Judith Jesch (ed.) 2012, ‘Sigvatr Þórðarson, Flokkr about Erlingr Skjálgsson 3’ in Diana Whaley (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 1: From Mythical Times to c. 1035. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 1. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 633.
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allr (adj.): all
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
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Erlingr (noun m.): Erlingr
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ungr (adj.): young
[2] ungr: ungs J2ˣ, 73aˣ, Holm4, 61, 325V, 325VII, Bb, Flat, Tóm, ungi 321ˣ, ‘yngs’ FskAˣ
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fyr (prep.): for, over, because of, etc.
[2, 4] fyr norðan Tungur; við þrǫm Bóknar ‘to the north of Tunge; by the coast of Bokn’: On Tunge, see Note to st. 2/4. Today, Bokn is the name of two islands on the north side of Boknafjorden; the larger of these, Vestre Bokn, lies north of Tunge.
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norðan (adv.): from the north
[2, 4] fyr norðan Tungur; við þrǫm Bóknar ‘to the north of Tunge; by the coast of Bokn’: On Tunge, see Note to st. 2/4. Today, Bokn is the name of two islands on the north side of Boknafjorden; the larger of these, Vestre Bokn, lies north of Tunge.
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tunga (noun f.; °-u; -ur): tongue, language
[2] Tungur: tungu Holm2, 321ˣ
[2, 4] fyr norðan Tungur; við þrǫm Bóknar ‘to the north of Tunge; by the coast of Bokn’: On Tunge, see Note to st. 2/4. Today, Bokn is the name of two islands on the north side of Boknafjorden; the larger of these, Vestre Bokn, lies north of Tunge.
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1. skeið (noun f.; °-ar; -r/-ar/-ir): ship
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2. vinna (verb): perform, work
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skip (noun n.; °-s; -): ship < skipsókn (noun f.)
[4] skip‑: skips 321ˣ, 73aˣ
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sókn (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): attack, fight < skipsókn (noun f.)
[4] ‑sókn: ‑sǫgn Holm2, J2ˣ, Tóm, ‑hǫfn 321ˣ, 73aˣ, sǫng Flat
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2. við (prep.): with, against
[2, 4] fyr norðan Tungur; við þrǫm Bóknar ‘to the north of Tunge; by the coast of Bokn’: On Tunge, see Note to st. 2/4. Today, Bokn is the name of two islands on the north side of Boknafjorden; the larger of these, Vestre Bokn, lies north of Tunge.
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þrǫmr (noun m.; °dat. þremi; gen. þrama): rail, rim
[4] þrǫm: þrym 325VII
[2, 4] fyr norðan Tungur; við þrǫm Bóknar ‘to the north of Tunge; by the coast of Bokn’: On Tunge, see Note to st. 2/4. Today, Bokn is the name of two islands on the north side of Boknafjorden; the larger of these, Vestre Bokn, lies north of Tunge.
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Bókn (noun f.): [Bokn]
[4] Bóknar: ‘bycner’ Holm2, ‘buknar’ J2ˣ, 321ˣ, 73aˣ, DG8, botnar 325VII, ‘bocknar’ Bb, FskAˣ
[2, 4] fyr norðan Tungur; við þrǫm Bóknar ‘to the north of Tunge; by the coast of Bokn’: On Tunge, see Note to st. 2/4. Today, Bokn is the name of two islands on the north side of Boknafjorden; the larger of these, Vestre Bokn, lies north of Tunge.
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2. einn (pron.; °decl. cf. einn num.): one, alone
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standa (verb): stand
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sonr (noun m.; °-ar, dat. syni; synir, acc. sonu, syni): son
[5] sonr: stór 73aˣ, ‘s(n)or’(?) FskAˣ
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snarr (adj.): gallant, bold
[6] Skjalgs ‘of Skjálgr’: Erlingr’s father Þórólfr bore the nickname Skjálgr ‘the Squinting’, which also functions as if a forename; cf. also st. 4/4 and Note.
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vinr (noun m.; °-ar, dat. -/(-i OsvReyk 92.17); -ir): friend
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fjarri (adv.): far, far from it, unlikely
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lyfting (noun f.; °-ar, dat. -u, acc. -): after-deck
[7] lyptingu ‘the after-deck’: Often translated ‘poop(-deck)’, this appears to be a raised part of the deck in the after-stem of a ship, possibly enclosed in some way for extra protection, and the rightful place of the expedition leader. Certainly, Snorri (ÍF 27, 315) imagined Erlingr defending himself from a position in a rúm mikit ... í lyptingunni ‘large space (or seat?) in the lypting’ which is high up and inaccessible to his attackers except by arrows or spears. There is, however, little archaeological evidence for its appearance (see Jesch 2001a, 153, and Note to Arn Hryn 10/1II).
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lengi (adv.): for a long time
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læ (noun n.): deceit, treachery < lætrauðr (adj.)
[8] læ‑: ‘la’ Bb, ‘let’ FskAˣ
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trauðr (adj.): reluctant < lætrauðr (adj.)
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
In ÓH-Hkr and Fsk, Erlingr’s ship is surrounded and everyone on board killed except Erlingr, who stands tall in the after-deck of his ship. ÓHLeg describes similar events but also anticipates Erlingr’s capture. This stanza, Sigv Erl and st. 8 are then cited, with only minimal introductions in between, then further narrative follows.
[1-4]: The helmingr is stælt ‘intercalated, inlaid’, with the two middle lines forming an independent clause; cf. SnSt Ht 12III and Context, and cf. Note to st. 2/1-4 above. — [2-3]: The word order is unusual, with parts of the subject and object, as well as a prepositional phrase, preceding the finite verb, but parallels are to be found in intercalary clauses in Ill Har 2/2-3II and SnSt Ht 12/2-3, 6-7III.
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