generous man
1.01.2. destroyer of rings
Sigv Erl 1^I
einn annan Jalks bríktǫpuðr
‘plank-destroyer of Jálkr’ = WARRIOR
the plank of Jálkr → SHIELD
[only] one other destroyer of the SHIELD → WARRIOR

GKS 1008 fol: 120v/32
[2] ‑tǫpuð: ‘taup̄’ Tóm
warrior
1.7.02. destroyer of the weapon
Sigv Erl 1^I
Jalks brík
‘of the plank of Jálkr’ = SHIELD
the plank of Jálkr → SHIELD

GKS 1008 fol: 120v/32
shield
3.5. board of Óðinn
Sigv Erl 1^I
gætir gumna
‘the protector of men’ = RULER = Guðbrandr
the protector of men → RULER = Guðbrandr

GKS 1008 fol: 120v/32
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
1.3. guardian of people
Sigv Erl 1^I
hati ormláðs
‘hater of the snake-land’ = GENEROUS MAN = Erlingr
the snake-land; → GOLD
hater of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN = Erlingr

GKS 1008 fol: 120v/32
generous man
1.06. hater of wealth
Sigv Erl 1^I
ormláð
‘of the snake-land’ = GOLD
the snake-land; → GOLD

GKS 1008 fol: 120v/32
gold
3.1.1. land of the serpent (A3)
Sigv Erl 1^I
hinn lægir linnsetrs
‘the diminisher of the serpent-abode’ = GENEROUS MAN
the serpent-abode → GOLD
the diminisher of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

GKS 1008 fol: 120v/32
generous man
. debaser of wealth
Sigv Erl 1^I
linnsetr
‘of the serpent-abode’ = GOLD
the serpent-abode → GOLD

GKS 1008 fol: 120v/32
gold
3.1.2. lair of the serpent (A3)
Ótt Hfl 1^I
glaðnistandi garms Gauta
‘the glad feeder of the hound of Gauti’ = WARRIOR = Óláfr Eiríksson
the hound of Gauti. → WOLF
the glad feeder of the WOLF → WARRIOR = Óláfr Eiríksson

GKS 1008 fol: 122r/30
[6] ‑nistanda: ‘sistanda’ Tóm, 761bˣ
[5] garms: grams Tóm, 761bˣ
warrior
3.2.1. feeder of the wolf
Ótt Hfl 1^I
garmr Gauta
‘of the hound of Gauti’ = WOLF
the hound of Gauti. → WOLF

GKS 1008 fol: 122r/30
[5] garms: grams Tóm, 761bˣ
wolf
5. dog of Óðinn (A2)
Ótt Lv 1^I
hrǫnduðr alinbranda
‘the distributor of arm-flames’ = GENEROUS MAN = Óláfr
arm-flames, → GOLD
the distributor of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN = Óláfr

GKS 1008 fol: 122v/5
[2] hrǫnduðr (‘hrandꜳdr’): handleggjar Tóm
[2] alin‑: Týr Tóm
generous man
Ótt Lv 1^I
alinbrandr
‘of arm-flames’ = GOLD
arm-flames, → GOLD

GKS 1008 fol: 122v/5
[2] alin‑: Týr Tóm
gold
2.1.1. fire of the arm/hand (A1)
Ótt Lv 1^I
stjóri markar
‘the ruler of the forest’ = TREE
The ruler of the forest → TREE

GKS 1008 fol: 122v/5
tree
. ruler of the forest
Ótt Lv 1^I
vísi mikils íslands
‘sovereign of the great ice-land’ = RULER
the great ice-land. → SEA
sovereign of the SEA → RULER

GKS 1008 fol: 122v/5
[8] vísi: vísir 73aˣ, 71ˣ, 76aˣ, Tóm
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
Ótt Lv 1^I
mikils ísland
‘of the great ice-land’ = SEA
the great ice-land. → SEA

GKS 1008 fol: 122v/5
sea
5.1. land of the sea
Sigv Lv 19^I
inn vitri, móðrakkr bróðir Haralds
‘the wise, mind-bold brother of Haraldr’ = Óláfr
The wise, mind-bold brother of Haraldr → Óláfr

GKS 1008 fol: 122v/9
[8] ‑rakkr: ‘‑íackr’ Tóm
Óláfr II inn helgi Haraldsson (r. c. 1015-1030)
1.3. brother of Haraldr harðráði Sigurðarson
Ótt Lv 3^I
Nauma hornstraums
‘with a Nauma of the horn-stream’ = WOMAN
the horn-stream → ALE
with a Nauma of the ALE → WOMAN

GKS 1008 fol: 122v/14
[8] Naumu: nômu Tóm
[8] horn‑: harm‑ Tóm
female, woman
6.1. female mythical being of drink (B2b)
Ótt Lv 3^I
hornstraumr
‘of the horn-stream’ = ALE
the horn-stream → ALE

GKS 1008 fol: 122v/14
[8] horn‑: harm‑ Tóm
alcoholic drink
1. liquid of the drink container
Sigv ErfÓl 3^I
fiskr lyngs
‘the fish of the heather’ = SNAKE
The fish of the heather → SNAKE

GKS 1008 fol: 137r/19
serpent, snake
1.1. fish or whale of the land (A1b)
Sigv ErfÓl 3^I
flugstyggs sonr Tryggva
‘of the flight-shunning son of Tryggvi’ = Óláfr Tryggvason
the flight-shunning son of Tryggvi → Óláfr Tryggvason

GKS 1008 fol: 137r/19
[2] ‑styggs: styggr Tóm
Óláfr I Tryggvason (r. c. 995-c. 1000)
1.1. descendant of Tryggvi Óláfsson
Anon (ÓH) 1^I
unnheimr
‘the wave-world’ = SEA
the wave-world → SEA

GKS 1008 fol: 137r/29
[4] unnheim: so papp18ˣ, Holm2, 68, Holm4, 61, 325V, 325VII, Tóm
sea
5.3. abode of the sea
Sigv Knútdr 3^I
ætt Haralds
‘the descendant of Haraldr’ = Óláfr
the descendant of Haraldr → Óláfr

GKS 1008 fol: 137v/2
[2] ætt: rétt 73aˣ, 325VII, Tóm
Óláfr II inn helgi Haraldsson (r. c. 1015-1030)
1.1. descendant of Haraldr inn grenski
Sigv Knútdr 3^I
lýrgata
‘the pollack-path’ = SEA
the pollack-path → SEA

GKS 1008 fol: 137v/2
[5] lýr‑: so Holm2, J2ˣ, 321ˣ, 73aˣ, 68, Tóm
[5] ‑gǫtu: gota 325V, 325VII, Tóm
sea
3.2. path of the aquatic animal
Sigv Vestv 2^I
stillir Jóta
‘the ruler of the Jótar’ = DANISH KING = Knútr
the ruler of the Jótar; → DANISH KING = Knútr

GKS 1008 fol: 137v/14
[1] Jóta: ‘iata’ 73aˣ, Tóm
Danish king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Danes
Sigv Vestv 2^I
áttungr Gorms
‘the descendant of Gormr’ = DANISH KING = Knútr
the descendant of Gormr → DANISH KING = Knútr

GKS 1008 fol: 137v/14
Danish king, ruler, jarl
2. relative of a Danish king
Sigv Vestv 4^I
kyn Eireks
‘Eiríkr’s kin’ = Hákon
Eiríkr’s kin → Hákon

GKS 1008 fol: 137v/20
Hákon jarl Eiríksson (r. c. 1014-c. 1015)
1. descendant of Eiríkr jarl Hákonarson
Sigv Knútdr 7^I
fríðr, fráneygr niðr fylkis dana
‘the handsome, bright-eyed descendant of the ruler of the danes’ = Knútr
the ruler of the Danes. → Sveinn
the handsome, bright-eyed descendant of SVEINN → Knútr

GKS 1008 fol: 137v/27
[3] fríðr: ‘fidur’ Tóm
Knútr inn ríki Sveinsson (r. 1014-1035)
Sigv Knútdr 7^I
fylkir dana
‘of the ruler of the danes’ = Sveinn
the ruler of the Danes. → Sveinn

GKS 1008 fol: 137v/27
Danish king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Danes
Sigv Knútdr 7^I
andskoti aðalráðs
‘the enemy of æthelred’ = Knútr
the enemy of Æthelred → Knútr

GKS 1008 fol: 137v/27
Knútr inn ríki Sveinsson (r. 1014-1035)
5. enemy of Æthelred
Sigv Knútdr 6^I
hlǫðr dana
‘the feller of the danes’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr
the feller of the Danes → NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr

GKS 1008 fol: 138r/30
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
5. killer of the Danes
Sigv Knútdr 9^I
jǫfurr Jótlands
‘the lord of Jutland’ = DANISH KING = Knútr
the lord of Jutland → DANISH KING = Knútr

GKS 1008 fol: 138r/39
Danish king, ruler, jarl
1.2. ruler of Denmark
Sigv Knútdr 9^I
hlífskjǫldr dana
‘the protecting shield of the danes’ = DANISH KING = Knútr
The protecting shield of the Danes → DANISH KING = Knútr

GKS 1008 fol: 138r/39
Danish king, ruler, jarl
5. shield of Danish people
Ótt Knútdr 11^I
mikla beita ulfs
‘much wolf’s food’ = CORPSES
much wolf’s food, → CORPSES

GKS 1008 fol: 138v/22
corpse, slain
1.2. food of the wolf
Ótt Knútdr 11^I
ýgr stafr ógnar
‘fierce staff of battle’ = WARRIOR
Fierce staff of battle, → WARRIOR

GKS 1008 fol: 138v/22
[8] ýgr: ungr Tóm
[7] stafr: starf Bb, Tóm, 68
warrior
2.2. stave of battle
ÞSjár Róðdr 1^I
dróttinn egða
‘lord of the egðir’ = NORWEGIAN KING
lord of the Egðir, → NORWEGIAN KING

GKS 1008 fol: 138v/24
[1] dróttinn: om. Tóm
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians
ÞSjár Róðdr 1^I
þrima stála
‘a clash of swords’ = BATTLE
a clash of swords → BATTLE

GKS 1008 fol: 138v/24
[2] þrimu: þrumu Kˣ, Flat, Tóm
battle
2.1. din of weapons
ÞSjár Róðdr 1^I
ágætan ǫðlingr Jóta
‘the splendid ruler of the Jótar’ = DANISH KING = Knútr
the splendid ruler of the Jótar, → DANISH KING = Knútr

GKS 1008 fol: 138v/24
Danish king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Danes
ÞSjár Róðdr 1^I
gramr Skônunga
‘the sovereign of the Skônungar’ = DANISH KING = Knútr
The sovereign of the Skônungar → DANISH KING = Knútr

GKS 1008 fol: 138v/24
Danish king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Danes
ÞSjár Róðdr 1^I
sonr Sveins
‘the son of Sveinn’ = Knútr
the son of Sveinn → Knútr

GKS 1008 fol: 138v/24
[7] sonr: son Tóm
Knútr inn ríki Sveinsson (r. 1014-1035)
1. son of Sveinn tjúguskegg
Þorm Lv 10^I
mǫrk fránǫluns
‘of the forest of the flashing fish’ = GOLD
the flashing fish. → SERPENT
the forest of the SERPENT → GOLD

GKS 1008 fol: 141r/15
[4] ‑ǫluns: Jǫkuls Tóm
gold
3.1.1. land of the serpent (A3)
Þorm Lv 10^I
fránǫlunn
‘of the flashing fish’ = SERPENT
the flashing fish. → SERPENT

GKS 1008 fol: 141r/15
[4] ‑ǫluns: Jǫkuls Tóm
serpent, snake
1.1. fish or whale of the land (A1b)
Þorm Lv 10^I
víðlendr myrðir varga
‘broad-landed destroyer of outlaws’ = RULER = Knútr
broad-landed destroyer of outlaws, → RULER = Knútr

GKS 1008 fol: 141r/15
[5] myrðir: myndir Tóm
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
4.1. destroyer of evildoers
Þorm Lv 11^I
fasti túna barðs
‘with the fire of the homesteads of the prow’ = GOLD
the homesteads of the prow → SEA
with the fire of the SEA → GOLD

GKS 1008 fol: 141r/17
[1] of sér hvé fasta: sjá hvat festa Tóm
[4] barðs: bars Tóm
gold
1.1.1. fire of the sea (A1)
Þorm Lv 11^I
tún barðs
‘of the homesteads of the prow’ = SEA
the homesteads of the prow → SEA

GKS 1008 fol: 141r/17
[4] barðs: bars Tóm
sea
4.1. land of the ship
Þorm Lv 11^I
eldr djúps
‘for the flame of the deep’ = GOLD
for the flame of the deep, → GOLD

GKS 1008 fol: 141r/17
gold
1.1.1. fire of the sea (A1)
Þorm Lv 15^I
hættinn happsœkjandi hreins branda
‘venturesome, fortunate attacker of the reindeer of stems’ = SEA-WARRIOR = Óláfr
the reindeer of stems, → SHIP
venturesome, fortunate attacker of the SHIP → SEA-WARRIOR = Óláfr

GKS 1008 fol: 141r/30
[1] hættinn: hættin Tóm
[2] happ‑ (‘hap’): hyrs Tóm
sea-warrior
2. attacker of the ship
Þorm Lv 15^I
hreinn branda
‘of the reindeer of stems’ = SHIP
the reindeer of stems, → SHIP

GKS 1008 fol: 141r/30
ship, boat
1.2.2. wild animal of the ship
Þorm Lv 15^I
ríkr rœkir linns randar
‘mighty keeper of the serpent of the shield’ = WARRIOR = Óláfr
the serpent of the shield; → SWORD
mighty keeper of the SWORD → WARRIOR = Óláfr

GKS 1008 fol: 141r/30
[6] linns: ‑lings Tóm
[6] randar: rann‑ Tóm
warrior
1.7.06. carer of the weapon
Þorm Lv 15^I
linnr randar
‘of the serpent of the shield’ = SWORD
the serpent of the shield; → SWORD

GKS 1008 fol: 141r/30
[6] linns: ‑lings Tóm
[6] randar: rann‑ Tóm
sword
2.3. snake of the shield
Þorm Lv 15^I
andr eybaugs
‘the skis of the island-ring’ = SHIPS
the island-ring. → SEA
the skis of the SEA → SHIPS

GKS 1008 fol: 141r/30
ship, boat
2.1. ski of the sea
Þorm Lv 15^I
eybaugr
‘of the island-ring’ = SEA
the island-ring. → SEA

GKS 1008 fol: 141r/30
sea
1.4. ring of the land
Hár Lv 1^I
lǫngum dynmarr láðs Rínleygs mínum
‘my long resounding steed of the land of Rhine-flame’ = SHIP
Rhine-flame, → GOLD
the land of the GOLD → SEA
my long resounding steed of the SEA → SHIP

GKS 1008 fol: 141v/3
[2] Rín‑: lín‑ Tóm
ship, boat
1.1.1.1. horse of the sea
Hár Lv 1^I
láð Rínleygs
‘of the land of Rhine-flame’ = SEA
Rhine-flame, → GOLD
the land of the GOLD → SEA

GKS 1008 fol: 141v/3
[2] Rín‑: lín‑ Tóm
sea
9.4. land of gold
Hár Lv 1^I
Rínleygr
‘of Rhine-flame’ = GOLD
Rhine-flame, → GOLD

GKS 1008 fol: 141v/3
[2] Rín‑: lín‑ Tóm
gold
9.1.3. light of the Rhine (A1)
Hár Lv 1^I
lundr leggfjǫturs
‘the grove of the limb-fetter’ = MAN
the limb-fetter, → ARM-RING
the grove of the ARM-RING → MAN

GKS 1008 fol: 141v/3
[5] legg‑: ‘laug‑’ Tóm
male, man
1.3. tree of rings
Hár Lv 1^I
leggfjǫturr
‘of the limb-fetter’ = ARM-RING
the limb-fetter, → ARM-RING

GKS 1008 fol: 141v/3
[5] legg‑: ‘laug‑’ Tóm
ring
1. band of the limb
Hár Lv 2^I
eik læbaugs
‘the oak of the deceit-ring’ = SHIP
the deceit-ring → SEA
the oak of the SEA → SHIP

GKS 1008 fol: 141v/20
ship, boat
3.1. tree of the sea
Hár Lv 2^I
læbaugr
‘of the deceit-ring’ = SEA
the deceit-ring → SEA

GKS 1008 fol: 141v/20
sea
15. unclear pattern
Hár Lv 2^I
Jǫrð flausts ifla
‘Jǫrð of the ship of the hawk’ = WOMAN
the ship of the hawk, → ARM
Jǫrð of the ARM → WOMAN

GKS 1008 fol: 141v/20
[6] flausts: flaustr 61, Tóm
[6] ifla: ‘Jfa laust’ Tóm
female, woman
12.1. female mythical being of arm/hand (B2b)
Hár Lv 2^I
flaustr ifla
‘of the ship of the hawk’ = ARM
the ship of the hawk, → ARM

GKS 1008 fol: 141v/20
[6] flausts: flaustr 61, Tóm
[6] ifla: ‘Jfa laust’ Tóm
arm, hand
1.2. vehicle of the bird of prey (A1a)
Hár Lv 2^I
Valr krapta
‘in the Valr of the bollard’ = SHIP
in the Valr of the bollard → SHIP

GKS 1008 fol: 141v/20
ship, boat
1.2.1.1. horse of the ship
Hár Lv 2^I
flatslóð Fróða
‘the level tracks of Fróði’ = SEA
the level tracks of Fróði. → SEA

GKS 1008 fol: 141v/20
[7] ‑slóðir: ‑slóðar 61, 325V, Tóm
sea
2.2. path of the sea-king
Sigv Vestv 6^I
þollr seims
‘the firs of gold’ = MEN
the firs of gold; → MEN

GKS 1008 fol: 141v/33
male, man
1.1. tree of gold
Sigv Lv 15^I
hilmir hǫrða
‘of the ruler of the hǫrðar’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr
the ruler of the Hǫrðar → NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr

GKS 1008 fol: 142r/13
[1] hilmis: hilmir 61, 75c, 325V, Bb, Flat, Tóm
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians
Bersi Lv 1^I
ár sunda sárs
‘the oars of the bays of the wound’ = SWORDS
the bays of the wound; → BLOOD
the oars of the BLOOD → SWORDS

GKS 1008 fol: 142r/19
sword
6.5. rod of blood
Bersi Lv 1^I
sund sárs
‘of the bays of the wound’ = BLOOD
the bays of the wound; → BLOOD

GKS 1008 fol: 142r/19
blood
1.1. liquid of wounds (A2)
Bersi Lv 1^I
herstillir
‘of the army-commander’ = RULER
the army-commander → RULER

GKS 1008 fol: 142r/19
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
3.1. commander of the army
Bersi Lv 1^I
sendir elds víka
‘distributor of the fire of inlets’ = GENEROUS MAN
the fire of inlets. → GOLD
distributor of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

GKS 1008 fol: 142r/19
[5] víka: víkja Tóm
generous man
2.4.1. sender of gold
Bersi Lv 1^I
eldr víka
‘of the fire of inlets’ = GOLD
the fire of inlets. → GOLD

GKS 1008 fol: 142r/19
[5] víka: víkja Tóm
gold
1.1.1. fire of the sea (A1)
Sigv Lv 16^I
all-valdr Englands
‘the mighty ruler of England’ = Knútr
The mighty ruler of England → Knútr

GKS 1008 fol: 145r/34
Knútr inn ríki Sveinsson (r. 1014-1035)
2. lord of England
Þloft Tøgdr 5^I
byrrǫmm brimdýr
‘the wind-strong surf-animals’ = SHIPS
The wind-strong surf-animals → SHIPS

GKS 1008 fol: 145v/-1
[3] ‑rǫmm: raukn Bæb, Holm4, 325V, 325VII, Tóm, 301ˣmarg
ship, boat
1.1.2. wild animal of the sea
Þloft Tøgdr 5^I
valr svalheims
‘the steeds of the cool world [sea]’ = SHIPS
the cool world [sea] → SEA
The steeds of the SEA → SHIPS

GKS 1008 fol: 145v/-1
[6] valar: vǫlur 61, 325V, 325VII, Flat, Tóm
[6] sval‑: ‘saul’ Tóm
ship, boat
1.1.1.1. horse of the sea
Þloft Tøgdr 5^I
svalheimr
‘of the cool world [sea]’ = SEA
the cool world [sea] → SEA

GKS 1008 fol: 145v/-1
[6] sval‑: ‘saul’ Tóm
sea
14. half-kennings
Þloft Hfl 1^I
gætir gríklands
‘the guardian of greece’ = God
the guardian of Greece → God

GKS 1008 fol: 145v/37
[1] sem gætir: sætir Tóm
[2] Grík‑: Grikk‑ J2ˣ, Tóm
God
2.8. guardian of Greece
Þloft Tøgdr 1^I
otrheimr
‘of the otter-world’ = SEA
the otter-world → SEA

GKS 1008 fol: 145v/40
sea
3.4. abode of the aquatic animal
Þloft Tøgdr 2^I
ǫrbeiðir svans sigrlana
‘of the eager demander of the swan of victory-heaps’ = WARRIOR
victory-heaps. → CORPSES
the swan of CORPSES → RAVEN/EAGLE
the eager demander of the RAVEN/EAGLE → WARRIOR

GKS 1008 fol: 145v/42
[2] ǫr‑: auð‑ 61, 75c, Flat, Tóm
[3] svans: svangs 61, Flat, Tóm
warrior
3.1.08. demander of the bird of battlefield
Þloft Tøgdr 2^I
svanr sigrlana
‘of the swan of victory-heaps’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
victory-heaps. → CORPSES
the swan of CORPSES → RAVEN/EAGLE

GKS 1008 fol: 145v/42
[3] svans: svangs 61, Flat, Tóm
raven/eagle
1.3. bird of the corpse (A2)
Þloft Tøgdr 2^I
sigrlǫn
‘of victory-heaps’ = CORPSES
victory-heaps. → CORPSES

GKS 1008 fol: 145v/42
corpse, slain
2. piles of victory
Þloft Tøgdr 3^I
brimgǫltr
‘of the surf-boar’ = SHIP
the surf-boar → SHIP

GKS 1008 fol: 145v/43
ship, boat
1.1.2. wild animal of the sea
Þloft Tøgdr 3^I
sæskíð
‘by sea-skis’ = SHIPS
by sea-skis. → SHIPS

GKS 1008 fol: 145v/43
ship, boat
2.1. ski of the sea
Þloft Tøgdr 4^I
stóð stafnklifs
‘the stud-horses of the prow-cliff’ = SHIPS
the prow-cliff → SEA
the stud-horses of the SEA → SHIPS

GKS 1008 fol: 145v/44
[6] ‑klifs: klif Holm4, 61, 325V, Flat, Tóm, DG8, FskAˣ
ship, boat
1.1.1.1. horse of the sea
Þloft Tøgdr 4^I
stafnklif
‘of the prow-cliff’ = SEA
the prow-cliff → SEA

GKS 1008 fol: 145v/44
[6] ‑klifs: klif Holm4, 61, 325V, Flat, Tóm, DG8, FskAˣ
sea
4.1. land of the ship
Þloft Tøgdr 4^I
ǫrbeiðir
‘of the arrow-demander’ = WARRIOR
the arrow-demander → WARRIOR

GKS 1008 fol: 145v/44
[8] ǫrbeiðis: ‘aurbelldis’ Tóm
warrior
1.7.08. demander of the weapon
Þloft Tøgdr 6^I
snjallr njótr veg-Jóta
‘the bold enjoyer of the glory-Jótar’ = DANISH KING = Knútr
the bold enjoyer of the glory-Jótar → DANISH KING = Knútr

GKS 1008 fol: 146r/1
[2] snjallr: snjallt Tóm
[4] veg‑: né Tóm
[4] Jóta: ‘giot(ra)’(?) Tóm
Danish king, ruler, jarl
4. enjoyer of the Danes
Þloft Tøgdr 6^I
dalr svana
‘of the dale of swans’ = SEA
the dale of swans; → SEA

GKS 1008 fol: 146r/1
[7] dals: dags 61, Flat, Tóm
sea
6.1. land of the aquatic bird
Hallv Knútdr 6^III
bǫðrakkr nǫkkva bœnar barkrjóðr
‘bark-reddener of the ship of prayer’ = WARRIOR
the ship of prayer, → BREAST
the bark of the BREAST → MAIL-SHIRT
the battle-bold reddener of the MAIL-SHIRT → WARRIOR

GKS 1008 fol: 146r/13
[3] nǫkkva: ‘nauckuat’ Tóm
warrior
1.8.1. stainer of armour
Hallv Knútdr 6^III
nǫkkva bœnar bǫrkr
‘of the bark of the ship of prayer’ = MAIL-SHIRT
the ship of prayer, → BREAST
the bark of the BREAST → MAIL-SHIRT

GKS 1008 fol: 146r/13
[3] nǫkkva: ‘nauckuat’ Tóm
mail-coat
2.1. bark of the breast
Hallv Knútdr 6^III
nǫkkvi bœnar
‘of the ship of prayer’ = BREAST
the ship of prayer, → BREAST

GKS 1008 fol: 146r/13
[3] nǫkkva: ‘nauckuat’ Tóm
breast, chest
5.2. vehicle of prayer (A1a)
Hallv Knútdr 6^III
malma jalm-Freyr
‘noise-Freyr of weapons’ = WARRIOR
the noise of weapons → BATTLE
the Freyr of the BATTLE → WARRIOR

GKS 1008 fol: 146r/13
warrior
2.3.1.3. Freyr of battle
Hallv Knútdr 6^III
malma jalmr
‘of the noise of weapons’ = BATTLE
the noise of weapons → BATTLE

GKS 1008 fol: 146r/13
battle
2.1. din of weapons
Hallv Knútdr 6^III
haukr Leiknar odda
‘for the hawks of the Leikn of spears’ = RAVENS/EAGLES
the Leikn of spears. → VALKYRIE
for the hawks of the VALKYRIE → RAVENS/EAGLES

GKS 1008 fol: 146r/13
[7] haukum: aukum Tóm
raven/eagle
2.1. bird of the valkyrie (A2)
Hallv Knútdr 6^III
Leikn odda
‘of the Leikn of spears’ = VALKYRIE
the Leikn of spears. → VALKYRIE

GKS 1008 fol: 146r/13
valkyrie
1.2. woman of weapons and armour (B2b)
Sigv Erlfl 2^I
borðvǫllr
‘the plank-field’ = SEA
the plank-field → SEA

GKS 1008 fol: 146v/6
sea
4.1. land of the ship
Sigv Erlfl 3^I
snarr, lætrauðr sonr Skjalgs
‘the bold, deceit-shunning son of Skjálgr’ = Erlingr
The bold, deceit-shunning son of Skjálgr → Erlingr

GKS 1008 fol: 146v/11
Erlingr Skjálgsson (d. c. 1028)
1. son of Þórólfr skjálgr
Sigv Erlfl 4^I
geðstirðr hefnir Skjalgs
‘the tough-minded avenger of Skjálgr’ = Erlingr
The tough-minded avenger of Skjálgr → Erlingr

GKS 1008 fol: 146v/16
Erlingr Skjálgsson (d. c. 1028)
2. avenger of Þórólfr skjálgr
Sigv Erlfl 4^I
skúr skers gýgjar
‘the showers of the skerry of the axe’ = BATTLE
the skerry of the axe → SHIELD
the showers of the SHIELD → BATTLE

GKS 1008 fol: 146v/16
[3] skers: skógs 61, Flat, Tóm
battle
1.2.1.2. shower of shields
Sigv Erlfl 4^I
sker gýgjar
‘of the skerry of the axe’ = SHIELD
the skerry of the axe → SHIELD

GKS 1008 fol: 146v/16
[3] skers: skógs 61, Flat, Tóm
shield
5.1.1.4. land of the axe
Sigv Erlfl 4^I
virðir geirs
‘appreciator of the spear’ = WARRIOR
appreciator of the spear, → WARRIOR

GKS 1008 fol: 146v/16
[5] virðir: varðat Tóm
warrior
1.7.14. appreciator of the weapon
Sigv Erlfl 4^I
víðbotn varðkeri glyggs
‘the wide base of the guarding-vessel of the storm’ = EARTH
the guarding-vessel of the storm, → SKY
the wide base of the SKY → EARTH

GKS 1008 fol: 146v/16
[6] víðbotn: við Bókn Holm2, 68, 325V, 325VII, Bb, Flat, Tóm
earth, land
2.1. bottom of the sky
Sigv Erlfl 4^I
varðker glyggs
‘of the guarding-vessel of the storm’ = SKY
the guarding-vessel of the storm, → SKY

GKS 1008 fol: 146v/16
sky/heaven
. vessel of storm/wind
Sigv Erlfl 6^I
allríkr konr bragna
‘the most powerful son of kings’ = RULER = Óláfr
the most powerful son of kings → RULER = Óláfr

GKS 1008 fol: 146v/38
[4] bragna: ‘bragningra’ Tóm
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
2.1. descendant of a ruler
Sigv Erlfl 7^I
vǫrðr foldar hǫrða
‘the guardian of the land of the hǫrðar’ = Erlingr
the land of the Hǫrðar → Hordaland
the guardian of HORDALAND → Erlingr

GKS 1008 fol: 146v/40
Erlingr Skjálgsson (d. c. 1028)
3. guardian of Hordaland
Sigv Erlfl 7^I
fold hǫrða
‘of the land of the hǫrðar’ = Hordaland
the land of the Hǫrðar → Hordaland

GKS 1008 fol: 146v/40
Hordaland
1. land of the Hǫrðar
Ólhelg Lv 6^I
gnýr Gunnar
‘the clamour of Gunnr’ = BATTLE
the clamour of Gunnr. → BATTLE

GKS 1008 fol: 147r/5
[3] Gunnar: gumnar Tóm
battle
2.3. din of the valkyrie
Ólhelg Lv 7^I
gnýr Gunnar
‘the clamour of Gunnr’ = BATTLE
the clamour of Gunnr. → BATTLE

GKS 1008 fol: 147r/6
[3] Gunnar: gumnar Tóm
battle
2.3. din of the valkyrie
BjHall Kálffl 1^I
vápndjarfr arfi Haralds
‘the weapon-bold heir of Haraldr’ = Óláfr
the weapon-bold heir of Haraldr → Óláfr

GKS 1008 fol: 147r/11
Óláfr II inn helgi Haraldsson (r. c. 1015-1030)
1.2. heir of Haraldr inn grenski
BjHall Kálffl 1^I
sóti Gríðar
‘the steed of Gríðr’ = WOLF
the steed of Gríðr → WOLF

GKS 1008 fol: 147r/11
[5] Gríðar: griða Tóm
wolf
1.1. horse of the giantess, troll-woman (A3)
BjHall Kálffl 1^I
fundr flettugrjóts ok spjóta
‘the meeting of split stone and of spears’ = BATTLE
the meeting of split stone and of spears. → BATTLE

GKS 1008 fol: 147r/11
[7] fundi: falli 61, 75c, 325VII, Bb, Flat, Tóm, 325XI 2 b
[8] ok: ‘[…]’ Tóm
battle
3.1. meeting of weapons
Sigv ErfÓl 6^I
vǫrðr grundar
‘the guardian of the land’ = KING = Óláfr
the guardian of the land → KING = Óláfr

GKS 1008 fol: 148r/26
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
5.1. guardian of the land
Sigv ErfÓl 6^I
mildr faðir Magnúss
‘the gracious father of Magnús’ = Óláfr
The gracious father of Magnús → Óláfr

GKS 1008 fol: 148r/26
Óláfr II inn helgi Haraldsson (r. c. 1015-1030)
1.4. father of Magnús inn góði Óláfsson
Jǫk Lv 1^I
hreinn hlýrvangs
‘the reindeer of the prow-plain’ = SHIP
the prow-plain → SEA
the reindeer of the SEA → SHIP

GKS 1008 fol: 148r/42
[3] hreini: hreinni Tóm, FskBˣ
ship, boat
1.1.2. wild animal of the sea
Jǫk Lv 1^I
hlýrvangr
‘of the prow-plain’ = SEA
the prow-plain → SEA

GKS 1008 fol: 148r/42
sea
4.1. land of the ship
Jǫk Lv 1^I
funi ýstéttar
‘of the flame of the yew-bow’s path’ = GOLD
the yew-bow’s path; → ARM/HAND
the flame of the ARM/HAND → GOLD

GKS 1008 fol: 148r/42
[6] funa: Haka 325VII, Bb, Flat, Tóm
[5] ýstéttar: óstrætis Bb, Flat, Tóm
gold
2.1.1. fire of the arm/hand (A1)
Jǫk Lv 1^I
ýstétt
‘of the yew-bow’s path’ = ARM/HAND
the yew-bow’s path; → ARM/HAND

GKS 1008 fol: 148r/42
[5] ýstéttar: óstrætis Bb, Flat, Tóm
arm, hand
3.1. place of the bow (A3)
Jǫk Lv 1^I
kleif funa ýstéttar
‘slopes of the flame of the yew-bow’s path’ = WOMEN
the yew-bow’s path; → ARM/HAND
the flame of the ARM/HAND → GOLD
slopes of the GOLD → WOMEN

GKS 1008 fol: 148r/42
[6] funa: Haka 325VII, Bb, Flat, Tóm
[5] ýstéttar: óstrætis Bb, Flat, Tóm
female, woman
1.3. land, landscape of riches, wealth (B2c)
BjHall Kálffl 3^I
vígmóðr bróðir Haralds
‘the battle-weary brother of Haraldr’ = Óláfr
the battle-weary brother of Haraldr → Óláfr

GKS 1008 fol: 148v/24
Óláfr II inn helgi Haraldsson (r. c. 1015-1030)
1.3. brother of Haraldr harðráði Sigurðarson
BjHall Kálffl 4^I
dróttinn Engla
‘the lord of the English’ = Knútr
the lord of the English → Knútr

GKS 1008 fol: 148v/33
[1] Engla: Englands 61, 325V, Bb, Flat, Tóm
Knútr inn ríki Sveinsson (r. 1014-1035)
3. lord of the English
BjHall Kálffl 4^I
ógnrakkr niðr jarls
‘battle-bold descendant of a jarl’ = Kálfr
battle-bold descendant of a jarl; → Kálfr

GKS 1008 fol: 148v/33
Kálfr Árnason
1. descendant of the jarl
BjHall Kálffl 4^I
gramr Lundúna
‘the lord of London’ = Knútr
The lord of London → Knútr

GKS 1008 fol: 148v/33
Knútr inn ríki Sveinsson (r. 1014-1035)
2. lord of England
Þorm Lv 18^I
angr ýs
‘the sorrow of the yew’ = FIRE
the sorrow of the yew → FIRE

GKS 1008 fol: 152v/4
fire, flame
1.2. sorrow of the tree
Gizsv Lv 1^I
þing borða
‘the assembly of shields’ = BATTLE
the assembly of shields —, → BATTLE

GKS 1008 fol: 152v/34
battle
3.1.3. meeting of shields
Gizsv Lv 1^I
svinnir sigrunnr
‘prudent battle-trees’ = WARRIORS
prudent battle-trees → WARRIORS

GKS 1008 fol: 152v/34
[5] sig‑: sigr‑ Kˣ, Holm4, 61, 325V, 325VII, Flat, Tóm, 141ˣ
warrior
5.1. tree of victory
Gizsv Lv 1^I
kván Heðins
‘of the woman of Heðinn’ = Hildr
the woman of Heðinn; → Hildr

GKS 1008 fol: 152v/34
Hildr
1. woman of Heðinn and the Hjaðningar (C3a)
Gizsv Lv 1^I
él Ála
‘the blizzard of Áli’ = BATTLE
the blizzard of Áli → BATTLE

GKS 1008 fol: 152v/34
[7] Ála: ‘ola’ 325V, Tóm
battle
1.2.5. shower of a legendary person
Þorf Lv 2^I
miklu regn ins harða garðs randar
‘the great downpour of the tough enclosure of the shield-rim’ = BATTLE
the tough enclosure of the shield-rim; → SHIELD
the great downpour of the SHIELD → BATTLE

GKS 1008 fol: 152v/36
[2] randar: randa J2ˣ, 321ˣ, Bæb, 61, 325VII, Bb, Flat, Tóm, DG8, 141ˣ
battle
1.2.1.2. shower of shields
Þorf Lv 2^I
ins harða garðr randar
‘of the tough enclosure of the shield-rim’ = SHIELD
the tough enclosure of the shield-rim; → SHIELD

GKS 1008 fol: 152v/36
[2] randar: randa J2ˣ, 321ˣ, Bæb, 61, 325VII, Bb, Flat, Tóm, DG8, 141ˣ
shield
6.4. enclosure of the shield
Þorf Lv 2^I
teitan már sveita
‘the cheerful gull of gore’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
the cheerful gull of gore; → RAVEN/EAGLE

GKS 1008 fol: 152v/36
[6] teitan: teita Tóm
raven/eagle
1.2. bird of blood (A2)
Þorf Lv 2^I
hregg Þundar
‘the storm of Þundr’ = BATTLE
the storm of Þundr; → BATTLE

GKS 1008 fol: 152v/36
battle
1.1.4. storm/wind of Óðinn
Þorm Lv 19^I
ǫrstiklandi
‘the arrow-shooter’ = WARRIOR = Óláfr
The arrow-shooter → WARRIOR = Óláfr

GKS 1008 fol: 152v/38
[2] ‑stiklandi: ‑stiklanda 972ˣ, 321ˣ, 325VII, Bb, Flat, Tóm, DG8
warrior
1.7.01. mover of the weapon
Þorm Lv 19^I
miklu él Ála
‘the great storm of Áli’ = BATTLE
the great storm of Áli; → BATTLE

GKS 1008 fol: 152v/38
battle
1.2.5. shower of a legendary person
Þorm Lv 19^I
skalmǫld
‘a sword-age’ = BATTLE
a sword-age → BATTLE

GKS 1008 fol: 152v/38
battle
14.1. time of the sword
Þorm Lv 19^I
geirþing
‘the spear-assembly’ = BATTLE
the spear-assembly → BATTLE

GKS 1008 fol: 152v/38
battle
3.1.2. meeting of spears
Anon Bjark 1^III
vílmǫgr
‘for the sons of toil’ = SERVANTS
for the sons of toil → SERVANTS

GKS 1008 fol: 153r/11
[3] vílmǫgum: víkingum 68, Tóm
servant, slave, male
. son of distress
Þorm Lv 20^I
vága viggrunnr
‘steed-bush of the waves’ = SEAFARER = Óláfr
the steed of the waves. → SHIP
bush of the SHIP → SEAFARER = Óláfr

GKS 1008 fol: 153r/20
[8] ‑ruðr: ‑roðr Tóm
seafarer
1.2. tree of the ship
Þorm Lv 20^I
vága viggr
‘of the steed of the waves’ = SHIP
the steed of the waves. → SHIP

GKS 1008 fol: 153r/20
ship, boat
1.1.1.1. horse of the sea
Anon Bjark 2^III
hǫrðum leikr Hildar
‘the hard play of Hildr’ = BATTLE
the hard play of Hildr. → BATTLE

GKS 1008 fol: 153v/12
battle
4.2. play of Hildr
Sigv ErfÓl 7^I
framlundaðr bróðir Ǫgmundar
‘the eager-spirited brother of Ǫgmundr’ = Þórðr
The eager-spirited brother of Ǫgmundr → Þórðr

GKS 1008 fol: 153v/21
[8] ‑lundaðr: búnaðr Tóm
[6] bróðir: bróður 61, 75e 4, 325V, Flat, Tóm
Þórðr Fólason
. brother of Ǫgmundr
Sigv ErfÓl 7^I
hjaldrmóðum gramr Hringa
‘the battle-bold prince of the Hringar’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr
the battle-bold prince of the Hringar; → NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr

GKS 1008 fol: 153v/21
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians
Sigv ErfÓl 9^I
hvǫtuðr hildar
‘the inciter of battle’ = WARRIOR = Óláfr
the inciter of battle; → WARRIOR = Óláfr

GKS 1008 fol: 155r/37
warrior
2.5.1.1. hastener of battle
Sigv ErfÓl 10^I
árr alms
‘the envoys of the elm-bow’ = WARRIORS
the envoys of the elm-bow → WARRIORS

GKS 1008 fol: 155v/17
warrior
1.7.05. envoy of the weapon
Sigv ErfÓl 10^I
mikill stálgustr
‘a great steel-gust’ = BATTLE
a great steel-gust → BATTLE

GKS 1008 fol: 155v/17
[7] mikill: mikit 61, Tóm
battle
1.1.1. storm/wind of the weapon
Sigv ErfÓl 13^I
lóns loghreytandi
‘flame-distributors of the lagoon’ = GENEROUS MEN
the flame of the lagoon → GOLD
for the distributors of the GOLD → GENEROUS MEN

GKS 1008 fol: 155v/30
[4] lóns: léons 321ˣ, 61, 325V, 325VII, Flat, Tóm
[3] log‑: lof‑ Holm2, 321ˣ, 61, 325V, 325VII, Flat, Tóm
[3] ‑hreytǫndum: ‘‑rækendum’ Flat, Tóm
generous man
2.3.1. flinger of gold
Sigv ErfÓl 13^I
lóns log
‘of the flame of the lagoon’ = GOLD
the flame of the lagoon → GOLD

GKS 1008 fol: 155v/30
[4] lóns: léons 321ˣ, 61, 325V, 325VII, Flat, Tóm
[3] log‑: lof‑ Holm2, 321ˣ, 61, 325V, 325VII, Flat, Tóm
gold
1.1.1. fire of the sea (A1)
Sigv ErfÓl 13^I
dróttinn hersa
‘the lord of hersar’ = KING = Óláfr
the lord of hersar → KING = Óláfr

GKS 1008 fol: 155v/30
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
2.2. lord of princes
Sigv ErfÓl 14^I
tún reikar
‘the homefields of the hair-parting’ = HEAD
the homefields of the hair-parting → HEAD

GKS 1008 fol: 155v/32
head
1.1. place of the hair (A1b and A3)
Sigv ErfÓl 14^I
ísarnleikr
‘the iron-play’ = BATTLE
the iron-play. → BATTLE

GKS 1008 fol: 155v/32
[5] ísarn‑: jarna‑ Kˣ, J2ˣ, Holm4, 61, 325VII, Flat, Tóm
battle
4.1. play of weapons
Refr Giz 1^III
askr rimmu
‘the ash-tree of battle’ = WARRIOR
The ash-tree of battle, → WARRIOR

GKS 1008 fol: 155v/41
[3] rimmu: runnu J2ˣ, 73aˣ, 61, 325VII, 325V, Tóm
warrior
2.1. tree of battle
Refr Giz 1^III
stála regn
‘rain-bold of steel weapons’ = BATTLE
in the rain of steel weapons, → BATTLE

GKS 1008 fol: 155v/41
[2] stála: skála Kˣ, 61, 325VII, Flat, Tóm
battle
1.2.1. shower of weapons
Refr Giz 1^III
gnýr Gunnar
‘in the din of Gunnr’ = BATTLE
in the din of Gunnr → BATTLE

GKS 1008 fol: 155v/41
[1] Gunnar: gumnar Tóm
battle
2.3. din of the valkyrie
Refr Giz 1^III
bál Hôars
‘the fire of Hárr’ = SWORD
the fire of Hárr → SWORD

GKS 1008 fol: 155v/41
[2] bál: báls 73aˣ, 325V, Flat, Tóm
sword
1.1.05. fire of Óðinn
Refr Giz 1^III
dalsteypir
‘the bow-destroyer’ = WARRIOR
The bow-destroyer → WARRIOR

GKS 1008 fol: 155v/41
[5] ‑steypir: ‘stypis’ Tóm
warrior
. man of the weapon
Refr Giz 1^III
Draupnis dǫgg-Freyr
‘Draupnir’s dew-Freyr’ = MAN
the dew of Draupnir his → GOLD
the Freyr of the GOLD → MAN

GKS 1008 fol: 155v/41
[5] Draupnis: ‘draupins’ Holm4, Tóm
[6] dǫgg‑: draugs‑ 61, Tóm
male, man
2.1. god of gold
Refr Giz 1^III
Draupnis dǫgg
‘of the dew of Draupnir’ = GOLD
the dew of Draupnir his → GOLD

GKS 1008 fol: 155v/41
[5] Draupnis: ‘draupins’ Holm4, Tóm
[6] dǫgg‑: draugs‑ 61, Tóm
gold
8.3.1. dew of Draupnir (A3)
Refr Giz 1^III
annan árr strauma
‘upon another messenger of currents’ = SEAFARER
upon another messenger of currents; → SEAFARER

GKS 1008 fol: 155v/41
seafarer
2.3. messenger of the sea
Sigv ErfÓl 15^I
skorðu skæ-Njǫrðungr
‘steed-Njǫrðungar of the prop’ = MEN
the steed of the prop. → SHIP
the Njǫrðungar of the SHIP → MEN

GKS 1008 fol: 156r/1
[3] skæ‑Njǫrðungum: ský‑Njǫrðungum Flat, Tóm
seafarer
1.3.1. god of the ship
Sigv ErfÓl 15^I
skorðu skær
‘of the steed of the prop’ = SHIP
the steed of the prop. → SHIP

GKS 1008 fol: 156r/1
[3] skæ‑Njǫrðungum: ský‑Njǫrðungum Flat, Tóm
ship, boat
1.2.1.1. horse of the ship
Sigv ErfÓl 16^I
húna hyrr
‘of the fire of the mast-tops’ = GOLD
the fire of the mast-tops → GOLD

GKS 1008 fol: 156r/10
gold
6. fire of mast-tops (A1)
Sigv ErfÓl 16^I
húna hyrsendir
‘fire-sender of the mast-tops’ = GENEROUS MAN = Óláfr
the fire of the mast-tops → GOLD
the sender of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN = Óláfr

GKS 1008 fol: 156r/10
generous man
2.4.1. sender of gold
Sigv ErfÓl 17^I
þollr seims
‘the fir-tree of gold’ = MAN
The fir-tree of gold → MAN

GKS 1008 fol: 156r/13
male, man
1.1. tree of gold
Sigv ErfÓl 17^I
Þróttr þvergarða glyggs gunnranns
‘the Þróttr of the cross-fences of the storm of the battle-hall’ = WARRIOR
the battle -hall, → SHIELD
the storm of the SHIELD → BATTLE
the cross-fences of the BATTLE → SHIELD
the Þróttr of the SHIELD → WARRIOR

GKS 1008 fol: 156r/13
[6] Þróttr: þrjótr 61, Tóm
[7] glyggs: gnýs Flat, Tóm
[8] ‑ranns: ‑rammr Tóm
warrior
1.4.1.01. Óðinn of the weapon
Sigv ErfÓl 17^I
þvergarðr glyggs gunnranns
‘of the cross-fences of the storm of the battle-hall’ = SHIELD
the battle -hall, → SHIELD
the storm of the SHIELD → BATTLE
the cross-fences of the BATTLE → SHIELD

GKS 1008 fol: 156r/13
[7] glyggs: gnýs Flat, Tóm
[8] ‑ranns: ‑rammr Tóm
shield
6.1. enclosure of battle
Sigv ErfÓl 17^I
glygg gunnranns
‘of the storm of the battle-hall’ = BATTLE
the battle -hall, → SHIELD
the storm of the SHIELD → BATTLE

GKS 1008 fol: 156r/13
[7] glyggs: gnýs Flat, Tóm
[8] ‑ranns: ‑rammr Tóm
battle
1.1.1.2. storm/wind of the shield
Sigv ErfÓl 17^I
gunnrann
‘of the battle-hall’ = SHIELD
the battle -hall, → SHIELD

GKS 1008 fol: 156r/13
[8] ‑ranns: ‑rammr Tóm
shield
9.1. house of battle
ÞjóðA Sex 1^II
hlífél
‘a shield-storm’ = BATTLE
a shield-storm → BATTLE

GKS 1008 fol: 156v/-8
battle
1.2.1.2. shower of shields
ÞjóðA Sex 1^II
brennir Bolgara
‘the burner of Bulgars’ = Haraldr
the burner of Bulgars → Haraldr

GKS 1008 fol: 156v/-8
Haraldr III harðráði Sigurðarson (r. 1046-66)
2. defeater of foreign people
ÞjóðA Sex 1^II
hjalmsetr
‘helmet-stand’ = HEAD
helmet-stand. → HEAD

GKS 1008 fol: 156v/-8
[6] ‑setr: ‑setrs F, E, J2ˣ, 321ˣ, Holm4, 325V, 61, Bb, Tóm, Hr
head
2.2. rest or support of headgear (A1b and A3)
Bǫlv Hardr 1^II
friðskerðir
‘a peace-diminisher’ = WARRIOR
a peace-diminisher → WARRIOR

GKS 1008 fol: 156v
[6] friðskerði: friðskerðir 39, 61, Tóm, Bb, H, Hr
warrior
11. destroyer of peace
Arn Rǫgndr 1^II
gunnbráðr Njǫrðr gǫndlar
‘the war-hasty Njǫrðr of battle’ = WARRIOR = Rǫgnvaldr
the war-hasty Njǫrðr of battle → WARRIOR = Rǫgnvaldr

GKS 1008 fol: 157r/1
[3] Njǫrðr: so Holm4, 325VII, 325V, 61, Bb, Tóm, 332ˣ, Flat
warrior
2.3.1.2. Njǫrðr of battle
Arn Rǫgndr 1^II
tíu aldin él þélar grafninga
‘ten ancient blizzards of the file of graven shields’ = BATTLES
the file of graven shields → SWORD
ten ancient blizzards of the SWORD → BATTLES

GKS 1008 fol: 157r/1
[1] aldin: aldri 325V, 61, Bb, Tóm, R702ˣ
battle
1.2.1.1. shower of swords
Arn Rǫgndr 1^II
þél grafninga
‘of the file of graven shields’ = SWORD
the file of graven shields → SWORD

GKS 1008 fol: 157r/1
sword
10.3. tool of the shield
Þorm Lv 23^I
alla Jǫlfuðs élþollr
‘storm-firs of Jǫlfuðr’ = WARRIORS
the storm of Jǫlfuðr → BATTLE
all the firs of the BATTLE → WARRIORS

GKS 1008 fol: 157r/21
[6] Jǫlfuðs: jalmveðrs 61, Tóm
warrior
2.1. tree of battle
Þorm Lv 23^I
Jǫlfuðs él
‘of the storm of Jǫlfuðr’ = BATTLE
the storm of Jǫlfuðr → BATTLE

GKS 1008 fol: 157r/21
[6] Jǫlfuðs: jalmveðrs 61, Tóm
battle
1.2.3. shower of Óðinn
Þorm Lv 23^I
fastri fleindrífa
‘the ceaseless missile-blizzard’ = BATTLE
the ceaseless missile-blizzard. → BATTLE

GKS 1008 fol: 157r/21
battle
1.2.1. shower of weapons
Þorm Lv 24^I
grǫnn Skǫgul in hvíta setrs hauka
‘the slender, white Skǫgul of the seat of hawks’ = WOMAN
the seat of hawks → ARM
the slender, white Skǫgul of the ARM → WOMAN

GKS 1008 fol: 157r/27
[3] hauka setrs: so 61, 325VII, Flat, Tóm, Kˣ, 142ˣ, 566aˣ, DG8
female, woman
12.1. female mythical being of arm/hand (B2b)
Þorm Lv 24^I
setr hauka
‘of the seat of hawks’ = ARM
the seat of hawks → ARM

GKS 1008 fol: 157r/27
[3] hauka setrs: so 61, 325VII, Flat, Tóm, Kˣ, 142ˣ, 566aˣ, DG8
arm, hand
1.1.2. home, resting place of the bird of prey (A3)
Þorm Lv 24^I
djúp spor hríðar Dags ok danskra vápna
‘the deep tracks of the blizzard of Dagr and of danish weapons’ = WOUNDS
the blizzard of Dagr → BATTLE
the deep tracks of the BATTLEand of Danish weapons → WOUNDS

GKS 1008 fol: 157r/27
[8] Dags: so 972ˣ, 73aˣ, Holm4, 61, 325V, 325VII, Bb, Flat, Tóm, 142ˣ, DG8
wound
1.2. track of battle
Þorm Lv 24^I
hríð Dags
‘of the blizzard of Dagr ’ = BATTLE
the blizzard of Dagr → BATTLE

GKS 1008 fol: 157r/27
[8] Dags: so 972ˣ, 73aˣ, Holm4, 61, 325V, 325VII, Bb, Flat, Tóm, 142ˣ, DG8
battle
1.2.5. shower of a legendary person
Þorm Lv 24^I
morðvenjandi meldrar Fenju
‘the killing-accustomed one of the flour of Fenja’ = GENEROUS MAN = Þormóðr
the flour of Fenja. → GOLD
the killing-accustomed one of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN = Þormóðr

GKS 1008 fol: 157r/27
[6] morðvenjanda: morðvenjandi Holm2, 972ˣ, J2ˣ, Holm4, 61, 325VII, Flat, Tóm, Kˣ, 142ˣ, 566aˣ
generous man
1.09. killer of wealth
Þorm Lv 24^I
meldr Fenju
‘of the flour of Fenja’ = GOLD
the flour of Fenja. → GOLD

GKS 1008 fol: 157r/27
gold
9.2.2. flour of Fenja and Menja (A1)
Þorm Lv 25^I
eik landa ǫglis
‘the oak of the lands of the hawk’ = WOMAN
the lands of the hawk → ARMS
The oak of ARMS → WOMAN

GKS 1008 fol: 157r/32
female, woman
11.2. tree, wood of arm/hand (B2c)
Þorm Lv 25^I
land ǫglis
‘of the lands of the hawk’ = ARMS
the lands of the hawk → ARMS

GKS 1008 fol: 157r/32
arm, hand
1.1.1. land of the bird of prey (A3)
Þorm Lv 25^I
drif ǫrva
‘a blizzard of arrows’ = BATTLE
a blizzard of arrows, → BATTLE

GKS 1008 fol: 157r/32
battle
1.2.1.4. shower of arrows
Sigv ErfÓl 19^I
stríðir Engla
‘the opponent of the English’ = Óláfr
the opponent of the English, → Óláfr

GKS 1008 fol: 157v/5
Óláfr II inn helgi Haraldsson (r. c. 1015-1030)
5. fighter of the English
Sigv ErfÓl 19^I
fundr odda
‘the meeting of points’ = BATTLE
the meeting of points, → BATTLE

GKS 1008 fol: 157v/5
battle
3.1. meeting of weapons
Sigv ErfÓl 20^I
meiðr skers ógnar
‘the trees of the skerry of battle’ = WARRIORS
the skerry of battle → SHIELD
The trees of the SHIELD → WARRIORS

GKS 1008 fol: 157v/8
warrior
1.1.2. tree of the shield
Sigv ErfÓl 20^I
sker ógnar
‘of the skerry of battle’ = SHIELD
the skerry of battle → SHIELD

GKS 1008 fol: 157v/8
shield
5.1.2. land of battle
Sigv ErfÓl 20^I
viðr sárelds
‘the trees of the wound-fire’ = WARRIORS
the wound-fire → SWORD
the trees of the SWORD → WARRIORS

GKS 1008 fol: 157v/8
warrior
1.1.1. tree of the sword
Sigv ErfÓl 20^I
sáreldr
‘of the wound-fire’ = SWORD
the wound-fire → SWORD

GKS 1008 fol: 157v/8
sword
1.1.04. fire of the wound
Sigv ErfÓl 23^I
kykvir tívar ýs
‘living gods of the yew-bow’ = WARRIORS
living gods of the yew-bow; → WARRIORS

GKS 1008 fol: 159r/29
warrior
1.4.1. god of the weapon
Þloft Glækv 2^I
brjótr bauga
‘the breaker of rings’ = GENEROUS MAN
the breaker of rings → GENEROUS MAN

GKS 1008 fol: 159r/32
generous man
1.02.2. breaker of rings
Þloft Glækv 4^I
sonr Haralds
‘the son of Haraldr’ = Óláfr
The son of Haraldr → Óláfr

GKS 1008 fol: 159r/34
Óláfr II inn helgi Haraldsson (r. c. 1015-1030)
1.1. descendant of Haraldr inn grenski
Þloft Glækv 4^I
seimbrjótr
‘the treasure-breaker’ = GENEROUS MAN
the treasure-breaker → GENEROUS MAN

GKS 1008 fol: 159r/34
[5] ‑brjótr: broti Tóm
generous man
1.02.1. breaker of gold
Þloft Glækv 9^I
reginnagli máls bóka
‘the sacred nail of the language of books’ = SAINT = Óláfr
the language of books. → LATIN
the sacred nail of the LATIN → SAINT = Óláfr

GKS 1008 fol: 159r/39
[11] bóka: boga Flat, Tóm
holy man, saint
Þloft Glækv 9^I
mál bóka
‘of the language of books’ = LATIN
the language of books. → LATIN

GKS 1008 fol: 159r/39
[11] bóka: boga Flat, Tóm
Latin
. language of books
Sigv ErfÓl 21^I
landreki hers inn fremri
‘better land-ruler of the army’ = KING
better land-ruler of the army → KING

GKS 1008 fol: 159v/32
[5] hers: ‘hefnzt’ Tóm
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
3.1. commander of the army
Sigv ErfÓl 22^I
flóttskjǫrrum feðr Magnúss
‘the flight-shy father of Magnús’ = Óláfr
the flight-shy father of Magnús. → Óláfr

GKS 1008 fol: 159v/35
[8] flótt‑: fljótt‑ 325VI, 321ˣ, Flat, Tóm
[8] ‑skjǫrrum: ‑skjótum 61, 325V, Tóm
[7] Magnúss: Ôleifs Tóm
Arn Magndr 1^II
rógǫrs rjóðandi hneitis eggja
‘of the strife-quick reddener of the sword’s edges’ = WARRIOR
the strife-quick reddener of the sword’s edges, → WARRIOR

GKS 1008 fol: 160r/33
[2] róg‑: ‘raugg’ Tóm
[4] hneitis: hneitis heitum Tóm
[4] eggja: eggjar J2ˣ, 61, Tóm, Hr
warrior
1.7.03. stainer of the weapon
Arn Magndr 1^II
seimbroti
‘gold-breakers’ = GENEROUS MEN
gold-breakers → GENEROUS MEN

GKS 1008 fol: 160r/33
[3] ‑brotar: ‑brjótr Holm4, 325V, 61, Tóm
generous man
1.02.1. breaker of gold
Arn Magndr 1^II
hati ormsetrs
‘the hater of the reptile’s home’ = GENEROUS MAN
the reptile’s home → GOLD
The hater of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

GKS 1008 fol: 160r/33
[6] hati: hatri Tóm
[6] ormsetrs: orms setrs Tóm, Flat
generous man
1.06. hater of wealth
Arn Magndr 1^II
ormsetr
‘of the reptile’s home’ = GOLD
the reptile’s home → GOLD

GKS 1008 fol: 160r/33
[6] ormsetrs: orms setrs Tóm, Flat
gold
3.1.2. lair of the serpent (A3)
Arn Magndr 1^II
hraustr vinr hǫrða
‘the valiant friend of the hǫrðar’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Magnús
the valiant friend of the Hǫrðar, → NORWEGIAN KING = Magnús

GKS 1008 fol: 160r/33
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
3. friend of the Norwegians
Arn Magndr 2^II
inn ungi eggrjóðandi
‘the young blade-reddener’ = WARRIOR
The young blade-reddener → WARRIOR

GKS 1008 fol: 160r/36
warrior
1.7.03. stainer of the weapon
Arn Magndr 2^II
bræðir ara
‘of the feeder of the eagle’ = WARRIOR
the feeder of the eagle → WARRIOR

GKS 1008 fol: 160r/36
warrior
3.1.01. feeder of the bird of battlefield
Arn Magndr 2^II
herváð
‘war-garb’ = ARMOUR
war-garb → ARMOUR

GKS 1008 fol: 160r/36
[4] ‑væðr: ræðr Tóm
armour
. clothing of battle
Arn Magndr 2^II
rýrir brimlogs
‘the diminisher of surf-fire’ = GENEROUS MAN
surf-fire → GOLD
the diminisher of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

GKS 1008 fol: 160r/36
generous man
1.03.1. diminisher of gold
Arn Magndr 2^II
brimlog
‘of surf-fire’ = GOLD
surf-fire → GOLD

GKS 1008 fol: 160r/36
gold
1.1.1. fire of the sea (A1)
Arn Hryn 5^II
Yggr rimmu
‘Yggr of battle’ = WARRIOR
Yggr of battle, → WARRIOR

GKS 1008 fol: 160r/38
[2] Yggr: ‘ygs’ Tóm
warrior
2.3.1.1. Óðinn of battle
Arn Hryn 5^II
tungurjóðr ferðar ulfa, kunnr ǫldum
‘tongue-reddener of the pack of wolves, renowned to peoples’ = WARRIOR
Tongue-reddener of the pack of wolves, renowned to peoples, → WARRIOR

GKS 1008 fol: 160r/38
[5] ulfa: umla Tóm
warrior
3.2.3. stainer of the wolf
Arn Hryn 6^II
fiðrirjóðr môs Yggjar
‘feather-reddener of the gull of Yggr’ = WARRIOR
the gull of Yggr, → RAVEN
Feather-reddener of the RAVEN → WARRIOR

GKS 1008 fol: 160r/40
[3] ‑rjóðr: ‑morðr Tóm
[2] môs: máls 325VI, 61, Tóm
warrior
3.1.03. stainer of the bird of battlefield
Arn Hryn 6^II
már Yggjar
‘of the gull of Yggr’ = RAVEN
the gull of Yggr, → RAVEN

GKS 1008 fol: 160r/40
[2] môs: máls 325VI, 61, Tóm
raven
1.1. bird of Óðinn (A2)
Arn Hryn 6^II
fœðir blágamms kolgu benja
‘feeder of the dark vulture of the surf of wounds’ = WARRIOR
the surf of wounds, → BLOOD
the dark vulture of the BLOOD → RAVEN
feeder of the RAVEN → WARRIOR

GKS 1008 fol: 160r/40
warrior
3.1.01. feeder of the bird of battlefield
Arn Hryn 6^II
blágammr kolgu benja
‘of the dark vulture of the surf of wounds’ = RAVEN
the surf of wounds, → BLOOD
the dark vulture of the BLOOD → RAVEN

GKS 1008 fol: 160r/40
raven
1.2. (black or dark) bird of the battlefield (A2)
Arn Hryn 6^II
kolga benja
‘of the surf of wounds’ = BLOOD
the surf of wounds, → BLOOD

GKS 1008 fol: 160r/40
blood
1.1. liquid of wounds (A2)
Arn Hryn 7^II
eyðir gráðar ulfa
‘queller of the greed of wolves’ = WARRIOR
Queller of the greed of wolves → WARRIOR

GKS 1008 fol: 160r/40
warrior
3.2.1. feeder of the wolf
Arn Hryn 7^II
eyðir gráðar
‘queller of the greed’ = FEEDER
Queller of the greed → FEEDER

GKS 1008 fol: 160r/40
feeder, nourisher
1. destroyer of greed
Arn Hryn 7^II
skildir brands skeiðar
‘the shield-provider of the warship’s prow’ = SEA-WARRIOR = Sveinn Álfífuson
the shield-provider of the warship’s prow → SEA-WARRIOR = Sveinn Álfífuson

GKS 1008 fol: 160r/40
[3] skildir: skjǫldungr 325VII, 325V, 61, Tóm, Hr
sea-warrior
3. shield-provider of the ship
Sigv ErfÓl 24^I
margr meiðr hrings
‘many a tree of the sword’ = MAN
Many a tree of the sword → MAN

GKS 1008 fol: 160v/7
warrior
1.1.1. tree of the sword
Sigv ErfÓl 27^I
vǫndr gjallar
‘the rod of clamour’ = SWORD
the rod of clamour, → SWORD

GKS 1008 fol: 160v/14
sword
4.1.11. rod/twig of din
Sigv ErfÓl 27^I
verr ylgjar
‘of the husband of the she-wolf’ = WOLF
the husband of the she-wolf, → WOLF

GKS 1008 fol: 160v/14
[8] vers ylgjar: so 61, Flat, Tóm
wolf
2.1. relative of the wolf (B4a and b)
Sigv Berv 13^II
hjaldrmǫgnuðr
‘battle-increaser’ = WARRIOR
battle-increaser. → WARRIOR

GKS 1008 fol: 161r/-1
[8] ‑mǫgnuðr: magni Tóm
warrior
2.5.1. increaser / strengthener of battle
BjHall Kálffl 7^I
bróðirsonr Haralds
‘the son of Haraldr’s brother’ = Magnús
the son of Haraldr’s brother → Magnús

GKS 1008 fol: 161r/23
Magnús I inn góði Óláfsson (r. 1035-47)
1.2. nephew of Haraldr harðráði Sigurðarson
BjHall Kálffl 7^I
hlýri Þorbergs
‘brother of Þorbergr’ = Kálfr
brother of Þorbergr; → Kálfr

GKS 1008 fol: 161r/23
Kálfr Árnason
2. brother of Þorbergr Árnason
BjHall Kálffl 7^I
arfi Ôleifs
‘Óláfr’s heir’ = Magnús
Óláfr’s heir; → Magnús

GKS 1008 fol: 161r/23
Magnús I inn góði Óláfsson (r. 1035-47)
1.3. heir of Óláfr Haraldsson
Sigv Berv 5^II
fjǫlblíðs fóstra Aðalsteins
‘of the most friendly foster-son of Æthelstan’ = Hákon
the most friendly foster-son of Æthelstan; → Hákon

GKS 1008 fol: 161r/38
Sigv Berv 6^II
hvardyggr arfi Haralds
‘the very reliable heir of Haraldr’ = Óláfr Haraldsson
The very reliable heir of Haraldr → Óláfr Haraldsson

GKS 1008 fol: 161r/40
[6] hvar‑: ‘hugg‑’ Tóm
Óláfr II inn helgi Haraldsson (r. c. 1015-1030)
1.2. heir of Haraldr inn grenski
Sigv Berv 6^II
sonr Tryggva
‘the son of Tryggvi’ = Óláfr Tryggvason
the son of Tryggvi → Óláfr Tryggvason

GKS 1008 fol: 161r/40
[6] sonr: svá 325V, 61, Tóm
Óláfr I Tryggvason (r. c. 995-c. 1000)
1.1. descendant of Tryggvi Óláfsson
Sigv Berv 11^II
hjaldrgegnir
‘battle-promoter’ = WARRIOR
battle-promoter, → WARRIOR

GKS 1008 fol: 161v/2
[2] hjaldr‑: hildr‑ Tóm
warrior
2.5.2.3. encounterer of battle
Sigv Berv 10^II
veltir þjófs
‘toppler of the thief’ = JUST RULER
Toppler of the thief, → JUST RULER

GKS 1008 fol: 161v/4
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
4.1. destroyer of evildoers
Sigv Berv 10^II
varmra benja tármútaris teitir
‘gladdener of the tear-hawk of warm wounds’ = WARRIOR
the tear of warm wounds, → BLOOD
the hawk of the BLOOD → RAVEN/EAGLE
gladdener of the RAVEN/EAGLE → WARRIOR

GKS 1008 fol: 161v/4
[5] benja: beina 972ˣ(585vb), Tóm, Bb
[7] teitir: teiti 325VI, 321ˣ, 73aˣ, 325V, 61, Tóm, H, Hr, 325XI 3, Flat
warrior
3.1.02. gladdener of the bird of battlefield
Sigv Berv 10^II
varmra benja tármútari
‘of the hawk of the tear of warm wounds’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
the tear of warm wounds, → BLOOD
the hawk of the BLOOD → RAVEN/EAGLE

GKS 1008 fol: 161v/4
[5] benja: beina 972ˣ(585vb), Tóm, Bb
raven/eagle
1.2. bird of blood (A2)
Sigv Berv 10^II
varmra benja tár
‘of the tear of warm wounds’ = BLOOD
the tear of warm wounds, → BLOOD

GKS 1008 fol: 161v/4
[5] benja: beina 972ˣ(585vb), Tóm, Bb
blood
1.1. liquid of wounds (A2)
Arn Magndr 10^II
hjǫrdynr
‘a sword-clash’ = BATTLE
a sword-clash → BATTLE

GKS 1008 fol: 161v/43
battle
2.1.1. din of swords
Arn Magndr 10^II
hilmir hǫrða
‘the ruler of the hǫrðar’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Magnús
the ruler of the Hǫrðar, → NORWEGIAN KING = Magnús

GKS 1008 fol: 161v/43
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians
Arn Magndr 10^II
skapvǫrðr himins
‘the shaping guardian of heaven’ = God
the shaping guardian of heaven → God

GKS 1008 fol: 161v/43
God
2.1. guardian of heaven
ÞjóðA Magnfl 7^II
bróðursonr Haralds
‘the brother’s son of Haraldr’ = Magnús
the brother’s son of Haraldr → Magnús

GKS 1008 fol: 162r/4
Magnús I inn góði Óláfsson (r. 1035-47)
1.2. nephew of Haraldr harðráði Sigurðarson
Sigv Lv 22^I
þengill rekka
‘of the prince of warriors’ = RULER = Sveinn/Magnús
the prince of warriors; → RULER = Sveinn/Magnús

GKS 1008 fol: 162v/36
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
1.1. lord of people
Sigv Lv 27^I
munvágr Dáins
‘of the delightful wave of Dáinn’ = POETRY
the delightful wave of Dáinn → POETRY

GKS 1008 fol: 162v/42
[2] mun‑: so Tóm
[2] ‑vágs Dáins: ‘vígs daínns’ Tóm
poetry
1.2.2. liquid of the dwarfs
Sigv Lv 27^I
hverr haldorðr boði éls skjaldar
‘every word-holding announcer of the storm of the shield’ = WARRIOR
the storm of the shield → BATTLE
Every word-holding announcer of the BATTLE → WARRIOR

GKS 1008 fol: 162v/42
[7] éls: at Tóm
[6] skjaldar: skorðar Tóm
warrior
2.5.2.1. messenger of battle
Sigv Lv 27^I
él skjaldar
‘of the storm of the shield’ = BATTLE
the storm of the shield → BATTLE

GKS 1008 fol: 162v/42
[7] éls: at Tóm
[6] skjaldar: skorðar Tóm
battle
1.2.1.2. shower of shields
Sigv Lv 26^I
ógnbandaðr
‘the battle-gesturer’ = WARRIOR
the battle-gesturer, → WARRIOR

GKS 1008 fol: 163r/2
[6] ‑bandaðr: ‑bráðr um Tóm
warrior
. man of battle
Sigv Lv 11^I
sókndjarfr arfi Haralds
‘the attack-brave heir of Haraldr’ = Óláfr
The attack-brave heir of Haraldr → Óláfr

GKS 1008 fol: 163r/13
Óláfr II inn helgi Haraldsson (r. c. 1015-1030)
1.2. heir of Haraldr inn grenski
Sigv Lv 11^I
sælan heiðis gatna hyrtælandi
‘the fortunate destroyer of the flame of the paths of the hawk’ = GENEROUS MAN
the paths of the hawk, → ARMS
the flame of ARMS → GOLD
the fortunate destroyer of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

GKS 1008 fol: 163r/13
[5] gatna: gǫtva Flat, Tóm
[6] ‑tælanda: ‑tælandi Tóm
generous man
1.14. deceiver of wealth
Sigv Lv 11^I
heiðis gatna hyrr
‘of the flame of the paths of the hawk’ = GOLD
the paths of the hawk, → ARMS
the flame of ARMS → GOLD

GKS 1008 fol: 163r/13
[5] gatna: gǫtva Flat, Tóm
gold
2.1.1. fire of the arm/hand (A1)
Sigv Lv 11^I
heiðis gata
‘of the paths of the hawk’ = ARMS
the paths of the hawk, → ARMS

GKS 1008 fol: 163r/13
[5] gatna: gǫtva Flat, Tóm
arm, hand
1.1.3. path of the bird of prey (A3)
BjHall Kálffl 8^I
mágr Finns
‘the son-in-law of Finnr’ = Þorfinnr Sigurðarson
the son-in-law of Finnr → Þorfinnr Sigurðarson

GKS 1008 fol: 163r/24
Þorfinnr Sigurðarson
1.4. relative of Finnr Árnason
BjHall Kálffl 8^I
óðfúss sonr Brúsa
‘of the ragingly eager son of Brúsi’ = Rǫgnvaldr
the ragingly eager son of Brúsi → Rǫgnvaldr

GKS 1008 fol: 163r/24
Rǫgnvaldr Brúsason (c. 1010/11-1046)
1.1. son of Brúsi Sigurðarson
Anon (HSig) 9^II
fákr fíks trolls
‘for the steeds of the greedy troll’ = WOLVES
for the steeds of the greedy troll; → WOLVES

GKS 1008 fol: 163v
[7] trolls: troll Tóm, Bb, Flat
wolf
1.1. horse of the giantess, troll-woman (A3)
ESk Geisl 37^VII
gǫfug Hǫrn hvítings
‘a noble Hǫrn of the drinking horn’ = WOMAN
A noble Hǫrn of the drinking horn → WOMAN

GKS 1008 fol: 164r/40
[2] hvítings: ‘hiorrungs’ Tóm
female, woman
7.1. female mythical being of drinking vessel (B2b)
ESk Geisl 37^VII
aumum beiðir auðar
‘of a poor seeker of riches’ = MAN
a poor seeker of riches → MAN

GKS 1008 fol: 164r/40
[3] aumum: aumir Tóm
[3] beiði: beiða Tóm
male, man
3.02.1. demander of riches
ESk Geisl 37^VII
þann njótr hodda
‘that user of treasure’ = MAN
that user of treasure, → MAN

GKS 1008 fol: 164r/40
[7] hodda njót: odda njót Tóm
male, man
3.04. enjoyer of riches

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Kennings — GKS 1008 fol (Tóm)

Jór Send 2I

GKS 1008 fol: 92r/9

Ótt Hfl 3I

GKS 1008 fol: 95r/23

Ótt Hfl 3I

GKS 1008 fol: 95r/23

Ótt Hfl 4I

GKS 1008 fol: 95r/29

Ótt Hfl 4I

GKS 1008 fol: 95r/29

Ótt Hfl 6I

GKS 1008 fol: 95r/31

Ótt Hfl 6I

GKS 1008 fol: 95r/31

Ótt Hfl 6I

GKS 1008 fol: 95r/31

Sigv Víkv 1I

GKS 1008 fol: 95r/37

Sigv Víkv 1I

GKS 1008 fol: 95r/37

Ótt Hfl 7I

GKS 1008 fol: 95v/19

Sigv Víkv 2I

GKS 1008 fol: 95v/26

Sigv Víkv 3I

GKS 1008 fol: 95v/39

Sigv Víkv 3I

GKS 1008 fol: 95v/39

Sigv Víkv 3I

GKS 1008 fol: 95v/39

Sigv Víkv 4I

GKS 1008 fol: 96r/1

Sigv Víkv 5I

GKS 1008 fol: 96r/6

Ótt Hfl 10I

GKS 1008 fol: 96v/2

Ótt Hfl 8I

GKS 1008 fol: 96v/2

Ótt Hfl 8I

GKS 1008 fol: 96v/2

Ótt Hfl 8I

GKS 1008 fol: 96v/2

Ótt Hfl 8I

GKS 1008 fol: 96v/2

Ótt Hfl 13I

GKS 1008 fol: 96v/4

Ótt Hfl 13I

GKS 1008 fol: 96v/4

Ótt Hfl 13I

GKS 1008 fol: 96v/4

Sigv Víkv 6I

GKS 1008 fol: 96v/6

Sigv Víkv 7I

GKS 1008 fol: 96v/11

Sigv Víkv 7I

GKS 1008 fol: 96v/11

Sigv Víkv 7I

GKS 1008 fol: 96v/11

Ótt Hfl 9I

GKS 1008 fol: 96v/13

Sigv Víkv 8I

GKS 1008 fol: 96v/22

Sigv Víkv 8I

GKS 1008 fol: 96v/22

Sigv Víkv 9I

GKS 1008 fol: 96v/27

Sigv Víkv 10I

GKS 1008 fol: 96v/36

Sigv Víkv 10I

GKS 1008 fol: 96v/36

Sigv Víkv 12I

GKS 1008 fol: 96v/40

Sigv Víkv 12I

GKS 1008 fol: 96v/40

Sigv Víkv 13I

GKS 1008 fol: 97r/3

Sigv Víkv 14I

GKS 1008 fol: 97r/14

Jór Send 2^I

Ótt Hfl 3^I

Ótt Hfl 3^I

Ótt Hfl 4^I

Ótt Hfl 4^I

Ótt Hfl 6^I

Ótt Hfl 6^I

Ótt Hfl 6^I

Sigv Víkv 1^I

Sigv Víkv 1^I

Ótt Hfl 7^I

Sigv Víkv 2^I

Sigv Víkv 3^I

Sigv Víkv 3^I

Sigv Víkv 3^I

Sigv Víkv 4^I

Sigv Víkv 5^I

Ótt Hfl 10^I

Ótt Hfl 8^I

Ótt Hfl 8^I

Ótt Hfl 8^I

Ótt Hfl 8^I

Ótt Hfl 13^I

Ótt Hfl 13^I

Ótt Hfl 13^I

Sigv Víkv 6^I

Sigv Víkv 7^I

Sigv Víkv 7^I

Sigv Víkv 7^I

Ótt Hfl 9^I

Sigv Víkv 8^I

Sigv Víkv 8^I

Sigv Víkv 9^I

Sigv Víkv 10^I

Sigv Víkv 10^I

Sigv Víkv 12^I

Sigv Víkv 12^I

Sigv Víkv 13^I

Sigv Víkv 14^I

Sigv Víkv 14^I

Sigv Víkv 14^I

Sigv Víkv 14^I

Hildr Lv 1^I

Hildr Lv 1^I

Hildr Lv 1^I

ÞKolb Eirdr 14^I

ÞKolb Eirdr 14^I

ÞKolb Eirdr 14^I

ÞKolb Eirdr 14^I

ÞKolb Eirdr 14^I

Ótt Hfl 14^I

Ótt Hfl 14^I

Ótt Hfl 14^I

Ótt Hfl 15^I

Ótt Hfl 15^I

Sigv Erlfl 9^I

Sigv Erlfl 9^I

Ótt Hfl 16^I

Ótt Hfl 16^I

Ótt Hfl 16^I

Ótt Hfl 16^I

Ótt Hfl 16^I

Ótt Hfl 16^I

Sigv Lv 2^I

Sigv Lv 2^I

Sigv Lv 3^I

Sigv Lv 3^I

Sigv Lv 3^I

Sigv Lv 3^I

Sigv Lv 4^I

Sigv Lv 4^I

Sigv Lv 4^I

Sigv Lv 4^I

Sigv Lv 4^I