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Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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ESk Geisl 30VII

Martin Chase (ed.) 2007, ‘Einarr Skúlason, Geisli 30’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 31.

Einarr SkúlasonGeisli
293031

Rauns ‘It is a fact’

(not checked:)
raun (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): ordeal, proof, experience

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at ‘that’

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4. at (conj.): that

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gaf ‘gave’

(not checked:)
gefa (verb): give

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snjallr ‘the brave’

(not checked:)
snjallr (adj.): quick, resourceful, bold

kennings

snjallr spjalli lausnara
‘the brave confidant of the Saviour ’
   = Óláfr

the brave confidant of the Saviour → Óláfr
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lausnara ‘of the Saviour’

(not checked:)
lausnari (noun m.; °-a;): saviour, redeemer

[2] lausnara: ‘lavnsara’ Bb

kennings

snjallr spjalli lausnara
‘the brave confidant of the Saviour ’
   = Óláfr

the brave confidant of the Saviour → Óláfr
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spjalli ‘confidant’

(not checked:)
spjalli (noun m.): confidant

[2] spjalli: ‘pialli’ Bb

kennings

snjallr spjalli lausnara
‘the brave confidant of the Saviour ’
   = Óláfr

the brave confidant of the Saviour → Óláfr
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hrósak ‘I praise’

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hrósa (verb): praise

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verkum ‘the deeds’

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verk (noun n.; °-s; -): deed

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vísa ‘prince’

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vísi (noun m.; °-a): leader

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arfa ‘heir’

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arfi (noun m.; °-a; -ar): heir, heiress

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Greitt ‘alleviate’

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greiða (verb): alleviate

[5-8] abbrev. as ‘Greitt ma g. l.’ Bb

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‘can’

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mega (verb): may, might

[5-8] abbrev. as ‘Greitt ma g. l.’ Bb

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gumnum ‘of men’

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gumi (noun m.; °-a; gumar/gumnar): man

[5-8] abbrev. as ‘Greitt ma g. l.’ Bb

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létta ‘easily’

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léttr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): easy, light

[5-8] abbrev. as ‘Greitt ma g. l.’ Bb

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guðs ‘God’s’

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1. guð (noun m.; °***guðrs, guðis, gus): (Christian) God

[5-8] abbrev. as ‘Greitt ma g. l.’ Bb

kennings

Guðs ríðari
‘God’s knight ’
   = SAINT = Óláfr

God’s knight → SAINT = Óláfr
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ríðari ‘knight’

(not checked:)
riddari (noun m.; °-a; -ar): knight

[5-8] abbrev. as ‘Greitt ma g. l.’ Bb    [6] ríðari *: ríðari í Flat

kennings

Guðs ríðari
‘God’s knight ’
   = SAINT = Óláfr

God’s knight → SAINT = Óláfr
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í ‘’

(not checked:)
í (prep.): in, into

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* ‘’

(not checked:)
(non-lexical)

[5-8] abbrev. as ‘Greitt ma g. l.’ Bb    [6] ríðari *: ríðari í Flat

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stríðum ‘the afflictions’

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2. stríð (noun n.; °-s; -): affliction

[5-8] abbrev. as ‘Greitt ma g. l.’ Bb

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rǫskr ‘brave’

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rǫskr (adj.): brave

[5-8] abbrev. as ‘Greitt ma g. l.’ Bb

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þiggr ‘gets’

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þiggja (verb): receive, get

[5-8] abbrev. as ‘Greitt ma g. l.’ Bb

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allt ‘all’

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allr (adj.): all

[5-8] abbrev. as ‘Greitt ma g. l.’ Bb

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œskir ‘he desires’

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óska (verb): desire

[5-8] abbrev. as ‘Greitt ma g. l.’ Bb

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Óláfr ‘Óláfr’

(not checked:)
Óláfr (noun m.): Óláfr

[5-8] abbrev. as ‘Greitt ma g. l.’ Bb

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af ‘from’

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af (prep.): from

[5-8] abbrev. as ‘Greitt ma g. l.’ Bb

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gram ‘the king’

(not checked:)
1. gramr (noun m.): ruler

[5-8] abbrev. as ‘Greitt ma g. l.’ Bb

kennings

gram sólar.
‘the king of the sun.’
   = God

the king of the sun. → God
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sólar ‘of the sun’

(not checked:)
sól (noun f.; °-ar, dat. -u/-; -ir): sun

[5-8] abbrev. as ‘Greitt ma g. l.’ Bb

kennings

gram sólar.
‘the king of the sun.’
   = God

the king of the sun. → God
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Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses

H-Hr concludes the account of the battle with the following comment: Þat gaf ok öllum vel skilja, at eigi mátti hann sigra við svá lítit lið ... nema sá sigr væri honum veittr af vꜽrum herra drottni Jesú Kristó, háleitum himnakonúngi, fyrir verðleika síns ástvinar Ólafs konúngs, sem Einar prestr Skúlason segir... ‘It was also very apparent to all, that he would not have been able to be victorious with such a small band ..., unless that victory had been given to him by our master lord Jesus Christ, the exalted king of heaven, on account of the merits of his beloved friend King Óláfr, as the priest Einarr Skúlason says ...’, followed by this st.

[5-8]: The stef is written out in full in Flat, but abbreviated in Bb. The Flat scribe abbreviates it everywhere but here and in st. 18. The text differs slightly here, suggesting that the scribe wrote it out from memory: this second version has ‘ridari i stridum’ (l. 6) where st. 18 has ‘ridadri stridum’ and þats (‘þat er’, l. 7) where the first reads sem. The scribe’s reason for writing the stef here has to do with the layout of the ms. When he finished copying the first helmingr of st. 30 he found that one ruled l. remained at the foot of column a, enough space for four ll. of dróttkvætt. Rather than begin a new st. and split the text between two columns of writing, he filled out the space with the stef.

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