Kennings — Sigvatr Þórðarson

Sigv Austv 1^I

andr svanvangs
‘the skis of the swan-plain’ = SHIPS
the swan-plain → SEA
the skis of the SEA → SHIPS

ship, boat
2.1. ski of the sea

Sigv Austv 1^I

svanvangr
‘of the swan-plain’ = SEA
the swan-plain → SEA

sea
6.1. land of the aquatic bird

Sigv Austv 2^I

herr hauga
‘the host of burial mounds’ = TROLLS
the host of burial mounds → TROLLS

troll
1.1. troop of the grave

Sigv Austv 2^I

hrútr húms
‘the ram of the sea’ = SHIP
the ram of the sea; → SHIP

ship, boat
1.1.1.2. other working animal of the sea

Sigv Austv 6^I

þollr heinflets
‘the firs of the whetstone-platform’ = MEN
the whetstone-platform → SWORD
the firs of the SWORD → MEN

warrior
1.1.1. tree of the sword

Sigv Austv 6^I

heinflet
‘of the whetstone-platform’ = SWORD
the whetstone-platform → SWORD

sword
8.2. place of the whetstone

Sigv Austv 6^I

hlœðir hafskíðs
‘loader of the ocean-ski’ = SEAFARER
the ocean-ski → SHIP
loader of the SHIP → SEAFARER

seafarer
1.1.04. loader of the ship

Sigv Austv 6^I

hafskíð
‘of the ocean-ski’ = SHIP
the ocean-ski → SHIP

ship, boat
2.1. ski of the sea

Sigv Austv 7^I

brjótr bliks bôru
‘a breaker of the gleam of the wave’ = GENEROUS MAN
the gleam of the wave, → GOLD
a breaker of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

generous man
1.02.1. breaker of gold

Sigv Austv 7^I

blik bôru
‘of the gleam of the wave’ = GOLD
the gleam of the wave, → GOLD

gold
1.2. gleam, shine of waters (A1)

Sigv Austv 7^I

gætir grefs
‘the minder of the hoe’ = FARMER
The minder of the hoe → FARMER

farmer
2. guardian of the hoe

Sigv Austv 9^I

vísi strinda
‘of the ruler of the strindir’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr
the ruler of the Strindir → NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr

Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians

Sigv Austv 9^I

hestr kafs
‘the horse of the deep’ = SHIP
The horse of the deep → SHIP

ship, boat
1.1.1.1. horse of the sea

Sigv Austv 9^I

men Lista
‘the necklace of Lista’ = SEA
the necklace of Lista → SEA

sea
1.3. necklace of the land

Sigv Austv 10^I

hestr Ekkils
‘the horses of Ekkill’ = SHIPS
the horses of Ekkill → SHIPS

ship, boat
1.3.1.1. horse of the sea-king

Sigv Austv 10^I

mór hagþorns
‘the hawthorn’s moor’ = LAND
the hawthorn’s moor; → LAND

earth, land
1.3. water-body of the shrub

Sigv Austv 13^I

gramr sygna
‘of the lord of the sygnir’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr
the lord of the Sygnir, → NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr

Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians

Sigv Austv 13^I

nýtr vǫrðr Nóregs
‘the able guardian of Norway’ = Óláfr
the able guardian of Norway → Óláfr

Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
2.1. guardian of Norway

Sigv Austv 14^I

þrýstir jǫfra
‘the compeller of princes’ = RULER = Rǫgnvaldr
the compeller of princes; → RULER = Rǫgnvaldr

chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
2.5. destroyer of princes

Sigv Austv 14^I

runnr dýrloga bekkjar hlunns
‘the bushes of the precious flame of the bench of the launcher’ = MEN
the bench of the launcher → SEA
the precious flame of the SEA → GOLD
the bushes of the GOLD → MEN

male, man
1.1. tree of gold

Sigv Austv 14^I

dýrlogi bekkjar hlunns
‘of the precious flame of the bench of the launcher’ = GOLD
the bench of the launcher → SEA
the precious flame of the SEA → GOLD

gold
1.1.1. fire of the sea (A1)

Sigv Austv 14^I

bekkr hlunns
‘of the bench of the launcher’ = SEA
the bench of the launcher → SEA

sea
4.4. dwelling of the ship

Sigv Austv 15^I

mjǫð-Nanna
‘mead-Nanna’ = WOMAN
mead-Nanna. → WOMAN

female, woman
6.1. female mythical being of drink (B2b)

Sigv Austv 16^I

svanr bens
‘the swan of the wound’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
the swan of the wound, → RAVEN/EAGLE

raven/eagle
1.4. bird of the wound (A2)

Sigv Austv 17^I

vǫrðr malma
‘guardian of metal weapons’ = WARRIOR = Óláfr
guardian of metal weapons; → WARRIOR = Óláfr

warrior
1.7.11. guardian of the weapon

Sigv Austv 18^I

nefi jarla
‘the kinsman of jarls’ = JARL = ? Rǫgnvaldr
The kinsman of jarls → JARL = ? Rǫgnvaldr

jarl
3. relative of the jarl

Sigv Austv 18^I

søkkvir sólar Rínar
‘sinker of the sun of the Rhine’ = GENEROUS MAN
the sun of the Rhine, → GOLD
sinker of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

generous man
. sinker of gold

Sigv Austv 18^I

sól Rínar
‘of the sun of the Rhine’ = GOLD
the sun of the Rhine, → GOLD

gold
1.3. heavenly body of waters (A1)

Sigv Austv 18^I

þengill Lista
‘prince of Lista’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr
prince of Lista, → NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr

Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.2. ruler of Norway

Sigv Austv 19^I

ætt Eireks
‘the kinsman of Eiríkr’ = Sveinn
the kinsman of Eiríkr → Sveinn

Sveinn jarl Hákonarson (r. c. 1000-c. 1015)
2. relative of Eiríkr jarl Hákonarson

Sigv Austv 19^I

frændi jarla
‘of the jarls’ kinsman’ = Eilífr
the jarls’ kinsman, → Eilífr

Eilífr Rǫgnvaldsson
. relative of the jarls

Sigv Austv 19^I

bróðir Ulfs
‘Úlfr’s brother’ = Eilífr
Úlfr’s brother, → Eilífr

Eilífr Rǫgnvaldsson
. brother of Úlfr

Sigv Austv 20^I

rýrir aldar þjófa
‘destroyer of the race of thieves’ = JUST RULER = Óláfr
destroyer of the race of thieves, → JUST RULER = Óláfr

chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
4.1. destroyer of evildoers

Sigv Austv 21^I

kennir þinga
‘master of assemblies’ = RULER
master of assemblies, → RULER

chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
. master of assemblies

Sigv Ást 1^I

dóttir Ôleifs
‘Óláfr’s daughter’ = Ástríðr
Óláfr’s daughter, → Ástríðr

Ástríðr, daughter of King Óláfr sœnski
1. daughter of Óláfr sœnski Eiríksson

Sigv Ást 1^I

sonr Ôleifs
‘of Óláfr’s son’ = Magnús
Óláfr’s son. → Magnús

Magnús I inn góði Óláfsson (r. 1035-47)
1.1. son of Óláfr Haraldsson

Sigv Ást 3^I

vinr virða
‘the friend of men’ = RULER = Magnús
the friend of men → RULER = Magnús

chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
1.2. friend of people

Sigv Berv 5^II

fjǫlblíðs fóstra Aðalsteins
‘of the most friendly foster-son of Æthelstan’ = Hákon
the most friendly foster-son of Æthelstan; → Hákon

Sigv Berv 6^II

hvardyggr arfi Haralds
‘the very reliable heir of Haraldr’ = Óláfr Haraldsson
The very reliable heir of Haraldr → Óláfr Haraldsson

Óláfr II inn helgi Haraldsson (r. c. 1015-1030)
1.2. heir of Haraldr inn grenski

Sigv Berv 6^II

sonr Tryggva
‘the son of Tryggvi’ = Óláfr Tryggvason
the son of Tryggvi → Óláfr Tryggvason

Óláfr I Tryggvason (r. c. 995-c. 1000)
1.1. descendant of Tryggvi Óláfsson

Sigv Berv 8^II

faðir Magnúss
‘Magnús’s father’ = Óláfr Haraldsson
Magnús’s father → Óláfr Haraldsson

Óláfr II inn helgi Haraldsson (r. c. 1015-1030)
1.4. father of Magnús inn góði Óláfsson

Sigv Berv 10^II

veltir þjófs
‘toppler of the thief’ = JUST RULER
Toppler of the thief, → JUST RULER

chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
4.1. destroyer of evildoers

Sigv Berv 10^II

varmra benja tármútaris teitir
‘gladdener of the tear-hawk of warm wounds’ = WARRIOR
the tear of warm wounds, → BLOOD
the hawk of the BLOOD → RAVEN/EAGLE
gladdener of the RAVEN/EAGLE → WARRIOR

warrior
3.1.02. gladdener of the bird of battlefield

Sigv Berv 10^II

varmra benja tármútari
‘of the hawk of the tear of warm wounds’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
the tear of warm wounds, → BLOOD
the hawk of the BLOOD → RAVEN/EAGLE

raven/eagle
1.2. bird of blood (A2)

Sigv Berv 10^II

varmra benja tár
‘of the tear of warm wounds’ = BLOOD
the tear of warm wounds, → BLOOD

blood
1.1. liquid of wounds (A2)

Sigv Berv 11^II

hjaldrgegnir
‘battle-promoter’ = WARRIOR
battle-promoter, → WARRIOR

warrior
2.5.2.3. encounterer of battle

Sigv Berv 13^II

hjaldrmǫgnuðr
‘battle-increaser’ = WARRIOR
battle-increaser. → WARRIOR

warrior
2.5.1. increaser / strengthener of battle

Sigv Berv 15^II

sonr Ôláfs
‘of Óláfr’s son’ = Magnús
Óláfr’s son; → Magnús

Magnús I inn góði Óláfsson (r. 1035-47)
1.1. son of Óláfr Haraldsson

Sigv Berv 15^II

haukey Haralds
‘Haraldr’s hawk-isle’ = Norway
Haraldr’s hawk-isle → Norway

Norway
1.1. land of the Norwegian ruler

Sigv Berv 16^II

sendir flotna
‘of the sender of sea-warriors’ = KING
the sender of sea-warriors → KING

chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler

Sigv Berv 18^II

senjórr Nóregs
‘seigneur of Norway’ = Magnús
Seigneur of Norway, → Magnús

Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.2. ruler of Norway

Sigv ErfÓl 1^I

tolf viðr bála elfar
‘twelve trees of the pyres of the river’ = MEN
the pyres of the river → GOLD
twelve trees of the GOLD → MEN

male, man
1.1. tree of gold

Sigv ErfÓl 1^I

bál elfar
‘of the pyres of the river’ = GOLD
the pyres of the river → GOLD

gold
1.1.2. fire of inland waters (A1)

Sigv ErfÓl 1^I

sóknstríðs tyggi Svía
‘of the battle-hard king of the Swedes’ = Óláfr sœnski
the battle-hard king of the Swedes → Óláfr sœnski

Swedish king, ruler
. ruler of the Swedes

Sigv ErfÓl 1^I

hestr Sigars
‘the horse of Sigarr’ = GALLOWS
the horse of Sigarr → GALLOWS

gallows
. horse of Sigarr

Sigv ErfÓl 2^I

Áss gneista
‘the god of the sword’ = WARRIOR = Óláfr Haraldsson
The god of the sword → WARRIOR = Óláfr Haraldsson

warrior
1.4.1. god of the weapon

Sigv ErfÓl 2^I

hverr veitir beita sverðs
‘each benefactor of the swingers of the sword’ = GENEROUS MAN
the swingers of the sword → WARRIORS
each benefactor of WARRIORS → GENEROUS MAN

male, man

Sigv ErfÓl 2^I

beitir sverðs
‘of the swingers of the sword’ = WARRIORS
the swingers of the sword → WARRIORS

warrior
1.7.04. user of the weapon

Sigv ErfÓl 2^I

ellifu eyðir máls mildings hella
‘eleven destroyers of the speech of the lord of the cave’ = GENEROUS MEN
the lord of the cave → GIANT
the speech of the GIANT → GOLD
Eleven destroyers of the GOLD → GENEROUS MEN

generous man
1.01.1. destroyer of gold

Sigv ErfÓl 2^I

mál mildings hella
‘of the speech of the lord of the cave’ = GOLD
the lord of the cave → GIANT
the speech of the GIANT → GOLD

gold
8.1. utterance of the giant (A3)

Sigv ErfÓl 2^I

mildingr hella
‘of the lord of the cave’ = GIANT
the lord of the cave → GIANT

giant
1.1.1. man of the cave

Sigv ErfÓl 3^I

fiskr lyngs
‘the fish of the heather’ = SNAKE
The fish of the heather → SNAKE

serpent, snake
1.1. fish or whale of the land (A1b)

Sigv ErfÓl 3^I

flugstyggs sonr Tryggva
‘of the flight-shunning son of Tryggvi’ = Óláfr Tryggvason
the flight-shunning son of Tryggvi → Óláfr Tryggvason

Óláfr I Tryggvason (r. c. 995-c. 1000)
1.1. descendant of Tryggvi Óláfsson

Sigv ErfÓl 6^I

vǫrðr grundar
‘the guardian of the land’ = KING = Óláfr
the guardian of the land → KING = Óláfr

chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
5.1. guardian of the land

Sigv ErfÓl 6^I

mildr faðir Magnúss
‘the gracious father of Magnús’ = Óláfr
The gracious father of Magnús → Óláfr

Óláfr II inn helgi Haraldsson (r. c. 1015-1030)
1.4. father of Magnús inn góði Óláfsson

Sigv ErfÓl 7^I

framlundaðr bróðir Ǫgmundar
‘the eager-spirited brother of Ǫgmundr’ = Þórðr
The eager-spirited brother of Ǫgmundr → Þórðr

Þórðr Fólason
. brother of Ǫgmundr

Sigv ErfÓl 7^I

hjaldrmóðum gramr Hringa
‘the battle-bold prince of the Hringar’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr
the battle-bold prince of the Hringar; → NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr

Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians

Sigv ErfÓl 9^I

hvǫtuðr hildar
‘the inciter of battle’ = WARRIOR = Óláfr
the inciter of battle; → WARRIOR = Óláfr

warrior
2.5.1.1. hastener of battle

Sigv ErfÓl 10^I

árr alms
‘the envoys of the elm-bow’ = WARRIORS
the envoys of the elm-bow → WARRIORS

warrior
1.7.05. envoy of the weapon

Sigv ErfÓl 10^I

mikill stálgustr
‘a great steel-gust’ = BATTLE
a great steel-gust → BATTLE

battle
1.1.1. storm/wind of the weapon

Sigv ErfÓl 13^I

lóns loghreytandi
‘flame-distributors of the lagoon’ = GENEROUS MEN
the flame of the lagoon → GOLD
for the distributors of the GOLD → GENEROUS MEN

generous man
2.3.1. flinger of gold

Sigv ErfÓl 13^I

lóns log
‘of the flame of the lagoon’ = GOLD
the flame of the lagoon → GOLD

gold
1.1.1. fire of the sea (A1)

Sigv ErfÓl 13^I

dróttinn hersa
‘the lord of hersar’ = KING = Óláfr
the lord of hersar → KING = Óláfr

chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
2.2. lord of princes

Sigv ErfÓl 14^I

tún reikar
‘the homefields of the hair-parting’ = HEAD
the homefields of the hair-parting → HEAD

head
1.1. place of the hair (A1b and A3)

Sigv ErfÓl 14^I

ísarnleikr
‘the iron-play’ = BATTLE
the iron-play. → BATTLE

battle
4.1. play of weapons

Sigv ErfÓl 15^I

skorðu skæ-Njǫrðungr
‘steed-Njǫrðungar of the prop’ = MEN
the steed of the prop. → SHIP
the Njǫrðungar of the SHIP → MEN

seafarer
1.3.1. god of the ship

Sigv ErfÓl 15^I

skorðu skær
‘of the steed of the prop’ = SHIP
the steed of the prop. → SHIP

ship, boat
1.2.1.1. horse of the ship

Sigv ErfÓl 16^I

húna hyrr
‘of the fire of the mast-tops’ = GOLD
the fire of the mast-tops → GOLD

gold
6. fire of mast-tops (A1)

Sigv ErfÓl 16^I

húna hyrsendir
‘fire-sender of the mast-tops’ = GENEROUS MAN = Óláfr
the fire of the mast-tops → GOLD
the sender of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN = Óláfr

generous man
2.4.1. sender of gold

Sigv ErfÓl 17^I

þollr seims
‘the fir-tree of gold’ = MAN
The fir-tree of gold → MAN

male, man
1.1. tree of gold

Sigv ErfÓl 17^I

Þróttr þvergarða glyggs gunnranns
‘the Þróttr of the cross-fences of the storm of the battle-hall’ = WARRIOR
the battle -hall, → SHIELD
the storm of the SHIELD → BATTLE
the cross-fences of the BATTLE → SHIELD
the Þróttr of the SHIELD → WARRIOR

warrior
1.4.1.01. Óðinn of the weapon

Sigv ErfÓl 17^I

þvergarðr glyggs gunnranns
‘of the cross-fences of the storm of the battle-hall’ = SHIELD
the battle -hall, → SHIELD
the storm of the SHIELD → BATTLE
the cross-fences of the BATTLE → SHIELD

shield
6.1. enclosure of battle

Sigv ErfÓl 17^I

glygg gunnranns
‘of the storm of the battle-hall’ = BATTLE
the battle -hall, → SHIELD
the storm of the SHIELD → BATTLE

battle
1.1.1.2. storm/wind of the shield

Sigv ErfÓl 17^I

gunnrann
‘of the battle-hall’ = SHIELD
the battle -hall, → SHIELD

shield
9.1. house of battle

Sigv ErfÓl 19^I

stríðir Engla
‘the opponent of the English’ = Óláfr
the opponent of the English, → Óláfr

Óláfr II inn helgi Haraldsson (r. c. 1015-1030)
5. fighter of the English

Sigv ErfÓl 19^I

fundr odda
‘the meeting of points’ = BATTLE
the meeting of points, → BATTLE

battle
3.1. meeting of weapons

Sigv ErfÓl 20^I

meiðr skers ógnar
‘the trees of the skerry of battle’ = WARRIORS
the skerry of battle → SHIELD
The trees of the SHIELD → WARRIORS

warrior
1.1.2. tree of the shield

Sigv ErfÓl 20^I

sker ógnar
‘of the skerry of battle’ = SHIELD
the skerry of battle → SHIELD

shield
5.1.2. land of battle

Sigv ErfÓl 20^I

viðr sárelds
‘the trees of the wound-fire’ = WARRIORS
the wound-fire → SWORD
the trees of the SWORD → WARRIORS

warrior
1.1.1. tree of the sword

Sigv ErfÓl 20^I

sáreldr
‘of the wound-fire’ = SWORD
the wound-fire → SWORD

sword
1.1.04. fire of the wound

Sigv ErfÓl 21^I

landreki hers inn fremri
‘better land-ruler of the army’ = KING
better land-ruler of the army → KING

chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
3.1. commander of the army

Sigv ErfÓl 22^I

flóttskjǫrrum feðr Magnúss
‘the flight-shy father of Magnús’ = Óláfr
the flight-shy father of Magnús. → Óláfr

Sigv ErfÓl 23^I

kykvir tívar ýs
‘living gods of the yew-bow’ = WARRIORS
living gods of the yew-bow; → WARRIORS

warrior
1.4.1. god of the weapon

Sigv ErfÓl 24^I

margr meiðr hrings
‘many a tree of the sword’ = MAN
Many a tree of the sword → MAN

warrior
1.1.1. tree of the sword

Sigv ErfÓl 27^I

vǫndr gjallar
‘the rod of clamour’ = SWORD
the rod of clamour, → SWORD

sword
4.1.11. rod/twig of din

Sigv ErfÓl 27^I

verr ylgjar
‘of the husband of the she-wolf’ = WOLF
the husband of the she-wolf, → WOLF

wolf
2.1. relative of the wolf (B4a and b)

Sigv ErfÓl 28^I

gramr Jórðánar
‘the prince of the Jordan’ = CHRIST
The prince of the Jordan → CHRIST

Jesus Christ

Sigv Erl 1^I

einn annan Jalks bríktǫpuðr
‘plank-destroyer of Jálkr’ = WARRIOR
the plank of Jálkr → SHIELD
[only] one other destroyer of the SHIELD → WARRIOR

warrior
1.7.02. destroyer of the weapon

Sigv Erl 1^I

Jalks brík
‘of the plank of Jálkr’ = SHIELD
the plank of Jálkr → SHIELD

shield
3.5. board of Óðinn

Sigv Erl 1^I

gætir gumna
‘the protector of men’ = RULER = Guðbrandr
the protector of men → RULER = Guðbrandr

chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
1.3. guardian of people

Sigv Erl 1^I

hati ormláðs
‘hater of the snake-land’ = GENEROUS MAN = Erlingr
the snake-land; → GOLD
hater of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN = Erlingr

generous man
1.06. hater of wealth

Sigv Erl 1^I

ormláð
‘of the snake-land’ = GOLD
the snake-land; → GOLD

gold
3.1.1. land of the serpent (A3)

Sigv Erl 1^I

hinn lægir linnsetrs
‘the diminisher of the serpent-abode’ = GENEROUS MAN
the serpent-abode → GOLD
the diminisher of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

generous man
. debaser of wealth

Sigv Erl 1^I

linnsetr
‘of the serpent-abode’ = GOLD
the serpent-abode → GOLD

gold
3.1.2. lair of the serpent (A3)

Sigv Erlfl 2^I

borðvǫllr
‘the plank-field’ = SEA
the plank-field → SEA

sea
4.1. land of the ship

Sigv Erlfl 3^I

snarr, lætrauðr sonr Skjalgs
‘the bold, deceit-shunning son of Skjálgr’ = Erlingr
The bold, deceit-shunning son of Skjálgr → Erlingr

Erlingr Skjálgsson (d. c. 1028)
1. son of Þórólfr skjálgr

Sigv Erlfl 4^I

geðstirðr hefnir Skjalgs
‘the tough-minded avenger of Skjálgr’ = Erlingr
The tough-minded avenger of Skjálgr → Erlingr

Erlingr Skjálgsson (d. c. 1028)
2. avenger of Þórólfr skjálgr

Sigv Erlfl 4^I

skúr skers gýgjar
‘the showers of the skerry of the axe’ = BATTLE
the skerry of the axe → SHIELD
the showers of the SHIELD → BATTLE

battle
1.2.1.2. shower of shields

Sigv Erlfl 4^I

sker gýgjar
‘of the skerry of the axe’ = SHIELD
the skerry of the axe → SHIELD

shield
5.1.1.4. land of the axe

Sigv Erlfl 4^I

virðir geirs
‘appreciator of the spear’ = WARRIOR
appreciator of the spear, → WARRIOR

warrior
1.7.14. appreciator of the weapon

Sigv Erlfl 4^I

víðbotn varðkeri glyggs
‘the wide base of the guarding-vessel of the storm’ = EARTH
the guarding-vessel of the storm, → SKY
the wide base of the SKY → EARTH

earth, land
2.1. bottom of the sky

Sigv Erlfl 4^I

varðker glyggs
‘of the guarding-vessel of the storm’ = SKY
the guarding-vessel of the storm, → SKY

sky/heaven
. vessel of storm/wind

Sigv Erlfl 6^I

allríkr konr bragna
‘the most powerful son of kings’ = RULER = Óláfr
the most powerful son of kings → RULER = Óláfr

chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
2.1. descendant of a ruler

Sigv Erlfl 7^I

vǫrðr foldar hǫrða
‘the guardian of the land of the hǫrðar’ = Erlingr
the land of the Hǫrðar → Hordaland
the guardian of HORDALAND → Erlingr

Erlingr Skjálgsson (d. c. 1028)
3. guardian of Hordaland

Sigv Erlfl 7^I

fold hǫrða
‘of the land of the hǫrðar’ = Hordaland
the land of the Hǫrðar → Hordaland

Hordaland
1. land of the Hǫrðar

Sigv Erlfl 9^I

snarr harri búþegna
‘the keen chief of landowners’ = RULER = Óláfr
the keen chief of landowners → RULER = Óláfr

chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
1.1. lord of people

Sigv Erlfl 9^I

faðir Ulfs
‘Úlfr’s father’ = Rǫgnvaldr
Úlfr’s father. → Rǫgnvaldr

Rǫgnvaldr jarl Úlfsson
1. father of Úlfr

Sigv Frag 1^III

eigi in smæstu él nadda
‘not the smallest storms of barbs’ = BATTLES
not the smallest storms of barbs. → BATTLES

battle
1.2.1. shower of weapons

Sigv Frag 2^III

knǫrr rastar
‘the ship of the league’ = HORSE
the ship of the league → HORSE

horse
1. ship of the land (A1a)

Sigv Frag 2^III

vǫrr rádýris
‘the wake of the roe-deer’ = LAND
the wake of the roe-deer. → LAND

earth, land
1.1. sea of the deer

Sigv Knútdr 3^I

ætt Haralds
‘the descendant of Haraldr’ = Óláfr
the descendant of Haraldr → Óláfr

Óláfr II inn helgi Haraldsson (r. c. 1015-1030)
1.1. descendant of Haraldr inn grenski

Sigv Knútdr 3^I

lýrgata
‘the pollack-path’ = SEA
the pollack-path → SEA

sea
3.2. path of the aquatic animal

Sigv Knútdr 5^I

þrimu þornheims Þundr
‘thorn-home of battle’ = WARRIOR = Óláfr
the thorn of battle. → SWORD
the home of the SWORD → SHIELD
the Þundr of the SHIELD → WARRIOR = Óláfr

warrior
1.4.1.01. Óðinn of the weapon

Sigv Knútdr 5^I

þrimu þornheimr
‘of the home of the thorn of battle’ = SHIELD
the thorn of battle. → SWORD
the home of the SWORD → SHIELD

shield
5.3.1. abode of the sword

Sigv Knútdr 5^I

þrimu þorn
‘of the thorn of battle’ = SWORD
the thorn of battle. → SWORD

sword
11.3. thorn of battle

Sigv Knútdr 6^I

hlǫðr dana
‘the feller of the danes’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr
the feller of the Danes → NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr

Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
5. killer of the Danes

Sigv Knútdr 7^I

fríðr, fráneygr niðr fylkis dana
‘the handsome, bright-eyed descendant of the ruler of the danes’ = Knútr
the ruler of the Danes. → Sveinn
the handsome, bright-eyed descendant of SVEINN → Knútr

Knútr inn ríki Sveinsson (r. 1014-1035)

Sigv Knútdr 7^I

fylkir dana
‘of the ruler of the danes’ = Sveinn
the ruler of the Danes. → Sveinn

Danish king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Danes

Sigv Knútdr 7^I

andskoti aðalráðs
‘the enemy of æthelred’ = Knútr
the enemy of Æthelred → Knútr

Knútr inn ríki Sveinsson (r. 1014-1035)
5. enemy of Æthelred

Sigv Knútdr 9^I

jǫfurr Jótlands
‘the lord of Jutland’ = DANISH KING = Knútr
the lord of Jutland → DANISH KING = Knútr

Danish king, ruler, jarl
1.2. ruler of Denmark

Sigv Knútdr 9^I

hlífskjǫldr dana
‘the protecting shield of the danes’ = DANISH KING = Knútr
The protecting shield of the Danes → DANISH KING = Knútr

Danish king, ruler, jarl
5. shield of Danish people

Sigv Knútdr 11^I

fár hringdrífr
‘few ring-distributors’ = GENEROUS RULERS
Few ring-distributors → GENEROUS RULERS

generous man
. driver of the ring

Sigv Lv 1^I

ormr eitrs leygjar
‘the poison-serpent of the sea’ = FISH
the poison-serpent of the sea → FISH

fish
1. snake of the sea (A1)

Sigv Lv 1^I

lyng vangs lýsu
‘the heather of the field of the cod’ = SEAWEED
the field of the cod. → SEA
the heather of the SEA → SEAWEED

seaweed
. heather of the sea

Sigv Lv 1^I

vangr lýsu
‘of the field of the cod’ = SEA
the field of the cod. → SEA

sea
3.1. land of the aquatic animal

Sigv Lv 1^I

atrennir agngalga
‘the caster of the bait-gallows’ = FISHERMAN
the bait-gallows → FISHING LINE
The caster of the FISHING LINE → FISHERMAN

fisherman
. caster of the fishing line

Sigv Lv 1^I

agngalgi
‘of the bait-gallows’ = FISHING LINE
the bait-gallows → FISHING LINE

fishing-line
2. gallows of the bait

Sigv Lv 2^I

alltíginn meiðir myrkblás drasils tjalda
‘most high-born destroyer of the dark black steed of awnings’ = WARRIOR
the dark black steed of awnings, → SHIP
most high-born destroyer of the SHIP → WARRIOR

sea-warrior
1. destroyer of the ship

Sigv Lv 2^I

myrkblás drasill tjalda
‘of the dark black steed of awnings’ = SHIP
the dark black steed of awnings, → SHIP

ship, boat
1.2.1.1. horse of the ship

Sigv Lv 3^I

Njǫrðr sóknar
‘Njǫrðr of combat’ = WARRIOR
Njǫrðr of combat, and I → WARRIOR

warrior
2.3.1.2. Njǫrðr of battle

Sigv Lv 3^I

látr blóða linns
‘of the lair of the serpent’s brother’ = GOLD
the serpent’s brother, → SERPENT
the lair of the SERPENT → GOLD

gold
3.1.2. lair of the serpent (A3)

Sigv Lv 3^I

þollr látrs blóða linns
‘fir-tree of the lair of the serpent’s brother’ = MAN
the serpent’s brother, → SERPENT
the lair of the SERPENT → GOLD
Fir-tree of the GOLD → MAN

male, man
1.1. tree of gold

Sigv Lv 3^I

blóði linns
‘of the serpent’s brother’ = SERPENT
the serpent’s brother, → SERPENT

serpent, snake
3. relative of the snake (B4a and B4b)

Sigv Lv 4^I

Gunnar gammteitandi
‘vulture-gladdeners of Gunnr’ = WARRIORS
the vulture of Gunnr → RAVEN/EAGLE
by gladdeners of the RAVEN/EAGLE → WARRIORS

warrior
3.1.02. gladdener of the bird of battlefield

Sigv Lv 4^I

Gunnar gammr
‘of the vulture of Gunnr’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
the vulture of Gunnr → RAVEN/EAGLE

raven/eagle
2.1. bird of the valkyrie (A2)

Sigv Lv 4^I

eldr ægis
‘the flame of the sea’ = GOLD
the flame of the sea. → GOLD

gold
1.1.1. fire of the sea (A1)

Sigv Lv 4^I

engis lúru látrþverrandi
‘lair-diminisher of the halibut of the meadow’ = GENEROUS MAN
the halibut of the meadow, → SERPENT
the lair of the SERPENT → GOLD
diminisher of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

generous man
1.03.1. diminisher of gold

Sigv Lv 4^I

engis lúru látr
‘of the lair of the halibut of the meadow’ = GOLD
the halibut of the meadow, → SERPENT
the lair of the SERPENT → GOLD

gold
3.1.2. lair of the serpent (A3)

Sigv Lv 4^I

engis lúra
‘of the halibut of the meadow’ = SERPENT
the halibut of the meadow, → SERPENT

serpent, snake
1.1. fish or whale of the land (A1b)

Sigv Lv 5^I

íss gunnrjóðr
‘war-reddener of ice’ = WARRIOR
war-ice, → SWORD
reddener of the SWORD → WARRIOR

warrior
1.7.03. stainer of the weapon

Sigv Lv 5^I

íss gunn
‘of war-ice’ = SWORD
war-ice, → SWORD

sword
3.1. ice of battle

Sigv Lv 6^I

viðr hjalmdrífu
‘the tree of the helmet-storm’ = WARRIOR
the helmet-storm → BATTLE
the tree of the BATTLE → WARRIOR

warrior
2.1. tree of battle

Sigv Lv 6^I

hjalmdrífa
‘of the helmet-storm’ = BATTLE
the helmet-storm → BATTLE

battle
1.2.2.1. shower of helmets

Sigv Lv 11^I

sókndjarfr arfi Haralds
‘the attack-brave heir of Haraldr’ = Óláfr
The attack-brave heir of Haraldr → Óláfr

Óláfr II inn helgi Haraldsson (r. c. 1015-1030)
1.2. heir of Haraldr inn grenski

Sigv Lv 11^I

sælan heiðis gatna hyrtælandi
‘the fortunate destroyer of the flame of the paths of the hawk’ = GENEROUS MAN
the paths of the hawk, → ARMS
the flame of ARMS → GOLD
the fortunate destroyer of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

generous man
1.14. deceiver of wealth

Sigv Lv 11^I

heiðis gatna hyrr
‘of the flame of the paths of the hawk’ = GOLD
the paths of the hawk, → ARMS
the flame of ARMS → GOLD

gold
2.1.1. fire of the arm/hand (A1)

Sigv Lv 11^I

heiðis gata
‘of the paths of the hawk’ = ARMS
the paths of the hawk, → ARMS

arm, hand
1.1.3. path of the bird of prey (A3)

Sigv Lv 14^I

djúpan heimr hás elds
‘the deep world of towering flame’ = HELL
the deep world of towering flame, → HELL

hell (Christian)
. world of fire

Sigv Lv 15^I

hilmir hǫrða
‘of the ruler of the hǫrðar’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr
the ruler of the Hǫrðar → NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr

Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians

Sigv Lv 16^I

all-valdr Englands
‘the mighty ruler of England’ = Knútr
The mighty ruler of England → Knútr

Knútr inn ríki Sveinsson (r. 1014-1035)
2. lord of England

Sigv Lv 19^I

inn vitri, móðrakkr bróðir Haralds
‘the wise, mind-bold brother of Haraldr’ = Óláfr
The wise, mind-bold brother of Haraldr → Óláfr

Óláfr II inn helgi Haraldsson (r. c. 1015-1030)
1.3. brother of Haraldr harðráði Sigurðarson

Sigv Lv 21^I

nýtum niðr Norðmanna
‘the able son of Norwegians’ = Óláfr
the able son of Norwegians; → Óláfr

Óláfr II inn helgi Haraldsson (r. c. 1015-1030)
2. descendant of the Norwegians

Sigv Lv 22^I

þengill rekka
‘of the prince of warriors’ = RULER = Sveinn/Magnús
the prince of warriors; → RULER = Sveinn/Magnús

chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
1.1. lord of people

Sigv Lv 25^I

niðr fylkis
‘of the leader’s offspring’ = RULER = Magnús
the leader’s offspring. → RULER = Magnús

chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
2.1. descendant of a ruler

Sigv Lv 26^I

ógnbandaðr
‘the battle-gesturer’ = WARRIOR
the battle-gesturer, → WARRIOR

warrior
. man of battle

Sigv Lv 27^I

munvágr Dáins
‘of the delightful wave of Dáinn’ = POETRY
the delightful wave of Dáinn → POETRY

poetry
1.2.2. liquid of the dwarfs

Sigv Lv 27^I

hverr haldorðr boði éls skjaldar
‘every word-holding announcer of the storm of the shield’ = WARRIOR
the storm of the shield → BATTLE
Every word-holding announcer of the BATTLE → WARRIOR

warrior
2.5.2.1. messenger of battle

Sigv Lv 27^I

él skjaldar
‘of the storm of the shield’ = BATTLE
the storm of the shield → BATTLE

battle
1.2.1.2. shower of shields

Sigv Lv 29^I

dróttinn drengja
‘the lord of men’ = RULER = Óláfr
The lord of men → RULER = Óláfr

chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
1.1. lord of people

Sigv Nesv 1^I

sigrviðr
‘the victory-trees’ = WARRIORS
the victory-trees, → WARRIORS

warrior
5.1. tree of victory

Sigv Nesv 2^I

rein Róða
‘the strip of land of Róði’ = SEA
the strip of land of Róði. → SEA

sea
2.1. land of the sea-king

Sigv Nesv 3^I

kennir frosts odda
‘the master of the frost of points’ = WARRIOR
the frost of points → BATTLE
the master of the BATTLE → WARRIOR

warrior
2.5.6. master of battle

Sigv Nesv 3^I

frost odda
‘of the frost of points’ = BATTLE
the frost of points → BATTLE

battle
1.3.1. frost of the weapon

Sigv Nesv 4^I

gnýr sverða
‘for the din of swords’ = BATTLE
for the din of swords, → BATTLE

battle
2.1.1. din of swords

Sigv Nesv 4^I

góðrar hríð gjóðs sigmána
‘for the good storm of the osprey of the battle-moon’ = BATTLE
the battle-moon, → SHIELD
the osprey of the SHIELD → RAVEN/EAGLE
for the good storm of the RAVEN/EAGLE → BATTLE

battle
1.2.7. shower of the bird of battlefield

Sigv Nesv 4^I

gjóðr sigmána
‘of the osprey of the battle-moon’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
the battle-moon, → SHIELD
the osprey of the SHIELD → RAVEN/EAGLE

raven/eagle
1.5. bird of the weapon (A2)

Sigv Nesv 4^I

sigmáni
‘of the battle-moon’ = SHIELD
the battle-moon, → SHIELD

shield
1.02. circular object of battle

Sigv Nesv 5^I

harðr hjǫrdynr
‘a hard sword-din’ = BATTLE
a hard sword-din → BATTLE

battle
2.1.1. din of swords

Sigv Nesv 5^I

flug fleina
‘the flight of barbs’ = BATTLE
the flight of barbs; → BATTLE

battle
9.1. flight of weapons

Sigv Nesv 7^I

greiðandi gnýs serks Gǫndlar
‘suppliers of the din of the shirt of Gǫndul’ = WARRIORS
the shirt of Gǫndul, → MAIL-SHIRT
the din of the MAIL-SHIRT → BATTLE
suppliers of the BATTLE → WARRIORS

warrior
2.5.2. wager of battle

Sigv Nesv 7^I

gnýr serks Gǫndlar
‘of the din of the shirt of Gǫndul’ = BATTLE
the shirt of Gǫndul, → MAIL-SHIRT
the din of the MAIL-SHIRT → BATTLE

battle
2.2.2. din of the mail-coat

Sigv Nesv 7^I

serkr Gǫndlar
‘of the shirt of Gǫndul’ = MAIL-SHIRT
the shirt of Gǫndul, → MAIL-SHIRT

mail-coat
1.4. garment of the valkyrie

Sigv Nesv 7^I

jór strengjar
‘the horse of the rope’ = SHIP
the horse of the rope, → SHIP

ship, boat
1.2.1.1. horse of the ship

Sigv Nesv 7^I

kveðja malma
‘the greeting of metal weapons’ = BATTLE
the greeting of metal weapons, → BATTLE

battle
6.06. greeting of weapons

Sigv Nesv 9^I

hljóms hringmiðlandi
‘sword-sharers of clamour’ = WARRIORS
the sword-clamour. → BATTLE
to the sharers of the BATTLE → WARRIORS

warrior
2.5.2.8. distributor of battle

Sigv Nesv 9^I

hljómr hring
‘of the sword-clamour’ = BATTLE
the sword-clamour. → BATTLE

battle
2.1.1. din of swords

Sigv Nesv 9^I

svǫrr blóðs
‘the bird of blood’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
the bird of blood → RAVEN/EAGLE

raven/eagle
1.2. bird of blood (A2)

Sigv Nesv 9^I

gunnsylgr
‘a battle-draught’ = BLOOD
a battle-draught. → BLOOD

blood
1.4. liquid of battle (A2)

Sigv Nesv 10^I

svǫrtum gjóðr Yggs
‘for the black osprey of Yggr’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
for the black osprey of Yggr. → RAVEN/EAGLE

raven
1.1. bird of Óðinn (A2)

Sigv Nesv 11^I

harða margr morðárr
‘very many a battle-envoy’ = WARRIOR
very many a battle-envoy, → WARRIOR

warrior
2.5.2.1. messenger of battle

Sigv Nesv 11^I

blakkr sunda
‘the dark steed of the sounds’ = SHIP
the dark steed of the sounds → SHIP

ship, boat
1.1.1.1. horse of the sea

Sigv Nesv 12^I

fold skers
‘the land of the skerry’ = SEA
the land of the skerry. → SEA

sea
5.1. land of the sea

Sigv Nesv 13^I

viðr elds hreifa
‘trees of the fire of the hand’ = MEN
the fire of the hand, → GOLD
trees of the GOLD → MEN

male, man
1.1. tree of gold

Sigv Nesv 13^I

eldr hreifa
‘of the fire of the hand’ = GOLD
the fire of the hand, → GOLD

gold
2.1.1. fire of the arm/hand (A1)

Sigv Nesv 14^I

þenna sendir þilblakks
‘this launcher of the plank-horse’ = SEAFARER = Óláfr
the plank-horse → SHIP
this launcher of the SHIP → SEAFARER = Óláfr

seafarer
1.1.01.5. sender of the ship

Sigv Nesv 14^I

þilblakkr
‘of the plank-horse’ = SHIP
the plank-horse → SHIP

ship, boat
1.2.1.1. horse of the ship

Sigv Nesv 14^I

frør hrælinns
‘the frost of the corpse-snake’ = BATTLE
the corpse-snake. → SWORD
the frost of the SWORD → BATTLE

battle
1.3.1. frost of the weapon

Sigv Nesv 14^I

hrælinnr
‘of the corpse-snake’ = SWORD
the corpse-snake. → SWORD

sword
2.5. snake of the corpse

Sigv Óldr 1^I

loptbyggvir eykja unnar
‘loft-inhabitant of the draught-animals of the wave’ = SEAFARER
the draught-animals of the wave, → SHIPS
the loft of SHIPS → AFTER-DECK
Inhabitant of the AFTER-DECK → SEAFARER

seafarer
1.1.05. inhabitant of the ship

Sigv Óldr 1^I

lofteykja unnar
‘of the loft of the draught-animals of the wave’ = AFTER-DECK
the draught-animals of the wave, → SHIPS
the loft of SHIPS → AFTER-DECK

after-deck
1. loft of the ship

Sigv Óldr 1^I

eykr unnar
‘of the draught-animals of the wave’ = SHIPS
the draught-animals of the wave, → SHIPS

ship, boat
1.1.1.2. other working animal of the sea

Sigv Vestv 2^I

stillir Jóta
‘the ruler of the Jótar’ = DANISH KING = Knútr
the ruler of the Jótar; → DANISH KING = Knútr

Danish king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Danes

Sigv Vestv 2^I

áttungr Gorms
‘the descendant of Gormr’ = DANISH KING = Knútr
the descendant of Gormr → DANISH KING = Knútr

Danish king, ruler, jarl
2. relative of a Danish king

Sigv Vestv 4^I

kyn Eireks
‘Eiríkr’s kin’ = Hákon
Eiríkr’s kin → Hákon

Hákon jarl Eiríksson (r. c. 1014-c. 1015)
1. descendant of Eiríkr jarl Hákonarson

Sigv Vestv 6^I

þollr seims
‘the firs of gold’ = MEN
the firs of gold; → MEN

male, man
1.1. tree of gold

Sigv Vestv 8^I

ýtir jarðar
‘impeller of land’ = RULER
Impeller of land, → RULER

chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler

Sigv Víkv 1^I

langr sæmeiðr
‘the long sea-tree’ = SHIP
The long sea-tree → SHIP

ship, boat
3.1. tree of the sea

Sigv Víkv 1^I

inn unga kundr jǫfra
‘the young descendant of princes’ = Óláfr
the young descendant of princes → Óláfr

chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
2.1. descendant of a ruler

Sigv Víkv 2^I

ǫnnur þing odda
‘other assemblies of weapon-points’ = BATTLES
other assemblies of weapon-points → BATTLES

battle
3.1. meeting of weapons

Sigv Víkv 3^I

in þriðja strǫng hríð stáls
‘the third powerful storm of steel’ = BATTLE
The third powerful storm of steel → BATTLE

battle
1.2.1. shower of weapons

Sigv Víkv 3^I

niðr fylkis
‘of the descendant of the ruler’ = Óláfr
the descendant of the ruler → Óláfr

chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
2.1. descendant of a ruler

Sigv Víkv 3^I

brimskíð
‘the surf-skis’ = SHIPS
the surf-skis. → SHIPS

ship, boat
2.1. ski of the sea

Sigv Víkv 4^I

galdr Gunnar
‘of a chant of Gunnr’ = BATTLE
a chant of Gunnr → BATTLE

battle
6.01.3. incantation of the valkyrie

Sigv Víkv 5^I

hneigir hlenna
‘oppressor of thieves’ = JUST RULER = Óláfr
Oppressor of thieves, → JUST RULER = Óláfr

chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
4.1. destroyer of evildoers

Sigv Víkv 6^I

at Yggs
‘the strife of Yggr’ = BATTLE
the strife of Yggr. → BATTLE

battle
5.3. strife of Óðinn

Sigv Víkv 7^I

sverðþing
‘a sword-assembly’ = BATTLE
a sword-assembly → BATTLE

battle
3.1.1. meeting of swords

Sigv Víkv 7^I

kind Ellu
‘the offspring of Ælla’ = Englishmen
The offspring of Ælla → Englishmen

English people
. relatives of an English king

Sigv Víkv 7^I

arfrvǫrðr Haralds
‘the guardian of Haraldr’s inheritance’ = Óláfr
the guardian of Haraldr’s inheritance → Óláfr

Óláfr II inn helgi Haraldsson (r. c. 1015-1030)
1.2. heir of Haraldr inn grenski

Sigv Víkv 8^I

mœtir víga
‘the meeter of battles’ = WARRIOR
the meeter of battles, → WARRIOR

warrior
2.5.2.3. encounterer of battle

Sigv Víkv 8^I

styrkr vǫrðr verðungar
‘the strong guardian of the troop’ = RULER
the strong guardian of the troop → RULER

chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
1.3. guardian of people

Sigv Víkv 9^I

ógnvaldr
‘battle-causer’ = WARRIOR
battle-causer → WARRIOR

warrior
2.5.3. causer of battle

Sigv Víkv 10^I

drífahregg folkveggs
‘with a driving storm of the battle-wall’ = BATTLE
the battle-wall → SHIELD
with a driving storm of the SHIELD → BATTLE

battle
1.1.1.2. storm/wind of the shield

Sigv Víkv 10^I

folkveggr
‘of the battle-wall’ = SHIELD
the battle-wall → SHIELD

shield
7.1. wall of battle

Sigv Víkv 12^I

tírfylgjandi
‘the glory-follower’ = WARRIOR
The glory-follower → WARRIOR

warrior

Sigv Víkv 12^I

fjǫrbann
‘a life-ban’ = DEATH
a life-ban → DEATH

death
1. loss of life

Sigv Víkv 13^I

snjallr dróttinn þrœnda
‘the brave lord of the þrœndir’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr
The brave lord of the Þrœndir → NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr

Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians

Sigv Víkv 14^I

malms munnrjóðr
‘mouth-reddener of the sword’ = WARRIOR
the mouth of the sword, → SWORD BLADE
The reddener of the SWORD BLADE → WARRIOR

warrior
1.7.03. stainer of the weapon

Sigv Víkv 14^I

malms munnr
‘of the mouth of the sword’ = SWORD BLADE
the mouth of the sword, → SWORD BLADE

sword blade
2. mouth of the sword

Sigv Víkv 14^I

hilmir mœra
‘the ruler of the mœrir’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr
the ruler of the Mœrir, → NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr

Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians

Sigv Víkv 14^I

Njǫrðr víga
‘the Nirðir of battles’ = WARRIORS
the Nirðir of battles; → WARRIORS

warrior
2.3.1.2. Njǫrðr of battle