Matthew Townend (ed.) 2012, ‘Óttarr svarti, Hǫfuðlausn 19’ in Diana Whaley (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 1: From Mythical Times to c. 1035. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 1. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 765.
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nú (adv.): now
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ráða (verb): advise, rule, interpret, decide
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þú (pron.; °gen. þín, dat. þér, acc. þik): you
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fyr (prep.): for, over, because of, etc.
[1] þeiri: ‘þerri’ Bb
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þú (pron.; °gen. þín, dat. þér, acc. þik): you
[2, 4] goð remmir þik miklu gagni ‘God strengthens you with a great victory’: This is the only point in Hfl at which Óláfr’s success is attributed to divine favour, and indeed it is the only clear Christian reference in the poem.
[2, 4] goð remmir þik miklu gagni ‘God strengthens you with a great victory’: This is the only point in Hfl at which Óláfr’s success is attributed to divine favour, and indeed it is the only clear Christian reference in the poem.
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1. guð (noun m.; °***guðrs, guðis, gus): (Christian) God
[2, 4] goð remmir þik miklu gagni ‘God strengthens you with a great victory’: This is the only point in Hfl at which Óláfr’s success is attributed to divine favour, and indeed it is the only clear Christian reference in the poem.
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mikill (adj.; °mikinn): great, large
[2, 4] goð remmir þik miklu gagni ‘God strengthens you with a great victory’: This is the only point in Hfl at which Óláfr’s success is attributed to divine favour, and indeed it is the only clear Christian reference in the poem.
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fold (noun f.): land
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2. er (conj.): who, which, when
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forðum (adv.): formerly, once
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halda (verb): hold, keep
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fimm (num. cardinal): five
[4] fimm bragningar ‘five princes’: Snorri (ÍF 27, 101-2) identifies the five as King Hrœrekr of Heiðmǫrk (Hedmark) and his brother Hringr, Guðrøðr of Guðbrandsdalar (Gudbrandsdalen, Oppland), and the unnamed kings of Raumaríki (Romerike) and Haðaland (Hadeland).
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bragningr (noun m.; °; -ar): prince, ruler
[4] fimm bragningar ‘five princes’: Snorri (ÍF 27, 101-2) identifies the five as King Hrœrekr of Heiðmǫrk (Hedmark) and his brother Hringr, Guðrøðr of Guðbrandsdalar (Gudbrandsdalen, Oppland), and the unnamed kings of Raumaríki (Romerike) and Haðaland (Hadeland).
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1. gagn (noun n.): victory
[2, 4] goð remmir þik miklu gagni ‘God strengthens you with a great victory’: This is the only point in Hfl at which Óláfr’s success is attributed to divine favour, and indeed it is the only clear Christian reference in the poem.
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breiðr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): broad, wide
[5] Breið: breiðr 61
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
[5] eru: er Bb, J, Holm2, 68, 61, Flat
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3. austr (adv.; °compar. -ar, superl. -ast): east, in the east
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Eið (noun f.): Eið, Eiðar, Eids
[5] Eiða ‘Eiðar’: This seems to be gen. pl. of Eið, one of a number of place names based on eið n. ‘isthmus, neck of land’; LP: eið gives Ed as the modern equivalent. For discussion of Eiðar and Eiðaskógr, the forest between Norway and Sweden, see Introduction to Sigv Austv and Note to Austv 8/2.
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1. ætt (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): family < ættland (noun n.): ancestral land
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land (noun n.; °-s; *-): land < ættland (noun n.): ancestral land
[6] ‑lǫnd: land 61, Holm4, land or lǫnd Flat
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þú (pron.; °gen. þín, dat. þér, acc. þik): you
[6] þér: þik 75a, 68, sik 61, því Flat
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2. Gǫndul (noun f.): Gǫndul
[6] Gǫndlar: ‘gavnlar’ Bb, 325V, randa 61, ‘gaunnlar’ Tóm
[6] Gǫndlar ‘of Gǫndul <valkyrie>’: Alternatively, the common noun gǫndul ‘battle’. Although this valkyrie-name is quite common (see LP: Gǫndul), it is subject to a good deal of scribal variation, as here and, e.g., Sigv Nesv 7/2 and HSt Rst 18/3.
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2. Gǫndul (noun f.): Gǫndul
[6] Gǫndlar: ‘gavnlar’ Bb, 325V, randa 61, ‘gaunnlar’ Tóm
[6] Gǫndlar ‘of Gǫndul <valkyrie>’: Alternatively, the common noun gǫndul ‘battle’. Although this valkyrie-name is quite common (see LP: Gǫndul), it is subject to a good deal of scribal variation, as here and, e.g., Sigv Nesv 7/2 and HSt Rst 18/3.
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sitja (verb): sit
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eldr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i/-(HómÍsl¹(1993) 24v²⁴); -ar): fire
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eldr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i/-(HómÍsl¹(1993) 24v²⁴); -ar): fire
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þrøngvir (noun m.): forcer
[7] þrøngvir: ‘þreinger’ 75a, sløngvir 73aˣ, 61, Holm4, 325VII, þrǫngum 68
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áðr (adv.; °//): before
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2. slíkr (adj.): such
[8] láði ‘territory’: Óttarr’s grandiose claim that no-one held such territory before is somewhat incompatible with his designation of the same regions as Óláfr’s ættlǫnd ‘ancestral lands’ (l. 6).
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See Context to st. 17 above.
This stanza (and st. 18/8) is preserved on one of the surviving leaves of J, the vellum Jöfraskinna. The text in J2ˣ was copied from K and hence also belongs to the Hkr redaction, unlike the remainder of the Hfl stanzas in J2ˣ, which belong to the ÓH redaction.
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