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Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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ESk Geisl 36^VII

Martin Chase (ed.) 2007, ‘Einarr Skúlason, Geisli 36’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 36.

Einarr Skúlason Geisli

Mildings ‘’

(not checked:)
mildingr (noun m.; °-s): ruler, generous one

Hildings ‘warrior’

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hildingr (noun m.; °; -ar): king, ruler

[1] Hildings: Mildings Bb

hefir ‘has’

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hafa (verb): have

haldin ‘observed’

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halda (verb): hold, keep

hôtíð ‘the feast’

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hátíð (noun f.): feast, festival

verit ‘been’

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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am

síðan ‘Since then’

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síðan (adv.): later, then

sann ‘truly’

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2. sannr (adj.; °-an; compar. -ari, superl. -astr): true < sannspyrja (verb)

spurt ‘learned’

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spyrja (verb; spurði): ask; hear, find out < sannspyrja (verb)

es ‘is’

(not checked:)
2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am

þat ‘that’

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1. sá (pron.; °gen. þess, dat. þeim, acc. þann; f. sú, gen. þeirrar, acc. þá; n. þat, dat. því; pl. m. þeir, f. þǽ---): that (one), those

sunnan ‘from the south’

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sunnan (adv.): (from the) south

notes

[3] sunnan ‘from the south’: This adv. is construed as part of the intercalary cl. in l. 3 sannspurt es þat sunnan ‘that is truly known from the south’ (so Skj B), but Kock argues that it belongs with the main cl., and this interpretation is also followed in Chase 2005, 86 and 150. Kock cites a number of examples of similar one-l. parentheses in the poem where the final word of the l. is clearly not to be construed with the preceding phrase and construes ‘Since then the feast of the clever warrior has been observed in the south, throughout all Denmark; that is truly learned’ (NN §2791B). The problem with this reading, however, is that sunnan does not normally mean ‘in the south’; there is also a measure of redundancy in ‘in the south, throughout all Denmark’.

snjalls ‘of the clever’

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snjallr (adj.): quick, resourceful, bold

of ‘throughout’

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3. of (prep.): around, from; too

[4] of: so Bb, um Flat

Danmǫrk ‘Denmark’

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Danmǫrk (noun f.): [Denmark]

alla ‘all’

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allr (adj.): all

Greitt ‘alleviate’

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greiða (verb): alleviate

[5-8] abbrev. as ‘Greitt’ Flat, ‘Greitt m.’ Bb

má ‘can’

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mega (verb): may, might

[5-8] abbrev. as ‘Greitt’ Flat, ‘Greitt m.’ Bb

gumnum ‘for men’

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gumi (noun m.; °-a; gumar/gumnar): man

[5-8] abbrev. as ‘Greitt’ Flat, ‘Greitt m.’ Bb

létta ‘easily’

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léttr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): easy, light

[5-8] abbrev. as ‘Greitt’ Flat, ‘Greitt m.’ Bb

guðs ‘God’s’

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1. guð (noun m.; °***guðrs, guðis, gus): (Christian) God

[5-8] abbrev. as ‘Greitt’ Flat, ‘Greitt m.’ Bb

kennings

Guðs ríðari
‘God’s knight ’
= SAINT = Óláfr
God’s knight → SAINT = Óláfr

ríðari ‘knight’

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riddari (noun m.; °-a; -ar): knight

[5-8] abbrev. as ‘Greitt’ Flat, ‘Greitt m.’ Bb

kennings

Guðs ríðari
‘God’s knight ’
= SAINT = Óláfr
God’s knight → SAINT = Óláfr

stríðum ‘afflictions’

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2. stríð (noun n.; °-s; -): affliction

[5-8] abbrev. as ‘Greitt’ Flat, ‘Greitt m.’ Bb

rǫskr ‘brave’

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rǫskr (adj.): brave

[5-8] abbrev. as ‘Greitt’ Flat, ‘Greitt m.’ Bb

þiggr ‘gets’

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þiggja (verb): receive, get

[5-8] abbrev. as ‘Greitt’ Flat, ‘Greitt m.’ Bb

allt ‘all’

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allr (adj.): all

[5-8] abbrev. as ‘Greitt’ Flat, ‘Greitt m.’ Bb

sem ‘’

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sem (conj.): as, which

[5-8] abbrev. as ‘Greitt’ Flat, ‘Greitt m.’ Bb

œskir ‘he desires’

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óska (verb): desire

[5-8] abbrev. as ‘Greitt’ Flat, ‘Greitt m.’ Bb

Óláfr ‘Óláfr’

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Óláfr (noun m.): Óláfr

[5-8] abbrev. as ‘Greitt’ Flat, ‘Greitt m.’ Bb

af ‘from’

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af (prep.): from

[5-8] abbrev. as ‘Greitt’ Flat, ‘Greitt m.’ Bb

gram ‘the king’

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1. gramr (noun m.): ruler

[5-8] abbrev. as ‘Greitt’ Flat, ‘Greitt m.’ Bb

kennings

gram sólar.
‘the king of the sun.’
= God
the king of the sun. → God

sólar ‘of the sun’

(not checked:)
sól (noun f.; °-ar, dat. -u/-; -ir): sun

[5-8] abbrev. as ‘Greitt’ Flat, ‘Greitt m.’ Bb

kennings

gram sólar.
‘the king of the sun.’
= God
the king of the sun. → God

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