ESk Geisl 10VII
Martin Chase (ed.) 2007, ‘Einarr Skúlason, Geisli 10’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 15-16.
oss ‘’
(not checked:)
vér (pron.; °gen. vár, dat./acc. oss): we, us, our
samir ‘It is fitting’
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2. sama (verb): befit
enn ‘’
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enn (conj.): [again]
orð ‘for word’
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orð (noun n.; °-s; -): word < orðgnótt (noun f.): wealth of words
gnóttar ‘wealth’
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gnótt (noun f.): abundance < orðgnótt (noun f.): wealth of words
aldar ‘’
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ǫld (noun f.; °; aldir): people, age
k ‘ask’
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ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me
dróttin ‘the Lord’
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dróttinn (noun m.; °dróttins, dat. dróttni (drottini [$1049$]); dróttnar): lord, master
aldar ‘’
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ǫld (noun f.; °; aldir): people, age
Óláfs ‘’
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Óláfr (noun m.): Óláfr
oss ‘for us [me]’
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vér (pron.; °gen. vár, dat./acc. oss): we, us, our
[3] oss at: aldar Bb
gilda ‘’
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gilda (verb): appraise
Óláfs ‘’
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Óláfr (noun m.): Óláfr
gilda ‘’
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gilda (verb): appraise
þessi ‘this’
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1. sjá (pron.; °gen. þessa dat. þessum/þeima, acc. þenna; f. sjá/þessi; n. þetta, dat. þessu/þvísa; pl. þessir): this
[3] þessi: gilda Bb
ítr ‘of high’
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ítr (adj.): glorious < ítrgeðr (adj.)
notes
[4] ítrgeðs (m. gen. sg.) ‘of the high-minded’: The meaning of the first element of the cpd is clear, but there is no precedent for an adj. geðr. Geð, a n. noun, is well attested, and Kock proposes a nominal compound ítrgeð ‘high-minded one’. In his interpretation the helmingr reads ‘it is fitting for us to summon Óláfr’s able men to this poetry-making, to the praise of the high-minded one’ (NN §929). But ítrgeð is unlikely as a noun, and the lexicographers allow an adj. ítrgeðr; cf. LP: ítrgeðr (also CVC; ONP).
geðs ‘minded’
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geð (noun n.): mind < ítrgeðr (adj.)
notes
[4] ítrgeðs (m. gen. sg.) ‘of the high-minded’: The meaning of the first element of the cpd is clear, but there is no precedent for an adj. geðr. Geð, a n. noun, is well attested, and Kock proposes a nominal compound ítrgeð ‘high-minded one’. In his interpretation the helmingr reads ‘it is fitting for us to summon Óláfr’s able men to this poetry-making, to the praise of the high-minded one’ (NN §929). But ítrgeð is unlikely as a noun, and the lexicographers allow an adj. ítrgeðr; cf. LP: ítrgeðr (also CVC; ONP).
lofi ‘to the praise’
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lof (noun n.; °-s; -): praise, leave, permission
kveðja ‘to summon’
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2. kveðja (verb; kvaddi): (dd) request, address, greet
Fann ‘found’
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2. finna (verb): find, meet
k ‘I’
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ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me
aldri ‘never’
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aldri (adv.): never
val ‘selection’
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2. val (noun n.): choice
dugir ‘’
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duga (verb; °dugir; dugði; dugat): help, befit
vildra ‘a more agreeable’
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vilðr (adj.): desirable
vall ‘field’
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vǫllr (noun m.; °vallar, dat. velli; vellir acc. vǫllu/velli): plain, field < vallrjóðandi (noun m.)
kennings
allra vallrjóðanda.‘of all field-reddeners.’
= WARRIORS
all field-reddeners. → WARRIORS
rjóðanda ‘reddeners’
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rjóðandi (noun m.): reddener < vallrjóðandi (noun m.)
kennings
allra vallrjóðanda.‘of all field-reddeners.’
= WARRIORS
all field-reddeners. → WARRIORS
allra ‘of all’
(not checked:)
allr (adj.): all
kennings
allra vallrjóðanda.‘of all field-reddeners.’
= WARRIORS
all field-reddeners. → WARRIORS
raun ‘the experience’
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raun (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): ordeal, proof, experience
dugir ‘’
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duga (verb; °dugir; dugði; dugat): help, befit
rétt ‘right’
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2. rétt (adv.): just, exactly, precisely
í ‘in’
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í (prep.): in, into
einu ‘one’
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2. einn (pron.; °decl. cf. einn num.): one, alone
ranni ‘house’
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rann (noun n.): house, hall
fremðar ‘of men of accomplishment’
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fremð (noun f.): honour < fremðarmaðr (noun m.)
manna ‘’
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maðr (noun m.): man, person < fremðarmaðr (noun m.)
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
[1-4]: There is a discrepancy between the two ms. versions of the first helmingr. Bb reads: Oss samir enn at þessu –, | orðgnóttar biðk dróttin | aldar – Óláfs gilda | ítrgeðs lofi kveðja. This may be translated: ‘It is fitting for us [me] further to summon [people] to this praise of the able, high-minded Óláfr; I ask the Lord of men [= God] for word-wealth’. There are no metrical or grammatical flaws in the Bb version, but the syntax is awkward: both the weak adj. gilda and the strong adj. ítrgeðs must be construed with Óláfs. In the Flat version, ǫld can be construed with gilda, providing a link with the second helmingr that is schematic as well as thematic: ll. 1 and 5 have the same triple-rhyme scheme (ǫld : Ól- : gild-; ald : vál : vild-). Line 2 is a complete parenthetic phrase, preferable to Bb’s biðk aldar dróttin orðgnóttar. Flat probably represents the original text: at some point in the transmission of the Bb version ll. 1 and 3 were transposed, and then later emended by a scribe attempting to make sense of the helmingr.
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