ESk Frag 5III
Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2017, ‘Einarr Skúlason, Fragments 5’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 156.
Leyg ‘the flame’
(not checked:)
1. leygr (noun m.): flame
[1] Leyg: so R, Tˣ, W, 2368ˣ, 743ˣ, leygr U, A, C
kennings
leyg sólar skipa‘the flame of the ships’ sun ’
= SWORD
the ships’ sun → SHIELD
the flame of the SHIELD → SWORD
kennings
Ætt ins helga Óláfs‘The kinsman of the holy Óláfr ’
= NORWEGIAN KING
The kinsman of the holy Óláfr → NORWEGIAN KING
notes
[1, 2, 3] ætt ins helga Óláfs ‘the kinsman of the holy Óláfr [NORWEGIAN KING]’: ‘The holy Óláfr’ is S. Óláfr Haraldsson (d. 29 August 1030). The identity of this particular kinsman is not clear. Einarr did compose a poem about S. Óláfr (ESk GeislVII), but none of the other kings of Norway whom Einarr honoured with panegyrics was a direct descendant of Óláfr, because Óláfr’s only son, Magnús inn góði ‘the Good’ (d. 1047), only left behind a daughter, Ragnhildr. Subsequent kings of Norway were descendants of Haraldr harðráði ‘Hard-rule’ Sigurðarson (r. 1046-66), Óláfr’s half-brother.
ægi ‘sea’
(not checked:)
2. ægir (noun m.): ocean, sea
kennings
Ætt ins helga Óláfs‘The kinsman of the holy Óláfr ’
= NORWEGIAN KING
The kinsman of the holy Óláfr → NORWEGIAN KING
notes
[1, 2, 3] ætt ins helga Óláfs ‘the kinsman of the holy Óláfr [NORWEGIAN KING]’: ‘The holy Óláfr’ is S. Óláfr Haraldsson (d. 29 August 1030). The identity of this particular kinsman is not clear. Einarr did compose a poem about S. Óláfr (ESk GeislVII), but none of the other kings of Norway whom Einarr honoured with panegyrics was a direct descendant of Óláfr, because Óláfr’s only son, Magnús inn góði ‘the Good’ (d. 1047), only left behind a daughter, Ragnhildr. Subsequent kings of Norway were descendants of Haraldr harðráði ‘Hard-rule’ Sigurðarson (r. 1046-66), Óláfr’s half-brother.
skipa ‘of the ships’’
(not checked:)
skip (noun n.; °-s; -): ship
kennings
leyg sólar skipa‘the flame of the ships’ sun ’
= SWORD
the ships’ sun → SHIELD
the flame of the SHIELD → SWORD
skipa ‘of the ships’’
(not checked:)
skip (noun n.; °-s; -): ship
kennings
leyg sólar skipa‘the flame of the ships’ sun ’
= SWORD
the ships’ sun → SHIELD
the flame of the SHIELD → SWORD
sólar ‘sun’
(not checked:)
sól (noun f.; °-ar, dat. -u/-; -ir): sun
kennings
leyg sólar skipa‘the flame of the ships’ sun ’
= SWORD
the ships’ sun → SHIELD
the flame of the SHIELD → SWORD
sólar ‘sun’
(not checked:)
sól (noun f.; °-ar, dat. -u/-; -ir): sun
kennings
leyg sólar skipa‘the flame of the ships’ sun ’
= SWORD
the ships’ sun → SHIELD
the flame of the SHIELD → SWORD
ylgr ‘she-wolf’
(not checked:)
ylgr (noun f.; °acc. -i): she-wolf
brunar ‘rushes’
(not checked:)
bruna (verb; °-að-): speed
hvatt ‘fast’
(not checked:)
hvatr (adj.; °-ari, -an; -astr): keen, brave
notes
[3] hvatt ‘fast’: This adv. could modify rýðr ‘reddens’ in the first clause (so Skj B). That construction is, however, less likely because the syntactic caesura falls after positions 1 or 3 in A-lines of this type (see NN §2539; Gade 1995a, 150-5).
ins ‘of the’
(not checked:)
2. inn (art.): the
kennings
Ætt ins helga Óláfs‘The kinsman of the holy Óláfr ’
= NORWEGIAN KING
The kinsman of the holy Óláfr → NORWEGIAN KING
notes
[1, 2, 3] ætt ins helga Óláfs ‘the kinsman of the holy Óláfr [NORWEGIAN KING]’: ‘The holy Óláfr’ is S. Óláfr Haraldsson (d. 29 August 1030). The identity of this particular kinsman is not clear. Einarr did compose a poem about S. Óláfr (ESk GeislVII), but none of the other kings of Norway whom Einarr honoured with panegyrics was a direct descendant of Óláfr, because Óláfr’s only son, Magnús inn góði ‘the Good’ (d. 1047), only left behind a daughter, Ragnhildr. Subsequent kings of Norway were descendants of Haraldr harðráði ‘Hard-rule’ Sigurðarson (r. 1046-66), Óláfr’s half-brother.
helga ‘holy’
(not checked:)
heilagr (adj.; °helgan; compar. -ari, superl. -astr): holy, sacred
kennings
Ætt ins helga Óláfs‘The kinsman of the holy Óláfr ’
= NORWEGIAN KING
The kinsman of the holy Óláfr → NORWEGIAN KING
notes
[1, 2, 3] ætt ins helga Óláfs ‘the kinsman of the holy Óláfr [NORWEGIAN KING]’: ‘The holy Óláfr’ is S. Óláfr Haraldsson (d. 29 August 1030). The identity of this particular kinsman is not clear. Einarr did compose a poem about S. Óláfr (ESk GeislVII), but none of the other kings of Norway whom Einarr honoured with panegyrics was a direct descendant of Óláfr, because Óláfr’s only son, Magnús inn góði ‘the Good’ (d. 1047), only left behind a daughter, Ragnhildr. Subsequent kings of Norway were descendants of Haraldr harðráði ‘Hard-rule’ Sigurðarson (r. 1046-66), Óláfr’s half-brother.
hrægjǫrn ‘the corpse-eager’
(not checked:)
hrægjarn (adj.): [corpse-eager]
í ‘in’
(not checked:)
í (prep.): in, into
spor ‘the track’
(not checked:)
spor (noun n.; °-s; -): track
ǫrnum ‘of eagles’
(not checked:)
1. ǫrn (noun m.; °arnar, dat. erni; ernir, acc. ǫrnu): eagle
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
Sól skipa ‘sun of ships’ is given as one of many kennings for ‘shield’ in Skm and LaufE.
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