Sigv Austv 20I
R. D. Fulk (ed.) 2012, ‘Sigvatr Þórðarson, Austrfararvísur 20’ in Diana Whaley (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 1: From Mythical Times to c. 1035. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 1. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 611.
spakt ‘’
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spakr (adj.): quiet, gentle, wise
Spackr ‘’
notes
[1] spakr Ulfr lét ‘wise Úlfr caused’: This Úlfr cannot be identified with certainty, and some scholars have emended. (a) The most obvious identification, in the light of bróður Ulfs ‘Úlfr’s brother’ in st. 19/8, is with Rǫgnvaldr’s son, though Finnur Jónsson (1932, 19; 1934a, 38) objects that he would have been too young, sixteen at most, at this time, and therefore hardly likely to be called spakr. (b) A further possibility is Rǫgnvaldr’s father (though see Toll 1930-3, 541-2). (c) Finnur Jónsson (Skj B) reads sunr ... Ulfs ‘the son of Úlfr’, in reference to Rǫgnvaldr, but Ulfs is the reading only of 75a and 73a, while sunr does not appear in any ms. (d) Gering (1912, 135-6) suggests jarl for Ulfr, a reading also entertained by Finnur Jónsson (see Skj BI, 682), though cf. Kock (NN §3032).
lézk ‘’
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láta (verb): let, have sth done
notes
[1] spakr Ulfr lét ‘wise Úlfr caused’: This Úlfr cannot be identified with certainty, and some scholars have emended. (a) The most obvious identification, in the light of bróður Ulfs ‘Úlfr’s brother’ in st. 19/8, is with Rǫgnvaldr’s son, though Finnur Jónsson (1932, 19; 1934a, 38) objects that he would have been too young, sixteen at most, at this time, and therefore hardly likely to be called spakr. (b) A further possibility is Rǫgnvaldr’s father (though see Toll 1930-3, 541-2). (c) Finnur Jónsson (Skj B) reads sunr ... Ulfs ‘the son of Úlfr’, in reference to Rǫgnvaldr, but Ulfs is the reading only of 75a and 73a, while sunr does not appear in any ms. (d) Gering (1912, 135-6) suggests jarl for Ulfr, a reading also entertained by Finnur Jónsson (see Skj BI, 682), though cf. Kock (NN §3032).
vvllr ‘’
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Ullr (noun m.): Ullr
ylfr ‘’
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ylfr (adj.)
ulf ‘’
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1. ulfr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): wolf
ulfs ‘’
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1. ulfr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): wolf
Ulfr ‘Úlfr’
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3. Ulfr (noun m.): Úlfr
[1] Ulfr: ‘ylfr’ R686ˣ, ulfs 75a, 73aˣ, ulf 325VII, ‘vvllr’ Bb
notes
[1] spakr Ulfr lét ‘wise Úlfr caused’: This Úlfr cannot be identified with certainty, and some scholars have emended. (a) The most obvious identification, in the light of bróður Ulfs ‘Úlfr’s brother’ in st. 19/8, is with Rǫgnvaldr’s son, though Finnur Jónsson (1932, 19; 1934a, 38) objects that he would have been too young, sixteen at most, at this time, and therefore hardly likely to be called spakr. (b) A further possibility is Rǫgnvaldr’s father (though see Toll 1930-3, 541-2). (c) Finnur Jónsson (Skj B) reads sunr ... Ulfs ‘the son of Úlfr’, in reference to Rǫgnvaldr, but Ulfs is the reading only of 75a and 73a, while sunr does not appear in any ms. (d) Gering (1912, 135-6) suggests jarl for Ulfr, a reading also entertained by Finnur Jónsson (see Skj BI, 682), though cf. Kock (NN §3032).
meðan ‘’
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meðan (conj.): while
okkar ‘’
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okkarr (pron.; °f. okkur; pl. okkrir): our
Áleif ‘’
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Áleifr (noun m.)
rekit ‘’
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2. reka (verb): drive, force
môlum ‘proposals’
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1. mál (noun n.; °-s; -): speech, matter
þétt ‘watertight’
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þéttr (adj.): dense, watertight
[3] þétt: so Kˣ, þau Holm2, 325V, R686ˣ, 972ˣ, 325VI, 75a, 73aˣ, 61, 68, Holm4, 325VII, Flat, Tóm, Bb
notes
[3] þétt ‘watertight’: Or ‘dense’. The variant þau ‘those’ makes reasonable sense, but it does not supply the necessary hending.
fundum ‘’
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2. finna (verb): find, meet
fengu ‘’
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2. fá (verb; °fǽr; fekk, fengu; fenginn): get, receive
fengum ‘we [I] received’
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2. fá (verb; °fǽr; fekk, fengu; fenginn): get, receive
[3] fengum: fundum 325V, fengu 61, Flat, Tóm, Bb
vér ‘’
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vér (pron.; °gen. vár, dat./acc. oss): we, us, our
þangat ‘’
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þangat (adv.): there, thither
sættar ‘’
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sætt (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): settlement
setta ‘’
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sétti (num. ordinal): [sixth]
sætta ‘’
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sætt (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): settlement
sátta ‘the peace’
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sátt (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): settlement
[3] sátta: so Kˣ, setta Holm2, 325V, sætta R686ˣ, 972ˣ, 75a, 73aˣ, 68, Flat, Tóm, Bb, sættar 325VI, Holm4, 325VII, þangat 61
sátt ‘’
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sátt (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): settlement
sackar ‘’
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sǫk (noun f.; °sakar; sakar/sakir): cause, offence
sakir ‘’
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sǫk (noun f.; °sakar; sakar/sakir): cause, offence
svǫr ‘’
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svar (noun n.; °; -*): answer
eru ‘’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
sakar ‘conflict’
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sǫk (noun f.; °sakar; sakar/sakir): cause, offence
[4] sakar: sátt R686ˣ, sakir 75a, 73aˣ, þat eru svǫr 61, ‘sackar’ Tóm
notes
[4] it leggið sakar ‘you two are putting aside conflict’: Ternström (1871, 52) regards the verb as imp.
konungr ‘’
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konungr (noun m.; °dat. -i, -s; -ar): king
leggi ‘’
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leggja (verb): put, lay
leggið ‘are putting aside’
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leggja (verb): put, lay
[4] leggið: leggi 325V, R686ˣ, 325VI, 73aˣ, Holm4, 325VII, Flat, Tóm, konungr 61
notes
[4] it leggið sakar ‘you two are putting aside conflict’: Ternström (1871, 52) regards the verb as imp.
gørva ‘’
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gǫrva (adv.): fully
it ‘you two’
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it (pron.; °gen. ykkar, dat./acc. ykkr): you (two)
[4] it beggja: gørva 61
notes
[4] it leggið sakar ‘you two are putting aside conflict’: Ternström (1871, 52) regards the verb as imp.
gørva ‘’
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1. gera (verb): do, make
beggja ‘both’
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báðir (pron.; °gen. beggja (báðra), nom./acc. n. bǽði): both
[4] it beggja: gørva 61
ber ‘’
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3. bera (verb; °berr; bar, báru; borinn): bear, carry
er ‘’
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2. er (conj.): who, which, when
þá ‘’
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2. þá (adv.): then
þar ‘’
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þar (adv.): there
Þér ‘to you’
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þú (pron.; °gen. þín, dat. þér, acc. þik): you
[5] Þér: ber 325V, þar 972ˣ, Flat, Tóm, þá er 61
ek ‘’
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ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me
jǫfra ‘’
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jǫfurr (noun m.): ruler, prince
jǫfra ‘’
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jǫfurr (noun m.): ruler, prince
þjófa ‘of thieves’
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þjófr (noun m.; °dat. -i/-; -ar): thief
[5] þjófa: jǫfra corrected from ‘þíofa’ (?) 61, jǫfra 68
kennings
rýrir aldar þjófa,‘destroyer of the race of thieves, ’
= JUST RULER = Óláfr
destroyer of the race of thieves, → JUST RULER = Óláfr
rýrir ‘destroyer’
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rýrir (noun m.): diminsher, destroyer
kennings
rýrir aldar þjófa,‘destroyer of the race of thieves, ’
= JUST RULER = Óláfr
destroyer of the race of thieves, → JUST RULER = Óláfr
þér ‘’
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þú (pron.; °gen. þín, dat. þér, acc. þik): you
þær ‘those [conflicts]’
[6] þær: þér 61
sem ‘as if’
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sem (conj.): as, which
væri ‘had been’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
sok ‘’
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sǫk (noun f.; °sakar; sakar/sakir): cause, offence
riptr ‘’
riptar ‘on account of treaty-breaking’
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2. ript (noun f.): breach
[7] riptar: riptr R686ˣ, ‘ripptar sok’ Bb
ræknar ‘’
heptir ‘’
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hefta (verb): restrain, end
heiptr ‘’
heiptir ‘enmity’
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heift (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): hatred, enmity
[7] heiptir: ‘heiptr’ R686ˣ, heptir Bb
regn ‘’
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regn (noun n.; °-s; -): rain < regnvaldr (noun m.)
Rǫgn ‘Rǫgn’
[8] Rǫgn‑: ‘regn‑’ 325VII
valds ‘’
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valdr (noun m.): ruler < Rǫgnvaldr (noun m.): Rǫgnvaldr
valdr ‘valdr’
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valdr (noun m.): ruler < Rǫgnvaldr (noun m.): Rǫgnvaldrvaldr (noun m.): ruler < regnvaldr (noun m.)
[8] ‑valdr: ‑valds Kˣ
gefan ‘’
gefir ‘’
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gefa (verb): give
kveðit ‘’
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2. kveðja (verb; kvaddi): (dd) request, address, greet
gefit ‘conceded’
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gefa (verb): give
[8] gefit: ‘gefan’ R686ˣ, kveðit 325VI, Holm4, 325VII, Flat, Tóm, ‘gefir’ 68
aldar ‘of the race’
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ǫld (noun f.; °; aldir): people, age
kennings
rýrir aldar þjófa,‘destroyer of the race of thieves, ’
= JUST RULER = Óláfr
destroyer of the race of thieves, → JUST RULER = Óláfr
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
|
Spakr lét Ulfr meðal ykkar, |
Wise Úlfr caused to be adopted the peace proposals between you both, Óláfr; we [I] received watertight replies; you two are putting aside conflict. Rǫgnvaldr caused those [conflicts] to be conceded to you, destroyer of the race of thieves [JUST RULER = Óláfr], as if no enmity on account of treaty-breaking had been perpetrated.
As for st. 17.
[5-8]: The general sense seems to be that all past differences will be forgotten, but the syntax and especially the status of þær (f. nom./acc. pl.) ‘those’ in l. 6 are somewhat elusive. In the present interpretation (which is close to those of Kock (NN §171), ÍF 27 and Hkr 1991), þær ‘those’ is assumed to refer back to f. pl. sakar ‘conflicts’. Finnur Jónsson (Skj B) instead takes þær to modify heiptir in l. 7, and he interprets the helmingr to mean ‘Just ruler, Rǫgnvaldr declared that it was an easy matter for you to forgo pursuing further the indignation over the breach of the peace’. Ternström’s interpretation is similar, but he would have þjófa rýrir … aldar ‘destroyer of the race of thieves’ in ll. 5, 8 describe Rǫgnvaldr.
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