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skaldic

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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ÞSjár Róðdr 1I

Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2012, ‘Þórðr Særeksson (Sjáreksson), Róðudrápa 1’ in Diana Whaley (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 1: From Mythical Times to c. 1035. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 1. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 243.

Þórðr Særeksson (Sjáreksson)Róðudrápa1

engla ‘’

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Englar (noun m.): English people

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Egða ‘of the Egðir’

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Egðir (noun m.): the Egðir

[1] Egða: engla 68

kennings

dróttinn Egða,
‘lord of the Egðir, ’
   = NORWEGIAN KING

lord of the Egðir, → NORWEGIAN KING

notes

[1] dróttinn Egða ‘lord of the Egðir [NORWEGIAN KING]’: The 68 variant dróttinn Engla ‘lord of the English’ must have been introduced because the scribe mistakenly thought that the poem was composed in honour of Knútr rather than Óláfr: Þoroddr scald Siarecsson orti drapo eptir knut konung ‘the poet Þóroddr [sic] Sjáreksson composed a drápa in memory of King Knútr’.

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dróttinn ‘lord’

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dróttinn (noun m.; °dróttins, dat. dróttni (drottini [$1049$]); dróttnar): lord, master

[1] dróttinn: om. Tóm

kennings

dróttinn Egða,
‘lord of the Egðir, ’
   = NORWEGIAN KING

lord of the Egðir, → NORWEGIAN KING

notes

[1] dróttinn Egða ‘lord of the Egðir [NORWEGIAN KING]’: The 68 variant dróttinn Engla ‘lord of the English’ must have been introduced because the scribe mistakenly thought that the poem was composed in honour of Knútr rather than Óláfr: Þoroddr scald Siarecsson orti drapo eptir knut konung ‘the poet Þóroddr [sic] Sjáreksson composed a drápa in memory of King Knútr’.

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Ôleifr ‘Óláfr’

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Óláfr (noun m.): Óláfr

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hrímu ‘’

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þrymu ‘’

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þryma (noun f.): [thunder]

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þrimu ‘a clash’

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þrima (noun f.): battle, din

[2] þrimu: þrumu Kˣ, Flat, Tóm, þrymu 73aˣ, 61, ‘hrimu’ Bb

kennings

þrimu stála
‘a clash of swords ’
   = BATTLE

a clash of swords → BATTLE
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stála ‘of swords’

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1. stál (noun n.; °-s; -): steel, weapon, prow

kennings

þrimu stála
‘a clash of swords ’
   = BATTLE

a clash of swords → BATTLE
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við ‘with’

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2. við (prep.): with, against

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ágætan ‘the splendid’

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ágætr (adj.; °compar. ágǽtari/ágǽtri, superl. ágǽtastr/ágǽztr): excellent

[3] ágætan: ágæta Bb

kennings

ágætan ǫðling Jóta,
‘the splendid ruler of the Jótar, ’
   = DANISH KING = Knútr

the splendid ruler of the Jótar, → DANISH KING = Knútr
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Jóta ‘of the Jótar’

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Jóti (noun m.; °; -ar): one of the Jótar

kennings

ágætan ǫðling Jóta,
‘the splendid ruler of the Jótar, ’
   = DANISH KING = Knútr

the splendid ruler of the Jótar, → DANISH KING = Knútr
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ǫðling ‘ruler’

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ǫðlingr (noun m.; °; -ar): prince, ruler

[4] ǫðling: ǫðlingr 75c

kennings

ágætan ǫðling Jóta,
‘the splendid ruler of the Jótar, ’
   = DANISH KING = Knútr

the splendid ruler of the Jótar, → DANISH KING = Knútr
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gaf ‘’

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gefa (verb): give

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klauf ‘’

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kljúfa (verb): cleave

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klýfr ‘cleaves’

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1. klyfja (verb): [cleaves, cloven]

[4] klýfr: klauf Holm2, 972ˣ, J2ˣ, 321ˣ, 73aˣ, 61, 75c, 325V, Bb, Tóm, 325IX 2, 325XI 1, FskAˣ, klauf corrected in the margin to klýfr Kˣ, gaf Flat

notes

[4] klýfr (3rd pers. sg. pres. indic.) ‘cleaves’: The pres. tense of the verb has been retained because Knútr Sveinsson died on 12 November 1035, and was most likely alive when the poem was composed. The designation of Knútr as one who klýfr hringa ‘cleaves rings’ is a stereotypical reference to princely generosity.

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skautat ‘’

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skjóta (verb): shoot

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Skaut ‘shot’

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skjóta (verb): shoot

[5] Skaut nær: ‘scꜹ(r)t ner’(?) Holm2, skautat 75c, skaut at Bb, Flat, skaut náir Tóm

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náir ‘’

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1. ná (verb): reach, get, manage

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nær ‘rather’

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nær (adv.): near, almost; when

[5] Skaut nær: ‘scꜹ(r)t ner’(?) Holm2, skautat 75c, skaut at Bb, Flat, skaut náir Tóm

notes

[5] nær ‘rather’: The word is taken as an adv. modifying skarpt ‘sharply’ (so also Skj B, Skald and ÍF 27; see also Fritzner: nær 9). Bjarni Einarsson (ÍF 29) treats it as a prep. with hnum, hence ‘near him’ (l. 6). That reading is not possible, however, because monosyllabic proclitic prepositions are never separated from the nouns they modify.

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skarft ‘’

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skarpr (adj.): sharp, bitter

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skarpt ‘sharply’

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skarpr (adj.): sharp, bitter

[5] skarpt: ‘skarft’ 321ˣ, 325VII, Flat, skart 61, ‘sk[...]t’ 325XI 1, skapt DG8, FskAˣ

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í ‘’

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í (prep.): in, into

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á ‘’

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3. á (prep.): on, at

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at ‘’

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3. at (prep.): at, to

[5] at: á 61, DG8, í 75c, ‘[...]’ 325XI 1

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móti ‘against’

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móti (prep.): against

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skánuga ‘’

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Skônunga ‘of the Skônungar’

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Skánungr (noun m.; °; -ar): one of the Skánungar

[6] Skônunga: ‘skanvga’ Bb

kennings

Gramr Skônunga
‘The sovereign of the Skônungar ’
   = DANISH KING = Knútr

The sovereign of the Skônungar → DANISH KING = Knútr
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gramr ‘The sovereign’

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1. gramr (noun m.): ruler

kennings

Gramr Skônunga
‘The sovereign of the Skônungar ’
   = DANISH KING = Knútr

The sovereign of the Skônungar → DANISH KING = Knútr
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Sveins ‘of Sveinn’

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2. Sveinn (noun m.): Sveinn

kennings

sonr Sveins
‘the son of Sveinn ’
   = Knútr

the son of Sveinn → Knútr
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varð ‘’

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1. verða (verb): become, be

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vasa ‘was not’

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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am

[7] vasa (‘vara’): varð 972ˣ, varat 73aˣ, 61, 325V, 325VII, Tóm, FskAˣ, var 75c, Flat, DG8, ‘[...]’ 325XI 1

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sonr ‘the son’

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sonr (noun m.; °-ar, dat. syni; synir, acc. sonu, syni): son

[7] sonr: son Tóm, ‘s[…]nr’ 325XI 1

kennings

sonr Sveins
‘the son of Sveinn ’
   = Knútr

the son of Sveinn → Knútr
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at ‘to’

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5. at (nota): to (with infinitive)

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reyna ‘test’

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reyna (verb): test, try, experience

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slækr ‘’

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slæfr ‘’

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slægr ‘’

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2. slœgr (adj.): skilful

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slær ‘weak’

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slær (adj.): [weak, blunt]

[8] slær: slægr Flat, ‘slæfr’ Tóm, ‘slækr’ DG8

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þaut ‘howled’

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þjóta (verb): roar

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ulfr ‘the wolf’

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1. ulfr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): wolf

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í ‘’

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í (prep.): in, into

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of ‘over’

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3. of (prep.): around, from; too

[8] of: í 972ˣ, 325IX 2, DG8

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hræði ‘’

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hrœði (noun f.): °røre, uro

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hrævi ‘carrion’

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hræ (noun n.; °; -): corpse, carrion

[8] hrævi: ‘hręði’ 75c, ‘h[...]’ 325XI 1

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Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses

This battle is also commemorated in Ótt Knútdr 11 and (probably) Sigv Knútdr 9; on the location, see Note to Ótt Knútdr 11/3.

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