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skaldic

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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ESk Frag 8III

Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2017, ‘Einarr Skúlason, Fragments 8’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 159.

Einarr SkúlasonFragments
789

Sámleitum ‘swarthy’

(not checked:)
sámleitr (adj.): [swarthy]

kennings

sámleitum faxa Jarnsǫxu
‘of Jarnsaxa’s swarthy steed ’
   = WOLF

Jarnsaxa’s swarthy steed → WOLF
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rauð ‘He reddened’

(not checked:)
rjóða (verb): to redden

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sveita ‘with blood’

(not checked:)
sveiti (noun m.; °-a): blood

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sleit ‘tore’

(not checked:)
slíta (verb): to tear

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Gera ‘Geri’s’

(not checked:)
Geri (noun m.): Geri

[2] Gera: so Tˣ, U, A, C, gróa R, geira B

kennings

beitu Gera;
‘Geri’s bait; ’
   = CORPSES

Geri’s bait; → CORPSES

notes

[2] Gera ‘Geri’s <wolf’s>’: Geri was one of Óðinn’s wolves in Old Norse myth. Gróa ‘of Grói’ (so R) makes little sense in the context (gróa inf. ‘grow’ or Gróa f. nom. sg., which is the name for a sorceress or a sword; see Note to Þul Sverða 1/5). Geira ‘of spears’ (so B) must be a lectio facilior.

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beitu ‘bait’

(not checked:)
1. beita (noun f.; °-u; -ur): food, meal

[2] beitu: beitur A, B

kennings

beitu Gera;
‘Geri’s bait; ’
   = CORPSES

Geri’s bait; → CORPSES
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arnar ‘of the eagle’

(not checked:)
1. ǫrn (noun m.; °arnar, dat. erni; ernir, acc. ǫrnu): eagle

kennings

matr arnar
‘food of the eagle ’
   = CORPSES

food of the eagle → CORPSES
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matr ‘food’

(not checked:)
matr (noun m.; °-ar, dat. -i/-; -ir): food

[3] matr: ‘[…]’ B, ‘matr’ 744ˣ

kennings

matr arnar
‘food of the eagle ’
   = CORPSES

food of the eagle → CORPSES
Close

jǫrnum ‘by weapons’

(not checked:)
járn (noun n.; °-s; -): iron, weapon

[3] jǫrnum: ‘ærnum’ C

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Jarn ‘of Jarn’

(not checked:)
járn (noun n.; °-s; -): iron, weapon < Járnsaxa (noun f.): Járnsaxa

kennings

sámleitum faxa Jarnsǫxu
‘of Jarnsaxa’s swarthy steed ’
   = WOLF

Jarnsaxa’s swarthy steed → WOLF

notes

[4] Jarnsǫxu ‘of Jarnsaxa’s <troll-woman’s>’: Jarnsǫxum ‘iron-swords’ (so A, B) is also a lectio facilior. For Jarnsaxa, see Note to Þul Trollkvenna 3/3.

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sǫxu ‘saxa’s’

(not checked:)
Saxa (noun f.): Saxa < Járnsaxa (noun f.): Járnsaxa

[4] ‑sǫxu: ‑sǫxum A, B

kennings

sámleitum faxa Jarnsǫxu
‘of Jarnsaxa’s swarthy steed ’
   = WOLF

Jarnsaxa’s swarthy steed → WOLF

notes

[4] Jarnsǫxu ‘of Jarnsaxa’s <troll-woman’s>’: Jarnsǫxum ‘iron-swords’ (so A, B) is also a lectio facilior. For Jarnsaxa, see Note to Þul Trollkvenna 3/3.

Close

grǫn ‘the whiskers’

(not checked:)
grǫn (noun f.): mouth

[4] grǫn: ‘nog’ C

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faxa ‘steed’

(not checked:)
faxi (noun m.): steed

[4] faxa: so Tˣ, U, A, B, fǫxu R, C

kennings

sámleitum faxa Jarnsǫxu
‘of Jarnsaxa’s swarthy steed ’
   = WOLF

Jarnsaxa’s swarthy steed → WOLF

notes

[4] faxa (m. gen. sg.) ‘steed’: So , U, A, B. Faxi is a horse (lit. ‘one with a mane’). Fǫxu (R, C) cannot be construed in any meaningful way and must be the result of scribal confusion and an attempt to create aðalhending with -sǫxu.

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Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses

The helmingr is given as an example of a heiti for ‘eagle’ (ǫrn ‘eagle’; arnar ‘of the eagle’).

For the metre, see Note to Frag 6 above. — [2]: This line is also found in Hókr Eirfl 7/6I.

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