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skaldic

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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ESk Frag 10III

Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2017, ‘Einarr Skúlason, Fragments 10’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 161.

Einarr SkúlasonFragments
91011

Margr ‘Many’

(not checked:)
2. margr (adj.; °-an): many

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ríss ‘lifts’

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rísa (verb): rise, raise

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en ‘and’

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2. en (conj.): but, and

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dorgar ‘of the trolling-line’

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dorg (noun f.; °-ar; -ar): trolling-line, fishing-line

kennings

dynstrǫnd dorgar
‘the roaring beach of the trolling-line ’
   = SEA

the roaring beach of the trolling-line → SEA

notes

[1] dorgar ‘of the trolling-line’: A fish-line that is pulled behind a boat (etymologically related to draga ‘drag, pull’; see AEW: dorg).

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dyn ‘the roaring’

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dynja (verb; °dunði): resound < dynstrǫnd (noun f.): [roaring beach]

[2] dynstrǫnd: dynr stǫng 744ˣ

kennings

dynstrǫnd dorgar
‘the roaring beach of the trolling-line ’
   = SEA

the roaring beach of the trolling-line → SEA
Close

strǫnd ‘beach’

(not checked:)
strǫnd (noun f.; °strandar, dat. -u/-; strandir/strendr): beach, shore < dynstrǫnd (noun f.): [roaring beach]

[2] dynstrǫnd: dynr stǫng 744ˣ

kennings

dynstrǫnd dorgar
‘the roaring beach of the trolling-line ’
   = SEA

the roaring beach of the trolling-line → SEA
Close

í ‘into’

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í (prep.): in, into

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svig ‘the bays’

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svig (noun n.; °-s; -): [curve, bays]

[2] svig: svik U

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lǫndum ‘of the lands’

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land (noun n.; °-s; *-): land

[2] lǫndum: lǫngum 744ˣ

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spend ‘strained’

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2. spenna (verb): span, surround

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verða ‘are’

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1. verða (verb): become, be

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stǫg ‘the stays’

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stag (noun n.; °-s; *-): forestay, stay

[3] stǫg: so all others, stǫng R

notes

[3] stǫg (n. nom. pl.) ‘the stays’: So all other mss. Stǫng ‘pole’ (R) violates both the syntax (the subject is sg. and verb is pl.) and the metre because metrical position 4 cannot be occupied by a long nominal syllable in lines of this type (see Gade 1995a, 85-7). The stay is a rope that supports the mast (see Falk 1912, 59; Jesch 2001a, 165).

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stundum ‘at times’

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stundum (adv.): at times, sometimes

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stirðr ‘a firm’

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stirðr (adj.): stiff

[4] stirðr: so all others, stirð R

notes

[4] stirðr keipr ‘firm rowlock’: During rowing the oars rested in crescent-shaped wooden pieces inserted into the top strake (see Falk 1912, 70; Jesch 2001a, 155). It is not quite clear how these could be ‘lifted’, but here it seems to denote the oars themselves being lifted in the rowlocks.

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keipr ‘rowlock’

(not checked:)
1. keipr (noun m.; °; -ar): [rowlock]

[4] keipr: so Tˣ, W, 744ˣ, ‘sceipr’ R, ‘kipr’ U

notes

[4] stirðr keipr ‘firm rowlock’: During rowing the oars rested in crescent-shaped wooden pieces inserted into the top strake (see Falk 1912, 70; Jesch 2001a, 155). It is not quite clear how these could be ‘lifted’, but here it seems to denote the oars themselves being lifted in the rowlocks.

Close

fira ‘in men’s’

(not checked:)
firar (noun m.): men

[4] fira: fyrr á 744ˣ

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greipum ‘grips’

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greipr (noun m.): grip, hands

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Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses

In Skm, as st. 9 above. The sea-kenning here is dynstrǫnd dorgar ‘roaring beach of the trolling-line’.

In R, and 744ˣ, the stanza is preceded by Ok enn kvað hann ‘And again he said’ (W has ok enn ‘and again’).

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