ESk Frag 16III
Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2017, ‘Einarr Skúlason, Fragments 16’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 166.
Kaldr ‘the cold’
(not checked:)
kaldr (adj.; °compar. -ari): cold
þvær ‘cleanses’
(not checked:)
1. þvá (verb): wash
marr ‘sea’
(not checked:)
1. marr (noun m.): sea
und ‘beneath’
(not checked:)
3. und (prep.): under, underneath
mildum ‘the generous’
(not checked:)
mildr (adj.; °compar. -ri/-ari, superl. -astr): mild, gentle, gracious, generous
mart ‘Many’
(not checked:)
2. margr (adj.; °-an): many
dægr ‘a day’
(not checked:)
dœgr (noun n.; °-s; -): day and night; 24h period
viðu ‘timbers’
(not checked:)
1. viðr (noun m.; °-ar, dat. -i/-; -ir, acc. -u/-i): wood, tree
notes
[2] svarta viðu ‘the black timbers’: This could also be taken as pars pro toto for ‘ships’.
svarta ‘the black’
(not checked:)
svartr (adj.): black
notes
[2] svarta viðu ‘the black timbers’: This could also be taken as pars pro toto for ‘ships’.
grefr ‘carves’
(not checked:)
grafa (verb): to dig, earth, bury
él ‘the storm’
(not checked:)
él (noun n.; °; dat. -um): storm < élsnúinn (adj.)
kennings
élsnúinn þjalma Manar.‘the storm-twisted enclosure of Man. ’
= SEA
the storm-twisted enclosure of Man. → SEA
notes
[3] élsnúinn (m. acc. sg.) ‘storm-twisted’: Earlier eds adopt the A variant élsnúin (f. nom. sg.) as an adj. qualifying almsorg ‘grief of the elm-tree [WIND]’ (l. 4). Both the wind and the sea can be storm-twisted, however, and the present edn retains the R, Tˣ reading.
snúinn ‘twisted’
(not checked:)
-snúinn (adj.): [twisted] < élsnúinn (adj.)
[3] ‑snúinn: ‑snúin A, ‑snúit C
kennings
élsnúinn þjalma Manar.‘the storm-twisted enclosure of Man. ’
= SEA
the storm-twisted enclosure of Man. → SEA
notes
[3] élsnúinn (m. acc. sg.) ‘storm-twisted’: Earlier eds adopt the A variant élsnúin (f. nom. sg.) as an adj. qualifying almsorg ‘grief of the elm-tree [WIND]’ (l. 4). Both the wind and the sea can be storm-twisted, however, and the present edn retains the R, Tˣ reading.
jǫfri ‘prince’
(not checked:)
jǫfurr (noun m.): ruler, prince
alm ‘of the elm-tree’
(not checked:)
almr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): bow, elm-bow < almsorg (noun f.): [grief of elm-tree]
kennings
almsorg‘the grief of the elm-tree ’
= WIND
the grief of the elm-tree → WIND
sorg ‘the grief’
(not checked:)
sorg (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): sorrow, affliction < almsorg (noun f.): [grief of elm-tree]
kennings
almsorg‘the grief of the elm-tree ’
= WIND
the grief of the elm-tree → WIND
Manar ‘of Man’
(not checked:)
Mǫn (noun f.): Man
kennings
élsnúinn þjalma Manar.‘the storm-twisted enclosure of Man. ’
= SEA
the storm-twisted enclosure of Man. → SEA
notes
[4] Manar ‘of Man <island>’: This could also be the island Møn in Denmark rather than the Isle of Man.
þjalma ‘enclosure’
(not checked:)
þjalmi (noun m.; °; -ar): [enclosure]
kennings
élsnúinn þjalma Manar.‘the storm-twisted enclosure of Man. ’
= SEA
the storm-twisted enclosure of Man. → SEA
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
Marr is given among the many heiti for ‘sea’ in Skm.
Stanza/chapter/text segment
Use the buttons at the top of the page to navigate between stanzas in a poem.
Information tab
- text: if the stanza has been published, the edited text of the stanza and translation are here; if it hasn't been published an old edition (usually Skj) is given for reference
- sources: a list of the manuscripts or inscriptions containing this stanza, with page and line references and links (eye button) to images where available, and transcription where available
- readings: a list of variant manuscript readings of words in the main text
- editions and texts: a list of editions of the stanza with links to the bibliography; and a list of prose works in which the stanza occurs, allowing you to navigate within the prose context
- notes and context: notes not linked to individual words are given here, along with the account of the prose context for the stanza, where relevant
Interactive tab
The text and translation are given here, with buttons to toggle whether the text is shown in the verse order or prose word order. Clicking on indiviudal words gives dictionary links, variant readings, kennings and notes, where relevant.
Full text tab
This is the text of the edition in a similar format to how the edition appears in the printed volumes.
Chapter/text segment
This view is also used for chapters and other text segments. Not all the headings shown are relevant to such sections.