Einarr Skúlason, Lausavísur 8

Kari Ellen Gade

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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ESk Lv 8^III

Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2017, ‘Einarr Skúlason, Lausavísur 8’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 171.

Einarr Skúlason Lausavísur

7 8 9

Brattrs ‘Steep is’

(not checked:)
brattr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): steep

[1] Brattrs baldrekr Þjóttu (‘Brattr er balldrækr þióttv’): Blár er baldrekr Sírar all others

baldrekr ‘the baldric’

(not checked:)
baldrekr (noun m.): [baldric]

[1] Brattrs baldrekr Þjóttu (‘Brattr er balldrækr þióttv’): Blár er baldrekr Sírar all others

kennings

baldrekr Þjóttu;
‘the baldric of Tjøtta; ’
= SEA
the baldric of Tjøtta; → SEA

notes

[1] baldrekr ‘the baldric’: This is a loan-word from ME baldrick, baudrick, balderich that first appears in Old Norse poetry in the C12th (AEW: baldrekr). It is not used in Old Norse prose.

Þjóttu ‘of Tjøtta’

(not checked:)
Þjótta (noun f.): [Tjøtta]

[1] Brattrs baldrekr Þjóttu (‘Brattr er balldrækr þióttv’): Blár er baldrekr Sírar all others

kennings

baldrekr Þjóttu;
‘the baldric of Tjøtta; ’
= SEA
the baldric of Tjøtta; → SEA

notes

[1] Þjóttu ‘of Tjøtta <island>’: Located off the coast of Nordland (at the mouth of Vefsnfjorden) in North Norway (see also Þul Eyja 3/7 and Þul Islands l. 4). Tjøtta was the home of Hárekr ór Þjóttu ‘from Tjøtta’ Eyvindarson, son of the skald Eyvindr skáldaspillir ‘Plagiarist’ Finnsson (Eyv^I) and one of the opponents of Óláfr Haraldsson at the battle of Stiklestad (29 August 1030). Einarr may have been familiar with the name of the island from stories about S. Óláfr and would not necessarily have visited this location himself.

[2] Raðar: ‘herdar’ papp10ˣ, 2368ˣ, 743ˣ, ‘herlar’ RE 1665

kennings

linda Raðar;
‘the band of Radøy; ’
= SEA
the band of Radøy; → SEA

notes

[2] Raðar ‘of Radøy <island>’: Located off the coast of Hordaland, northwest of Bergen on the western coast of Norway (see also Þul Eyja 3/2 and Þul Islands l. 5). The variant ‘herdar’ (so LaufE; ‘herlar’ in RE 1665 must be a scribal error) is unmetrical (the syllable in metrical position 3 must be short). There is no island in Norway with such a name (the closest would be Herdla, ON Herðla, but Herðlu is still unmetrical).

linda ‘the band’

(not checked:)
1. lindi (noun m.; °-a; -ar): belt, girdle

kennings

linda Raðar;
‘the band of Radøy; ’
= SEA
the band of Radøy; → SEA

víð ‘the wide’

(not checked:)
víðr (adj.): far < víðgyrðill (noun m.): [wide girdle]

kennings

víðgyrðill Vǫrðu
‘the wide girdle of Varða ’
= SEA
the wide girdle of Varða → SEA

gyrðill ‘girdle’

(not checked:)
gyrðill (noun m.): [girdle] < víðgyrðill (noun m.): [wide girdle]

kennings

víðgyrðill Vǫrðu
‘the wide girdle of Varða ’
= SEA
the wide girdle of Varða → SEA

þýtr ‘roars’

(not checked:)
þjóta (verb): roar

Vǫrðu ‘of Varða’

(not checked:)
Varða (noun f.): Varða

[3] Vǫrðu: ‘virda’ 743ˣ, RE 1665

kennings

víðgyrðill Vǫrðu
‘the wide girdle of Varða ’
= SEA
the wide girdle of Varða → SEA

notes

[3] Vǫrðu ‘of Varða <island>’: This island has not been identified, but the name is also given in this form (Varða) in Þul Eyja 3/4. The variant ‘virda’ (so LaufE and RE 1665) is of no help here.

veltr ‘rolls’

(not checked:)
2. velta (verb): wander (strong)

Fenhringar ‘of Askøy’

(not checked:)
Fenring (noun f.): [Askøy]

kennings

belti Fenhringar
‘the belt of Askøy ’
= SEA
the belt of Askøy → SEA

notes

[4] Fenhringar ‘of Askøy <island>’: This island is also located off the coast of Hordaland, south of Radøy (see also Þul Eyja 4/4 and Þul Islands l. 6).

belti ‘the belt’

(not checked:)
belti (noun n.; °-s; -): belt

kennings

belti Fenhringar
‘the belt of Askøy ’
= SEA
the belt of Askøy → SEA

Yglisk ‘becomes fierce’

(not checked:)
ygla (verb): become fierce

umbgerð ‘The sheath’

(not checked:)
umgjǫrð (noun f.): bindings

kennings

Umbgerð Huglar
‘The sheath of Huglo ’
= SEA
The sheath of Huglo → SEA

Huglar ‘of Huglo’

(not checked:)
Hugl (noun f.): [Huglo]

kennings

Umbgerð Huglar
‘The sheath of Huglo ’
= SEA
The sheath of Huglo → SEA

notes

[5] Huglar ‘of Huglo <island>’: Located in Hardangerfjorden, Sunnhordland, east of Stord on the western coast of Norway (see also Þul Eyja 1/3).

olmrs ‘grim is’

(not checked:)
olmr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): fierce, furious

grá ‘the grey’

(not checked:)
grár (adj.; °gráan/grán): grey < grásili (noun m.): grey harness-strap

kennings

grásili Stolmar;
‘the grey harness-strap of Stolmen; ’
= SEA
the grey harness-strap of Stolmen; → SEA

sili ‘harness-strap’

(not checked:)
sili (noun m.; °-a): [harness-strap] < grásili (noun m.): grey harness-strap

kennings

grásili Stolmar;
‘the grey harness-strap of Stolmen; ’
= SEA
the grey harness-strap of Stolmen; → SEA

Stolmar ‘of Stolmen’

(not checked:)
Stolm (noun f.): [Stolmen]

kennings

grásili Stolmar;
‘the grey harness-strap of Stolmen; ’
= SEA
the grey harness-strap of Stolmen; → SEA

notes

[6] Stolmar ‘of Stolmen <island>’: This island is also located in Sunnhordland, a little northwest of Stord (see also Þul Eyja 1/8).

fleygir ‘is flung out’

(not checked:)
fleygja (verb): fling

Bóknar ‘of Bokn’

(not checked:)
Bókn (noun f.): [Bokn]

[7] Bóknar: so 2368ˣ, 743ˣ, Bolmar A, Bókna papp10ˣ, RE 1665

kennings

baugi Bóknar;
‘the ring of Bokn ’
= SEA
the ring of Bokn → SEA

notes

[7] Bóknar ‘of Bokn <island>’: So 2368ˣ, 743ˣ. Located in Boknafjorden east of Karmøy in Rogaland on the western coast of Norway (see also Þul Eyja 4/5 and Þul Islands l. 1). Einarr was clearly familiar with this part of Norway (see Lv 9/5 below and ESk Lv 6/4^II, ESk Elfv 1/8^II). Bolm (‘bolmar’) in A could either be Bolmsö in present-day Sweden (but that island is located in a lake, Bolmen) or an island off the coast of Hålogaland, North Norway, mentioned in Hervarar saga (see Hb 1892-6, 351: hann feck ser bvstað i ey þeiri a Halogalandi er Bolm heitir ‘he got a residence in Hålogaland on that island which is called Bolm’). Bolm is also given in Þul Eyja 4/5.

baugi ‘the ring’

(not checked:)
baugr (noun m.; °dat. -i/-; -ar): ring

[7] baugi: baugur papp10ˣ, 743ˣ, RE 1665, ‘ba[…]gur’ 2368ˣ

kennings

baugi Bóknar;
‘the ring of Bokn ’
= SEA
the ring of Bokn → SEA

brakar ‘thunders’

(not checked:)
braka (verb; °-að-): crash, creak

notes

[8] brakar nǫkkvat ‘thunders somewhat’: The root vowel in nǫkkvat ‘somewhat’ (<ǫ> rather than <ø>) is secured by the internal rhyme (-ak- : -ǫkk-) here. See Note to Lv 7/8 above.

Lygru ‘of Lygra’

(not checked:)
Lygra (noun f.; °-u): lygra

kennings

men Lygru
‘the necklace of Lygra ’
= SEA
the necklace of Lygra → SEA

notes

[8] Lygru ‘of Lygra <island>’: Located on the north-eastern side of Radøy in Lurefjorden (see Note to l. 2 above and Þul Eyja 3/1, 3/5, Þul Islands l. 5).

men ‘the necklace’

(not checked:)
2. men (noun n.; °; dat. menjum): neck-ring

kennings

men Lygru
‘the necklace of Lygra ’
= SEA
the necklace of Lygra → SEA

nǫkkvat ‘somewhat’

(not checked:)
nøkkurr (pron.): some, a certain

notes

[8] brakar nǫkkvat ‘thunders somewhat’: The root vowel in nǫkkvat ‘somewhat’ (<ǫ> rather than <ø>) is secured by the internal rhyme (-ak- : -ǫkk-) here. See Note to Lv 7/8 above.

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verse
prose

The stanza illustrates heiti for ‘islands’.

[1]: This line is given as l. 1 of Lv 9 in LaufE and RE 1665.

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ESk Lv 8III

Brattrs ‘Steep is’

baldrekr ‘the baldric’

kennings

notes

Þjóttu ‘of Tjøtta’

kennings

notes

berr ‘lifts’

vindr ‘the wind’

Raðar ‘of Radøy’

kennings

notes

linda ‘the band’

kennings

víð ‘the wide’

kennings

gyrðill ‘girdle’

kennings

þýtr ‘roars’

Vǫrðu ‘of Varða’

kennings

notes

veltr ‘rolls’

Fenhringar ‘of Askøy’

kennings

notes

belti ‘the belt’

kennings

Yglisk ‘becomes fierce’

umbgerð ‘The sheath’

kennings

Huglar ‘of Huglo’

kennings

notes

olmrs ‘grim is’

grá ‘the grey’

kennings

sili ‘harness-strap’

kennings

Stolmar ‘of Stolmen’

kennings

notes

fleygir ‘is flung out’

Bóknar ‘of Bokn’

kennings

notes

baugi ‘the ring’

kennings

brakar ‘thunders’

notes

Lygru ‘of Lygra’

kennings

notes

men ‘the necklace’

kennings

nǫkkvat ‘somewhat’

notes

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ESk Lv 8^III