Kennings — Einarr Skúlason

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• ESk Elfv 1^II

  marblakkr
  ‘of the sea-steed’ = SHIP
  the sea-steed → SHIP

  ship, boat
  1.1.1.1. horse of the sea

• ESk Elfv 1^II

  Glaumr gýgjar
  ‘to the Glaumr of the troll-woman’ = WOLF
  to the Glaumr of the troll-woman; → WOLF

  wolf
  1.1. horse of the giantess, troll-woman (A3)

• ESk Elfv 1^II

  heitu gjalfr unda
  ‘by the hot surge of wounds’ = BLOOD
  by the hot surge of wounds; → BLOOD

  blood
  1.1. liquid of wounds (A2)

• ESk Elfv 1^II

  varmt ǫlðr vitnis
  ‘the warm ale of the wolf’ = BLOOD
  the warm ale of the wolf → BLOOD

  blood
  2.2. drink of the wolf (A3)

• ESk Elfv 1^II

  men Karmtar
  ‘the necklace of Karmøy’ = SEA
  the necklace of Karmøy. → SEA

  sea
  1.3. necklace of the land

• ESk Elfv 2^II

  dýr grœðis
  ‘animals of the ocean’ = SHIPS
  animals of the ocean; → SHIPS

  ship, boat
  1.1.2. wild animal of the sea

• ESk Elfv 2^II

  rymr rítar
  ‘the noise of the shield’ = BATTLE
  the noise of the shield. → BATTLE

  battle
  2.1.3. din of shields

• ESk Eystdr 1^II

  sogns sára mágrennir
  ‘seagull-feeder of the fjord of wounds’ = WARRIOR
  the fjord of wounds, → BLOOD
  the seagull of the BLOOD → RAVEN/EAGLE
  the feeder of the RAVEN/EAGLE → WARRIOR

  warrior
  3.1.01. feeder of the bird of battlefield

• ESk Eystdr 1^II

  sogns sára már
  ‘of the seagull of the fjord of wounds’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
  the fjord of wounds, → BLOOD
  the seagull of the BLOOD → RAVEN/EAGLE

  raven/eagle
  1.2. bird of blood (A2)

• ESk Eystdr 1^II

  Sogn sára
  ‘of the fjord of wounds’ = BLOOD
  the fjord of wounds, → BLOOD

  blood
  1.1. liquid of wounds (A2)

• ESk Eystdr 1^II

  þreytir drasils hranna
  ‘the tester of the steed of waves’ = SEAFARER
  the steed of waves → SHIP
  the tester of the SHIP → SEAFARER

  seafarer
  1.1.15. tester of the ship

• ESk Eystdr 1^II

  drasill hranna
  ‘of the steed of waves’ = SHIP
  the steed of waves → SHIP

  ship, boat
  1.1.1.1. horse of the sea

• ESk Eystdr 1^II

  hraustr nistir hræskúfs
  ‘the bold feeder of the carrion-skua’ = WARRIOR
  the carrion-skua → RAVEN/EAGLE
  the bold feeder of the RAVEN/EAGLE → WARRIOR

  warrior
  3.1.01. feeder of the bird of battlefield

• ESk Eystdr 1^II

  hræskúfr
  ‘of the carrion-skua’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
  the carrion-skua → RAVEN/EAGLE

  raven/eagle
  1.3. bird of the corpse (A2)

• ESk Eystdr 1^II

  sonr Maddaðar
  ‘Maddaðr’s son’ = Haraldr
  Maddaðr’s son; → Haraldr

  Haraldr Maddaðarson
  . son of Maddaðr

• ESk Frag 1^III

  hôr vafrlogi skála heims
  ‘the high flickering flame of the world’s hall’ = SUN
  the world’s hall → SKY
  the high flickering flame of the SKY → SUN

  sun
  1.1.1. fire of sky/heaven

• ESk Frag 1^III

  skáli heims
  ‘of the world’s hall’ = SKY
  the world’s hall → SKY

  sky/heaven
  1.5. house of the world

• ESk Frag 1^III

  Beita borgar bálgrimmustum
  ‘most fire-hostile of Beiti’s stronghold’ = GENEROUS MAN
  to the fire of Beiti’s stronghold. → GOLD
  most hostile of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

  generous man

• ESk Frag 1^III

  Beita borg bál
  ‘to the fire of Beiti’s stronghold’ = GOLD
  to the fire of Beiti’s stronghold. → GOLD

  gold
  1.1.1. fire of the sea (A1)

• ESk Frag 1^III

  Beita borg
  ‘of Beiti’s stronghold’ = SEA
  to the fire of Beiti’s stronghold. → GOLD
  most hostile of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

  sea
  2.3. dwelling of the sea-king

• ESk Frag 2^III

  geðsnjallr folkvǫrðr
  ‘the quick-witted guardian of the people’ = RULER
  The quick-witted guardian of the people → RULER

  chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
  1.3. guardian of people

• ESk Frag 2^III

  faldr snáks
  ‘the headdress of the serpent’ = HELMET
  the headdress of the serpent → HELMET

  helmet
  1.4. headgear of the serpent

• ESk Frag 2^III

  frœknu fjall skarar
  ‘his heroic mountain of hair’ = HEAD
  his heroic mountain of hair; → HEAD

  head
  1.1. place of the hair (A1b and A3)

• ESk Frag 2^III

  konungr hǫrða
  ‘of the king of the hǫrðar’ = NORWEGIAN KING
  the king of the Hǫrðar → NORWEGIAN KING

  Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
  1.1. ruler of the Norwegians

• ESk Frag 3^III

  ítrserkr flœðar jastar
  ‘the splendid shirt of the yeast’s flood’ = DRINKING HORN
  the yeast’s flood; → BEER
  the splendid shirt of the BEER → DRINKING HORN

  drinking horn
  3. shirt of the drink

• ESk Frag 3^III

  flœð jastar
  ‘of the yeast’s flood’ = BEER
  the yeast’s flood; → BEER

  ale/beer
  1. liquid of ale components

• ESk Frag 3^III

  bjóðr fjarðbáls
  ‘ may the donor of fjord-fire’ = GENEROUS MAN
  fjord-fire → GOLD
  may the donor of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

  generous man
  2.5.1. offerer of gold

• ESk Frag 3^III

  fjarðbál
  ‘of fjord-fire’ = GOLD
  fjord-fire → GOLD

  gold
  1.1.1. fire of the sea (A1)

• ESk Frag 4^III

  segl Hildar
  ‘Hildr’s sail’ = SHIELD
  Hildr’s sail → SHIELD

  shield
  12.1. sail of the valkyrie

• ESk Frag 4^III

  mestum glymvindr Gǫndlar
  ‘the strongest roaring wind of Gǫndul’ = BATTLE
  the strongest roaring wind of Gǫndul → BATTLE

  battle
  1.1.3. storm/wind of the valkyrie

• ESk Frag 4^III

  hagl strengjar
  ‘hail of the bow-string’ = ARROWS
  hail of the bow-string → ARROWS

  arrow
  1.1. shower of the bow

• ESk Frag 5^III

  ætt ins helga Óláfs
  ‘the kinsman of the holy Óláfr’ = NORWEGIAN KING
  The kinsman of the holy Óláfr → NORWEGIAN KING

  Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
  4. relative of the Norwegian king

• ESk Frag 5^III

  leygr sólar skipa
  ‘the flame of the ships’ sun’ = SWORD
  the ships’ sun → SHIELD
  the flame of the SHIELD → SWORD

  sword
  1.1.02.1. fire of the shield

• ESk Frag 5^III

  sól skipa
  ‘of the ships’ sun’ = SHIELD
  the ships’ sun → SHIELD

  shield
  1.01. heavenly body of the ship

• ESk Frag 6^III

  dýrr magnandi dolgskára
  ‘the splendid strengthener of the battle-gull’ = WARRIOR
  the battle-gull → RAVEN/EAGLE
  The splendid strengthener of the RAVEN/EAGLE → WARRIOR

  warrior
  3.1.05. strengthener of the bird of battlefield

• ESk Frag 6^III

  dolgskári
  ‘of the battle-gull’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
  the battle-gull → RAVEN/EAGLE

  raven/eagle
  1.1. bird of battle (A2)

• ESk Frag 6^III

  dýrum Garmr bliksólar
  ‘the splendid Garmr of the gleam-sun’ = WEAPON
  the gleam-sun; → SHIELD
  the splendid Garmr of the SHIELD → WEAPON

  weapon
  . dog of the shield

• ESk Frag 6^III

  bliksól
  ‘of the gleam-sun’ = SHIELD
  the gleam-sun; → SHIELD

  shield
  1.10. sun of the gleam

• ESk Frag 6^III

  harmr fermu Hugins
  ‘the grief of Huginn’s food’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
  Huginn’s food → CORPSES
  the grief of CORPSES → RAVEN/EAGLE

  raven/eagle
  4. harm of the corpse (A3)

• ESk Frag 6^III

  ferma Hugins
  ‘of Huginn’s food’ = CORPSES
  Huginn’s food → CORPSES

  corpse, slain
  1.1. food of the raven/eagle

• ESk Frag 8^III

  sámleitum faxi jarnsǫxu
  ‘of jarnsaxa’s swarthy steed’ = WOLF
  Jarnsaxa’s swarthy steed → WOLF

  wolf
  1.1. horse of the giantess, troll-woman (A3)

• ESk Frag 8^III

  beita Gera
  ‘Geri’s bait’ = CORPSES
  Geri’s bait; → CORPSES

  corpse, slain
  1.2. food of the wolf

• ESk Frag 8^III

  matr arnar
  ‘food of the eagle’ = CORPSES
  food of the eagle → CORPSES

  corpse, slain
  1.1. food of the raven/eagle

• ESk Frag 9^III

  blakkr strindar svana
  ‘the steed of the land of swans’ = SHIP
  the land of swans → SEA
  the steed of the SEA → SHIP

  ship, boat
  1.1.1.1. horse of the sea

• ESk Frag 9^III

  strind svana
  ‘of the land of swans’ = SEA
  the land of swans → SEA

  sea
  6.1. land of the aquatic bird

• ESk Frag 9^III

  snægrund
  ‘the snow-ground’ = Iceland
  the snow-ground → Iceland

  Iceland
  1. land of snow

• ESk Frag 10^III

  dynstrǫnd dorgar
  ‘the roaring beach of the trolling-line’ = SEA
  the roaring beach of the trolling-line → SEA

  sea
  7.1. land of the fishing-line

• ESk Frag 11^III

  holmfjǫturr
  ‘the island-fetter’ = SEA
  The island-fetter → SEA

  sea
  1.2. band/fetter of the land

• ESk Frag 11^III

  hrafn gráns Heita
  ‘the horse of the hostile Heiti’ = SHIP
  the horse of the hostile Heiti; → SHIP

  ship, boat
  1.3.1.1. horse of the sea-king

• ESk Frag 12^III

  haustkǫld holmrǫnd
  ‘the autumn-cold island-rim’ = SEA
  The autumn-cold island-rim → SEA

  sea
  1.9. rim of the land

• ESk Frag 12^III

  héldum andr varar
  ‘the rime-covered ski of the wake’ = SHIP
  the rime-covered ski of the wake. → SHIP

  ship, boat
  2.1. ski of the sea

• ESk Frag 13^III

  sverrigjǫrð svalra landa
  ‘the swirling girdle of cool lands’ = SEA
  The swirling girdle of cool lands → SEA

  sea
  1.1. belt of the land

• ESk Frag 14^III

  flugastraumr Rakna
  ‘the cascade of Rakni’ = SEA
  the cascade of Rakni; → SEA

  sea
  8.1. liquid of the sea-king

• ESk Frag 14^III

  bǫl dúks
  ‘the harm of the sail’ = WIND
  the harm of the sail → WIND

  storm, wind
  3. harm of the sail

• ESk Frag 14^III

  bifgrund
  ‘the trembling ground’ = SEA
  the trembling ground → SEA

  sea
  14. half-kennings

• ESk Frag 15^III

  glóð flóðs
  ‘embers of the flood’ = GOLD
  embers of the flood. → GOLD

  gold
  1.1.1.2. fire of the flood (A1)

• ESk Frag 16^III

  almsorg
  ‘the grief of the elm-tree’ = WIND
  the grief of the elm-tree → WIND

  storm, wind
  1.3. sorrow of the tree

• ESk Frag 16^III

  élsnúinn þjalmi Manar
  ‘the storm-twisted enclosure of Man’ = SEA
  the storm-twisted enclosure of Man. → SEA

  sea
  1.8. snare of the land

• ESk Frag 17^III

  hraustum grennir skúfs Gǫndlar
  ‘the valiant feeder of Gǫndul’s skua’ = WARRIOR
  Gǫndul’s skua; → RAVEN/EAGLE
  the valiant feeder of the RAVEN/EAGLE → WARRIOR

  warrior
  3.1.01. feeder of the bird of battlefield

• ESk Frag 17^III

  skúfr Gǫndlar
  ‘of Gǫndul’s skua’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
  Gǫndul’s skua; → RAVEN/EAGLE

  raven/eagle
  2.1. bird of the valkyrie (A2)

• ESk Frag 18^III

  viðr varra
  ‘the wood of the wake’ = SHIP
  the wood of the wake; → SHIP

  ship, boat
  3.1. tree of the sea

• ESk Geisl 1^VII

  ins snjalla ráðandi alls
  ‘of the eloquent ruler of all’ = God
  the eloquent ruler of all. → God

  God
  1.6. lord of all

• ESk Geisl 1^VII

  gunnǫflugr geisli sólar miskunnar
  ‘the battle-strong beam of the sun of mercy’ = Christ/Óláfr
  the sun of mercy → God
  The battle-strong beam of GOD → Christ/Óláfr

  Jesus Christ

• ESk Geisl 1^VII

  sól miskunnar
  ‘of the sun of mercy’ = God
  the sun of mercy → God

  God
  . sun of mercy

• ESk Geisl 2^VII

  vísi veðr-hallar
  ‘the prince of the wind-hall’ = God
  the wind-hall, → SKY/HEAVEN
  the prince of the SKY/HEAVEN → God

  Jesus Christ
  1.01. lord of sky/heaven

• ESk Geisl 2^VII

  veðr-hǫll
  ‘of the wind-hall’ = SKY/HEAVEN
  the wind-hall, → SKY/HEAVEN

  sky/heaven
  1.1.1. house of storm/wind

• ESk Geisl 2^VII

  skýjaðarr
  ‘the cloud-rim’ = SKY/HEAVEN
  the cloud-rim; → SKY/HEAVEN

  sky/heaven

• ESk Geisl 3^VII

  ljós sólar heilags siðar
  ‘the light of the sun of holy faith’ = Christ
  the sun of holy faith → God
  The light of GOD → Christ

  Jesus Christ

• ESk Geisl 3^VII

  sól heilags siðar
  ‘of the sun of holy faith’ = God
  the sun of holy faith → God

  God

• ESk Geisl 3^VII

  auðfinnandi
  ‘for finders of riches’ = MEN
  for finders of riches → MEN

  male, man
  3.09. finder of riches

• ESk Geisl 3^VII

  betra ómjós setrs annars rǫðuls
  ‘the better [light] of the not-small abode of another sun’ = God
  the not-small abode of another sun. → SKY/HEAVEN
  the better [light] of the SKY/HEAVEN → God

  Jesus Christ

• ESk Geisl 3^VII

  ómjós setr annars rǫðuls
  ‘of the not-small abode of another sun’ = SKY/HEAVEN
  the not-small abode of another sun. → SKY/HEAVEN

  sky/heaven
  8.1. abode of the sun

• ESk Geisl 5^VII

  sonr alls ráðanda mildr auðar
  ‘the son of the ruler of all, generous with riches’ = Christ
  The son of the ruler of all, generous with riches, → Christ

  Jesus Christ
  2.1. son of God

• ESk Geisl 5^VII

  alls ráðandi
  ‘of the ruler of all’ = God
  the ruler of all, → God

  God
  1.6. lord of all

• ESk Geisl 5^VII

  lofaðr konungr dagbóls
  ‘the praised king of the day-home’ = God
  the day-home → SKY/HEAVEN
  The praised king of the SKY/HEAVEN → God

  Jesus Christ
  1.01. lord of sky/heaven

• ESk Geisl 5^VII

  dagból
  ‘of the day-home’ = SKY/HEAVEN
  the day-home → SKY/HEAVEN

  sky/heaven
  8.3. abode of the daylight

• ESk Geisl 5^VII

  hirð dǫglings ǫðlinga
  ‘the cohort of the prince of princes’ = THE BLESSED
  the prince of princes → God
  the cohort of GOD → THE BLESSED

  holy man, saint
  1. man of God

• ESk Geisl 5^VII

  dǫglingr ǫðlinga
  ‘of the prince of princes’ = God
  the prince of princes → God

  God
  1.3.1. lord of princes

• ESk Geisl 6^VII

  dáðvandr dróttinn dýrðar
  ‘the carefully-acting lord of glory’ = God
  The carefully-acting lord of glory → God

  God
  1.9. lord of glory

• ESk Geisl 6^VII

  þau mál vátta
  ‘those sayings of witnesses’ = SCRIPTURES
  those sayings of witnesses. → SCRIPTURES

  Scriptures
  . speeches of witnesses

• ESk Geisl 7^VII

  gǫfgan geisli guðs hallar
  ‘the splendid light-beam of god’s hall’ = Óláfr
  God’s hall, → HEAVEN
  the splendid light-beam of the HEAVEN → Óláfr

  Óláfr II inn helgi Haraldsson (r. c. 1015-1030)
  3.3. beam of heaven

• ESk Geisl 7^VII

  guðs hǫll
  ‘of god’s hall’ = HEAVEN
  God’s hall, → HEAVEN

  heaven (Christian)
  1.1. house of God

• ESk Geisl 7^VII

  hríðblôsnum salr heiða
  ‘the storm-blown hall of heaths’ = SKY/HEAVEN
  the storm-blown hall of heaths; may → SKY/HEAVEN

  sky/heaven
  1.3. house of the land

• ESk Geisl 8^VII

  máttig hǫfuð áttar
  ‘mighty heads of the nation’ = Eysteinn, Sigurðr, Ingi
  mighty heads of the nation. → Eysteinn, Sigurðr, Ingi

  Eysteinn, Sigurðr, Ingi, sons of Haraldr IV gilli Magnússon
  . heads of the family

• ESk Geisl 9^VII

  yfirmaðr allrar alþýðu lærðra
  ‘the superior of the whole multitude of learned men’ = BISHOP
  the whole multitude of learned men — → CLERICS
  the superior of CLERICS → BISHOP

  bishop
  2. ruler of clerics

• ESk Geisl 9^VII

  allrar alþýða lærðra
  ‘of the whole multitude of learned men’ = CLERICS
  the whole multitude of learned men — → CLERICS

  clerics
  . crowd of learned men

• ESk Geisl 9^VII

  fagran vinr tyggja rǫðuls
  ‘the beautiful friend of the king of the sun’ = Óláfr
  the king of the sun; → God
  the beautiful friend of GOD → Óláfr

  Óláfr II inn helgi Haraldsson (r. c. 1015-1030)
  3.2. friend of God

• ESk Geisl 9^VII

  tyggi rǫðuls
  ‘of the king of the sun’ = God
  the king of the sun; → God

  God
  1.2. lord of heavenly bodies

• ESk Geisl 10^VII

  allra vallrjóðandi
  ‘of all field-reddeners’ = WARRIORS
  all field-reddeners. → WARRIORS

  warrior
  10.3. stainer of the field

• ESk Geisl 11^VII

  þreklynds þegn Krists
  ‘of the strong-minded thane of Christ’ = Óláfr
  the strong-minded thane of Christ; → Óláfr

  Óláfr II inn helgi Haraldsson (r. c. 1015-1030)
  3.1. man of Christ

• ESk Geisl 12^VII

  þengill mœra
  ‘of the lord of the mœrir’ = Óláfr
  the lord of the Mœrir; → Óláfr

  Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
  1.1. ruler of the Norwegians

• ESk Geisl 12^VII

  helgum jǫfurr fira
  ‘to the holy king of men’ = Óláfr
  to the holy king of men. → Óláfr

  Óláfr II inn helgi Haraldsson (r. c. 1015-1030)
  4. ruler of men

• ESk Geisl 13^VII

  móðr munnrjóðr Hugins
  ‘the brave mouth-reddener of Huginn’ = WARRIOR
  The brave mouth-reddener of Huginn → WARRIOR

  warrior
  3.1.03. stainer of the bird of battlefield

• ESk Geisl 13^VII

  liðgegn lofðungr þrœnda
  ‘the prince of the þrœndir, fair with men’ = Óláfr
  The prince of the Þrœndir, fair with men, → Óláfr

  Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
  1.1. ruler of the Norwegians

• ESk Geisl 14^VII

  fullhugaðr folkvaldr
  ‘the very wise army-ruler’ = Óláfr
  the very wise army-ruler → Óláfr

  chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
  3.1. commander of the army

• ESk Geisl 14^VII

  dynr skjalda
  ‘the din of shields’ = BATTLE
  the din of shields → BATTLE

  battle
  2.1.3. din of shields

• ESk Geisl 15^VII

  konungr rauma
  ‘the king of the raumar’ = Óláfr
  the king of the Raumar → Óláfr

  Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
  1.1. ruler of the Norwegians

• ESk Geisl 15^VII

  gramr hǫrða
  ‘the king of the hǫrðar’ = Óláfr
  The king of the Hǫrðar, → Óláfr

  Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
  1.1. ruler of the Norwegians

• ESk Geisl 16^VII

  stríðandi látrs ins døkkva hrøkkviseiðs lyngs
  ‘the enemy of the lair of the dark coiling fish of the heather’ = GENEROUS MAN
  the dark coiling fish of the heather → SNAKE
  the lair of the SNAKE → GOLD
  the enemy of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

  generous man
  1.01.1. destroyer of gold

• ESk Geisl 16^VII

  látr ins døkkva hrøkkviseiðs lyngs
  ‘of the lair of the dark coiling fish of the heather’ = GOLD
  the dark coiling fish of the heather → SNAKE
  the lair of the SNAKE → GOLD

  gold
  3.1.2. lair of the serpent (A3)

• ESk Geisl 16^VII

  ins døkkva hrøkkviseiðr lyngs
  ‘of the dark coiling fish of the heather’ = SNAKE
  the dark coiling fish of the heather → SNAKE

  serpent, snake
  1.1. fish or whale of the land (A1b)

• ESk Geisl 16^VII

  líknframr umgeypnandi alls heims
  ‘the outstandingly merciful encompasser [lit. holder in hand] of the whole world’ = God
  The outstandingly merciful encompasser [lit. holder in hand] of the whole world, → God

  God
  4.1. encompasser of the world

• ESk Geisl 17^VII

  víðlendr lituðr almreyrs
  ‘the widely-landed reddener of the elm-reed’ = WARRIOR
  the elm-reed → ARROW
  the widely-landed reddener of the ARROW → WARRIOR

  warrior
  1.7.03. stainer of the weapon

• ESk Geisl 17^VII

  almreyr
  ‘of the elm-reed’ = ARROW
  the elm-reed → ARROW

  arrow
  1.3. reed of the bow

• ESk Geisl 17^VII

  hvassan branddrífr
  ‘the brave sword-driver’ = WARRIOR
  the brave sword-driver → WARRIOR

  warrior
  1.7.01. mover of the weapon

• ESk Geisl 18^VII

  guðs riddari
  ‘god’s knight’ = SAINT = Óláfr
  God’s knight → SAINT = Óláfr

  holy man, saint
  1.1. knight of God/Christ

• ESk Geisl 18^VII

  gramr sólar
  ‘the king of the sun’ = God
  the king of the sun. → God

  God
  1.2. lord of heavenly bodies

• ESk Geisl 19^VII

  beiðir baugskjalda
  ‘the desirer of ring-shields’ = WARRIOR
  the desirer of ring-shields → WARRIOR

  warrior
  1.7.08. demander of the weapon

• ESk Geisl 19^VII

  grundar salvǫrðr
  ‘hall-guardian of earth’ = God
  the hall of earth → SKY/HEAVEN
  the guardian of the SKY/HEAVEN → God

  God
  2.1. guardian of heaven

• ESk Geisl 19^VII

  grundar salr
  ‘of the hall of earth’ = SKY/HEAVEN
  the hall of earth → SKY/HEAVEN

  sky/heaven
  1.3. house of the land

• ESk Geisl 19^VII

  harri hauðrtjalda
  ‘of the lord of earth-tents’ = God
  earth-tents; → SKY/HEAVEN
  the lord of the SKY/HEAVEN → God

  Jesus Christ
  1.01. lord of sky/heaven

• ESk Geisl 19^VII

  hauðrtjald
  ‘of earth-tents’ = SKY/HEAVEN
  earth-tents; → SKY/HEAVEN

  sky/heaven
  3.1. tent of the land

• ESk Geisl 19^VII

  máltól
  ‘speech-tools’ = ORGANS OF SPEECH
  speech-tools → ORGANS OF SPEECH

  organs of speech
  1. tools of speech (A1a)

• ESk Geisl 20^VII

  broddrjóðr
  ‘the point-reddener’ = WARRIOR
  the point-reddener → WARRIOR

  warrior
  1.7.03. stainer of the weapon

• ESk Geisl 20^VII

  sendir lǫgskíðs
  ‘of the sender of the sea-ski’ = SEAFARER
  the sea-ski → SHIP
  the sender of the SHIP → SEAFARER

  seafarer
  1.1.01.5. sender of the ship

• ESk Geisl 20^VII

  lǫgskíð
  ‘of the sea-ski’ = SHIP
  the sea-ski → SHIP

  ship, boat
  2.1. ski of the sea

• ESk Geisl 21^VII

  ítr grœðari alls
  ‘the glorious healer of all’ = God
  The glorious healer of all → God

  God
  . healer of all

• ESk Geisl 21^VII

  dróttinn hǫrða
  ‘of the lord of the hǫrðar’ = Óláfr
  the lord of the Hǫrðar → Óláfr

  Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
  1.1. ruler of the Norwegians

• ESk Geisl 21^VII

  guðs riddari
  ‘god’s knight’ = SAINT = Óláfr
  God’s knight → SAINT = Óláfr

  holy man, saint
  1.1. knight of God/Christ

• ESk Geisl 21^VII

  gramr sólar
  ‘the king of the sun’ = God
  the king of the sun. → God

  God
  1.2. lord of heavenly bodies

• ESk Geisl 22^VII

  særandi hrings
  ‘the wounders of the ring’ = GENEROUS MEN
  the wounders of the ring → GENEROUS MEN

  generous man
  1.05.2. wounder of the ring

• ESk Geisl 22^VII

  dróttinn sygna
  ‘the lord of the sygnir’ = Óláfr
  the lord of the Sygnir, → Óláfr

  Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
  1.1. ruler of the Norwegians

• ESk Geisl 23^VII

  blindr njótr auðar
  ‘a blind enjoyer of wealth’ = MAN
  A blind enjoyer of wealth → MAN

  male, man
  3.04. enjoyer of riches

• ESk Geisl 23^VII

  árr orms landa
  ‘the messenger of the serpent’s lands’ = MAN
  the serpent’s lands → GOLD
  The messenger of the GOLD → MAN

  male, man
  . messenger of gold

• ESk Geisl 23^VII

  orms landa
  ‘of the serpent’s lands’ = GOLD
  the serpent’s lands → GOLD

  gold
  3.1.1. land of the serpent (A3)

• ESk Geisl 23^VII

  sjónbraut sínar
  ‘his sight-paths’ = EYES
  his sight-paths → EYES

  eye
  2. place of vision (A3)

• ESk Geisl 24^VII

  guðs riddari
  ‘god’s knight’ = SAINT = Óláfr
  God’s knight → SAINT = Óláfr

  holy man, saint
  1.1. knight of God/Christ

• ESk Geisl 24^VII

  gramr sólar
  ‘the king of the sun’ = God
  the king of the sun. → God

  God
  1.2. lord of heavenly bodies

• ESk Geisl 25^VII

  týnir tandrauðs fasta strætis vala
  ‘the destroyer of the flame-red fire of the street of hawks’ = GENEROUS MAN
  the street of hawks → ARM
  the flame-red fire of the ARM → GOLD
  the destroyer of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

  generous man
  1.01.1. destroyer of gold

• ESk Geisl 25^VII

  tandrauðs fasti strætis vala
  ‘of the flame-red fire of the street of hawks’ = GOLD
  the street of hawks → ARM
  the flame-red fire of the ARM → GOLD

  gold
  2.1.1. fire of the arm/hand (A1)

• ESk Geisl 25^VII

  stræti vala
  ‘of the street of hawks’ = ARM
  the street of hawks → ARM

  arm, hand
  1.1.3. path of the bird of prey (A3)

• ESk Geisl 25^VII

  dýrr dróttinn harra
  ‘the dear lord of princes’ = God
  the dear lord of princes → God

  God
  1.3.1. lord of princes

• ESk Geisl 25^VII

  dáðmilds nistandi ulfs
  ‘of the good-performing feeder of the wolf’ = WARRIOR = Óláfr
  the good-performing feeder of the wolf → WARRIOR = Óláfr

  warrior
  3.2.1. feeder of the wolf

• ESk Geisl 26^VII

  hlýra orða
  ‘of the ship-bow of words’ = TONGUE
  the ship-bow of words → TONGUE

  tongue
  1.5. ship-bow of speech (A1)

• ESk Geisl 26^VII

  folksterks fylkir egða
  ‘of the army-strong leader of the egðir’ = Óláfr
  the army-strong leader of the Egðir → Óláfr

  Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
  1.1. ruler of the Norwegians

• ESk Geisl 27^VII

  faðir Magnúss ins góða
  ‘to the father of Magnús the good’ = Óláfr
  to the father of Magnús the Good; → Óláfr

  Óláfr II inn helgi Haraldsson (r. c. 1015-1030)
  1.4. father of Magnús inn góði Óláfsson

• ESk Geisl 27^VII

  guðs riddari
  ‘god’s knight’ = SAINT = Óláfr
  God’s knight → SAINT = Óláfr

  holy man, saint
  1.1. knight of God/Christ

• ESk Geisl 27^VII

  gramr sólar
  ‘the king of the sun’ = God
  the king of the sun. → God

  God
  1.2. lord of heavenly bodies

• ESk Geisl 28^VII

  søkkvir sólar straums
  ‘the enemy of the sun of the stream’ = GENEROUS MAN
  the sun of the stream → GOLD
  The enemy of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

  generous man
  . sinker of gold

• ESk Geisl 28^VII

  sól straums
  ‘of the sun of the stream’ = GOLD
  the sun of the stream → GOLD

  gold
  1.3. heavenly body of waters (A1)

• ESk Geisl 28^VII

  vald foldar
  ‘the strength of the land’ = Óláfr
  the strength of the land → Óláfr

  Óláfr II inn helgi Haraldsson (r. c. 1015-1030)

• ESk Geisl 29^VII

  áta Hugins
  ‘with the food of Huginn’ = CORPSES
  with the food of Huginn; → CORPSES

  corpse, slain
  1.1. food of the raven/eagle

• ESk Geisl 29^VII

  kennir malmþings
  ‘the tester of the weapon-meeting’ = WARRIOR
  the weapon-meeting → BATTLE
  the tester of the BATTLE → WARRIOR

  warrior
  2.5.6. master of battle

• ESk Geisl 29^VII

  malmþing
  ‘of the weapon-meeting’ = BATTLE
  the weapon-meeting → BATTLE

  battle
  3.1. meeting of weapons

• ESk Geisl 30^VII

  snjallr spjalli lausnara
  ‘the brave confidant of the saviour’ = Óláfr
  the brave confidant of the Saviour → Óláfr

  Óláfr II inn helgi Haraldsson (r. c. 1015-1030)
  3.1. man of Christ

• ESk Geisl 30^VII

  guðs riddari
  ‘god’s knight’ = SAINT = Óláfr
  God’s knight → SAINT = Óláfr

  holy man, saint
  1.1. knight of God/Christ

• ESk Geisl 30^VII

  gramr sólar
  ‘the king of the sun’ = God
  the king of the sun. → God

  God
  1.2. lord of heavenly bodies

• ESk Geisl 31^VII

  undreyr
  ‘wound-reeds’ = ARROWS
  wound-reeds → ARROWS

  arrow, spear
  2.1. reeds of the wound

• ESk Geisl 32^VII

  heiptar mildr lestir linns grundar
  ‘the strife-generous damager of the snake’s land’ = GENEROUS MAN = Gutthormr
  the snake’s land → GOLD
  the strife-generous damager of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN = Gutthormr

  generous man
  1.01.1. destroyer of gold

• ESk Geisl 32^VII

  linns grund
  ‘of the snake’s land’ = GOLD
  the snake’s land → GOLD

  gold
  3.1.1. land of the serpent (A3)

• ESk Geisl 32^VII

  hlýri móður
  ‘the brother of [his] mother’ = Óláfr
  the brother of [his] mother → Óláfr

  Óláfr II inn helgi Haraldsson (r. c. 1015-1030)

• ESk Geisl 33^VII

  litrauðs blik unnar
  ‘with the red-coloured light of the wave’ = GOLD
  with the red-coloured light of the wave, → GOLD

  gold
  1.2. gleam, shine of waters (A1)

• ESk Geisl 33^VII

  limr Krists
  ‘the limb of Christ’ = SAINT = Óláfr
  the limb of Christ. → SAINT = Óláfr

  holy man, saint
  1.3. limb of God/Christ

• ESk Geisl 33^VII

  guðs riddari
  ‘god’s knight’ = SAINT = Óláfr
  God’s knight → SAINT = Óláfr

  holy man, saint
  1.1. knight of God/Christ

• ESk Geisl 33^VII

  gramr sólar
  ‘the king of the sun’ = God
  the king of the sun. → God

  God
  1.2. lord of heavenly bodies

• ESk Geisl 34^VII

  konungs niðr
  ‘the king’s relative’ = Gutthormr
  the king’s relative → Gutthormr

  Gutthormr Gunnhildarson

• ESk Geisl 36^VII

  guðs riddari
  ‘god’s knight’ = SAINT = Óláfr
  God’s knight → SAINT = Óláfr

  holy man, saint
  1.1. knight of God/Christ

• ESk Geisl 36^VII

  gramr sólar
  ‘the king of the sun’ = God
  the king of the sun. → God

  God
  1.2. lord of heavenly bodies

• ESk Geisl 37^VII

  gǫfug Hǫrn hvítings
  ‘a noble Hǫrn of the drinking horn’ = WOMAN
  A noble Hǫrn of the drinking horn → WOMAN

  female, woman
  7.1. female mythical being of drinking vessel (B2b)

• ESk Geisl 37^VII

  aumum beiðir auðar
  ‘of a poor seeker of riches’ = MAN
  a poor seeker of riches → MAN

  male, man
  3.02.1. demander of riches

• ESk Geisl 37^VII

  þann njótr hodda
  ‘that user of treasure’ = MAN
  that user of treasure, → MAN

  male, man
  3.04. enjoyer of riches

• ESk Geisl 38^VII

  sá stríðir malma
  ‘that enemy of weapons’ = WARRIOR = Kolbeinn
  that enemy of weapons → WARRIOR = Kolbeinn

  warrior
  1.7.02.3. harmer of the weapon

• ESk Geisl 38^VII

  harmskerðandi
  ‘of the harm-diminisher’ = SAINT = Óláfr
  the harm-diminisher, → SAINT = Óláfr

  holy man, saint
  5. destroyer of grief

• ESk Geisl 38^VII

  sløngvir vangs slungins snáka
  ‘the distributor of the field of the coiled snake’ = GENEROUS MAN
  the field of the coiled snake. → GOLD
  the distributor of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

  generous man
  2.3.1. flinger of gold

• ESk Geisl 38^VII

  vangr slungins snáka
  ‘of the field of the coiled snake’ = GOLD
  the field of the coiled snake. → GOLD

  gold
  3.1.1. land of the serpent (A3)

• ESk Geisl 39^VII

  mildingr hǫrða
  ‘of the king of the hǫrðar’ = Óláfr
  the king of the Hǫrðar → Óláfr

  Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
  1.1. ruler of the Norwegians

• ESk Geisl 39^VII

  guðs riddari
  ‘god’s knight’ = SAINT = Óláfr
  God’s knight → SAINT = Óláfr

  holy man, saint
  1.1. knight of God/Christ

• ESk Geisl 39^VII

  gramr sólar
  ‘the king of the sun’ = God
  the king of the sun. → God

  God
  1.2. lord of heavenly bodies

• ESk Geisl 40^VII

  skerðir Niðbranda
  ‘the diminisher of Nið-flames’ = GENEROUS MAN
  Nið-flames → GOLD
  the diminisher of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

  generous man
  1.01.1. destroyer of gold

• ESk Geisl 40^VII

  Niðbrandr
  ‘of Nið-flames’ = GOLD
  Nið-flames → GOLD

  gold
  1.1.2.1. fire of the river (A1)

• ESk Geisl 40^VII

  grund gjalfrs
  ‘of the land of ocean-din’ = SEA
  the land of ocean-din; → SEA

  sea
  5.1. land of the sea

• ESk Geisl 40^VII

  ár óðar
  ‘the oar of poetry’ = TONGUE
  the oar of poetry → TONGUE

  tongue
  1.2. oar, rudder of speech (A1)

• ESk Geisl 40^VII

  auðskýfandi
  ‘of the distributor of riches’ = GENEROUS MAN
  the distributor of riches, → GENEROUS MAN

  generous man
  . cutter of wealth

• ESk Geisl 41^VII

  unnar skíðrennandi
  ‘ski-runner of the wave’ = SEAFARER
  the ski of the wave → SHIP
  The runner of the SHIP → SEAFARER

  seafarer
  1.1.01.2. impeller of the ship

• ESk Geisl 41^VII

  unnar skíð
  ‘of the ski of the wave’ = SHIP
  the ski of the wave → SHIP

  ship, boat
  2.1. ski of the sea

• ESk Geisl 41^VII

  ból dreka
  ‘with the dwelling of the dragon’ = GOLD
  with the dwelling of the dragon; → GOLD

  gold
  3.1.2. lair of the serpent (A3)

• ESk Geisl 42^VII

  dómari heims
  ‘the judge of the world’ = God
  The judge of the world → God

  God
  . judge of the world

• ESk Geisl 42^VII

  guðs riddari
  ‘god’s knight’ = SAINT = Óláfr
  God’s knight → SAINT = Óláfr

  holy man, saint
  1.1. knight of God/Christ

• ESk Geisl 42^VII

  gramr sólar
  ‘the king of the sun’ = God
  the king of the sun. → God

  God
  1.2. lord of heavenly bodies

• ESk Geisl 43^VII

  galdr vápna
  ‘the chant of weapons’ = BATTLE
  the chant of weapons, → BATTLE

  battle
  6.01.1. incantation of weapons

• ESk Geisl 43^VII

  þengill rauma
  ‘the king of the raumar’ = Óláfr
  the king of the Raumar → Óláfr

  Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
  1.1. ruler of the Norwegians

• ESk Geisl 43^VII

  þunnvaxin ský gunnar
  ‘the thin-grown clouds of battle’ = SHIELDS
  the thin-grown clouds of battle → SHIELDS

  shield
  2.1.1. cloud of battle

• ESk Geisl 43^VII

  ilbleikum orri hjaldrs
  ‘to the pale-footed blackcock of battle’ = RAVEN
  to the pale-footed blackcock of battle → RAVEN

  eagle
  2.1. (grey or pale-footed) bird of the battlefield (A2)

• ESk Geisl 43^VII

  þeim rǫðull valbastar
  ‘with that sun of the sword-hilt’ = SWORD
  With that sun of the sword-hilt → SWORD

  sword
  1.3.5. heavenly body of the sword

• ESk Geisl 44^VII

  inn frœkni kundr fylkis
  ‘the brave descendant of a king’ = Óláfr
  the brave descendant of a king → Óláfr

  chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
  2.1. descendant of a ruler

• ESk Geisl 44^VII

  ins hôva gunndjarfs stríðandi hrings
  ‘of the tall, battle-eager enemy of the ring’ = GENEROUS MAN = Óláfr
  the tall, battle-eager enemy of the ring → GENEROUS MAN = Óláfr

  generous man
  1.01.2. destroyer of rings

• ESk Geisl 45^VII

  jǫfurr fyrða
  ‘the prince of men’ = Óláfr
  the prince of men, → Óláfr

  chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
  1.1. lord of people

• ESk Geisl 45^VII

  armglóð
  ‘arm-embers’ = GOLD
  arm-embers; → GOLD

  gold
  2.1.1. fire of the arm/hand (A1)

• ESk Geisl 45^VII

  guðs riddari
  ‘god’s knight’ = SAINT = Óláfr
  God’s knight → SAINT = Óláfr

  holy man, saint
  1.1. knight of God/Christ

• ESk Geisl 45^VII

  gramr sólar
  ‘the king of the sun’ = God
  the king of the sun. → God

  God
  1.2. lord of heavenly bodies

• ESk Geisl 46^VII

  lofðungr ranns himintungla
  ‘of the prince of the house of heavenly bodies’ = God
  the house of heavenly bodies, → SKY/HEAVEN
  the prince of the SKY/HEAVEN → God

  Jesus Christ
  1.01. lord of sky/heaven

• ESk Geisl 46^VII

  rann himintungla
  ‘of the house of heavenly bodies’ = SKY/HEAVEN
  the house of heavenly bodies, → SKY/HEAVEN

  sky/heaven
  1.2. house of the heavenly body

• ESk Geisl 47^VII

  glaðr glaumkennandi gunnar
  ‘the happy noise-tester of battle’ = WARRIOR
  The happy noise-tester of battle → WARRIOR

  warrior
  2.5.6. master of battle

• ESk Geisl 47^VII

  hála herðum naðr véttrima*
  ‘with the well-hardened snake of sword-rings’ = SWORD
  with the well-hardened snake of sword-rings → SWORD

  sword
  2.6. snake of the sword

• ESk Geisl 47^VII

  ítrs landreka
  ‘of the splendid land-ruler’ = Byzantine emperor
  the splendid land-ruler → Byzantine emperor

  questionable kennings

• ESk Geisl 48^VII

  styrks, roðins galli steindrar borgar mundriða
  ‘the strong, reddened destruction of the stained stronghold of the sword-hilt’ = SWORD
  the stained stronghold of the sword-hilt → SHIELD
  the strong, reddened destruction of the SHIELD → SWORD

  sword
  9.1.1. harm of the shield

• ESk Geisl 48^VII

  steindrar borg mundriða
  ‘of the stained stronghold of the sword-hilt’ = SHIELD
  the stained stronghold of the sword-hilt → SHIELD

  shield
  . fortification of the sword

• ESk Geisl 48^VII

  nýtr seimþiggjandi
  ‘the useful gold-receiver’ = MAN
  The useful gold-receiver → MAN

  male, man
  . receiver of riches

• ESk Geisl 48^VII

  gómsparri gylðis kind
  ‘the gum-spar of the wolf’s offspring’ = SWORD
  the gum-spar of the wolf’s offspring → SWORD

  sword
  13. mythological

• ESk Geisl 49^VII

  ríkr, þjóðnýtr bróðir Haralds
  ‘the powerful, very bountiful brother of Haraldr’ = Óláfr
  The powerful, very bountiful brother of Haraldr → Óláfr

  Óláfr II inn helgi Haraldsson (r. c. 1015-1030)
  1.3. brother of Haraldr harðráði Sigurðarson

• ESk Geisl 49^VII

  þeima Reifnis rauknstefnandi
  ‘to that ox-driver of Reifnir’ = SEAFARER
  the ox of Reifnir → SHIP
  to that driver of the SHIP → SEAFARER

  seafarer
  1.1.01.1. steerer of the ship

• ESk Geisl 49^VII

  Reifnis raukn
  ‘of the ox of Reifnir’ = SHIP
  the ox of Reifnir → SHIP

  ship, boat
  1.3.1.2. other working animal of the sea-king

• ESk Geisl 49^VII

  þingdjarfs snyrtir bauga
  ‘of the battle-brave polisher of rings’ = MAN = Óláfr
  the battle-brave polisher of rings → MAN = Óláfr

  male, man
  3.07. polisher of riches

• ESk Geisl 50^VII

  valdr alls
  ‘the ruler of all’ = Byzantine emperor
  the ruler of all → Byzantine emperor

  Byzantine emperor
  . ruler of all

• ESk Geisl 50^VII

  eisa môs jarðar
  ‘with the fire of the gull’s land’ = GOLD
  the gull’s land → SEA
  with the fire of the SEA → GOLD

  gold
  1.1.1. fire of the sea (A1)

• ESk Geisl 50^VII

  môs jǫrð
  ‘of the gull’s land’ = SEA
  the gull’s land → SEA

  sea
  6.1. land of the aquatic bird

• ESk Geisl 50^VII

  tól bragar
  ‘with the tools of poetry’ = ORGANS OF SPEECH
  with the tools of poetry. → ORGANS OF SPEECH

  organs of speech
  1. tools of speech (A1a)

• ESk Geisl 50^VII

  yfirskjǫldungr jǫfra
  ‘the supreme king of princes’ = Byzantine emperor
  The supreme king of princes → Byzantine emperor

  Byzantine emperor
  . supreme king of princes

• ESk Geisl 50^VII

  grand garðs oddhríðar
  ‘the harm of the yard of the point-storm’ = SWORD
  the point-storm → BATTLE
  the yard of the BATTLE → SHIELD
  the harm of the SHIELD → SWORD

  sword
  9.1.1. harm of the shield

• ESk Geisl 50^VII

  garðr oddhríðar
  ‘of the yard of the point-storm’ = SHIELD
  the point-storm → BATTLE
  the yard of the BATTLE → SHIELD

  shield
  6.1. enclosure of battle

• ESk Geisl 50^VII

  oddhríð
  ‘of the point-storm’ = BATTLE
  the point-storm → BATTLE

  battle
  1.2.1. shower of weapons

• ESk Geisl 51^VII

  Haralds margþarfr arfi
  ‘Haraldr’s very useful heir’ = Óláfr
  Haraldr’s very useful heir → Óláfr

  Óláfr II inn helgi Haraldsson (r. c. 1015-1030)
  1.2. heir of Haraldr inn grenski

• ESk Geisl 51^VII

  brandél
  ‘sword-showers’ = BATTLES
  sword-showers → BATTLES

  battle
  1.2.1.1. shower of swords

• ESk Geisl 51^VII

  dagræfr
  ‘the day-roof’ = SKY/HEAVEN
  the day-roof; you, → SKY/HEAVEN

  sky/heaven
  4.3. roof of the daylight

• ESk Geisl 52^VII

  már gunnar
  ‘the gull of battle’ = RAVEN
  the gull of battle → RAVEN

  raven/eagle
  1.1. bird of battle (A2)

• ESk Geisl 52^VII

  gǫll geira
  ‘the noise of spears’ = BATTLE
  the noise of spears. → BATTLE

  battle
  2.1.2. din of spears

• ESk Geisl 52^VII

  hjalmskœð hríð Hamðis klæða
  ‘the helmet-harming storm of Hamðir’s clothing’ = BATTLE
  Hamðir’s clothing → ARMOUR
  the helmet-harming storm of the ARMOUR → BATTLE

  battle
  1.2.2.2. shower of the mail-coat

• ESk Geisl 52^VII

  Hamðis klæði
  ‘of Hamðir’s clothing’ = ARMOUR
  Hamðir’s clothing → ARMOUR

  armour
  . clothing of the legendary hero

• ESk Geisl 53^VII

  hryggs lagar eldbroti
  ‘sorrowful flame-breaker of the sea’ = GENEROUS RULER = Byzantine king
  the flame of the sea → GOLD
  the sorrowful breaker of the GOLD → GENEROUS RULER = Byzantine king

  generous man
  1.02.1. breaker of gold

• ESk Geisl 53^VII

  lagar eldr
  ‘of the flame of the sea’ = GOLD
  the flame of the sea → GOLD

  gold
  1.1.1. fire of the sea (A1)

• ESk Geisl 53^VII

  byrr branda
  ‘the fair breeze of swords’ = BATTLE
  the fair breeze of swords; → BATTLE

  battle
  1.1.1.1. storm/wind of the sword

• ESk Geisl 53^VII

  veðr rǫðuls barðraukns
  ‘the storm of the sun of the prow-ox’ = BATTLE
  the prow-ox. → SHIP
  the sun of the SHIP → SHIELD
  the storm of the SHIELD → BATTLE

  battle
  1.1.1.2. storm/wind of the shield

• ESk Geisl 53^VII

  rǫðull barðraukns
  ‘of the sun of the prow-ox’ = SHIELD
  the prow-ox. → SHIP
  the sun of the SHIP → SHIELD

  shield
  1.01. heavenly body of the ship

• ESk Geisl 53^VII

  barðraukn
  ‘of the prow-ox’ = SHIP
  the prow-ox. → SHIP

  ship, boat
  1.2.1.2. other working animal of the ship

• ESk Geisl 54^VII

  gnýr stála
  ‘the noise of steel weapons’ = BATTLE
  the noise of steel weapons — → BATTLE

  battle
  2.1. din of weapons

• ESk Geisl 54^VII

  eyðir ógnar
  ‘of the destroyer of terror’ = RULER = Byzantine emperor
  the destroyer of terror → RULER = Byzantine emperor

  chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
  . destroyer of terror

• ESk Geisl 54^VII

  flug ǫrva
  ‘the flight of arrows’ = BATTLE
  the flight of arrows; → BATTLE

  battle
  9.1. flight of weapons

• ESk Geisl 54^VII

  Reifnis rann
  ‘Reifnir’s houses’ = SHIELDS
  Reifnir’s houses, → SHIELDS

  shield
  9.3. house of the sea-king

• ESk Geisl 54^VII

  undbára
  ‘with the wound-wave’ = BLOOD
  with the wound-wave, → BLOOD

  blood
  1.1. liquid of wounds (A2)

• ESk Geisl 55^VII

  hjalm-Njǫrðungr
  ‘to the helmet-Nirðir’ = WARRIORS
  to the helmet-Nirðir → WARRIORS

  warrior
  1.5.1. male mythical being of the helmet

• ESk Geisl 55^VII

  regn stáls
  ‘the rain of steel’ = BATTLE
  the rain of steel → BATTLE

  battle
  1.2.1. shower of weapons

• ESk Geisl 55^VII

  valr sunda brimi*s
  ‘the falcon of the bays of the sword’ = RAVEN
  the bays of the sword. → BLOOD
  the falcon of the BLOOD → RAVEN

  raven/eagle
  1.2. bird of blood (A2)

• ESk Geisl 55^VII

  sund brimi*s
  ‘of the bays of the sword’ = BLOOD
  the bays of the sword. → BLOOD

  blood
  1.2. liquid of the weapon (A2)

• ESk Geisl 56^VII

  øngr sløngvir brimloga
  ‘no slinger of sea-fire’ = GENEROUS MAN
  sea-fire → GOLD
  No slinger of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

  generous man
  2.3.1. flinger of gold

• ESk Geisl 56^VII

  brimlogi
  ‘of sea-fire’ = GOLD
  sea-fire → GOLD

  gold
  1.1.1. fire of the sea (A1)

• ESk Geisl 57^VII

  læknir heims
  ‘the healer of the world’ = God
  the healer of the world → God

  God
  . healer of the world

• ESk Geisl 58^VII

  þjónn mildings angrfyldrar aldar
  ‘the servant of the king of sinful humankind’ = PRIEST = Ríkarðr
  the king of sinful humankind → God
  The servant of GOD → PRIEST = Ríkarðr

  priest
  1. servant of God

• ESk Geisl 58^VII

  mildingr angrfyldrar aldar
  ‘of the king of sinful humankind’ = God
  the king of sinful humankind → God

  God
  1.3. lord of people

• ESk Geisl 59^VII

  marglitandi eggja
  ‘frequent-stainers of blades’ = WARRIORS = Einarr and Andréas
  Frequent-stainers of blades → WARRIORS = Einarr and Andréas

  warrior
  1.7.03. stainer of the weapon

• ESk Geisl 59^VII

  himintungl heila
  ‘the heavenly bodies of the brain’ = EYES
  the heavenly bodies of the brain → EYES

  eye
  1.1. light of the head (A1b)

• ESk Geisl 60^VII

  auðskiptir
  ‘the wealth-distributor’ = MAN
  The wealth-distributor → MAN

  generous man
  2.1. distributor of wealth

• ESk Geisl 61^VII

  guðs þræll
  ‘god’s servant’ = PRIEST
  God’s servant → PRIEST

  priest
  1. servant of God

• ESk Geisl 62^VII

  dyggr váttr dýrðar
  ‘the valiant witness of glory’ = MARTYR
  The valiant witness of glory → MARTYR

  martyr
  . witness of glory

• ESk Geisl 62^VII

  vinr lausnara
  ‘the friend of the saviour’ = SAINT
  the friend of the Saviour, → SAINT

  holy man, saint
  1.2. friend of God

• ESk Geisl 63^VII

  hraustr fárskerðandi fyrða
  ‘the valiant misfortune-diminisher of men’ = SAINT
  the valiant misfortune-diminisher of men → SAINT

  holy man, saint
  5. destroyer of grief

• ESk Geisl 63^VII

  valdr himna
  ‘of the ruler of the heavens’ = God
  the ruler of the heavens, → God

  God
  1.1. lord of heaven

• ESk Geisl 64^VII

  lofðungr ljóss vegs byrjar
  ‘of the prince of the bright path of fair wind’ = God
  the bright path of fair wind → SKY/HEAVEN
  the prince of the SKY/HEAVEN → God

  God
  1.1. lord of heaven

• ESk Geisl 64^VII

  ljóss vegr byrjar
  ‘of the bright path of fair wind’ = SKY/HEAVEN
  the bright path of fair wind → SKY/HEAVEN

  sky/heaven
  7.3. path of the storm

• ESk Geisl 64^VII

  heitfastr jǫfurr hreggsalar
  ‘the oath-firm king of the storm-hall’ = God
  the storm-hall → SKY/HEAVEN
  the oath-firm king of the SKY/HEAVEN → God

  God
  1.1. lord of heaven

• ESk Geisl 64^VII

  hreggsalr
  ‘of the storm-hall’ = SKY/HEAVEN
  the storm-hall → SKY/HEAVEN

  sky/heaven
  1.1.1. house of storm/wind

• ESk Geisl 65^VII

  snarr tyggi sólar
  ‘the quick prince of the sun’ = God
  the quick prince of the sun → God

  Jesus Christ
  1.01.1. lord of heavenly bodies

• ESk Geisl 65^VII

  gervir himna
  ‘of the maker of the heavens’ = God
  the maker of the heavens; → God

  Jesus Christ
  4.1. creator of sky/heaven

• ESk Geisl 65^VII

  yfirskjǫldungr aldar
  ‘supreme king of men’ = God
  supreme king of men, → God

  God
  1.3. lord of people

• ESk Geisl 66^VII

  himna salkonungs ítrum limr
  ‘the bright limb of the hall-king of the heavens’ = SAINT = Óláfr
  the hall of the heavens; → SKY/HEAVEN
  the king of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
  the bright limb of GOD → SAINT = Óláfr

  holy man, saint
  1.3. limb of God/Christ

• ESk Geisl 66^VII

  himna salkonungr
  ‘of the king of the hall of the heavens’ = God
  the hall of the heavens; → SKY/HEAVEN
  the king of the SKY/HEAVEN → God

  Jesus Christ
  1.01. lord of sky/heaven

• ESk Geisl 66^VII

  himna salr
  ‘of the hall of the heavens’ = SKY/HEAVEN
  the hall of the heavens; → SKY/HEAVEN

  heaven (Christian)
  3.1. hall of the heavens

• ESk Geisl 67^VII

  órum stóll bragar
  ‘our [my] seat of poetry’ = MOUTH
  our [my] seat of poetry. → MOUTH

  mouth
  1.1. place of speech (A3)

• ESk Geisl 67^VII

  siklingr bóls heiðbjartrar sólar
  ‘of the lord of the dwelling-place of the cloud-free sun’ = Óláfr
  the dwelling-place of the cloud-free sun, → SKY/HEAVEN
  the lord of the SKY/HEAVEN → Óláfr

  Óláfr II inn helgi Haraldsson (r. c. 1015-1030)
  3.4. ruler of sky/heaven

• ESk Geisl 67^VII

  ból heiðbjartrar sólar
  ‘of the dwelling-place of the cloud-free sun’ = SKY/HEAVEN
  the dwelling-place of the cloud-free sun, → SKY/HEAVEN

  sky/heaven
  8.1. abode of the sun

• ESk Geisl 68^VII

  nafnkuðr langvinr lausnara
  ‘the well-known old friend of the saviour’ = Óláfr
  the well-known old friend of the Saviour → Óláfr

  Óláfr II inn helgi Haraldsson (r. c. 1015-1030)
  3.1. man of Christ

• ESk Geisl 68^VII

  veljandi skýs víga
  ‘choosers of the cloud of battle’ = WARRIORS
  the cloud of battle → SHIELD
  choosers of the SHIELD → WARRIORS

  warrior
  . chooser of the weapon

• ESk Geisl 68^VII

  ský víga
  ‘of the cloud of battle’ = SHIELD
  the cloud of battle → SHIELD

  shield
  2.1.1. cloud of battle

• ESk Geisl 69^VII

  gœðir þrimu hræsíks
  ‘the increasers of the storm of the corpse-fish’ = WARRIORS
  the corpse-fish. → SWORD
  the storm of the SWORD → BATTLE
  the increasers of the BATTLE → WARRIORS

  warrior
  2.5.1. increaser / strengthener of battle

• ESk Geisl 69^VII

  þrima hræsíks
  ‘of the storm of the corpse-fish’ = BATTLE
  the corpse-fish. → SWORD
  the storm of the SWORD → BATTLE

  battle
  2.1.1. din of swords

• ESk Geisl 69^VII

  hræsík
  ‘of the corpse-fish’ = SWORD
  the corpse-fish. → SWORD

  sword
  5.4. fish of the corpse

• ESk Geisl 70^VII

  brandr baugness
  ‘with the fires of the bracelet-headland’ = GOLD
  the bracelet-headland — → ARM
  with the fires of the ARM → GOLD

  gold
  2.1.1. fire of the arm/hand (A1)

• ESk Geisl 70^VII

  baugnes
  ‘of the bracelet-headland’ = ARM
  the bracelet-headland — → ARM

  arm, hand
  2.1. place of the ring (A3)

• ESk Geisl 70^VII

  Hildar leikrmildr
  ‘generous with the play of Hildr’ = BATTLE
  generous with the play of Hildr [lit. play-generous of Hildr] → BATTLE

  battle
  4.2. play of Hildr

• ESk Geisl 71^VII

  vísi hôs vagnræfrs
  ‘of the king of the high wagon-roof’ = God
  the high wagon-roof; → SKY/HEAVEN
  the king of the SKY/HEAVEN → God

  God
  1.1. lord of heaven

• ESk Geisl 71^VII

  hôs vagnræfr
  ‘of the high wagon-roof’ = SKY/HEAVEN
  the high wagon-roof; → SKY/HEAVEN

  sky/heaven
  4.5. roof of Ursa Major

• ESk Hardr I 1^II

  eljunfrár munnlituðr hrafns
  ‘the courage-quick mouth-colourer of the raven’ = WARRIOR
  The courage-quick mouth-colourer of the raven → WARRIOR

  warrior
  3.1.03. stainer of the bird of battlefield

• ESk Hardr I 1^II

  hræskurðr
  ‘the carrion-cleaver’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
  the carrion-cleaver → RAVEN/EAGLE

  raven/eagle
  4. harm of the corpse (A3)

• ESk Hardr I 1^II

  ógnarprúðum ulfnistandi
  ‘to the battle-proud wolf-feeder’ = WARRIOR
  to the battle-proud wolf-feeder. → WARRIOR

  warrior
  3.2.1. feeder of the wolf

• ESk Hardr I 2^II

  harðr Hôolfs serkrjóðr
  ‘shirt-colourer of Hálfr’ = WARRIOR
  Hálfr’s shirt → BYRNIE
  The harsh colourer of the BYRNIE → WARRIOR

  warrior
  1.8.1. stainer of armour

• ESk Hardr I 2^II

  Hôolfs serkr
  ‘of Hálfr’s shirt’ = BYRNIE
  Hálfr’s shirt → BYRNIE

  mail-coat
  1.2. garment of a legendary hero

• ESk Hardr II 1^II

  ungr seiðs hrynleiðar eldskerðir
  ‘fire-cleaver of the pollack’s flowing path’ = GENEROUS MAN
  the pollack’s flowing path → SEA
  the fire of the SEA → GOLD
  The young cleaver of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

  generous man
  1.01.1. destroyer of gold

• ESk Hardr II 1^II

  seiðs hrynleiðar eldr
  ‘of the fire of the pollack’s flowing path’ = GOLD
  the pollack’s flowing path → SEA
  the fire of the SEA → GOLD

  gold
  1.1.1. fire of the sea (A1)

• ESk Hardr II 1^II

  seiðs hrynleið
  ‘of the pollack’s flowing path’ = SEA
  the pollack’s flowing path → SEA

  sea
  3.2. path of the aquatic animal

• ESk Hardr II 1^II

  gǫfugr granrjóðr freks gífrskæs
  ‘the glorious whisker-reddener of the ravenous steed of the troll-woman’ = WARRIOR
  the ravenous steed of the troll-woman → WOLF
  The glorious whisker-reddener of the WOLF → WARRIOR

  warrior
  3.2.3. stainer of the wolf

• ESk Hardr II 1^II

  freks gífrskær
  ‘of the ravenous steed of the troll-woman’ = WOLF
  the ravenous steed of the troll-woman → WOLF

  wolf
  1.1. horse of the giantess, troll-woman (A3)

• ESk Hardr II 1^II

  fjǫlnenninn landreki dana
  ‘the very vigorous land-ruler of the danes’ = DANISH KING = Eiríkr
  the very vigorous land-ruler of the Danes. → DANISH KING = Eiríkr

  Danish king, ruler, jarl
  1.1. ruler of the Danes

• ESk Hardr II 3^II

  ungr, lofaðr lífgjafi geitunga Ellu
  ‘the young, lauded life-giver of Ælle’s birds’ = WARRIOR
  Ælle’s birds → EAGLES
  The young, lauded life-giver of EAGLES → WARRIOR

  warrior
  3.1.01. feeder of the bird of battlefield

• ESk Hardr II 3^II

  geitungr Ellu
  ‘of Ælle’s birds’ = EAGLES
  Ælle’s birds → EAGLES

  eagle
  2.2. flying animal of king Ælla (A2)

• ESk Hardr II 4^II

  vápnboða valgrennir
  ‘falcon-feeder of the weapon-wave’ = WARRIOR
  the weapon-wave → BLOOD
  the falcon of the BLOOD → RAVEN/EAGLE
  The feeder of the RAVEN/EAGLE → WARRIOR

  warrior
  3.1.01. feeder of the bird of battlefield

• ESk Hardr II 4^II

  vápnboða valr
  ‘of the falcon of the weapon-wave’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
  the weapon-wave → BLOOD
  the falcon of the BLOOD → RAVEN/EAGLE

  raven/eagle
  1.2. bird of blood (A2)

• ESk Hardr II 4^II

  vápnboði
  ‘of the weapon-wave’ = BLOOD
  the weapon-wave → BLOOD

  blood
  1.2. liquid of the weapon (A2)

• ESk Hardr II 4^II

  hánaðra ráfiðris
  ‘the tall adder of the sailyard-feather’ = SHIP
  the sailyard-feather → SAIL
  the tall adder of the SAIL → SHIP

  ship, boat
  6.2. snake of the ship

• ESk Hardr II 4^II

  ráfjǫðr
  ‘of the sailyard-feather’ = SAIL
  the sailyard-feather → SAIL

  sail
  2. feather of the sail-yard

• ESk Hardr II 4^II

  snarr svanbekkjar sólþverrir
  ‘sun-diminisher of the swan-bench’ = GENEROUS MAN
  the swan-bench → SEA
  the sun of the SEA → GOLD
  the brave diminisher of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

  generous man
  1.03.1. diminisher of gold

• ESk Hardr II 4^II

  svanbekkjar sól
  ‘of the sun of the swan-bench’ = GOLD
  the swan-bench → SEA
  the sun of the SEA → GOLD

  gold
  1.3. heavenly body of waters (A1)

• ESk Hardr II 4^II

  svanbekkr
  ‘of the swan-bench’ = SEA
  the swan-bench → SEA

  sea
  6.3. dwelling of the aquatic bird

• ESk Hardr II 5^II

  helfýsir
  ‘the death-precipitator’ = WARRIOR
  The death-precipitator → WARRIOR

  warrior
  16.1. desirer of death

• ESk Hardr II 5^II

  gollungr benþeyjar
  ‘of young hawks of wound-thaw’ = RAVENS/EAGLES
  wound-thaw → BLOOD
  young hawks of the BLOOD → RAVENS/EAGLES

  raven/eagle
  1.2. bird of blood (A2)

• ESk Hardr II 5^II

  benþeyr
  ‘of wound-thaw’ = BLOOD
  wound-thaw → BLOOD

  blood
  1.1. liquid of wounds (A2)

• ESk Hardr II 5^II

  lofaðr læknir heims
  ‘the praised healer of the world’ = God
  the praised healer of the world, → God

  God
  . healer of the world

• ESk Hardr II 5^II

  friðrofi hafljóma
  ‘to the peace-disturber of sea-radiance’ = GENEROUS MAN
  sea-radiance. → GOLD
  to the peace-disturber of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

  generous man
  1.10. peace-destroyer of wealth

• ESk Hardr II 5^II

  hafljómi
  ‘of sea-radiance’ = GOLD
  sea-radiance. → GOLD

  gold
  1.2. gleam, shine of waters (A1)

• ESk Harsonkv 1^II

  hjaldr skjaldar
  ‘the noise of the shield’ = BATTLE
  the noise of the shield; → BATTLE

  battle
  2.1.3. din of shields

• ESk Harsonkv 1^II

  folktjald
  ‘the battle-tent’ = SHIELD
  the battle-tent → SHIELD

  shield
  2.2.1. tarpaulin of battle

• ESk Harsonkv 2^II

  olmri egghríð
  ‘the fierce blade-storm’ = BATTLE
  the fierce blade-storm. → BATTLE

  battle
  1.2.1. shower of weapons

• ESk Ingdr 1^II

  geirþing
  ‘a spear-assembly’ = BATTLE
  a spear-assembly; → BATTLE

  battle
  3.1.2. meeting of spears

• ESk Ingdr 2^II

  alls engi arngrennir
  ‘not one eagle-feeder’ = WARRIOR
  Not one eagle-feeder → WARRIOR

  warrior
  3.1.01. feeder of the bird of battlefield

• ESk Ingdr 3^II

  sterkr sonr Dags
  ‘the strong son of Dagr’ = Grégóríus
  The strong son of Dagr → Grégóríus

  Grégóríus Dagsson (d. 1161)
  1. son of Dagr Eilífsson

• ESk Ingdr 3^II

  hagl strengjar
  ‘the hail of the bowstring’ = ARROWS
  the hail of the bowstring → ARROWS

  arrow
  1.1. shower of the bow

• ESk Ingdr 3^II

  gnýr gagls Gunnar
  ‘the din of Gunnr’s gosling’ = BATTLE
  Gunnr’s gosling; → RAVEN/EAGLE
  the din of the RAVEN/EAGLE → BATTLE

  battle
  2.7. din of the bird of battlefield

• ESk Ingdr 3^II

  gagl Gunnar
  ‘of Gunnr’s gosling’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
  Gunnr’s gosling; → RAVEN/EAGLE

  raven/eagle
  2.1. bird of the valkyrie (A2)

• ESk Ingdr 4^II

  sendir seima
  ‘the dispenser of gold’ = GENEROUS MAN
  The dispenser of gold → GENEROUS MAN

  generous man
  2.4.1. sender of gold

• ESk Ingdr 4^II

  ljótri drífa boga
  ‘the hideous storm of bows’ = BATTLE
  the hideous storm of bows—, → BATTLE

  battle
  1.2.1.5. shower of bows

• ESk Lv 1^II

  þengill mœra
  ‘lord of the mœrir’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Sigurðr
  Lord of the Mœrir, → NORWEGIAN KING = Sigurðr

  Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
  1.1. ruler of the Norwegians

• ESk Lv 1^II

  fægirjóðr bauga
  ‘reddener of shields’ = WARRIOR
  Reddener of shields, → WARRIOR

  warrior
  1.7.03. stainer of the weapon

• ESk Lv 2^II

  fríðum jǫfra heiðar galdrs hlíðrœkjandi
  ‘slope-cultivator of the chant of the chieftains of the heath’ = MAN
  the chieftains of the heath; → GIANTS
  the chant of GIANTS → GOLD
  the slope of the GOLD → WOMAN
  the handsome cultivator of the WOMAN → MAN

  male, man
  . carer of the woman

• ESk Lv 2^II

  jǫfra heiðar galdrs hlíð
  ‘of the slope of the chant of the chieftains of the heath’ = WOMAN
  the chieftains of the heath; → GIANTS
  the chant of GIANTS → GOLD
  the slope of the GOLD → WOMAN

  female, woman
  1.3. land, landscape of riches, wealth (B2c)

• ESk Lv 2^II

  jǫfurr heiðar
  ‘of the chieftains of the heath’ = GIANTS
  the chieftains of the heath; → GIANTS

  giant
  2. relationship to other outlying places

• ESk Lv 2^II

  jǫfra heiðar galdr
  ‘of the chant of the chieftains of the heath’ = GOLD
  the chieftains of the heath; → GIANTS
  the chant of GIANTS → GOLD

  gold
  8.1. utterance of the giant (A3)

• ESk Lv 5^II

  skip þíslar
  ‘the ship of the wagon-shaft’ = WAGON
  the ship of the wagon-shaft; → WAGON

  wagon, chariot
  . ship of the wagon-shaft

• ESk Lv 6^II

  élreki
  ‘the storm-chaser’ = WIND
  the storm-chaser → WIND

  storm, wind
  4.2. driver of the storm

• ESk Lv 6^II

  víkmarr
  ‘bay-steed’ = SHIP
  bay-steed → SHIP

  ship, boat
  1.1.1.1. horse of the sea

• ESk Lv 7^III

  þýðr friðstøkkvir baugs
  ‘kind truce-banisher of the ring’ = GENEROUS MAN
  kind truce-banisher of the ring; → GENEROUS MAN

  generous man
  1.10. peace-destroyer of wealth

• ESk Lv 7^III

  elgr flóðs
  ‘the elk of the flood’ = SHIP
  the elk of the flood → SHIP

  ship, boat
  1.1.2. wild animal of the sea

• ESk Lv 8^III

  baldrekr Þjóttu
  ‘the baldric of Tjøtta’ = SEA
  the baldric of Tjøtta; → SEA

  sea
  1.1. belt of the land

• ESk Lv 8^III

  lindi Raðar
  ‘the band of Radøy’ = SEA
  the band of Radøy; → SEA

  sea
  1.1. belt of the land

• ESk Lv 8^III

  víðgyrðill Vǫrðu
  ‘the wide girdle of Varða’ = SEA
  the wide girdle of Varða → SEA

  sea
  1.1. belt of the land

• ESk Lv 8^III

  belti Fenhringar
  ‘the belt of Askøy’ = SEA
  the belt of Askøy → SEA

  sea
  1.1. belt of the land

• ESk Lv 8^III

  umgjǫrð Huglar
  ‘the sheath of Huglo’ = SEA
  The sheath of Huglo → SEA

  sea
  1.7. sheath of the land

• ESk Lv 8^III

  grásili Stolmar
  ‘the grey harness-strap of Stolmen’ = SEA
  the grey harness-strap of Stolmen; → SEA

  sea
  1.6. harness-strap of the land

• ESk Lv 8^III

  baugr Bóknar
  ‘the ring of Bokn’ = SEA
  the ring of Bokn → SEA

  sea
  1.4. ring of the land

• ESk Lv 8^III

  men Lygru
  ‘the necklace of Lygra’ = SEA
  the necklace of Lygra → SEA

  sea
  1.3. necklace of the land

• ESk Lv 9^III

  baldrekr Síra
  ‘the baldric of Sira’ = SEA
  the baldric of Sira; → SEA

  sea
  1.1. belt of the land

• ESk Lv 9^III

  gyrðill Brú
  ‘the girdle of Bru’ = SEA
  the girdle of Bru → SEA

  sea
  1.1. belt of the land

• ESk Lv 9^III

  lindi Lygru
  ‘the band of Lygra’ = SEA
  the band of Lygra → SEA

  sea
  1.1. belt of the land

• ESk Lv 9^III

  belti Leku
  ‘the belt of Leka’ = SEA
  the belt of Leka → SEA

  sea
  1.1. belt of the land

• ESk Lv 9^III

  helsi Karmtar
  ‘the necklace of Karmøy’ = SEA
  The necklace of Karmøy → SEA

  sea
  1.3. necklace of the land

• ESk Lv 9^III

  sili Þjórnar
  ‘the harness-strap of Tjörn’ = SEA
  the harness-strap of Tjörn; → SEA

  sea
  1.6. harness-strap of the land

• ESk Lv 9^III

  girði Gizka
  ‘the girdle of Giske’ = SEA
  the girdle of Giske; → SEA

  sea
  1.1. belt of the land

• ESk Lv 9^III

  men Storðar
  ‘the necklace of Stord’ = SEA
  the necklace of Stord. → SEA

  sea
  1.3. necklace of the land

• ESk Lv 12^III

  in hvíta strind stalls aurriða strandar
  ‘the white land of the resting-place of the trout of the beach’ = WOMAN
  the trout of the beach → SERPENT
  the resting-place of the SERPENT → GOLD
  The white land of the GOLD → WOMAN

  female, woman
  1.3. land, landscape of riches, wealth (B2c)

• ESk Lv 12^III

  stallr aurriða strandar
  ‘of the resting-place of the trout of the beach’ = GOLD
  the trout of the beach → SERPENT
  the resting-place of the SERPENT → GOLD

  gold
  3.1.2. lair of the serpent (A3)

• ESk Lv 12^III

  aurriði strandar
  ‘of the trout of the beach’ = SERPENT
  the trout of the beach → SERPENT

  serpent, snake
  1.1. fish or whale of the land (A1b)

• ESk Lv 12^III

  hausmjǫll
  ‘the skull’s powder-snow’ = HAIR
  the skull’s powder-snow → HAIR

  hair
  3. snow of the head (A1a or A1b)

• ESk Lv 12^III

  fjall svarðar
  ‘the mountain of the scalp’ = HEAD
  the mountain of the scalp. → HEAD

  head
  1.2. place of the scalp (A1b and A3)

• ESk Lv 13^III

  mœnir hofs moldar
  ‘the roof-ridge of the temple of the ground’ = ZENITH
  the temple of the ground → SKY
  the roof-ridge of the SKY → ZENITH

  zenith
  . roof-ridge of the sky

• ESk Lv 13^III

  hóf moldar
  ‘of the temple of the ground’ = SKY
  the temple of the ground → SKY

  sky/heaven
  1.3. house of the land

• ESk Lv 13^III

  prýðir fróns
  ‘the adorner of the earth’ = SUN
  the adorner of the earth → SUN

  sun
  4. adorner of the earth

• ESk Lv 14^III

  gyrðill Garta
  ‘the girdle of Garten’ = SEA
  The girdle of Garten → SEA

  sea
  1.1. belt of the land

• ESk Lv 14^III

  lindi Þrumu
  ‘the band of Tromøy’ = SEA
  the band of Tromøy; → SEA

  sea
  1.1. belt of the land

• ESk Lv 14^III

  svalfjǫturr Selju
  ‘the cool fetter of Selja’ = SEA
  the cool fetter of Selja → SEA

  sea
  1.2. band/fetter of the land

• ESk Lv 14^III

  men Hrundar
  ‘the necklace of Runde’ = SEA
  the necklace of Runde → SEA

  sea
  1.3. necklace of the land

• ESk Lv 14^III

  allt belti Brimlar
  ‘the entire belt of Briml’ = SEA
  The entire belt of Briml → SEA

  sea
  1.1. belt of the land

• ESk Lv 14^III

  ern sili Hernar
  ‘the vigorous harness-strap of Hernar’ = SEA
  the vigorous harness-strap of Hernar → SEA

  sea
  1.6. harness-strap of the land

• ESk Lv 14^III

  umgjǫrð Hristar
  ‘the sheath of Riste’ = SEA
  the sheath of Riste → SEA

  sea
  1.7. sheath of the land

• ESk Lv 14^III

  hringr Þrymlinga
  ‘the ring of Tromlingene’ = SEA
  the ring of Tromlingene. → SEA

  sea
  1.4. ring of the land

• ESk Lv 15^III

  girði Gælu
  ‘the girdle of Gæla’ = SEA
  the girdle of Gæla; → SEA

  sea
  1.1. belt of the land

• ESk Lv 15^III

  fjǫturr Tauma
  ‘the fetter of Taumar’ = SEA
  the fetter of Taumar; → SEA

  sea
  1.2. band/fetter of the land

• ESk Lv 15^III

  umgjǫrð Óstrar
  ‘the sheath of Osterøy’ = SEA
  the sheath of Osterøy → SEA

  sea
  1.7. sheath of the land

• ESk Lv 15^III

  men Senju
  ‘the necklace of Senja’ = SEA
  the necklace of Senja → SEA

  sea
  1.3. necklace of the land

• ESk Lv 15^III

  lindi Bolgu
  ‘the band of Bolga’ = SEA
  The band of Bolga → SEA

  sea
  1.1. belt of the land

• ESk Lv 15^III

  stinnr sili Kinnar
  ‘the stiff harness-strap of Kinn’ = SEA
  the stiff harness-strap of Kinn → SEA

  sea
  1.6. harness-strap of the land

• ESk Lv 15^III

  hringr Hveðru
  ‘the ring of Hveðra’ = SEA
  the ring of Hveðra → SEA

  sea
  1.4. ring of the land

• ESk Lv 15^III

  belti Glanar
  ‘the belt of Glǫn’ = SEA
  the belt of Glǫn → SEA

  sea
  1.1. belt of the land

• ESk Run 5^II

  svell folks
  ‘ice-sheets of battle’ = SWORDS
  ice-sheets of battle → SWORDS

  sword
  3.1. ice of battle

• ESk Run 6^II

  heit Rín valbasta
  ‘the hot Rhine of sword-hilts’ = BLOOD
  The hot Rhine of sword-hilts → BLOOD

  blood
  1.2. liquid of the weapon (A2)

• ESk Run 6^II

  vín vitnis
  ‘the wolf’s wine’ = BLOOD
  the wolf’s wine → BLOOD

  blood
  2.2. drink of the wolf (A3)

• ESk Run 7^II

  galdr hjǫrva
  ‘a chant of swords’ = BATTLE
  a chant of swords → BATTLE

  battle
  6.01.1. incantation of weapons

• ESk Run 7^II

  ský hildar
  ‘the cloud of battle’ = SHIELD
  the cloud of battle → SHIELD

  shield
  2.1.1. cloud of battle

• ESk Run 7^II

  Garmr fyriskógar
  ‘The Garmr of the fir-forest’ = FIRE
  The Garmr of the fir-forest → FIRE

  fire, flame
  2.1. dog of wood

• ESk Run 8^II

  regn strengjar
  ‘the rain of the bow-string’ = ARROWS
  the rain of the bow-string → ARROWS

  arrow
  1.1. shower of the bow

• ESk Run 8^II

  garðr styrjar
  ‘the enclosure of strife’ = SHIELD
  The enclosure of strife → SHIELD

  shield
  6.1. enclosure of battle

• ESk Run 8^II

  randǫlunn
  ‘by the rim-fish’ = SWORD
  by the rim-fish, → SWORD

  sword
  5.2. fish of the shield

• ESk Run 9^II

  ferð gylðis
  ‘the company of the wolf’ = WOLVES
  the company of the wolf → WOLVES

  wolf
  2.2. company of the wolf (B3a)

• ESk Sigdr I 1^II

  marr ægis
  ‘the horse of the ocean’ = SHIP
  the horse of the ocean → SHIP

  ship, boat
  1.1.1.1. horse of the sea

• ESk Sigdr I 1^II

  Valr Vimrar
  ‘Valr of Vimur’ = SHIP
  Valr of Vimur. → SHIP

  ship, boat
  1.6.1. horse of the river

• ESk Sigdr I 2^II

  rann sólar
  ‘the hall of the sun’ = SKY/HEAVEN
  the hall of the sun, → SKY/HEAVEN

  sky/heaven
  1.2.1. house of the sun

• ESk Sigdr I 2^II

  svartan svanr hjaldrs
  ‘the black swan of battle’ = RAVEN
  the black swan of battle. → RAVEN

  raven
  1.2. (black or dark) bird of the battlefield (A2)

• ESk Sigdr I 3^II

  auðlestir
  ‘the wealth-destroyer’ = GENEROUS MAN
  the wealth-destroyer → GENEROUS MAN

  generous man
  1.01. destroyer of wealth

• ESk Sigdr I 4^II

  víðum salr glyggs
  ‘the wide hall of the storm’ = SKY/HEAVEN
  the wide hall of the storm. → SKY/HEAVEN

  sky/heaven
  1.1.1. house of storm/wind

• ESk Sigdr I 4^II

  hvatr hauka fróns leyghati
  ‘flame-hater of the hawks’ land’ = GENEROUS MAN
  the hawks’ land → ARM
  the flame of the ARM → GOLD
  the swift hater of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

  generous man
  1.06. hater of wealth

• ESk Sigdr I 4^II

  hauka fróns leygr
  ‘of the flame of the hawks’ land’ = GOLD
  the hawks’ land → ARM
  the flame of the ARM → GOLD

  gold
  2.1.1. fire of the arm/hand (A1)

• ESk Sigdr I 4^II

  hauka frón
  ‘of the hawks’ land’ = ARM
  the hawks’ land → ARM

  arm, hand
  1.1.1. land of the bird of prey (A3)

• ESk Sigdr I 5^II

  dróttinn dœla
  ‘the lord of the dœlir’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Sigurðr
  the lord of the Dœlir → NORWEGIAN KING = Sigurðr

  Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
  1.1. ruler of the Norwegians

• ESk Sigdr I 5^II

  hríð Hristar
  ‘the storm of Hrist’ = BATTLE
  the storm of Hrist. → BATTLE

  battle
  1.2.4. shower of the valkyrie

• ESk Sigdr I 5^II

  sterkr munnlituðr vals gunnar
  ‘the mighty mouth-colourer of the falcon of battle’ = WARRIOR
  the falcon of battle → RAVEN/EAGLE
  The mighty mouth-colourer of the RAVEN/EAGLE → WARRIOR

  warrior
  3.1.03. stainer of the bird of battlefield

• ESk Sigdr I 5^II

  valr gunnar
  ‘of the falcon of battle’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
  the falcon of battle → RAVEN/EAGLE

  raven/eagle
  1.1. bird of battle (A2)

• ESk Sigdr II 1^II

  snarp*a eldr sárflóðs
  ‘the sharp fires of the wound-flood’ = SWORDS
  the wound-flood → BLOOD
  the sharp fires of the BLOOD → SWORDS

  sword
  1.1.07. fire of blood

• ESk Sigdr II 1^II

  sárflóð
  ‘of the wound-flood’ = BLOOD
  the wound-flood → BLOOD

  blood
  1.1. liquid of wounds (A2)

• ESk Sigdr II 1^II

  reiðorðr ræsir rauma
  ‘the clear-talking ruler of the raumar’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Sigurðr
  the clear-talking ruler of the Raumar → NORWEGIAN KING = Sigurðr

  Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
  1.1. ruler of the Norwegians

• ESk Øxfl 1^III

  grátr Mardallar
  ‘the tears of Mardǫll’ = GOLD
  the tears of Mardǫll → GOLD

  gold
  8.2. tears of Freyja (A3)

• ESk Øxfl 1^III

  galli meginhurðar Gauts
  ‘the destroyer of Gautr’s <= Óðinn’s> mighty door’ = AXE/SWORD
  Gautr’s <= Óðinn’s> mighty door, → SHIELD
  the destroyer of the SHIELD → AXE/SWORD

  sword

• ESk Øxfl 1^III

  meginhurð Gauts
  ‘of Gautr’s <= Óðinn’s> mighty door’ = SHIELD
  Gautr’s <= Óðinn’s> mighty door, → SHIELD

  shield
  4.2. door of Óðinn

• ESk Øxfl 1^III

  látr dalreyðar
  ‘with lairs of the valley-char’ = GOLD
  the valley-char. → SNAKE
  with lairs of the SNAKE → GOLD

  gold
  3.1.2. lair of the serpent (A3)

• ESk Øxfl 1^III

  dalreyðr
  ‘of the valley-char’ = SNAKE
  the valley-char. → SNAKE

  serpent, snake
  1.1. fish or whale of the land (A1b)

• ESk Øxfl 2^III

  ramsvell ræfrs Róða
  ‘the strong ice-sheet of Róði’s roof’ = AXE/SWORD
  Róði’s roof → SHIELD
  The strong ice-sheet of the SHIELD → AXE/SWORD

  sword
  3.3. ice of the shield

• ESk Øxfl 2^III

  ræfr Róða
  ‘of Róði’s roof’ = SHIELD
  Róði’s roof → SHIELD

  shield
  11.2. roof of the sea-king

• ESk Øxfl 2^III

  regni augna beðvina Óðs
  ‘the rain of the eyes of Óðr’s bedmate’ = GOLD
  the rain of the eyes of Óðr’s bedmate; → GOLD

  gold
  8.2. tears of Freyja (A3)

• ESk Øxfl 2^III

  regn augna
  ‘the rain of the eyes’ = TEARS
  the rain of the eyes → TEARS

  tears, weeping
  1.1. shower of the eyes

• ESk Øxfl 2^III

  beðvina Óðs
  ‘of Óðr’s bedmate’ = Freyja
  the rain of the eyes of Óðr’s bedmate; → GOLD

  Freyja
  1. consort of the gods (C3a)

• ESk Øxfl 3^III

  brandr gjalfrs
  ‘fire of the surge’ = GOLD
  fire of the surge → GOLD

  gold
  1.1.1. fire of the sea (A1)

• ESk Øxfl 3^III

  grand hlífar
  ‘the harm of the shield’ = AXE/SWORD
  the harm of the shield. → AXE/SWORD

  sword

• ESk Øxfl 3^III

  fóstrgœðandi svans gunnar
  ‘the provisions-increaser of the swan of battle’ = WARRIOR
  the swan of battle → RAVEN/EAGLE
  The provisions-increaser of the RAVEN/EAGLE → WARRIOR

  warrior
  3.1.01. feeder of the bird of battlefield

• ESk Øxfl 3^III

  svanr gunnar
  ‘of the swan of battle’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
  the swan of battle → RAVEN/EAGLE

  raven/eagle
  1.1. bird of battle (A2)

• ESk Øxfl 3^III

  sáð Fróða
  ‘Fróði’s seed’ = GOLD
  Fróði’s seed; → GOLD

  gold
  9.2.1. grain, flour of Fróði (A1)

• ESk Øxfl 3^III

  nift Freys
  ‘Freyr’s niece’ = Hnoss
  Freyr’s niece → Hnoss

  Hnoss
  2. niece of Freyr (C4a)

• ESk Øxfl 3^III

  driptir bráa móður sínar
  ‘the rain of eyelashes of her mother’ = GOLD
  the rain of eyelashes of her mother. → GOLD

  gold
  8.2. tears of Freyja (A3)

• ESk Øxfl 3^III

  drift bráa
  ‘the rain of eyelashes’ = TEARS
  the rain of eyelashes → TEARS

  tears, weeping
  1.1. shower of the eyes

• ESk Øxfl 3^III

  gollvífiðu hróðrbarn Hǫrnar
  ‘the gold-wrapped glory-child of Hǫrn’ = Hnoss
  the gold-wrapped glory-child of Hǫrn; we [I] → Hnoss

  Hnoss
  1. daughter of Freyja (C4a)

• ESk Øxfl 4^III

  því barn dóttur Njarðar
  ‘that child of Njǫrðr’s daughter’ = Hnoss
  Njǫrðr’s daughter. → Freyja
  that child of FREYJA → Hnoss

  Hnoss
  1. daughter of Freyja (C4a)

• ESk Øxfl 4^III

  dóttir Njarðar
  ‘of Njǫrðr’s daughter’ = Freyja
  Njǫrðr’s daughter. → Freyja

  Freyja
  2. daughter of Njǫrðr (C4a)

• ESk Øxfl 5^III

  ógnprúðr Váfaðar þingþrøngvir
  ‘Váfuðr’s assembly-compeller’ = WARRIOR
  the assembly of Váfuðr, → BATTLE
  The battle-proud compeller of the BATTLE → WARRIOR

  warrior
  . compeller of battle

• ESk Øxfl 5^III

  Váfaðar þing
  ‘of the assembly of Váfuðr’ = BATTLE
  the assembly of Váfuðr, → BATTLE

  battle
  3.3. meeting of Óðinn

• ESk Øxfl 5^III

  þróttǫflga dóttir brúðar Vana
  ‘the mightily strong daughter of the Vanir’s consort’ = Hnoss
  the Vanir’s consort. → Freyja
  the mightily strong daughter of FREYJA → Hnoss

  Hnoss
  1. daughter of Freyja (C4a)

• ESk Øxfl 5^III

  brúðr Vana
  ‘of the Vanir’s consort’ = Freyja
  the Vanir’s consort. → Freyja

  Freyja
  1. consort of the gods (C3a)

• ESk Øxfl 5^III

  ríkr mækis mótvaldr
  ‘meeting-controller of the sword’ = WARRIOR
  the meeting of the sword → BATTLE
  The powerful controller of the BATTLE → WARRIOR

  warrior
  2.5.3. causer of battle

• ESk Øxfl 5^III

  mækis mót
  ‘of the meeting of the sword’ = BATTLE
  the meeting of the sword → BATTLE

  battle
  3.1.1. meeting of swords

• ESk Øxfl 5^III

  mær Gefnar
  ‘the girl of Gefn’ = Hnoss
  the girl of Gefn, → Hnoss

  Hnoss
  1. daughter of Freyja (C4a)

• ESk Øxfl 5^III

  glóð brautar svana Gautreks
  ‘with embers of the road of Gautrekr’s swans’ = GOLD
  Gautrekr’s swans, → SHIPS
  the road of SHIPS → SEA
  with embers of the SEA → GOLD

  gold
  1.1.1. fire of the sea (A1)

• ESk Øxfl 5^III

  braut svana Gautreks
  ‘of the road of Gautrekr’s swans’ = SEA
  Gautrekr’s swans, → SHIPS
  the road of SHIPS → SEA

  sea
  4.2. path of the ship

• ESk Øxfl 5^III

  svanr Gautreks
  ‘of Gautrekr’s swans’ = SHIPS
  Gautrekr’s swans, → SHIPS

  ship, boat
  5.2. bird of the sea-king

• ESk Øxfl 6^III

  mær Fróða
  ‘Fróði’s girls’ = Fenja and Menja
  Fróði’s girls → Fenja and Menja

  Fenja and Menja
  1. women of Fróði (C3b)

• ESk Øxfl 6^III

  beðr Grafvitnis
  ‘Grafvitnir’s bed’ = GOLD
  Grafvitnir’s bed; → GOLD

  gold
  3.1.2. lair of the serpent (A3)

• ESk Øxfl 6^III

  stýrir bragar
  ‘the controller of praise’ = POET
  the controller of praise; → POET

  poet
  2.02. ruler of poetry

• ESk Øxfl 6^III

  þann meldr Fenju
  ‘that flour of Fenja’ = GOLD
  that flour of Fenja. → GOLD

  gold
  9.2.2. flour of Fenja and Menja (A1)

• ESk Øxfl 7^III

  snjór sjóðs
  ‘snow of the purse’ = SILVER
  snow of the purse → SILVER

  silver
  3.1. snow of the purse

• ESk Øxfl 7^III

  eldr geima
  ‘fire of the sea’ = GOLD
  fire of the sea → GOLD

  gold
  1.1.1. fire of the sea (A1)

• ESk Øxfl 7^III

  blóðeisa
  ‘of the blood-ember’ = AXE
  the blood-ember; → AXE

  axe
  3. fire of blood

• ESk Øxfl 7^III

  stríðir søkkva
  ‘the fighter of enemies’ = WARRIOR
  the fighter of enemies. → WARRIOR

  warrior
  4.5. fighter of enemies

• ESk Øxfl 8^III

  hafleygr
  ‘the sea-flame’ = GOLD
  the sea-flame → GOLD

  gold
  1.1.1. fire of the sea (A1)

• ESk Øxfl 8^III

  hvítum digulskafl
  ‘the white crucible-snowdrift’ = SILVER
  the white crucible-snowdrift, → SILVER

  silver
  2.1. snow of the crucible

• ESk Øxfl 8^III

  Heita blakks hlýrskildir
  ‘prow-shield-provider of Heiti’s horse’ = SEA-WARRIOR
  the prow of Heiti’s horse → SHIP
  the shield-provider of the SHIP → SEA-WARRIOR

  sea-warrior
  3. shield-provider of the ship

• ESk Øxfl 8^III

  Heita blakkr hlýr
  ‘of the prow of Heiti’s horse’ = SHIP
  the prow of Heiti’s horse → SHIP

  ship, boat
  . defective

• ESk Øxfl 8^III

  snjór skála
  ‘snow of scales’ = SILVER
  snow of scales → SILVER

  silver
  4. snow of scales

• ESk Øxfl 8^III

  eldi hrynbrautar áls
  ‘fire of the eel’s resounding road’ = GOLD
  the eel’s resounding road; → SEA
  fire of the SEA → GOLD

  gold
  1.1.1. fire of the sea (A1)

• ESk Øxfl 8^III

  hrynbraut áls
  ‘of the eel’s resounding road’ = SEA
  the eel’s resounding road; → SEA

  sea
  3.2. path of the aquatic animal

• ESk Øxfl 8^III

  fellir folka
  ‘the feller of armies’ = WARRIOR
  the feller of armies → WARRIOR

  warrior
  4.8. killer of men

• ESk Øxfl 9^III

  íss rauðra randa
  ‘an icicle of red shields’ = SWORD
  an icicle of red shields → SWORD

  sword
  3.3. ice of the shield

• ESk Øxfl 9^III

  grand hjalms
  ‘the harm of the helmet’ = AXE/SWORD
  the harm of the helmet, → AXE/SWORD

  sword

• ESk Øxfl 9^III

  hvarmþey Freyju
  ‘with the eyelid-thaw of Freyja’ = GOLD
  with the eyelid-thaw of Freyja, → GOLD

  gold
  8.2. tears of Freyja (A3)

• ESk Øxfl 9^III

  hvarmþeyr
  ‘with the eyelid-thaw’ = TEARS
  with the eyelid-thaw → TEARS

  tears, weeping
  1. water of the eyes

• ESk Øxfl 10^III

  brá Gríðar fjǫrnis
  ‘the eyelash of the Gríðr of the helmet’ = AXE-BLADE
  the Gríðr of the helmet, → AXE
  the eyelash of the AXE → AXE-BLADE

  axe-blade
  . eyelash of the axe

• ESk Øxfl 10^III

  Gríðr fjǫrnis
  ‘of the Gríðr of the helmet’ = AXE
  the Gríðr of the helmet, → AXE

  axe
  1.2. female mythical being of the helmet

• ESk Øxfl 10^III

  Ræfils foldviggs ríðandi
  ‘riders of Ræfill’s land-horse’ = SEAFARERS
  Ræfill’s land. → SEA
  the horse of the SEA → SHIP
  riders of the SHIP → SEAFARERS

  seafarer
  1.1.01.3. rider of the ship

• ESk Øxfl 10^III

  Ræfils foldvigg
  ‘of the horse of Ræfill’s land’ = SHIP
  Ræfill’s land. → SEA
  the horse of the SEA → SHIP

  ship, boat
  1.1.1.1. horse of the sea

• ESk Øxfl 10^III

  Ræfils fold
  ‘of Ræfill’s land’ = SEA
  Ræfill’s land. → SEA

  sea
  2.1. land of the sea-king