Sigv ErfÓl 6I
Judith Jesch (ed.) 2012, ‘Sigvatr Þórðarson, Erfidrápa Óláfs helga 6’ in Diana Whaley (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 1: From Mythical Times to c. 1035. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 1. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 672.
Vissi ‘It demonstrated’
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1. vita (verb): know
þats ‘that’
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þats (conj.): that, which
[1] þats (‘þat er’): þar er 68, Holm4, 61, Flat, Tóm, þá er Bb
notes
[1] þats ‘that’: It seems that þat refers back to the implicit subject of vissi ‘demonstrated’ (impersonal in the Text, subject expressed as ‘it’ in the Translation), and that [e]s is the rel. particle (cf. NS §267a).
hvǫssum ‘sharp’
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hvass (adj.; °-an; -ari, -astr): keen, sharp
hund ‘of very’
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hundr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): hound, dog < hundmargr (adj.): immense
[2] hund‑: ‘hvn’ 325VII
mǫrgum ‘many’
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2. margr (adj.; °-an): many < hundmargr (adj.): immense
[2] ‑mǫrgum: mǫrk 321ˣ, morginn 73aˣ
lét ‘had’
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láta (verb): let, have sth done
notes
[2, 3, 4] lét … skorða skǫr ‘had the hair … cut’: Cf. Note to st. 4/5, 8. Skorða is f. acc. sg. p. p. of skora, a syncopated form of the expected skoraða. The literal sense of the verb is ‘to score, cut into’, thereby suggesting that it is not after all just a haircut (for which the variant skorna, f. acc. sg. p. p. of skera ‘cut’ would be the usual word); cf. Note to st. 4/5, 8.
grundar ‘of the land’
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grund (noun f.): earth, land
[2] grundar: grandat 68, Bb, om. 325XI 2 g
kennings
vǫrðr grundar‘the guardian of the land ’
= KING = Óláfr
the guardian of the land → KING = Óláfr
vǫrðr ‘the guardian’
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vǫrðr (noun m.; °varðar, dat. verði/vǫrð; verðir, acc. vǫrðu): guardian, defender
[3] vǫrðr: vǫrðum 68
kennings
vǫrðr grundar‘the guardian of the land ’
= KING = Óláfr
the guardian of the land → KING = Óláfr
með ‘with’
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með (prep.): with
vôpnum ‘weapons’
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vápn (noun n.; °-s; -): weapon
skorða ‘cut’
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skera (verb): cut
[3] skorða: om. Holm2, hǫrðum 321ˣ, 73aˣ, skerða 68, Holm4, 325VII, skorna 61, Bb, Flat, Tóm
notes
[2, 3, 4] lét … skorða skǫr ‘had the hair … cut’: Cf. Note to st. 4/5, 8. Skorða is f. acc. sg. p. p. of skora, a syncopated form of the expected skoraða. The literal sense of the verb is ‘to score, cut into’, thereby suggesting that it is not after all just a haircut (for which the variant skorna, f. acc. sg. p. p. of skera ‘cut’ would be the usual word); cf. Note to st. 4/5, 8.
víkingum ‘vikings’
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víkingr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): viking
[4] víkingum: víkinginn 73aˣ, víkinga 68
notes
[4] víkingum ‘vikings’: These are the Norwegians who have been causing trouble in the kingdom (see Context to st. 4); on the shades of meaning of this word, see Jesch (2001a, 49-54).
skǫr ‘the hair’
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skǫr (noun f.; °skarar; skarir): hair, planking
notes
[2, 3, 4] lét … skorða skǫr ‘had the hair … cut’: Cf. Note to st. 4/5, 8. Skorða is f. acc. sg. p. p. of skora, a syncopated form of the expected skoraða. The literal sense of the verb is ‘to score, cut into’, thereby suggesting that it is not after all just a haircut (for which the variant skorna, f. acc. sg. p. p. of skera ‘cut’ would be the usual word); cf. Note to st. 4/5, 8.
ríkis ‘power’
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ríki (noun n.; °-s; -): kingdom, power
Mildr ‘The gracious’
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mildr (adj.; °compar. -ri/-ari, superl. -astr): mild, gentle, gracious, generous
kennings
Mildr faðir Magnúss‘The gracious father of Magnús ’
= Óláfr
The gracious father of Magnús → Óláfr
Magnúss ‘of Magnús’
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2. Magnús (noun m.): Magnús
kennings
Mildr faðir Magnúss‘The gracious father of Magnús ’
= Óláfr
The gracious father of Magnús → Óláfr
faðir ‘father’
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faðir (noun m.): father
kennings
Mildr faðir Magnúss‘The gracious father of Magnús ’
= Óláfr
The gracious father of Magnús → Óláfr
gagni ‘a victory’
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1. gagn (noun n.): victory
fremð ‘the pre-eminence’
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fremð (noun f.): honour
[7] fremð: frægð 321ˣ, 73aˣ, frændr 325V, 325VII
Ôleifs ‘of Óláfr’
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Óláfr (noun m.): Óláfr
kveðk ‘I declare’
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2. kveðja (verb; kvaddi): (dd) request, address, greet
frǫmðu ‘promoted’
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fremja (verb): advance, perform
[7] frǫmðu: framði 321ˣ, 73aˣ, fundu 325VII
notes
[7] frǫmðu ‘promoted’: A past inf. within an acc. + inf. construction (kveðk) flestan sigr frǫmðu, lit. ‘(I declare) most victories to have promoted’. Past infinitives occur relatively frequently in the poem: cf. st. 12/3 gingu ‘went’, st. 13/1 vôru ‘was’ and st. 18/2 kenndu ‘taught’.
flestan ‘that most’
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fleiri (adj. comp.; °superl. flestr): more, most
notes
[8] flestan sigr ‘most victories’: Grammatically sg., ‘most victory’.
sigr ‘victories’
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sigr (noun m.; °sigrs/sigrar, dat. sigri; sigrar): victory
notes
[8] flestan sigr ‘most victories’: Grammatically sg., ‘most victory’.
digra ‘digri’
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digr (adj.; °digran; compar. digrari, superl. digrastr): fat, large
[8] digra: digri 321ˣ, 73aˣ, Tóm
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
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Vissi helzt, þats hvǫssum |
It demonstrated [his] power most clearly, that the guardian of the land [KING = Óláfr] had the hair of very many vikings cut with sharp weapons. The gracious father of Magnús [= Óláfr] brought about many a victory; I declare that most victories promoted the pre-eminence of Óláfr inn digri (‘the Stout’).
As for st. 4.
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