Kenning Lexicon - kennings in ms

Tarrin Wills (database editor)

Kenning Lexicon

Menu Search

Kennings — GKS 2368 4° (2368)

This site is in progress and should not be referenced in research publications.

Arn Þorfdr 1^II
brim hrosta alfǫður
‘the surf of malt of alfaðir’ = POETRY
the surf of malt of Alfaðir → POETRY

GKS 2368 4°: 80
[3] ‑fǫður: fǫðrs U, papp10ˣ, 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
poetry
1.1.1. drink of Óðinn
Arn Þorfdr 1^II
brim hrosta
‘the surf of malt’ = ALE
the surf of malt → ALE

GKS 2368 4°: 80
ale/beer
1. liquid of ale components
Hávh Lv 1^III
ægis jódraugr
‘ocean’s steed-logs’ = SEAFARERS
the steed of the ocean; → SHIP
for the logs of the SHIP → SEAFARERS

GKS 2368 4°: 81
[1] jódraugum: ‘jöds augum’ 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
seafarer
1.2. tree of the ship
Hávh Lv 1^III
ægis jór
‘of the steed of the ocean’ = SHIP
the steed of the ocean; → SHIP

GKS 2368 4°: 81
[1] jódraugum: ‘jöds augum’ 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
ship, boat
1.1.1.1. horse of the sea
Hávh Lv 1^III
hangagoð
‘the god of the hanged’ = Óðinn
the god of the hanged → Óðinn

GKS 2368 4°: 81
Óðinn
2.6. god of the hanged (C3b)
Steinþ Frag 1^III
fors horna
‘the waterfall of horns’ = MEAD
the waterfall of horns → MEAD

GKS 2368 4°: 81
mead
1.2. liquid of the drinking horn
Steinþ Frag 1^III
hlítstyggs farmr arma gunnlaðar
‘of the trust-wary freight of the arms of gunnlǫð’ = POETRY
the arms of Gunnlǫð → LOVER = Óðinn
the trust-wary freight of the LOVERÓÐINN → POETRY

GKS 2368 4°: 81
[4] ‑styggs: so W, U, B, 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
poetry
Steinþ Frag 1^III
arma gunnlaðar
‘of the arms of gunnlǫð’ = LOVER = Óðinn
the arms of Gunnlǫð → LOVER = Óðinn

GKS 2368 4°: 81
lover
Refr Giz 3^III
ramar veig salar Fals brautar fannar
‘for the powerful drinks of the hall of the Falr of the path of the snow-drift’ = POETRY
the path of the snow-drift, → MOUNTAINS
the Falr of MOUNTAINS → GIANT = Suttungr
the hall of the GIANTSUTTUNGR → CAVE
for the powerful drinks of the CAVE → POETRY

GKS 2368 4°: 81/24
[4] ramar: rammar U, 2368ˣ
poetry
1.3.1. drink of the giants
Refr Giz 3^III
salr Fals brautar fannar
‘of the hall of the Falr of the path of the snow-drift’ = CAVE
the path of the snow-drift, → MOUNTAINS
the Falr of MOUNTAINS → GIANT = Suttungr
the hall of the GIANTSUTTUNGR → CAVE

GKS 2368 4°: 81/24
cave
1.2. dwelling of the giant
Refr Giz 3^III
Falr brautar fannar
‘of the Falr of the path of the snow-drift’ = GIANT = Suttungr
the path of the snow-drift, → MOUNTAINS
the Falr of MOUNTAINS → GIANT = Suttungr

GKS 2368 4°: 81/24
giant
1.2. male mythical being of the mountains
Refr Giz 3^III
braut fannar
‘of the path of the snow-drift’ = MOUNTAINS
the path of the snow-drift, → MOUNTAINS

GKS 2368 4°: 81/24
mountain
2.3. path of the snow-drift
Refr Giz 3^III
framr valdr hrannvala
‘outstanding owner of wave-horses’ = SEAFARER
wave-horses. → SHIPS
outstanding owner of SHIPS → SEAFARER

GKS 2368 4°: 81/24
[4] valdr: so Tˣ, W, U, 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
[3] ‑vala: ‑sala 2368ˣ
seafarer
1.1.06. user of the ship
Refr Giz 3^III
hrannvalr
‘of wave-horses’ = SHIPS
wave-horses. → SHIPS

GKS 2368 4°: 81/24
[3] ‑vala: ‑sala 2368ˣ
ship, boat
1.1.1.1. horse of the sea
Eskál Vell 5^I
hertýs vín-Gnóðar austr
‘bilge-water of the wine-Gnóð of the army-god’ = POEM
the army -god → Óðinn
the wine of ÓÐINN → POEM
the Gnóð of the POEM → VAT
the bilge-water of the VAT → POEM

GKS 2368 4°: 82/1
poetry
1.1.2. liquid of Óðinn
Eskál Vell 5^I
hertýs vín-Gnoð
‘of the Gnóð of the wine of the army-god’ = VAT
the army -god → Óðinn
the wine of ÓÐINN → POEM
the Gnóð of the POEM → VAT

GKS 2368 4°: 82/1
vat
. ship of poetry
Eskál Vell 5^I
hertýs vín
‘of the wine of the army-god’ = POEM
the army -god → Óðinn
the wine of ÓÐINN → POEM

GKS 2368 4°: 82/1
poetry
1.1.1. drink of Óðinn
Eskál Vell 5^I
hertýr
‘of the army-god’ = Óðinn
the army -god → Óðinn

GKS 2368 4°: 82/1
Óðinn
2.4. god of the army (C3b)
Eskál Vell 5^I
ǫrþeysir flausta
‘the valiant racer of ships’ = SEAFARER = Hákon
the valiant racer of ships; → SEAFARER = Hákon

GKS 2368 4°: 82/1
seafarer
1.1.17. racer of the ship
KormǪ Sigdr 7^III
algildan allvaldr aldar Yngva
‘the excellent mighty ruler of the people of Yngvi’ = YNGLING = Haraldr gráfeldr?
the excellent mighty ruler of the people of Yngvi → YNGLING = Haraldr gráfeldr?

GKS 2368 4°: 82/4
Yngling
KormǪ Sigdr 7^III
bifvangr ýs
‘his quivering field of the bow’ = HAND
his quivering field of the bow → HAND

GKS 2368 4°: 82/4
hand
2.1. place of the weapon (A3)
Eskál Vell 37^I
sonr Bestlu
‘the son of Bestla’ = Óðinn
the son of Bestla; → Óðinn

GKS 2368 4°: 82/6
Óðinn
1.4. son of Bestla (C4a)
Þblǫnd Frag 1^III
mjǫðr burar Bors
‘the mead of the son of Borr’ = POEM
the son of Borr, → Óðinn
the mead of ÓÐINN → POEM

GKS 2368 4°: 82/9
poetry
1.1.1. drink of Óðinn
Þblǫnd Frag 1^III
burr Bors
‘of the son of Borr’ = Óðinn
the son of Borr, → Óðinn

GKS 2368 4°: 82/9
Óðinn
1.3. descendant of Borr (C4a)
Þblǫnd Frag 1^III
arfi Búra
‘the heir of Búri’ = Óðinn
the heir of Búri. → Óðinn

GKS 2368 4°: 82/9
Óðinn
1.5. heir of Búri (C4a)
Anon (LaufE) 9^III
sveiti foldar
‘the blood of the earth’ = WATER
the blood of the earth → WATER

GKS 2368 4°: 86
[4] sveita: dreyra 1496ˣ, 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
water
1. blood of the earth
Anon (LaufE) 10^III
dreyri dals
‘the gore of the valley’ = WATER
the gore of the valley. → WATER

GKS 2368 4°: 86
water
1. blood of the earth
Anon Bjark 7^III
inn kámleita vélir viðbjarnar aldinna veggja
‘the dark betrayer of the wood-bear of old walls’ = CAT
the wood-bear of old walls. → MOUSE
the dark betrayer of the MOUSE → CAT

GKS 2368 4°: 88/15
[3] viðbjarnar: viðbjarna 2368ˣ
cat
1. betrayer of the mouse (B1a)
Anon Bjark 7^III
viðbjǫrn aldinna veggja
‘of the wood-bear of old walls’ = MOUSE
the wood-bear of old walls. → MOUSE

GKS 2368 4°: 88/15
[3] viðbjarnar: viðbjarna 2368ˣ
mouse
1. wood-bear of the wall (A2)
Sigv Frag 2^III
knǫrr rastar
‘the ship of the league’ = HORSE
the ship of the league → HORSE

GKS 2368 4°: 88/19
horse
1. ship of the land (A1a)
Sigv Frag 2^III
vǫrr rádýris
‘the wake of the roe-deer’ = LAND
the wake of the roe-deer. → LAND

GKS 2368 4°: 88/19
earth, land
1.1. sea of the deer
ESk Lv 8^III
baldrekr Þjóttu
‘the baldric of Tjøtta’ = SEA
the baldric of Tjøtta; → SEA

GKS 2368 4°: 89
sea
1.1. belt of the land
ESk Lv 8^III
lindi Raðar
‘the band of Radøy’ = SEA
the band of Radøy; → SEA

GKS 2368 4°: 89
[2] Raðar: ‘herdar’ papp10ˣ, 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
sea
1.1. belt of the land
ESk Lv 8^III
víðgyrðill Vǫrðu
‘the wide girdle of Varða’ = SEA
the wide girdle of Varða → SEA

GKS 2368 4°: 89
sea
1.1. belt of the land
ESk Lv 8^III
belti Fenhringar
‘the belt of Askøy’ = SEA
the belt of Askøy → SEA

GKS 2368 4°: 89
sea
1.1. belt of the land
ESk Lv 8^III
umgjǫrð Huglar
‘the sheath of Huglo’ = SEA
The sheath of Huglo → SEA

GKS 2368 4°: 89
sea
1.7. sheath of the land
ESk Lv 8^III
grásili Stolmar
‘the grey harness-strap of Stolmen’ = SEA
the grey harness-strap of Stolmen; → SEA

GKS 2368 4°: 89
sea
1.6. harness-strap of the land
ESk Lv 8^III
baugr Bóknar
‘the ring of Bokn’ = SEA
the ring of Bokn → SEA

GKS 2368 4°: 89
[7] baugi: ‘ba[…]gur’ 2368ˣ
[7] Bóknar: so 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
sea
1.4. ring of the land
ESk Lv 8^III
men Lygru
‘the necklace of Lygra’ = SEA
the necklace of Lygra → SEA

GKS 2368 4°: 89
sea
1.3. necklace of the land
ESk Lv 9^III
baldrekr Síra
‘the baldric of Sira’ = SEA
the baldric of Sira; → SEA

GKS 2368 4°: 89
sea
1.1. belt of the land
ESk Lv 9^III
gyrðill Brú
‘the girdle of Bru’ = SEA
the girdle of Bru → SEA

GKS 2368 4°: 89
[2] Brú: ‘brunn’ papp10ˣ, 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
sea
1.1. belt of the land
ESk Lv 9^III
lindi Lygru
‘the band of Lygra’ = SEA
the band of Lygra → SEA

GKS 2368 4°: 89
sea
1.1. belt of the land
ESk Lv 9^III
belti Leku
‘the belt of Leka’ = SEA
the belt of Leka → SEA

GKS 2368 4°: 89
sea
1.1. belt of the land
ESk Lv 9^III
helsi Karmtar
‘the necklace of Karmøy’ = SEA
The necklace of Karmøy → SEA

GKS 2368 4°: 89
sea
1.3. necklace of the land
ESk Lv 9^III
sili Þjórnar
‘the harness-strap of Tjörn’ = SEA
the harness-strap of Tjörn; → SEA

GKS 2368 4°: 89
sea
1.6. harness-strap of the land
ESk Lv 9^III
girði Gizka
‘the girdle of Giske’ = SEA
the girdle of Giske; → SEA

GKS 2368 4°: 89
sea
1.1. belt of the land
ESk Lv 9^III
men Storðar
‘the necklace of Stord’ = SEA
the necklace of Stord. → SEA

GKS 2368 4°: 89
sea
1.3. necklace of the land
ESk Lv 14^III
gyrðill Garta
‘the girdle of Garten’ = SEA
The girdle of Garten → SEA

GKS 2368 4°: 89
sea
1.1. belt of the land
ESk Lv 14^III
lindi Þrumu
‘the band of Tromøy’ = SEA
the band of Tromøy; → SEA

GKS 2368 4°: 89
sea
1.1. belt of the land
ESk Lv 14^III
svalfjǫturr Selju
‘the cool fetter of Selja’ = SEA
the cool fetter of Selja → SEA

GKS 2368 4°: 89
sea
1.2. band/fetter of the land
ESk Lv 14^III
men Hrundar
‘the necklace of Runde’ = SEA
the necklace of Runde → SEA

GKS 2368 4°: 89
sea
1.3. necklace of the land
ESk Lv 14^III
allt belti Brimlar
‘the entire belt of Briml’ = SEA
The entire belt of Briml → SEA

GKS 2368 4°: 89
sea
1.1. belt of the land
ESk Lv 14^III
ern sili Hernar
‘the vigorous harness-strap of Hernar’ = SEA
the vigorous harness-strap of Hernar → SEA

GKS 2368 4°: 89
sea
1.6. harness-strap of the land
ESk Lv 14^III
umgjǫrð Hristar
‘the sheath of Riste’ = SEA
the sheath of Riste → SEA

GKS 2368 4°: 89
sea
1.7. sheath of the land
ESk Lv 14^III
hringr Þrymlinga
‘the ring of Tromlingene’ = SEA
the ring of Tromlingene. → SEA

GKS 2368 4°: 89
[8] hringrinn (‘hringurinn’): ‘hrijngur’ 2368ˣ
sea
1.4. ring of the land
ESk Lv 15^III
girði Gælu
‘the girdle of Gæla’ = SEA
the girdle of Gæla; → SEA

GKS 2368 4°: 89
sea
1.1. belt of the land
ESk Lv 15^III
fjǫturr Tauma
‘the fetter of Taumar’ = SEA
the fetter of Taumar; → SEA

GKS 2368 4°: 89
[2] saumr fjǫtur: saumfjǫtur all
sea
1.2. band/fetter of the land
ESk Lv 15^III
umgjǫrð Óstrar
‘the sheath of Osterøy’ = SEA
the sheath of Osterøy → SEA

GKS 2368 4°: 89
sea
1.7. sheath of the land
ESk Lv 15^III
men Senju
‘the necklace of Senja’ = SEA
the necklace of Senja → SEA

GKS 2368 4°: 89
sea
1.3. necklace of the land
ESk Lv 15^III
lindi Bolgu
‘the band of Bolga’ = SEA
The band of Bolga → SEA

GKS 2368 4°: 89
sea
1.1. belt of the land
ESk Lv 15^III
stinnr sili Kinnar
‘the stiff harness-strap of Kinn’ = SEA
the stiff harness-strap of Kinn → SEA

GKS 2368 4°: 89
sea
1.6. harness-strap of the land
ESk Lv 15^III
hringr Hveðru
‘the ring of Hveðra’ = SEA
the ring of Hveðra → SEA

GKS 2368 4°: 89
sea
1.4. ring of the land
ESk Lv 15^III
belti Glanar
‘the belt of Glǫn’ = SEA
the belt of Glǫn → SEA

GKS 2368 4°: 89
[8] belti: ‘belltt[…]’ 2368ˣ
sea
1.1. belt of the land
ÞjóðA Sex 29^II
blóðorri
‘the blood-grouse’ = RAVEN
the blood-grouse → RAVEN

GKS 2368 4°: 90
raven/eagle
1.2. bird of blood (A2)
ÞjóðA Sex 29^II
barr ara
‘the eagle’s barley’ = CORPSES
the eagle’s barley; → CORPSES

GKS 2368 4°: 90
corpse, slain
1.1. food of the raven/eagle
ÞjóðA Sex 29^II
konungr hǫrða
‘the king of the hǫrðar’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Haraldr
the king of the Hǫrðar → NORWEGIAN KING = Haraldr

GKS 2368 4°: 90
[4] Hǫrða: harða papp10ˣ, 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians
ÞjóðA Sex 29^II
sigð Gauts
‘the sickle of Gautr’ = SWORD
the sickle of Gautr → SWORD

GKS 2368 4°: 90
[3] Gauts: Gautr papp10ˣ, 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
sword
10.5. tool of Óðinn
ÞjóðA Sex 29^II
ǫrð svans sveita
‘the corn of the swan of blood’ = CORPSES
the swan of blood. → RAVEN
the corn of the RAVEN → CORPSES

GKS 2368 4°: 90
[4] ǫrð: jǫrð A, 744ˣ, papp10ˣ, 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
corpse, slain
1.1. food of the raven/eagle
ÞjóðA Sex 29^II
svanr sveita
‘of the swan of blood’ = RAVEN
the swan of blood. → RAVEN

GKS 2368 4°: 90
raven/eagle
1.2. bird of blood (A2)
Anon Bjark 3^III
haddr jarðar
‘the hair of the earth’ = GRASS
the hair of the earth. → GRASS

GKS 2368 4°: 90/28
grass
1.1. hair of the earth
ESk Øxfl 3^III
brandr gjalfrs
‘fire of the surge’ = GOLD
fire of the surge → GOLD

GKS 2368 4°: 91
gold
1.1.1. fire of the sea (A1)
ESk Øxfl 3^III
grand hlífar
‘the harm of the shield’ = AXE/SWORD
the harm of the shield. → AXE/SWORD

GKS 2368 4°: 91
sword
ESk Øxfl 3^III
fóstrgœðandi svans gunnar
‘the provisions-increaser of the swan of battle’ = WARRIOR
the swan of battle → RAVEN/EAGLE
The provisions-increaser of the RAVEN/EAGLE → WARRIOR

GKS 2368 4°: 91
warrior
3.1.01. feeder of the bird of battlefield
ESk Øxfl 3^III
svanr gunnar
‘of the swan of battle’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
the swan of battle → RAVEN/EAGLE

GKS 2368 4°: 91
raven/eagle
1.1. bird of battle (A2)
ESk Øxfl 3^III
sáð Fróða
‘Fróði’s seed’ = GOLD
Fróði’s seed; → GOLD

GKS 2368 4°: 91
gold
9.2.1. grain, flour of Fróði (A1)
ESk Øxfl 3^III
nift Freys
‘Freyr’s niece’ = Hnoss
Freyr’s niece → Hnoss

GKS 2368 4°: 91
[8] Freys nipt bráa driptir: ‘Brꜳ dripter freys niptar’ 2368ˣ
Hnoss
2. niece of Freyr (C4a)
ESk Øxfl 3^III
driptir bráa móður sínar
‘the rain of eyelashes of her mother’ = GOLD
the rain of eyelashes of her mother. → GOLD

GKS 2368 4°: 91
[8] Freys nipt bráa driptir: ‘Brꜳ dripter freys niptar’ 2368ˣ
gold
8.2. tears of Freyja (A3)
ESk Øxfl 3^III
drift bráa
‘the rain of eyelashes’ = TEARS
the rain of eyelashes → TEARS

GKS 2368 4°: 91
[8] Freys nipt bráa driptir: ‘Brꜳ dripter freys niptar’ 2368ˣ
tears, weeping
1.1. shower of the eyes
ESk Øxfl 3^III
gollvífiðu hróðrbarn Hǫrnar
‘the gold-wrapped glory-child of Hǫrn’ = Hnoss
the gold-wrapped glory-child of Hǫrn; we [I] → Hnoss

GKS 2368 4°: 91
Hnoss
1. daughter of Freyja (C4a)
ESk Øxfl 6^III
mær Fróða
‘Fróði’s girls’ = Fenja and Menja
Fróði’s girls → Fenja and Menja

GKS 2368 4°: 92
Fenja and Menja
1. women of Fróði (C3b)
ESk Øxfl 6^III
beðr Grafvitnis
‘Grafvitnir’s bed’ = GOLD
Grafvitnir’s bed; → GOLD

GKS 2368 4°: 92
gold
3.1.2. lair of the serpent (A3)
ESk Øxfl 6^III
stýrir bragar
‘the controller of praise’ = POET
the controller of praise; → POET

GKS 2368 4°: 92
[8] stýri: stýrir 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
poet
2.02. ruler of poetry
ESk Øxfl 6^III
þann meldr Fenju
‘that flour of Fenja’ = GOLD
that flour of Fenja. → GOLD

GKS 2368 4°: 92
[6] meldr: mildr 2368ˣ
gold
9.2.2. flour of Fenja and Menja (A1)
ESk Øxfl 7^III
snjór sjóðs
‘snow of the purse’ = SILVER
snow of the purse → SILVER

GKS 2368 4°: 92
silver
3.1. snow of the purse
ESk Øxfl 7^III
eldr geima
‘fire of the sea’ = GOLD
fire of the sea → GOLD

GKS 2368 4°: 92
gold
1.1.1. fire of the sea (A1)
ESk Øxfl 7^III
blóðeisa
‘of the blood-ember’ = AXE
the blood-ember; → AXE

GKS 2368 4°: 92
axe
3. fire of blood
ESk Øxfl 7^III
stríðir søkkva
‘the fighter of enemies’ = WARRIOR
the fighter of enemies. → WARRIOR

GKS 2368 4°: 92
warrior
4.5. fighter of enemies
ESk Øxfl 8^III
hafleygr
‘the sea-flame’ = GOLD
the sea-flame → GOLD

GKS 2368 4°: 92
gold
1.1.1. fire of the sea (A1)
ESk Øxfl 8^III
hvítum digulskafl
‘the white crucible-snowdrift’ = SILVER
the white crucible-snowdrift, → SILVER

GKS 2368 4°: 92
silver
2.1. snow of the crucible
ESk Øxfl 8^III
Heita blakks hlýrskildir
‘prow-shield-provider of Heiti’s horse’ = SEA-WARRIOR
the prow of Heiti’s horse → SHIP
the shield-provider of the SHIP → SEA-WARRIOR

GKS 2368 4°: 92
sea-warrior
3. shield-provider of the ship
ESk Øxfl 8^III
Heita blakkr hlýr
‘of the prow of Heiti’s horse’ = SHIP
the prow of Heiti’s horse → SHIP

GKS 2368 4°: 92
ship, boat
. defective
ESk Øxfl 8^III
snjór skála
‘snow of scales’ = SILVER
snow of scales → SILVER

GKS 2368 4°: 92
silver
4. snow of scales
ESk Øxfl 8^III
eldi hrynbrautar áls
‘fire of the eel’s resounding road’ = GOLD
the eel’s resounding road; → SEA
fire of the SEA → GOLD

GKS 2368 4°: 92
gold
1.1.1. fire of the sea (A1)
ESk Øxfl 8^III
hrynbraut áls
‘of the eel’s resounding road’ = SEA
the eel’s resounding road; → SEA

GKS 2368 4°: 92
sea
3.2. path of the aquatic animal
ESk Øxfl 8^III
fellir folka
‘the feller of armies’ = WARRIOR
the feller of armies → WARRIOR

GKS 2368 4°: 92
warrior
4.8. killer of men
Þfagr Frag 2^III
digulfarmr
‘crucible-cargo’ = SILVER
crucible-cargo → SILVER

GKS 2368 4°: 92
silver
2.3. cargo of the crucible
Þfagr Frag 2^III
glæstar valstǫð
‘the decorated falcon-perches’ = ARMS
the decorated falcon-perches → ARMS

GKS 2368 4°: 92
arm, hand
1.1.2. home, resting place of the bird of prey (A3)
Þfagr Frag 2^III
eisa armleggs
‘fire of the upper arm’ = GOLD
fire of the upper arm. → GOLD

GKS 2368 4°: 92
gold
2.1.1. fire of the arm/hand (A1)
ÞjóðA Sex 27^II
ǫrð burðar Yrsu
‘with the grain of the offspring of Yrsa’ = GOLD
the offspring of Yrsa → Hrólfr kraki
with the grain of HRÓLFR KRAKI → GOLD

GKS 2368 4°: 92
[1] Ǫrð: Jǫrð 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
gold
9.3.1. grain of Hrólfr kraki (A1)
ÞjóðA Sex 27^II
burðr Yrsu
‘of the offspring of Yrsa’ = Hrólfr kraki
the offspring of Yrsa → Hrólfr kraki

GKS 2368 4°: 92
Hrólfr kraki
. descendant of Yrsa
ÞjóðA Sex 27^II
bjartplógaðan brattakr vǫluspakra bauga
‘the bright-ploughed steep field of joint-calm rings’ = ARM
the bright-ploughed steep field of joint-calm rings → ARM

GKS 2368 4°: 92
[4] bratt‑: ‘brauk’ 2368ˣ
[4] vǫlu‑: vala Tˣ(34r), W, U(44r), 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
arm, hand
2.1. place of the ring (A3)
ÞjóðA Sex 27^II
ljósu barr Kraka
‘bright barley of Kraki (‘Pole-ladder’)’ = GOLD
bright barley of Kraki (‘Pole-ladder’) → GOLD

GKS 2368 4°: 92
gold
9.3.1. grain of Hrólfr kraki (A1)
ÞjóðA Sex 27^II
kalfa hauks
‘territories of the hawk’ = ARMS
territories of the hawk, → ARMS

GKS 2368 4°: 92
[8] kǫlfur: kalfur 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
arm, hand
1.1.1. land of the bird of prey (A3)
Anon Bjark 4^III
forverk Fenju
‘Fenja’s toil’ = GOLD
Fenja’s toil, → GOLD

GKS 2368 4°: 93
gold
9.2.3. work of Fenja (A3)
Anon Bjark 4^III
miðgarðr Fáfnis
‘Fáfnir’s land’ = GOLD
Fáfnir’s land, → GOLD

GKS 2368 4°: 93
gold
3.1.1. land of the serpent (A3)
Anon Bjark 4^III
glóbarr Glasis
‘Glasir’s glowing foliage’ = GOLD
Glasir’s glowing foliage, → GOLD

GKS 2368 4°: 93
gold
8.6. foliage of Glasir (A3)
Anon Bjark 4^III
fagrbyrðr Grana
‘Grani’s fair burden’ = GOLD
Grani’s fair burden, → GOLD

GKS 2368 4°: 93
gold
9.1.1. cargo of Grani (A3)
Anon Bjark 4^III
dýrsveiti Draupnis
‘Draupnir’s precious sweat’ = GOLD
Draupnir’s precious sweat, → GOLD

GKS 2368 4°: 93
[7] Draupnis: Drupnis papp10ˣ, 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
gold
8.3.1. dew of Draupnir (A3)
Anon Bjark 4^III
dúni Grafvitnis
‘Grafvitnir’s feather-bed’ = GOLD
Grafvitnir’s feather-bed. → GOLD

GKS 2368 4°: 93
gold
3.1.2. lair of the serpent (A3)
Anon Bjark 5^III
svarðfestum Sifjar
‘Sif’s scalp-cords’ = GOLD
scalp-cords, → HAIR
Sif’s of the HAIR → GOLD

GKS 2368 4°: 93
[3] Sifjar: so W, U, A, papp10ˣ, 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
gold
8.4. hair of Sif (A3)
Anon Bjark 5^III
svarðfestr
‘scalp-cords’ = HAIR
scalp-cords, → HAIR

GKS 2368 4°: 93
hair
2. rope of the head (A1b)
Anon Bjark 5^III
svell dalnauðar
‘ice of the bow-compulsion’ = SILVER
the bow-compulsion, → ARM
ice of the ARM → SILVER

GKS 2368 4°: 93
silver
1.1. ice of the arm/hand
Anon Bjark 5^III
dalnauðr
‘of the bow-compulsion’ = ARM
the bow-compulsion, → ARM

GKS 2368 4°: 93
arm, hand
3.2. compulsion of the bow (A3)
Anon Bjark 5^III
tregum gjald Otrs
‘the reluctant payment for Otr’ = GOLD
the reluctant payment for Otr, → GOLD

GKS 2368 4°: 93
gold
8.7. payment of Otr/otter (A3)
Anon Bjark 5^III
tár Mardallar
‘the tears of Mardǫll’ = GOLD
the tears of Mardǫll, → GOLD

GKS 2368 4°: 93
gold
8.2. tears of Freyja (A3)
Anon Bjark 5^III
eldr Órunar
‘the fire of Órun’ = GOLD
the fire of Órun, → GOLD

GKS 2368 4°: 93
[7] Órunar: ‘uranar’ 2368ˣ
gold
1.1.2.1. fire of the river (A1)
Anon Bjark 5^III
glysmál Iðja
‘the shining speeches of Iði’ = GOLD
the shining speeches of Iði. → GOLD

GKS 2368 4°: 93
gold
8.1. utterance of the giant (A3)
Anon Bjark 6^III
gunnveitir
‘the battle-granter’ = WARRIOR
The battle-granter, → WARRIOR

GKS 2368 4°: 93
[1] gunnveitir: gunnveiti R, Tˣ, W, papp10ˣ, 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
warrior
2.5.2.7. giver/granter of battle
Anon Bjark 6^III
þingskil Þjaza
‘with Þjazi’s assembly declarations’ = GOLD
with Þjazi’s assembly declarations, → GOLD

GKS 2368 4°: 93
[3] þingskilum: þingskálum W, papp10ˣ, 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
gold
8.1. utterance of the giant (A3)
Anon Bjark 6^III
rauðmalmr Rínar
‘with the red metal of the Rhine’ = GOLD
with the red metal of the Rhine, → GOLD

GKS 2368 4°: 93
gold
9.1.4. metal of the Rhine (A2)
Anon Bjark 6^III
róg Niflunga
‘with the strife of the Niflungar’ = GOLD
with the strife of the Niflungar; → GOLD

GKS 2368 4°: 93
gold
9.1.2. strife of the Niflungar (A3)
Arn Magndr 19^II
gǫmlum hauss Ymis
‘the ancient skull of Ymir’ = SKY/HEAVEN
the ancient skull of Ymir → SKY/HEAVEN

GKS 2368 4°: 93
sky/heaven
9.2. skull of Ymir
Arn Frag 4^III
eldr bekks
‘fire of the stream’ = GOLD
Fire of the stream → GOLD

GKS 2368 4°: 93
gold
1.1.2. fire of inland waters (A1)
Anon (LaufE) 7^III
linna vǫllr
‘of the field of serpents’ = GOLD
the field of serpents → GOLD

GKS 2368 4°: 94
[2] vall‑: val‑ all
gold
3.1.1. land of the serpent (A3)
Anon (LaufE) 7^III
vát*r linna vallfinnandi
‘field-bestower of serpents’ = GENEROUS MAN
the field of serpents → GOLD
The wet bestower of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

GKS 2368 4°: 94
[1] Vát*r: ‘Vattur’ all
[2] vall‑: val‑ all
generous man
2.2.1. giver of gold
Anon (LaufE) 7^III
svín Víðblinda
‘the swine of Víðblindi’ = WHALE
the swine of Víðblindi; → WHALE

GKS 2368 4°: 94
whale
1. pig of Víðblindi (A3)
Arn Þorfdr 24^II
erfiði Austra
‘the toil of Austri’ = SKY/HEAVEN
the toil of Austri → SKY/HEAVEN

GKS 2368 4°: 94
[3] erfiði: ‘erfuide’ 2368ˣ
sky/heaven
9.1.2. toil of the dwarf
Arn Þorfdr 24^II
þeim geymir inndróttar
‘that guardian of his retinue’ = RULER
that guardian of his retinue. → RULER

GKS 2368 4°: 94
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
1.3. guardian of people
Balti Sigdr 4^II
bróðir Inga
‘Ingi’s brother’ = Sigurðr munnr
Ingi’s brother → Sigurðr munnr

GKS 2368 4°: 94
Sigurðr II munnr Haraldsson (r. 1136-55)
1. brother of Ingi Haraldsson
Balti Sigdr 4^II
grund sólar
‘the ground of the sun’ = SKY/HEAVEN
the ground of the sun. → SKY/HEAVEN

GKS 2368 4°: 94
sky/heaven
6.1.1. land of the sun
Þul Kálfv 1^III
bani Belja
‘the slayer of Beli’ = Freyr
The slayer of Beli → Freyr

GKS 2368 4°: 95
Freyr
. killer of Beli
Þul Kálfv 1^III
skati Haddingja
‘the champion of the Haddingjar’ = Helgi
the champion of the Haddingjar → Helgi

GKS 2368 4°: 95
Helgi Haddingjaskati
. lord of the Haddingjar
ESk Frag 6^III
dýrr magnandi dolgskára
‘the splendid strengthener of the battle-gull’ = WARRIOR
the battle-gull → RAVEN/EAGLE
The splendid strengthener of the RAVEN/EAGLE → WARRIOR

GKS 2368 4°: 95
[2] magnandi: so Tˣ, A, B, 2368ˣ
warrior
3.1.05. strengthener of the bird of battlefield
ESk Frag 6^III
dolgskári
‘of the battle-gull’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
the battle-gull → RAVEN/EAGLE

GKS 2368 4°: 95
raven/eagle
1.1. bird of battle (A2)
ESk Frag 6^III
dýrum Garmr bliksólar
‘the splendid Garmr of the gleam-sun’ = WEAPON
the gleam-sun; → SHIELD
the splendid Garmr of the SHIELD → WEAPON

GKS 2368 4°: 95
weapon
. dog of the shield
ESk Frag 6^III
bliksól
‘of the gleam-sun’ = SHIELD
the gleam-sun; → SHIELD

GKS 2368 4°: 95
shield
1.10. sun of the gleam
ESk Frag 6^III
harmr fermu Hugins
‘the grief of Huginn’s food’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
Huginn’s food → CORPSES
the grief of CORPSES → RAVEN/EAGLE

GKS 2368 4°: 95
[3] Hugins: hug með 2368ˣ
raven/eagle
4. harm of the corpse (A3)
ESk Frag 6^III
ferma Hugins
‘of Huginn’s food’ = CORPSES
Huginn’s food → CORPSES

GKS 2368 4°: 95
[3] Hugins: hug með 2368ˣ
corpse, slain
1.1. food of the raven/eagle
Eskál Vell 35^I
herstefnandi
‘the army-summoner’ = RULER
The army-summoner → RULER

GKS 2368 4°: 95/3
[3] her‑: hræ‑ A, 743ˣ, 2368ˣ
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
3.2. summoner of the army
Eskál Vell 35^I
tafn ylgjar
‘the prey of the she-wolf’ = CORPSE
the prey of the she-wolf. → CORPSE

GKS 2368 4°: 95/3
corpse, slain
1.2. food of the wolf
Bjarni Frag 2^III
rauð svarf þélar rams éls rekninga
‘the red shavings of the file of the strong storm of swords’ = BLOOD
the strong storm of swords → BATTLE
the file of the BATTLE → SWORD
the red shavings of the SWORD → BLOOD

GKS 2368 4°: 96/16
[2] rekninga: ‘rekuga’ 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
blood
3. shavings of the sword (A1c)
Bjarni Frag 2^III
þél rams éls rekninga
‘of the file of the strong storm of swords’ = SWORD
the strong storm of swords → BATTLE
the file of the BATTLE → SWORD

GKS 2368 4°: 96/16
[2] rekninga: ‘rekuga’ 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
sword
10.4. tool of battle
Bjarni Frag 2^III
rams él rekninga
‘of the strong storm of swords’ = BATTLE
the strong storm of swords → BATTLE

GKS 2368 4°: 96/16
[2] rekninga: ‘rekuga’ 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
battle
1.2.1.1. shower of swords
Bjarni Frag 2^III
himinn reikar
‘the sky of the hair-parting’ = HEAD
the sky of the hair-parting → HEAD

GKS 2368 4°: 96/16
head
1.1. place of the hair (A1b and A3)
Bjarni Frag 2^III
ýdrótt
‘of bow-troops’ = WARRIORS
bow-troops. → WARRIORS

GKS 2368 4°: 96/16
warrior
. people of the weapon
Anon Morg 1^III
ennileiptr
‘forehead lightning’ = EYE
forehead lightning → EYE

GKS 2368 4°: 97
eye
1.1. light of the head (A1b)
Anon Morg 1^III
unnar eldspǫng
‘the fire-shard of the wave’ = WOMAN
the fire of the wave → GOLD
the shard of the GOLD → WOMAN

GKS 2368 4°: 97
female, woman
1.5. clasp of riches, wealth (B2c)
Anon Morg 1^III
unnar eldr
‘of the fire of the wave’ = GOLD
the fire of the wave → GOLD

GKS 2368 4°: 97
gold
1.1.1.1. fire of the wave (A1)
Ólsv Love 2^III
hǫg hlaðnorn
‘the accomplished norn of the headband’ = WOMAN
The accomplished norn of the headband → WOMAN

GKS 2368 4°: 97
[2] ‑norn: ‘tiorn’ 2368ˣ
female, woman
4.1. female mythical being of the headdress (B2b)
Ólsv Love 2^III
stjarna skógar hvarma
‘with her stars of the forest of eyelids’ = EYES
the forest of eyelids. → EYELASHES
with her stars of EYELASHES → EYES

GKS 2368 4°: 97
[2] stjǫrnum: ‘stiórnu’ 2368ˣ
eye
1.1. light of the head (A1b)
Ólsv Love 2^III
skógr hvarma
‘of the forest of eyelids’ = EYELASHES
the forest of eyelids. → EYELASHES

GKS 2368 4°: 97
eyelashes
1. forest of the eyelid (A1a)
ÚlfrU Húsdr 3^III
innmáni ennis
‘the interior-moon of the forehead’ = EYE
The interior-moon of the forehead → EYE

GKS 2368 4°: 97/7
eye
1.1. light of the head (A1b)
ÚlfrU Húsdr 3^III
ǫndótts vinr banda
‘of the hostile friend of the gods’ = Þórr
the hostile friend of the gods → Þórr

GKS 2368 4°: 97/7
Þórr
3. friend of the gods (C3a)
ÚlfrU Húsdr 3^III
men storðar
‘the necklace of the earth’ = Miðgarðsormr
the necklace of the earth. → Miðgarðsormr

GKS 2368 4°: 97/7
Miðgarðsormr
1. surrounding object of the earth (A1b)
ESk Lv 12^III
in hvíta strind stalls aurriða strandar
‘the white land of the resting-place of the trout of the beach’ = WOMAN
the trout of the beach → SERPENT
the resting-place of the SERPENT → GOLD
The white land of the GOLD → WOMAN

GKS 2368 4°: 98
female, woman
1.3. land, landscape of riches, wealth (B2c)
ESk Lv 12^III
stallr aurriða strandar
‘of the resting-place of the trout of the beach’ = GOLD
the trout of the beach → SERPENT
the resting-place of the SERPENT → GOLD

GKS 2368 4°: 98
gold
3.1.2. lair of the serpent (A3)
ESk Lv 12^III
aurriði strandar
‘of the trout of the beach’ = SERPENT
the trout of the beach → SERPENT

GKS 2368 4°: 98
serpent, snake
1.1. fish or whale of the land (A1b)
ESk Lv 12^III
hausmjǫll
‘the skull’s powder-snow’ = HAIR
the skull’s powder-snow → HAIR

GKS 2368 4°: 98
hair
3. snow of the head (A1a or A1b)
ESk Lv 12^III
fjall svarðar
‘the mountain of the scalp’ = HEAD
the mountain of the scalp. → HEAD

GKS 2368 4°: 98
head
1.2. place of the scalp (A1b and A3)
Rv Lv 7^II
linni brúar ginnungs
‘a snake of the bridge of the hawk’ = ARM-RING
the bridge of the hawk, → ARM
a snake of the ARM → ARM-RING

GKS 2368 4°: 99/17
ring
2. snake, serpent of the limb
Rv Lv 7^II
brú ginnungs
‘of the bridge of the hawk’ = ARM
the bridge of the hawk, → ARM

GKS 2368 4°: 99/17
arm, hand
1.1.3. path of the bird of prey (A3)
Rv Lv 7^II
galgi tangar
‘the gallows of the tongs’ = ARM
the gallows of the tongs; → ARM

GKS 2368 4°: 99/17
arm
3.2. gallows of tongs (A1)
Rv Lv 7^II
sylgr Grímnis hanga
‘the drink of the Grímnir of hanged ones’ = POETRY
the Grímnir of hanged ones. → Óðinn
the drink of ÓÐINN → POETRY

GKS 2368 4°: 99/17
[3] sylg: sylgs R702ˣ, papp10ˣ, 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
poetry
1.1.1. drink of Óðinn
Rv Lv 7^II
Grímnir hanga
‘of the Grímnir of hanged ones’ = Óðinn
the Grímnir of hanged ones. → Óðinn

GKS 2368 4°: 99/17
Óðinn
2.6. god of the hanged (C3b)
Rv Lv 7^II
þella glóraddar Gauta hellis
‘the fir-tree of the gleaming-voice of the Gautar of the cave’ = WOMAN
the Gautar of the cave → GIANTS
the gleaming-voice of GIANTS → GOLD
The fir-tree of the GOLD → WOMAN

GKS 2368 4°: 99/17
female, woman
1.2. tree, wood of riches, wealth (B2c)
Rv Lv 7^II
glórǫdd Gauta hellis
‘of the gleaming-voice of the Gautar of the cave’ = GOLD
the Gautar of the cave → GIANTS
the gleaming-voice of GIANTS → GOLD

GKS 2368 4°: 99/17
gold
8.1. utterance of the giant (A3)
Rv Lv 7^II
Gautar hellis
‘of the Gautar of the cave’ = GIANTS
the Gautar of the cave → GIANTS

GKS 2368 4°: 99/17
giant
1.1.1. man of the cave
Rv Lv 7^II
mínar laut gagfellis lóns
‘my hollows of the backward-bending feller of the lagoon’ = HANDS
the backward-bending feller of the lagoon. → OAR
my hollows of the OAR → HANDS

GKS 2368 4°: 99/17
hand
2.2. land of the oar (A3)
Rv Lv 7^II
gagfellir lóns
‘of the backward-bending feller of the lagoon’ = OAR
the backward-bending feller of the lagoon. → OAR

GKS 2368 4°: 99/17
oar
2.1. killer of the sea
Eil Þdr 19^III
Heiðrekr veggjar Þrasis
‘of the Heiðrekr of the wall of Þrasir’ = GIANT = Geirrøðr
the wall of Þrasir → STONE
the Heiðrekr of the STONE → GIANT = Geirrøðr

GKS 2368 4°: 99/22
giant
1.3. legendary person of the mountains
Eil Þdr 19^III
veggr Þrasis
‘of the wall of Þrasir’ = STONE
the wall of Þrasir → STONE

GKS 2368 4°: 99/22
rock, stone
3.1. dwelling place of the dwarf
Eil Þdr 19^III
fornan fótleggr fletbjarnar
‘the old leg of the bench-bear’ = PILLAR
the bench-bear. → HOUSE
the old leg of the HOUSE → PILLAR

GKS 2368 4°: 99/22
pillar, post
1. leg of the house
Eil Þdr 19^III
fletbjǫrn
‘of the bench-bear’ = HOUSE
the bench-bear. → HOUSE

GKS 2368 4°: 99/22
house
1. animal of house-parts
Eil Þdr 19^III
ítr gulli Ullar
‘the glorious stepfather of Ullr’ = Þórr
The glorious stepfather of Ullr → Þórr

GKS 2368 4°: 99/22
Þórr
2.4. kinsman of Ullr (C4a)
Eil Þdr 19^III
nest meina
‘the provisions of harm’ = PIECE OF IRON
the provisions of harm → PIECE OF IRON

GKS 2368 4°: 99/22
[8] nestum: nestu 2368ˣ
[7] meina: nema 2368ˣ
iron
Eil Þdr 19^III
þrjótr jótrs vegtaugar
‘of the defier of the molar of the way of the fishing-line’ = GIANT
the way of the fishing-line. → SEA
the molar of the SEA → STONE
the defier of the STONE → GIANT

GKS 2368 4°: 99/22
[6] jótrs: jótr W, 2368ˣ
[6] ‑taugar: ‘‑tarigar’ 2368ˣ
giant
1.4. agent of the mountains
Eil Þdr 19^III
jótr vegtaugar
‘of the molar of the way of the fishing-line’ = STONE
the way of the fishing-line. → SEA
the molar of the SEA → STONE

GKS 2368 4°: 99/22
[6] jótrs: jótr W, 2368ˣ
[6] ‑taugar: ‘‑tarigar’ 2368ˣ
rock, stone
2.1.2. tooth of waters
Eil Þdr 19^III
vegrtaugar
‘of the way of the fishing-line’ = SEA
the way of the fishing-line. → SEA

GKS 2368 4°: 99/22
[6] ‑taugar: ‘‑tarigar’ 2368ˣ
sea
7.2. path of the fishing-line
Bjarni Frag 3^III
holmneglða hauðrgjǫrð
‘the island-studded land-girdle’ = SEA
the island-studded land-girdle → SEA

GKS 2368 4°: 101/7
sea
1.1. belt of the land
Snæbj Lv 2^III
máli buðlunga
‘the confidant of rulers’ = RULER
The confidant of rulers → RULER

GKS 2368 4°: 106/1
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
2.4. friend of the ruler
Snæbj Lv 2^III
hlemmisverð stáls
‘the powerful sword of the stern’ = RUDDER
the powerful sword of the stern → RUDDER

GKS 2368 4°: 106/1
rudder
. sword of the ship
Snæbj Lv 2^III
húflangan skær stjórnviðjar
‘the long-hulled horse of the steering-tie’ = SHIP
the long-hulled horse of the steering-tie → SHIP

GKS 2368 4°: 106/1
ship, boat
1.2.1.1. horse of the ship
Arn Þorfdr 4^II
þess morðkennds sessi þengils
‘of that battle-skilled bench-mate of the monarch’ = RULER = Þorfinnr
that battle-skilled bench-mate of the monarch. → RULER = Þorfinnr

GKS 2368 4°: 106/3
[2] ‑kennds: kennd W, 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
2.4. friend of the ruler
KormǪ Sigdr 1^III
sonr sannreynis Haralds
‘May the son of the true friend of Haraldr’ = Sigurðr jarl
the true friend of Haraldr → Hákon Grjótgarðsson
May the son of HÁKON GRJÓTGARÐSSON → Sigurðr jarl

GKS 2368 4°: 106/7
Sigurðr jarl Hákonarson (d. c. 962)
1. son of Hákon jarl Grjótgarðsson
KormǪ Sigdr 1^III
sannreynir Haralds
‘of the true friend of Haraldr’ = Hákon Grjótgarðsson
the true friend of Haraldr → Hákon Grjótgarðsson

GKS 2368 4°: 106/7
Hákon jarl Grjótgarðsson
3. friend of Haraldr hárfagri
KormǪ Sigdr 1^III
mína jastRín aurgreppa Sýrar fentanna
‘my yeast-Rhine of the mud-men of the Sýr of fen-teeth’ = POEM
fen-teeth; → ROCKS
the mud-men of the Sýr of ROCKS → GIANTS
my yeast-Rhine of the mud-men of GIANTESS of GIANTS → POEM

GKS 2368 4°: 106/7
poetry
1.3.1. drink of the giants
KormǪ Sigdr 1^III
aurgreppr Sýr fentǫnn
‘of the mud-men of the Sýr of fen-teeth’ = GIANTS
fen-teeth; → ROCKS
the mud-men of the Sýr of ROCKS → GIANTS

GKS 2368 4°: 106/7
giant
4.3. man of the giantess
KormǪ Sigdr 1^III
Sýr fentanna
‘of the Sýr of fen-teeth’ = GIANTESS
fen-teeth; → ROCKS
the mud-men of the Sýr of ROCKS → GIANTS

GKS 2368 4°: 106/7
giantess, troll-woman
2.1. female being of mountain-environment (B2b and B2c)
KormǪ Sigdr 1^III
fentǫnn
‘of fen-teeth’ = ROCKS
fen-teeth; → ROCKS

GKS 2368 4°: 106/7
rock, stone
1.1.2. tooth of the earth
KormǪ Sigdr 1^III
mína jastRín
‘my yeast-Rhine’ = ALE
my yeast-Rhine → ALE

GKS 2368 4°: 106/7
ale/beer
1. liquid of ale components
Eil Frag 1^III
ramr konungr Róms
‘the strong king of Rome’ = CHRIST
the strong king of Rome → CHRIST

GKS 2368 4°: 106/25
[4] Róms: ‘Róm’ 2368ˣ
Jesus Christ
Arn Hardr 17^II
beinir falls bragna
‘the dealer of warriors’ deaths’ = WARRIOR
the dealer of warriors’ deaths → WARRIOR

GKS 2368 4°: 107
warrior
16.2. advancer of death
Arn Hardr 17^II
snjallan vǫrð Girkja ok Garða
‘the wise guardian of the Greeks and of Russia (Garðar)’ = God
the wise guardian of the Greeks and of Russia (Garðar); → God

GKS 2368 4°: 107
God
Sigv ErfÓl 28^I
gramr Jórðánar
‘the prince of the Jordan’ = CHRIST
The prince of the Jordan → CHRIST

GKS 2368 4°: 107/14
[2] Jórðánar: Jórð́ánar 2368ˣ
Jesus Christ
ÞSjár Frag 2^III
herðandi sverða
‘the strengtheners of swords’ = WARRIORS
The strengtheners of swords → WARRIORS

GKS 2368 4°: 110
warrior
1.7.07. strengthener of the weapon
ÞSjár Frag 2^III
stofn Hlakkar
‘the tree-stump of Hlǫkk’ = WARRIOR
the tree-stump of Hlǫkk → WARRIOR

GKS 2368 4°: 110
warrior
9.1. tree of the valkyrie
ÞjóðA Magnfl 1^II
sonr Ôleifs
‘Óláfr’s son’ = Magnús
Óláfr’s son, → Magnús

GKS 2368 4°: 110
Magnús I inn góði Óláfsson (r. 1035-47)
1.1. son of Óláfr Haraldsson
Ásgr Lv 1^III
fornbauga heslis hyrdraugr
‘fire-trees of the hazel-tree of ancient rings’ = MEN
the hazel-tree of ancient rings → ARM
the fire of the ARM → GOLD
Trees of the GOLD → MEN

GKS 2368 4°: 111/24
[2] hyr‑: her‑ all
male, man
1.1. tree of gold
Ásgr Lv 1^III
fornbauga heslis hyrr
‘of the fire of the hazel-tree of ancient rings’ = GOLD
the hazel-tree of ancient rings → ARM
the fire of the ARM → GOLD

GKS 2368 4°: 111/24
[2] hyr‑: her‑ all
gold
2.1.1. fire of the arm/hand (A1)
Ásgr Lv 1^III
fornbauga hesli
‘of the hazel-tree of ancient rings’ = ARM
the hazel-tree of ancient rings → ARM

GKS 2368 4°: 111/24
arm
3.3. tree of the ring (A1)
Ásgr Lv 1^III
sœki-Njǫrðr láðs sverða
‘from attack-Nirðir of the land of swords’ = WARRIORS
the land of swords → SHIELD
from attack-Nirðir of the SHIELD → WARRIORS

GKS 2368 4°: 111/24
warrior
1.7.02.1. attacker of the weapon
Ásgr Lv 1^III
láð sverða
‘of the land of swords’ = SHIELD
the land of swords → SHIELD

GKS 2368 4°: 111/24
shield
5.1.1.2. land of the sword
Arn Hryn 16^II
ótti fengins golls
‘terror of seized gold’ = GENEROUS MAN
Terror of seized gold, → GENEROUS MAN

GKS 2368 4°: 112
generous man
5. terror of gold
Arn Hryn 16^II
elgr œðiveðrs
‘elks of the raging gale’ = SHIPS
elks of the raging gale → SHIPS

GKS 2368 4°: 112
ship, boat
1.4.3. wild animal of the storm
Arn Hryn 6^II
fiðrirjóðr môs Yggjar
‘feather-reddener of the gull of Yggr’ = WARRIOR
the gull of Yggr, → RAVEN
Feather-reddener of the RAVEN → WARRIOR

GKS 2368 4°: 112
[2] môs: ‘märs’ papp10ˣ, 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
warrior
3.1.03. stainer of the bird of battlefield
Arn Hryn 6^II
már Yggjar
‘of the gull of Yggr’ = RAVEN
the gull of Yggr, → RAVEN

GKS 2368 4°: 112
[2] môs: ‘märs’ papp10ˣ, 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
raven
1.1. bird of Óðinn (A2)
Arn Hryn 6^II
fœðir blágamms kolgu benja
‘feeder of the dark vulture of the surf of wounds’ = WARRIOR
the surf of wounds, → BLOOD
the dark vulture of the BLOOD → RAVEN
feeder of the RAVEN → WARRIOR

GKS 2368 4°: 112
warrior
3.1.01. feeder of the bird of battlefield
Arn Hryn 6^II
blágammr kolgu benja
‘of the dark vulture of the surf of wounds’ = RAVEN
the surf of wounds, → BLOOD
the dark vulture of the BLOOD → RAVEN

GKS 2368 4°: 112
raven
1.2. (black or dark) bird of the battlefield (A2)
Arn Hryn 6^II
kolga benja
‘of the surf of wounds’ = BLOOD
the surf of wounds, → BLOOD

GKS 2368 4°: 112
blood
1.1. liquid of wounds (A2)
Rv Lv 33^III
ǫðrum ulfbrynnandi
‘other wolf-waterers’ = WARRIORS
other wolf-waterers → WARRIORS

GKS 2368 4°: 112
[2] ‑brynnǫndum: ‑brynjuðum papp10ˣ, 1494ˣ, 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
warrior
3.2.4. waterer of the wolf
Rv Lv 33^III
blíðan hilmir heiðs háranns
‘the gracious ruler of the bright high hall’ = God
the bright high hall. → SKY/HEAVEN
the gracious ruler of the SKY/HEAVEN → God

GKS 2368 4°: 112
[3] hilmi: hjalms 2368ˣ
God
1.1. lord of heaven
Rv Lv 33^III
heiðs hárann
‘of the bright high hall’ = SKY/HEAVEN
the bright high hall. → SKY/HEAVEN

GKS 2368 4°: 112
heaven (Christian)
Sturl Frag 1^III
alfr lindar
‘of the shield’s elf’ = WARRIOR
the shield’s elf → WARRIOR

GKS 2368 4°: 112/28
warrior
1.4.2. elf of the weapon
Anon (LaufE) 6^III
orðvísa Áss járnraddar
‘the word-wise æsir of the iron-voice’ = WARRIORS
the iron-voice → BATTLE
the word-wise Æsir of the BATTLE → WARRIORS

GKS 2368 4°: 113/2
warrior
2.3.1. god of battle
Anon (LaufE) 6^III
járnrǫdd
‘of the iron-voice’ = BATTLE
the iron-voice → BATTLE

GKS 2368 4°: 113/2
battle
6.03. voice of weapons
Eskál Vell 7^I
sverrifjarðar sverða svanglýjaðr
‘the delighter of the swan of the seething fjord of swords’ = WARRIOR
the seething fjord of swords [into joining] → BLOOD
the swan of the BLOOD → RAVEN/EAGLE
the delighter of the RAVEN/EAGLE → WARRIOR

GKS 2368 4°: 113/3
warrior
3.1.01. feeder of the bird of battlefield
Eskál Vell 7^I
sverrifjarðar sverða svanr
‘of the swan of the seething fjord of swords’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
the seething fjord of swords [into joining] → BLOOD
the swan of the BLOOD → RAVEN/EAGLE

GKS 2368 4°: 113/3
raven/eagle
1.2. bird of blood (A2)
Eskál Vell 7^I
sverrifjǫrðr sverða
‘of the seething fjord of swords’ = BLOOD
the seething fjord of swords [into joining] → BLOOD

GKS 2368 4°: 113/3
blood
1.2. liquid of the weapon (A2)
Eskál Vell 7^I
ofbyrr ǫrva
‘the strong wind of arrows’ = BATTLE
the strong wind of arrows → BATTLE

GKS 2368 4°: 113/3
battle
1.1.1.4. storm/wind of arrows
Eskál Vell 7^I
drífa vífs odda
‘the snow-storm of the woman of weapon-points’ = BATTLE
the woman of weapon-points. → VALKYRIE
the snow-storm of the VALKYRIE → BATTLE

GKS 2368 4°: 113/3
battle
1.2.4. shower of the valkyrie
Eskál Vell 7^I
víf odda
‘of the woman of weapon-points’ = VALKYRIE
the woman of weapon-points. → VALKYRIE

GKS 2368 4°: 113/3
valkyrie
1.2. woman of weapons and armour (B2b)
Eskál Vell 7^I
hjǫrs brak-Rǫgnir
‘noise-Rǫgnir of the sword’ = WARRIOR
the noise of the sword → BATTLE
The Rǫgnir of the BATTLE → WARRIOR

GKS 2368 4°: 113/3
[5] ‑Rǫgnir: ‑tognir 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
warrior
2.3.1.1. Óðinn of battle
Eskál Vell 7^I
hjǫrs brak
‘of the noise of the sword’ = BATTLE
the noise of the sword → BATTLE

GKS 2368 4°: 113/3
battle
2.1.1. din of swords
Eskál Vell 7^I
hagl bogna
‘the hail of bows’ = ARROWS
the hail of bows → ARROWS

GKS 2368 4°: 113/3
arrow
1.1. shower of the bow
Eskál Vell 7^I
segl Hlakkar
‘the sail of Hlǫkk’ = SHIELD
the sail of Hlǫkk; → SHIELD

GKS 2368 4°: 113/3
shield
12.1. sail of the valkyrie
Eskál Vell 7^I
óþyrmir varga
‘the crusher of outlaws’ = RULER
the crusher of outlaws → RULER

GKS 2368 4°: 113/3
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
4.1. destroyer of evildoers
ÚlfrU Húsdr 4^III
fránleitr stirðþinull storðar
‘the flashing-eyed stiff cord of the earth’ = Miðgarðsormr
the flashing-eyed stiff cord of the earth → Miðgarðsormr

GKS 2368 4°: 113/10
[4] frán‑: fram‑ 2368ˣ
Miðgarðsormr
1. surrounding object of the earth (A1b)
ÚlfrU Húsdr 4^III
reynir folka leggs fróns
‘the tester of the peoples of the bone of the earth’ = Þórr
the bone of the earth → ROCK
the peoples of the ROCK → GIANTS
the tester of GIANTS → Þórr

GKS 2368 4°: 113/10
Þórr
1. enemy of the giant-race (C1a/C3a)
ÚlfrU Húsdr 4^III
folk leggs fróns
‘of the peoples of the bone of the earth’ = GIANTS
the bone of the earth → ROCK
the peoples of the ROCK → GIANTS

GKS 2368 4°: 113/10
giant
1.1. man of the mountains
ÚlfrU Húsdr 4^III
leggr fróns
‘of the bone of the earth’ = ROCK
the bone of the earth → ROCK

GKS 2368 4°: 113/10
rock, stone
1.1.1. bone of the earth
Anon GnóðÁsm 1^III
tyggi grefja
‘the prince of hoes’ = FARMER
the prince of hoes; → FARMER

GKS 2368 4°: 113/18
farmer
1. lord of the hoe
Ólsv Hákdr 2^III
herrekkir
‘war-promoter’ = WARRIOR
War-promoter, → WARRIOR

GKS 2368 4°: 113/23
warrior
4.3.2. emboldener of the army
Ólsv Hákdr 2^III
hreinstolpi hjálpar
‘of the pure pillar of help’ = S. Óláfr
the pure pillar of help; → S. Óláfr

GKS 2368 4°: 113/23
Óláfr II inn helgi Haraldsson (r. c. 1015-1030)
3.5. pillar of salvation
Anon (SnE) 4^III
hlynr svella handar
‘maple of ice-sheets of the hand’ = MAN
ice-sheets of the hand!’ → SILVER
maple of the SILVER → MAN

GKS 2368 4°: 114
male, man
1.4. tree of silver
Anon (SnE) 4^III
svell handar
‘of ice-sheets of the hand’ = SILVER
ice-sheets of the hand!’ → SILVER

GKS 2368 4°: 114
silver
1.1. ice of the arm/hand
Arn Magndr 12^II
inn víða frægi vargteitir
‘the widely famed wolf-cheerer’ = WARRIOR
the widely famed wolf-cheerer → WARRIOR

GKS 2368 4°: 114
warrior
3.2.2. gladdener of the wolf
Arn Magndr 12^II
marga elgr vágs
‘many elks of the wave’ = SHIPS
many elks of the wave. → SHIPS

GKS 2368 4°: 114
ship, boat
1.1.2. wild animal of the sea
Arn Magndr 12^II
reggbúss
‘the ship-tree’ = SEAFARER
the ship-tree → SEAFARER

GKS 2368 4°: 114
seafarer
1.2. tree of the ship
Arn Magndr 12^II
regn rýgjar rógskýja
‘the rain of the troll-woman of strife-clouds’ = BATTLE
strife-clouds → SHIELDS
the troll-woman of SHIELDS → AXE
the rain of the AXE → BATTLE

GKS 2368 4°: 114
[7] rýgjar: ‘rygia’ R, Tˣ, W, C, 2368ˣ
[7] róg‑: so 39, F, E, H, Hr, R, Tˣ, W, U, A, C, 2368ˣ
battle
1.2.1.6. shower of the axe
Arn Magndr 12^II
rýgr rógskýja
‘of the troll-woman of strife-clouds’ = AXE
strife-clouds → SHIELDS
the troll-woman of SHIELDS → AXE

GKS 2368 4°: 114
[7] rýgjar: ‘rygia’ R, Tˣ, W, C, 2368ˣ
[7] róg‑: so 39, F, E, H, Hr, R, Tˣ, W, U, A, C, 2368ˣ
axe
1.1. female mythical being of the shield
Arn Magndr 12^II
rógský
‘of strife-clouds’ = SHIELDS
strife-clouds → SHIELDS

GKS 2368 4°: 114
[7] róg‑: so 39, F, E, H, Hr, R, Tˣ, W, U, A, C, 2368ˣ
shield
2.1.5. cloud of strife
Ólsv Kristdr 1^III
alla sonr jarðar
‘all the sons of the earth’ = HUMANS
all the sons of the earth. → HUMANS

GKS 2368 4°: 114
mankind, people
4. sons of the earth
Ólsv Kristdr 2^III
sterkr tryggvinr engla
‘powerful faithful friend of angels’ = God
Powerful faithful friend of angels, → God

GKS 2368 4°: 114
[1] ‑vinr: ‘‑umur’ 2368ˣ
God
. friend of angels
KormǪ Sigdr 2^III
meiðr morðteins
‘the tree of the battle-twig’ = WARRIOR
the battle-twig → SWORD
The tree of the SWORD → WARRIOR

GKS 2368 4°: 114/10
[2] ‑teins: ‑reins all
warrior
1.1.1. tree of the sword
KormǪ Sigdr 2^III
morðteinn
‘of the battle-twig’ = SWORD
the battle-twig → SWORD

GKS 2368 4°: 114/10
[2] ‑teins: ‑reins all
sword
4.1.05. rod/twig of battle
KormǪ Sigdr 2^III
dynr fleina
‘the din of spears’ = BATTLE
the din of spears; → BATTLE

GKS 2368 4°: 114/10
battle
2.1. din of weapons
Refr Frag 1^III
gjǫfrífr askr drífu Hôars
‘the gift-rash ash-tree of the snow-storm of Hárr’ = WARRIOR
the snow-storm of Hárr → BATTLE
The gift-rash ash-tree of the BATTLE → WARRIOR

GKS 2368 4°: 114/20
warrior
2.1. tree of battle
Refr Frag 1^III
drífa Hôars
‘of the snow-storm of Hárr’ = BATTLE
the snow-storm of Hárr → BATTLE

GKS 2368 4°: 114/20
battle
1.2.3. shower of Óðinn
Refr Frag 1^III
ǫs-Freyr
‘the tumult-Freyr’ = WARRIOR
the tumult-Freyr → WARRIOR

GKS 2368 4°: 114/20
[4] ǫs‑ (‘as‑’): so W, 2368ˣ
warrior
2.3.2. god of the tumult
Refr Þorst 2^III
ægir ógnstǫðvar bǫðgœðir
‘the ocean of the terror-place of the battle-promoter’ = POEM
the battle-promoter; → Óðinn
the ocean of the terror-place of ÓÐINN → POEM

GKS 2368 4°: 114/23
[1] ‑gœðis: ‑gœði W, A, 2368ˣ
poetry
1.1.2. liquid of Óðinn
Refr Þorst 2^III
ógnstǫð
‘of the terror-place’ = BREAST
the terror-place → BREAST

GKS 2368 4°: 114/23
breast, chest
1.1. place of the mind and emotions (A3)
Refr Þorst 2^III
bǫrr hjǫrva
‘the tree of swords’ = WARRIOR
the tree of swords [I] → WARRIOR

GKS 2368 4°: 114/23
[2] hjǫrva: ‘hiórna’ 2368ˣ
warrior
1.1.1. tree of the sword
Refr Þorst 2^III
bǫðgœðir
‘of the battle-promoter’ = Óðinn
the battle-promoter; → Óðinn

GKS 2368 4°: 114/23
[1] ‑gœðis: ‑gœði W, A, 2368ˣ
Óðinn
8.1.1. strengthener of battle
Arn Magndr 17^II
ungr þorn auðar
‘the young thorn-tree of treasure’ = MAN
The young thorn-tree of treasure → MAN

GKS 2368 4°: 115
male, man
1.2. tree of wealth
Arn Magndr 17^II
grennir ara
‘the feeder of the eagle’ = WARRIOR
the feeder of the eagle → WARRIOR

GKS 2368 4°: 115
warrior
3.1.01. feeder of the bird of battlefield
Anon Stríðk 1^III
in prúða Þrúðr þægra hnossa
‘beautiful Þrúðr of delightful ornaments’ = WOMAN
Beautiful Þrúðr of delightful ornaments, → WOMAN

GKS 2368 4°: 116/1
female, woman
1.1.1. goddess of riches, wealth (B2b)
Anon Stríðk 1^III
hráki Gleipnis tuggu
‘the spittle of Gleipnir’s mouthful’ = Ván (ván ‘hope’)
Gleipnir’s mouthful → Fenrir
the spittle of FENRIR → Ván (ván ‘hope’)

GKS 2368 4°: 116/1
Ván (ván ‘hope’)
1. spittle of Fenrir
Anon Stríðk 1^III
Gleipnis tugga
‘of Gleipnir’s mouthful’ = Fenrir
Gleipnir’s mouthful → Fenrir

GKS 2368 4°: 116/1
Fenrir
3. food of Gleipnir (A3)
Anon Stríðk 1^III
nýtir ýtandi jarðar urðhœings
‘capable givers of the earth of the stone-heap salmon’ = GENEROUS MEN
the stone-heap salmon → SERPENT
the earth of the SERPENT → GOLD
capable givers of the GOLD → GENEROUS MEN

GKS 2368 4°: 116/1
[5] urðhœings: ‘vr hængz’ 2368ˣ
generous man
2.6.1. launcher of gold
Anon Stríðk 1^III
jǫrð urðhœings
‘of the earth of the stone-heap salmon’ = GOLD
the stone-heap salmon → SERPENT
the earth of the SERPENT → GOLD

GKS 2368 4°: 116/1
[5] urðhœings: ‘vr hængz’ 2368ˣ
gold
3.1.1. land of the serpent (A3)
Anon Stríðk 1^III
urðhœingr
‘of the stone-heap salmon’ = SERPENT
the stone-heap salmon → SERPENT

GKS 2368 4°: 116/1
[5] urðhœings: ‘vr hængz’ 2368ˣ
serpent, snake
1.1. fish or whale of the land (A1b)
Anon Stríðk 1^III
Gefn ins gjalla svells greipar
‘the Gefn of the ringing ice of the hand’ = WOMAN
the ringing ice of the hand → SILVER
the Gefn of the SILVER → WOMAN

GKS 2368 4°: 116/1
female, woman
1.1.1. goddess of riches, wealth (B2b)
Anon Stríðk 1^III
ins gjalla svell greipar
‘of the ringing ice of the hand’ = SILVER
the ringing ice of the hand → SILVER

GKS 2368 4°: 116/1
silver
1.1. ice of the arm/hand
Anon Stríðk 1^III
stríð-keri
‘a grief-prick’ = WIDOW
a grief-prick → WIDOW

GKS 2368 4°: 116/1
widow
1. prick of grief (B2c)
Bjarni Frag 5^III
Lofn landrifs
‘the Lofn of the land-rib’ = WOMAN
the land-rib → STONE
the Lofn of the STONE → WOMAN

GKS 2368 4°: 116/26
female, woman
2.1.1. goddess of jewellery (B2b)
Bjarni Frag 5^III
landrif
‘of the land-rib’ = STONE
the land-rib → STONE

GKS 2368 4°: 116/26
rock, stone
1.1.1. bone of the earth
Bjarni Frag 5^III
liðhraustan stýrir lagdýrs
‘the troop-bold commander of the sea-beast’ = SEAFARER
the sea-beast, → SHIP
the troop-bold commander of the SHIP → SEAFARER

GKS 2368 4°: 116/26
seafarer
1.1.01.1. steerer of the ship
Bjarni Frag 5^III
lagdýr
‘of the sea-beast’ = SHIP
the sea-beast, → SHIP

GKS 2368 4°: 116/26
ship, boat
1.1.2. wild animal of the sea
Anon (LaufE) 1^III
stórvænn línapaldr
‘the mightily fair linen-apple-tree’ = WOMAN
the mightily fair linen-apple-tree → WOMAN

GKS 2368 4°: 117
female, woman
5.3. tree, wood of cloth (B2c)
Anon (LaufE) 1^III
Lofn lauka
‘the Lofn of leeks’ = WOMAN
the Lofn of leeks → WOMAN

GKS 2368 4°: 117
female, woman
10.1. goddess of leek (B2b)
Anon (LaufE) 1^III
kennir styrjar
‘on the master of battle’ = WARRIOR
on the master of battle. → WARRIOR

GKS 2368 4°: 117
warrior
2.5.6. master of battle
Anon (LaufE) 3^III
sigrunnit serkland
‘the conquered shirt-land’ = WOMAN
The conquered shirt-land → WOMAN

GKS 2368 4°: 117
[2] serkland: ‘serckand’ 2368ˣ
female, woman
5.4. land, landscape of cloth (B2c)
Anon (LaufE) 3^III
samland serkjar
‘the fellow-land of the shirt’ = WOMAN
the fellow-land of the shirt → WOMAN

GKS 2368 4°: 117
female, woman
5.4. land, landscape of cloth (B2c)
Anon (LaufE) 2^III
spíra hringa
‘of the sapling of rings’ = WOMAN
the sapling of rings → WOMAN

GKS 2368 4°: 117
female, woman
2.2. tree, wood of jewellery (B2c)
Anon (LaufE) 4^III
lofðungr lauks
‘the lord of the leek’ = WOMAN
The lord of the leek → WOMAN

GKS 2368 4°: 117
female, woman
10.4. ruler of leek (B2a)
Anon (LaufE) 4^III
land hauka
‘the land of hawks’ = ARM
the land of hawks → ARM

GKS 2368 4°: 117
arm, hand
1.1.1. land of the bird of prey (A3)
Anon (LaufE) 4^III
brandr máferils
‘with fires of the seagull-track’ = GOLD
the seagull-track; → SEA
with fires of the SEA → GOLD

GKS 2368 4°: 117
[1] brǫndum: rǫndum all
gold
1.1.1. fire of the sea (A1)
Anon (LaufE) 4^III
máferill
‘of the seagull-track’ = SEA
the seagull-track; → SEA

GKS 2368 4°: 117
sea
6.2. path of the aquatic bird
Anon (LaufE) 4^III
hilmir hvítinga
‘the ruler of drinking-horns’ = WOMAN
the ruler of drinking-horns → WOMAN

GKS 2368 4°: 117
female, woman
7.3. ruler of drinking vessel (B2a)
Rv Lv 34^III
sjúkri Njǫrun síka eyfitja
‘the sick Njǫrun of the fishes of the island-meadows’ = WOMAN
the fishes of the island-meadows – → SERPENTS
the sick Njǫrun of SERPENTS → WOMAN

GKS 2368 4°: 118
female, woman
2.1.1. goddess of jewellery (B2b)
Rv Lv 34^III
síkr eyfitja
‘of the fishes of the island-meadows’ = SERPENTS
the fishes of the island-meadows – → SERPENTS

GKS 2368 4°: 118
serpent, snake
1.1. fish or whale of the land (A1b)
Rv Lv 34^III
in mæra menbrík
‘the excellent neck-ring-table’ = WOMAN
the excellent neck-ring-table → WOMAN

GKS 2368 4°: 118
female, woman
2.2. tree, wood of jewellery (B2c)
Rv Lv 34^III
mínu hauðr heiðis
‘my land of the hawk’ = ARM/HAND
my land of the hawk; → ARM/HAND

GKS 2368 4°: 118
[5] heiðis: ‘herder’ 2368ˣ
arm, hand
1.1.1. land of the bird of prey (A3)
Rv Lv 35^III
óðflýtir
‘the poem-conveyer’ = POET
the poem-conveyer → POET

GKS 2368 4°: 118
poet
2.12. quick creator of poetry
Rv Lv 35^III
dýr fiskifœra
‘the animal of fishing-gear [= (taumar ‘reins’)]’ = HORSE
the animal of fishing-gear [= (taumar ‘reins’)] → HORSE

GKS 2368 4°: 118
[3] fiski‑: fiska 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
horse
2.1. animal of horse gear (A2)
Anon (LaufE) 5^III
óþokkaðr ostmýgir
‘the disliked oppressor of cheese’ = MAN
the disliked oppressor of cheese → MAN

GKS 2368 4°: 119
male, man
. invective/derogatory
Anon (LaufE) 5^III
brauðgýgr
‘the ogress of bread’ = WOMAN
the ogress of bread; → WOMAN

GKS 2368 4°: 119
[2] brauð‑: ‘brod’ 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
female, woman
11.1. giantess of food (B2b)
Anon (LaufE) 5^III
bjúgr saupstríðir
‘the bent tormentor of buttermilk’ = MAN
the bent tormentor of buttermilk → MAN

GKS 2368 4°: 119
[3] bjúgr: bjúgt all
male, man
. invective/derogatory
Anon (LaufE) 5^III
saurga flot-Gríðr
‘the filthy Gríðr of fat’ = WOMAN
the filthy Gríðr of fat. → WOMAN

GKS 2368 4°: 119
female, woman
11.1. giantess of food (B2b)
Ormr Woman 4^III
skorða fjarðbeins
‘the prop of the fjord-bone’ = WOMAN
the fjord-bone → STONE
The prop of the STONE → WOMAN

GKS 2368 4°: 119
female, woman
2.2. tree, wood of jewellery (B2c)
Ormr Woman 4^III
fjarðbein
‘of the fjord-bone’ = STONE
the fjord-bone → STONE

GKS 2368 4°: 119
rock, stone
2.1.1. bone of waters
Ormr Woman 4^III
nadd-Freyr
‘the spear-Freyr’ = WARRIOR
the spear-Freyr → WARRIOR

GKS 2368 4°: 119
warrior
1.4.1.05. Freyr of the weapon
Ormr Woman 4^III
Hrist mjaðar
‘the Hrist of mead’ = WOMAN
the Hrist of mead. → WOMAN

GKS 2368 4°: 119
female, woman
6.1. female mythical being of drink (B2b)
Ormr Woman 2^III
bjǫrk hols hrynbáls hramma
‘of the birch of the hollow ringing fire of hands’ = WOMAN
the hollow ringing fire of hands → RING
the birch of the RING → WOMAN

GKS 2368 4°: 119
female, woman
2.2. tree, wood of jewellery (B2c)
Ormr Woman 2^III
hols hrynbál hramma
‘of the hollow ringing fire of hands’ = RING
the hollow ringing fire of hands → RING

GKS 2368 4°: 119
ring
3. fire of the limb
Ormr Woman 2^III
full burar Billings
‘the cup of the son of Billingr’ = POEM
the son of Billingr, → DWARF
the cup of the DWARF → POEM

GKS 2368 4°: 119
poetry
1.2.1. drink of the dwarfs
Ormr Woman 2^III
burr Billings
‘of the son of Billingr’ = DWARF
the son of Billingr, → DWARF

GKS 2368 4°: 119
dwarf
1. relative of the dwarf
HSt Frag 3^III
Víðblinda galtar salts svalteigar rafkastandi
‘amber-thrower of the salty, cool meadow of the boar of Víðblindi’ = GENEROUS MAN
the boar of Víð blindi → WHALE
the salty, cool meadow of the WHALE → SEA
the amber of the SEA → GOLD
The thrower of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

GKS 2368 4°: 119/1
generous man
2.3.1. flinger of gold
HSt Frag 3^III
Víðblinda galtar salts svalteigar raf
‘of the amber of the salty, cool meadow of the boar of Víðblindi’ = GOLD
the boar of Víð blindi → WHALE
the salty, cool meadow of the WHALE → SEA
the amber of the SEA → GOLD

GKS 2368 4°: 119/1
gold
1.5. amber of waters (A1)
HSt Frag 3^III
Víðblinda galtar salts svalteigr
‘of the salty, cool meadow of the boar of Víðblindi’ = SEA
the boar of Víð blindi → WHALE
the salty, cool meadow of the WHALE → SEA

GKS 2368 4°: 119/1
sea
3.1. land of the aquatic animal
HSt Frag 3^III
Víðblinda galti
‘of the boar of Víðblindi’ = WHALE
the boar of Víð blindi → WHALE

GKS 2368 4°: 119/1
whale
1. pig of Víðblindi (A3)
HSt Frag 3^III
selja rastar reyrþvengs
‘the willow of the path of the reed-thong’ = WOMAN
the reed-thong. → SNAKE
the path of the SNAKE → GOLD
the willow of the GOLD → WOMAN

GKS 2368 4°: 119/1
female, woman
1.2. tree, wood of riches, wealth (B2c)
HSt Frag 3^III
rǫst reyrþvengs
‘of the path of the reed-thong’ = GOLD
the reed-thong. → SNAKE
the path of the SNAKE → GOLD

GKS 2368 4°: 119/1
gold
3.1.3. path of the serpent (A3)
HSt Frag 3^III
reyrþvengr
‘of the reed-thong’ = SNAKE
the reed-thong. → SNAKE

GKS 2368 4°: 119/1
serpent, snake
2.2. rope- or strap-like object of the land (A1b)
Styrkárr Frag 1^III
vagn hlunns
‘the launcher’s wagons’ = SHIPS
the launcher’s wagons → SHIPS

GKS 2368 4°: 120
ship, boat
4.2. chariot of the ship
Styrkárr Frag 1^III
fǫnn Heita
‘the snowdrifts of Heiti’ = WAVES
the snowdrifts of Heiti → WAVES

GKS 2368 4°: 120
[3] Heita: heiða R, Tˣ, W, 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
wave
2.1. snow-drift of the sea-king
Styrkárr Frag 1^III
ítrum støkkvir hyrjar flóðs
‘the excellent scatterer of the flood’s fire’ = GENEROUS MAN
the flood’s fire. → GOLD
the excellent scatterer of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

GKS 2368 4°: 120
[1] støkkvi: so W, U, A, 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
generous man
2.1.1. distributor of gold
Styrkárr Frag 1^III
hyrr flóðs
‘of the flood’s fire’ = GOLD
the flood’s fire. → GOLD

GKS 2368 4°: 120
gold
1.1.1.2. fire of the flood (A1)
ESk Frag 4^III
segl Hildar
‘Hildr’s sail’ = SHIELD
Hildr’s sail → SHIELD

GKS 2368 4°: 121
shield
12.1. sail of the valkyrie
ESk Frag 4^III
mestum glymvindr Gǫndlar
‘the strongest roaring wind of Gǫndul’ = BATTLE
the strongest roaring wind of Gǫndul → BATTLE

GKS 2368 4°: 121
[2] mestum: mestan A, 2368ˣ
[1] Gǫndlar: gǫndla R, W, 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
battle
1.1.3. storm/wind of the valkyrie
ESk Frag 4^III
hagl strengjar
‘hail of the bow-string’ = ARROWS
hail of the bow-string → ARROWS

GKS 2368 4°: 121
arrow
1.1. shower of the bow
Þhorn Gldr 5^I
hregg geira
‘a storm of spears’ = BATTLE
a storm of spears → BATTLE

GKS 2368 4°: 121/19
battle
1.1.1.3. storm/wind of spears
Þhorn Gldr 5^I
bryngagl
‘mail-shirt-goslings’ = ARROWS
mail-shirt-goslings → ARROWS

GKS 2368 4°: 121/19
arrow, spear
4.1. birds of the mail-coat
Þhorn Gldr 5^I
dynr Skǫglar
‘the din of Skǫgul’ = BATTLE
the din of Skǫgul; → BATTLE

GKS 2368 4°: 121/19
battle
2.3. din of the valkyrie
Þhorn Gldr 5^I
egglituðr
‘the blade-stainer’ = WARRIOR = Haraldr
the blade-stainer → WARRIOR = Haraldr

GKS 2368 4°: 121/19
warrior
1.7.03. stainer of the weapon
ESk Øxfl 10^III
brá Gríðar fjǫrnis
‘the eyelash of the Gríðr of the helmet’ = AXE-BLADE
the Gríðr of the helmet, → AXE
the eyelash of the AXE → AXE-BLADE

GKS 2368 4°: 122
[3] fjǫrnis: ‘fiórinz’ 2368ˣ
axe-blade
. eyelash of the axe
ESk Øxfl 10^III
Gríðr fjǫrnis
‘of the Gríðr of the helmet’ = AXE
the Gríðr of the helmet, → AXE

GKS 2368 4°: 122
[3] fjǫrnis: ‘fiórinz’ 2368ˣ
axe
1.2. female mythical being of the helmet
ESk Øxfl 10^III
Ræfils foldviggs ríðandi
‘riders of Ræfill’s land-horse’ = SEAFARERS
Ræfill’s land. → SEA
the horse of the SEA → SHIP
riders of the SHIP → SEAFARERS

GKS 2368 4°: 122
[4] ‑viggs: so W, U, A, 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
seafarer
1.1.01.3. rider of the ship
ESk Øxfl 10^III
Ræfils foldvigg
‘of the horse of Ræfill’s land’ = SHIP
Ræfill’s land. → SEA
the horse of the SEA → SHIP

GKS 2368 4°: 122
[4] ‑viggs: so W, U, A, 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
ship, boat
1.1.1.1. horse of the sea
ESk Øxfl 10^III
Ræfils fold
‘of Ræfill’s land’ = SEA
Ræfill’s land. → SEA

GKS 2368 4°: 122
sea
2.1. land of the sea-king
Eskál Vell 7^I
sverrifjarðar sverða svanglýjaðr
‘the delighter of the swan of the seething fjord of swords’ = WARRIOR
the seething fjord of swords [into joining] → BLOOD
the swan of the BLOOD → RAVEN/EAGLE
the delighter of the RAVEN/EAGLE → WARRIOR

GKS 2368 4°: 123/16
warrior
3.1.01. feeder of the bird of battlefield
Eskál Vell 7^I
sverrifjarðar sverða svanr
‘of the swan of the seething fjord of swords’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
the seething fjord of swords [into joining] → BLOOD
the swan of the BLOOD → RAVEN/EAGLE

GKS 2368 4°: 123/16
raven/eagle
1.2. bird of blood (A2)
Eskál Vell 7^I
sverrifjǫrðr sverða
‘of the seething fjord of swords’ = BLOOD
the seething fjord of swords [into joining] → BLOOD

GKS 2368 4°: 123/16
blood
1.2. liquid of the weapon (A2)
Eskál Vell 7^I
ofbyrr ǫrva
‘the strong wind of arrows’ = BATTLE
the strong wind of arrows → BATTLE

GKS 2368 4°: 123/16
battle
1.1.1.4. storm/wind of arrows
Eskál Vell 7^I
drífa vífs odda
‘the snow-storm of the woman of weapon-points’ = BATTLE
the woman of weapon-points. → VALKYRIE
the snow-storm of the VALKYRIE → BATTLE

GKS 2368 4°: 123/16
battle
1.2.4. shower of the valkyrie
Eskál Vell 7^I
víf odda
‘of the woman of weapon-points’ = VALKYRIE
the woman of weapon-points. → VALKYRIE

GKS 2368 4°: 123/16
valkyrie
1.2. woman of weapons and armour (B2b)
Eskál Vell 7^I
hjǫrs brak-Rǫgnir
‘noise-Rǫgnir of the sword’ = WARRIOR
the noise of the sword → BATTLE
The Rǫgnir of the BATTLE → WARRIOR

GKS 2368 4°: 123/16
warrior
2.3.1.1. Óðinn of battle
Eskál Vell 7^I
hjǫrs brak
‘of the noise of the sword’ = BATTLE
the noise of the sword → BATTLE

GKS 2368 4°: 123/16
battle
2.1.1. din of swords
Eskál Vell 7^I
hagl bogna
‘the hail of bows’ = ARROWS
the hail of bows → ARROWS

GKS 2368 4°: 123/16
arrow
1.1. shower of the bow
Eskál Vell 7^I
segl Hlakkar
‘the sail of Hlǫkk’ = SHIELD
the sail of Hlǫkk; → SHIELD

GKS 2368 4°: 123/16
shield
12.1. sail of the valkyrie
Eskál Vell 7^I
óþyrmir varga
‘the crusher of outlaws’ = RULER
the crusher of outlaws → RULER

GKS 2368 4°: 123/16
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
4.1. destroyer of evildoers
ESk Lv 13^III
mœnir hofs moldar
‘the roof-ridge of the temple of the ground’ = ZENITH
the temple of the ground → SKY
the roof-ridge of the SKY → ZENITH

GKS 2368 4°: 124
[1] mœni: mœðu all
zenith
. roof-ridge of the sky
ESk Lv 13^III
hóf moldar
‘of the temple of the ground’ = SKY
the temple of the ground → SKY

GKS 2368 4°: 124
sky/heaven
1.3. house of the land
ESk Lv 13^III
prýðir fróns
‘the adorner of the earth’ = SUN
the adorner of the earth → SUN

GKS 2368 4°: 124
sun
4. adorner of the earth
ESk Frag 11^III
holmfjǫturr
‘the island-fetter’ = SEA
The island-fetter → SEA

GKS 2368 4°: 126
[3] holm‑: so W, 744ˣ, 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
sea
1.2. band/fetter of the land
ESk Frag 11^III
hrafn gráns Heita
‘the horse of the hostile Heiti’ = SHIP
the horse of the hostile Heiti; → SHIP

GKS 2368 4°: 126
ship, boat
1.3.1.1. horse of the sea-king
ESk Frag 9^III
blakkr strindar svana
‘the steed of the land of swans’ = SHIP
the land of swans → SEA
the steed of the SEA → SHIP

GKS 2368 4°: 126
[3] blakkr lætr: so W, U, 744ˣ, 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
ship, boat
1.1.1.1. horse of the sea
ESk Frag 9^III
strind svana
‘of the land of swans’ = SEA
the land of swans → SEA

GKS 2368 4°: 126
sea
6.1. land of the aquatic bird
ESk Frag 9^III
snægrund
‘the snow-ground’ = Iceland
the snow-ground → Iceland

GKS 2368 4°: 126
Iceland
1. land of snow
ÞjóðA Magnfl 1^II
sonr Ôleifs
‘Óláfr’s son’ = Magnús
Óláfr’s son, → Magnús

GKS 2368 4°: 126
Magnús I inn góði Óláfsson (r. 1035-47)
1.1. son of Óláfr Haraldsson
Hallg Frag 1^III
sollinn salr sanda
‘the swollen hall of sands’ = SEA
the swollen hall of sands → SEA

GKS 2368 4°: 126/2
sea
5.4. dwelling of the sea
Refr Ferðv 2^III
úrsvǫl vǫlva Gymis
‘the spray-cold vǫlva of Gymir’ = Rán
The spray-cold vǫlva of Gymir → Rán

GKS 2368 4°: 126/8
[4] úr‑: út‑ R(26v), R(38r), Tˣ(27r), W, B, C, 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
Rán
1. woman of Ægir (C3a)
Refr Ferðv 2^III
bjǫrn undinna festa
‘the bear of twisted moorings’ = SHIP
the bear of twisted moorings → SHIP

GKS 2368 4°: 126/8
ship, boat
1.2.2. wild animal of the ship
Refr Ferðv 3^III
úrdrifinn Sleipnir sægnípu
‘the spray-spattered Sleipnir of the sea-peak’ = SHIP
the sea-peak → WAVE
the spray-spattered Sleipnir of the WAVE → SHIP

GKS 2368 4°: 126/12
ship, boat
1.1.1.1. horse of the sea
Refr Ferðv 3^III
sægnípa
‘of the sea-peak’ = WAVE
the sea-peak → WAVE

GKS 2368 4°: 126/12
wave
1.2. mountain of the sea
Refr Ferðv 4^III
barðristinn borðheimr
‘the prow-carved world of ship-planks’ = SEA
The prow-carved world of ship-planks → SEA

GKS 2368 4°: 126/21
[2] ‑heimr: ‑heim 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
sea
4.3. abode of the ship
Refr Ferðv 4^III
drasill skorðu
‘of the steed of the prop’ = SHIP
the steed of the prop, → SHIP

GKS 2368 4°: 126/21
[2] drasils: drasill Tˣ, A, 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
ship, boat
1.2.1.1. horse of the ship
ESk Øxfl 9^III
íss rauðra randa
‘an icicle of red shields’ = SWORD
an icicle of red shields → SWORD

GKS 2368 4°: 128
[1] rauðra: so W, A, 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
sword
3.3. ice of the shield
ESk Øxfl 9^III
grand hjalms
‘the harm of the helmet’ = AXE/SWORD
the harm of the helmet, → AXE/SWORD

GKS 2368 4°: 128
sword
ESk Øxfl 9^III
hvarmþey Freyju
‘with the eyelid-thaw of Freyja’ = GOLD
with the eyelid-thaw of Freyja, → GOLD

GKS 2368 4°: 128
gold
8.2. tears of Freyja (A3)
ESk Øxfl 9^III
hvarmþeyr
‘with the eyelid-thaw’ = TEARS
with the eyelid-thaw → TEARS

GKS 2368 4°: 128
tears, weeping
1. water of the eyes
Eskál Lv 3^I
árr unnviggs
‘the messenger of the wave-steed’ = SEAFARER = Þorleifr skúma
the wave-steed → SHIP
the messenger of the SHIP → SEAFARER = Þorleifr skúma

GKS 2368 4°: 128
seafarer
1.4. messenger of the ship
Eskál Lv 3^I
unnvigg
‘of the wave-steed’ = SHIP
the wave-steed → SHIP

GKS 2368 4°: 128
ship, boat
1.1.1.1. horse of the sea
Eskál Lv 3^I
spor sárelda
‘tracks of wound-fires’ = WOUNDS
wound-fires → SWORDS
tracks of SWORDS → WOUNDS

GKS 2368 4°: 128
wound
1.1. track of the weapon
Eskál Lv 3^I
sáreldr
‘of wound-fires’ = SWORDS
wound-fires → SWORDS

GKS 2368 4°: 128
sword
1.1.04. fire of the wound
Eskál Lv 3^I
særir seima
‘the wounder of riches’ = GENEROUS MAN
the wounder of riches: → GENEROUS MAN

GKS 2368 4°: 128
[3] seima: semja 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
generous man
1.05.1. wounder of gold
Eskál Lv 3^I
valdr viggja eybaugs
‘ruler of steeds of the island-ring’ = SEAFARER
the island-ring; → SEA
steeds of the SEA → SHIPS
ruler of SHIPS → SEAFARER

GKS 2368 4°: 128
seafarer
1.1.06. user of the ship
Eskál Lv 3^I
vigg eybaugs
‘of steeds of the island-ring’ = SHIPS
the island-ring; → SEA
steeds of the SEA → SHIPS

GKS 2368 4°: 128
ship, boat
1.1.1.1. horse of the sea
Eskál Lv 3^I
eybaugr
‘of the island-ring’ = SEA
the island-ring; → SEA

GKS 2368 4°: 128
sea
1.4. ring of the land
KormǪ Sigdr 4^III
Gríðar glaðfœðandi
‘horse-feeder of Gríðr’ = WARRIOR
the horse of Gríðr, → WOLF
the feeder of the WOLF → WARRIOR

GKS 2368 4°: 128/2
warrior
3.2.1. feeder of the wolf
KormǪ Sigdr 4^III
Gríðar glaðr
‘of the horse of Gríðr’ = WOLF
the horse of Gríðr, → WOLF

GKS 2368 4°: 128/2
wolf
1.1. horse of the giantess, troll-woman (A3)
KormǪ Sigdr 4^III
gjallan eldr Gauts
‘the resounding fire of Gautr’ = SWORD
the resounding fire of Gautr; → SWORD

GKS 2368 4°: 128/2
sword
1.1.05. fire of Óðinn
Glúmr Gráf 9^I
vǫrðr foldar
‘the guardian of the land’ = RULER
The guardian of the land, → RULER

GKS 2368 4°: 128/5
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
5.1. guardian of the land
Glúmr Gráf 9^I
heinþynntan, fjǫrnharðan hrynjeldr brynju
‘the whetstone-sharpened, amazingly hard resounding fire of the mail-shirt’ = SWORD
the whetstone-sharpened, amazingly hard resounding fire of the mail-shirt → SWORD

GKS 2368 4°: 128/5

[2] hrynj‑: hryn‑ R, Tˣ, W, U, A
sword
1.1.03.1. fire of the mail-coat
Hharð Gamv 2^II
hjǫrtr vengis
‘the stag of the cabin’ = SHIP
the stag of the cabin → SHIP

GKS 2368 4°: 129
ship, boat
1.2.2. wild animal of the ship
Hharð Gamv 2^II
Gerðr gollhrings
‘the Gerðr of the gold ring’ = WOMAN
the Gerðr of the gold ring → WOMAN

GKS 2368 4°: 129
female, woman
2.1.1. goddess of jewellery (B2b)
ÞSjár Frag 1^III
Goti sólborðs
‘The Goti of the ship-plank’ = SHIP
The Goti of the ship-plank → SHIP

GKS 2368 4°: 129
ship, boat
1.2.1.1. horse of the ship
ÞSjár Frag 1^III
Glaumr rastar Gylfa
‘the Glaumr of Gylfi’s path’ = SHIP
Gylfi’s path → SEA
the Glaumr of the SEA → SHIP

GKS 2368 4°: 129
ship, boat
1.1.1.1. horse of the sea
ÞSjár Frag 1^III
rǫst Gylfa
‘of Gylfi’s path’ = SEA
Gylfi’s path → SEA

GKS 2368 4°: 129
sea
2.2. path of the sea-king
ÞSjár Frag 1^III
sæðings slóð-Goti
‘seagull’s track-Goti’ = SHIP
the seagull’s track → SEA
the Goti of the SEA → SHIP

GKS 2368 4°: 129
ship, boat
1.1.1.1. horse of the sea
ÞSjár Frag 1^III
sæðings slóð
‘of the seagull’s track’ = SEA
the seagull’s track → SEA

GKS 2368 4°: 129
sea
6.2. path of the aquatic bird
ÞSjár Frag 1^III
hestr lauks
‘the horse of the mast’ = SHIP
the horse of the mast → SHIP

GKS 2368 4°: 129
ship, boat
1.2.1.1. horse of the ship
ESk Lv 7^III
þýðr friðstøkkvir baugs
‘kind truce-banisher of the ring’ = GENEROUS MAN
kind truce-banisher of the ring; → GENEROUS MAN

GKS 2368 4°: 130
[4] ‑støkkvir (‘‑stavkqvir’): ‘stóckuir’ 2368ˣ
generous man
1.10. peace-destroyer of wealth
ESk Lv 7^III
elgr flóðs
‘the elk of the flood’ = SHIP
the elk of the flood → SHIP

GKS 2368 4°: 130
[3] elg búum: ‘eglbuinn’ 2368ˣ
ship, boat
1.1.2. wild animal of the sea
Eldj Lv 1^II
breiðhúfuðum hestr hvaljarðar
‘the broad-hulled horse of the whale-land’ = SHIP
the whale-land. → SEA
the broad-hulled horse of the SEA → SHIP

GKS 2368 4°: 130
[6] ‑húfuðum: so H, Hr, 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
ship, boat
1.1.1.1. horse of the sea
Eldj Lv 1^II
hvaljǫrð
‘of the whale-land’ = SEA
the whale-land. → SEA

GKS 2368 4°: 130
sea
3.1. land of the aquatic animal
Máni Lv 5^III
otr hafs
‘the otter of the ocean’ = SHIP
the otter of the ocean, → SHIP

GKS 2368 4°: 130
[1] otri: so Tˣ, W, A, 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
ship, boat
7.1. swimming animal of the sea
ÚlfrU Húsdr 11^III
fullǫflug Hildr fjalla
‘the exceedingly strong Hildr of the mountains’ = GIANTESS
The exceedingly strong Hildr of the mountains → GIANTESS

GKS 2368 4°: 130/2
giantess, troll-woman
2.1. female being of mountain-environment (B2b and B2c)
ÚlfrU Húsdr 11^III
haf-Sleipnir
‘the sea-Sleipnir’ = SHIP
the sea-Sleipnir → SHIP

GKS 2368 4°: 130/2
ship, boat
1.1.1.1. horse of the sea
ÚlfrU Húsdr 11^III
hjalmeldr
‘with helmet-fires’ = SWORDS
with helmet-fires. → SWORDS

GKS 2368 4°: 130/2
[4] ‑eldum: so Tˣ, 2368ˣ
sword
1.1.03.2. fire of the helmet
Refr Þorst 3^III
hoddvǫnuðr
‘the gold-diminisher’ = GENEROUS MAN
the gold-diminisher → GENEROUS MAN

GKS 2368 4°: 130/13
generous man
1.03. diminisher of wealth
Refr Þorst 3^III
hermðarspjall heinvandils
‘the anger-words of the whetstone-Vandill’ = BATTLE
the whetstone-Vandill; → SWORD
the anger-words of the SWORD → BATTLE

GKS 2368 4°: 130/13
[4] ‑vandils: ‑vandill 2368ˣ
battle
6.04. speech of weapons
Refr Þorst 3^III
heinVendill
‘of the whetstone-Vandill’ = SWORD
the whetstone-Vandill; → SWORD

GKS 2368 4°: 130/13
[4] ‑vandils: ‑vandill 2368ˣ
sword
8.1. land of the whetstone
Refr Þorst 3^III
runnr hlunnvitnis
‘to the bush of the roller-wolf’ = SEAFARER
the roller-wolf. → SHIP
to the bush of the SHIP → SEAFARER

GKS 2368 4°: 130/13
seafarer
1.2. tree of the ship
Refr Þorst 3^III
hlunnvitnir
‘of the roller-wolf’ = SHIP
the roller-wolf. → SHIP

GKS 2368 4°: 130/13
ship, boat
1.2.2. wild animal of the ship
ESk Frag 5^III
ætt ins helga Óláfs
‘the kinsman of the holy Óláfr’ = NORWEGIAN KING
The kinsman of the holy Óláfr → NORWEGIAN KING

GKS 2368 4°: 132
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
4. relative of the Norwegian king
ESk Frag 5^III
leygr sólar skipa
‘the flame of the ships’ sun’ = SWORD
the ships’ sun → SHIELD
the flame of the SHIELD → SWORD

GKS 2368 4°: 132
[1] Leyg: so R, Tˣ, W, 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
sword
1.1.02.1. fire of the shield
ESk Frag 5^III
sól skipa
‘of the ships’ sun’ = SHIELD
the ships’ sun → SHIELD

GKS 2368 4°: 132
shield
1.01. heavenly body of the ship
Ormr Woman 6^III
Fríðr funa fjarðar
‘May the Fríðr of the fire of the fjord’ = WOMAN
the fire of the fjord → GOLD
May the Fríðr of the GOLD → WOMAN

GKS 2368 4°: 132
female, woman
1.1.1. goddess of riches, wealth (B2b)
Ormr Woman 6^III
funi fjarðar
‘of the fire of the fjord’ = GOLD
the fire of the fjord → GOLD

GKS 2368 4°: 132
gold
1.1.1. fire of the sea (A1)
Ormr Woman 6^III
grund salar Fundins
‘the land of the hall of Fundinn’ = WOMAN
the hall of Fundinn; → STONE
the land of the STONE → WOMAN

GKS 2368 4°: 132
female, woman
2.3. land, landscape of jewellery (B2c)
Ormr Woman 6^III
salr Fundins
‘of the hall of Fundinn’ = STONE
the hall of Fundinn; → STONE

GKS 2368 4°: 132
rock, stone
3.1. dwelling place of the dwarf
Ormr Woman 6^III
fastan gustr flagðs
‘my steadfast gust of the troll-woman’ = MIND
my steadfast gust of the troll-woman → MIND

GKS 2368 4°: 132
mind, thought
1.1. storm, wind of the giantess
Ormr Woman 6^III
garðr brims
‘the fence of the surf’ = WAVE
the fence of the surf. → WAVE

GKS 2368 4°: 132
wave
5. place of the surf
Ormr Woman 4^III
skorða fjarðbeins
‘the prop of the fjord-bone’ = WOMAN
the fjord-bone → STONE
The prop of the STONE → WOMAN

GKS 2368 4°: 133
female, woman
2.2. tree, wood of jewellery (B2c)
Ormr Woman 4^III
fjarðbein
‘of the fjord-bone’ = STONE
the fjord-bone → STONE

GKS 2368 4°: 133
rock, stone
2.1.1. bone of waters
Ormr Woman 4^III
nadd-Freyr
‘the spear-Freyr’ = WARRIOR
the spear-Freyr → WARRIOR

GKS 2368 4°: 133
warrior
1.4.1.05. Freyr of the weapon
Ormr Woman 4^III
Hrist mjaðar
‘the Hrist of mead’ = WOMAN
the Hrist of mead. → WOMAN

GKS 2368 4°: 133
female, woman
6.1. female mythical being of drink (B2b)
Þjóð Yt 18^I
hjarta lagar
‘the heart of the water’ = ISLAND
the heart of the water. → ISLAND

GKS 2368 4°: 133/21
island, skerry
4. heart of the sea
Arn Frag 6^III
bein klifs
‘the bone of the cliff’ = STONE
The bone of the cliff → STONE

GKS 2368 4°: 133/23
rock, stone
1.1.1. bone of the earth
HSt Frag 6^III
hart hregg benvargs
‘the strong storm of the wound-wolf’ = BATTLE
the wound-wolf → SWORD
The strong storm of the SWORD → BATTLE

GKS 2368 4°: 133/60
battle
1.1.1.1. storm/wind of the sword
HSt Frag 6^III
benvargr
‘of the wound-wolf’ = SWORD
the wound-wolf → SWORD

GKS 2368 4°: 133/60
sword
12.1.4. damaging being of the wound
HSt Frag 6^III
sól bókar
‘the sun of the book’ = COLOUR
the sun of the book → COLOUR

GKS 2368 4°: 133/60
colour
. light of the book
HSt Frag 7^III
hnegg foldar
‘the heart of the earth’ = STONE
The heart of the earth → STONE

GKS 2368 4°: 133/62
rock, stone
1.1.3. organ of the earth
HSt Frag 7^III
firnabjúgir fleygi-Njǫrðr fjarðelds
‘the overly stooping throwing-Nirðir of fjord-fire’ = GENEROUS MEN
fjord-fire → GOLD
the overly stooping throwing-Nirðir of the GOLD → GENEROUS MEN

GKS 2368 4°: 133/62
generous man
2.3.1. flinger of gold
HSt Frag 7^III
fjarðeldr
‘of fjord-fire’ = GOLD
fjord-fire → GOLD

GKS 2368 4°: 133/62
gold
1.1.1. fire of the sea (A1)
ÁKet Sverr 1^III
seimǫrr sigrgœðir
‘the gold-generous victory-increaser’ = WARRIOR
The gold-generous victory-increaser → WARRIOR

GKS 2368 4°: 135
[2] seimǫrr: ‘seimur’ 2368ˣ
[1] Sigrgœðir: ‘Sigur græder’ 2368ˣ
warrior
5.2. increaser / strengthener of victory
ÁKet Sverr 1^III
þann tregi orms
‘that grief of the snake’ = WINTER
that grief of the snake; → WINTER

GKS 2368 4°: 135
[4] orms: ‘ørm‑’ 2368ˣ
winter
1.3. sorrow of the snake
Ill Har 1^II
menskerðir
‘the necklace-diminisher’ = GENEROUS MAN = Sigurðr
the necklace-diminisher → GENEROUS MAN = Sigurðr

GKS 2368 4°: 136
generous man
1.01.3. destroyer of the necklace
Ill Har 1^II
myrkaurriði markar
‘the dark trout of the forest’ = SERPENT = Fáfnir
the dark trout of the forest → SERPENT = Fáfnir

GKS 2368 4°: 136
serpent, snake
1.1. fish or whale of the land (A1b)

Cookies on our website

Kennings — GKS 2368 4° (2368)

Arn Þorfdr 1II

GKS 2368 4°: 80

Arn Þorfdr 1II

GKS 2368 4°: 80

Hávh Lv 1III

GKS 2368 4°: 81

Hávh Lv 1III

GKS 2368 4°: 81

Hávh Lv 1III

GKS 2368 4°: 81

Steinþ Frag 1III

GKS 2368 4°: 81

Steinþ Frag 1III

GKS 2368 4°: 81

Steinþ Frag 1III

GKS 2368 4°: 81

Refr Giz 3III

GKS 2368 4°: 81/24

Refr Giz 3III

GKS 2368 4°: 81/24

Refr Giz 3III

GKS 2368 4°: 81/24

Refr Giz 3III

GKS 2368 4°: 81/24

Refr Giz 3III

GKS 2368 4°: 81/24

Refr Giz 3III

GKS 2368 4°: 81/24

Eskál Vell 5I

GKS 2368 4°: 82/1

Eskál Vell 5I

GKS 2368 4°: 82/1

Eskál Vell 5I

GKS 2368 4°: 82/1

Eskál Vell 5I

GKS 2368 4°: 82/1

Eskál Vell 5I

GKS 2368 4°: 82/1

KormǪ Sigdr 7III

GKS 2368 4°: 82/4

KormǪ Sigdr 7III

GKS 2368 4°: 82/4

Eskál Vell 37I

GKS 2368 4°: 82/6

Þblǫnd Frag 1III

GKS 2368 4°: 82/9

Þblǫnd Frag 1III

GKS 2368 4°: 82/9

Þblǫnd Frag 1III

GKS 2368 4°: 82/9

Anon (LaufE) 9III

GKS 2368 4°: 86

Anon (LaufE) 10III

GKS 2368 4°: 86

Anon Bjark 7III

GKS 2368 4°: 88/15

Anon Bjark 7III

GKS 2368 4°: 88/15

Sigv Frag 2III

GKS 2368 4°: 88/19

Sigv Frag 2III

GKS 2368 4°: 88/19

ESk Lv 8III

GKS 2368 4°: 89

ESk Lv 8III

GKS 2368 4°: 89

ESk Lv 8III

GKS 2368 4°: 89

ESk Lv 8III

GKS 2368 4°: 89

ESk Lv 8III

GKS 2368 4°: 89

ESk Lv 8III

GKS 2368 4°: 89

ESk Lv 8III

GKS 2368 4°: 89

ESk Lv 8III

GKS 2368 4°: 89

Arn Þorfdr 1^II

Arn Þorfdr 1^II

Hávh Lv 1^III

Hávh Lv 1^III

Hávh Lv 1^III

Steinþ Frag 1^III

Steinþ Frag 1^III

Steinþ Frag 1^III

Refr Giz 3^III

Refr Giz 3^III

Refr Giz 3^III

Refr Giz 3^III

Refr Giz 3^III

Refr Giz 3^III

Eskál Vell 5^I

Eskál Vell 5^I

Eskál Vell 5^I

Eskál Vell 5^I

Eskál Vell 5^I

KormǪ Sigdr 7^III

KormǪ Sigdr 7^III

Eskál Vell 37^I

Þblǫnd Frag 1^III

Þblǫnd Frag 1^III

Þblǫnd Frag 1^III

Anon (LaufE) 9^III

Anon (LaufE) 10^III

Anon Bjark 7^III

Anon Bjark 7^III

Sigv Frag 2^III

Sigv Frag 2^III

ESk Lv 8^III

ESk Lv 8^III

ESk Lv 8^III

ESk Lv 8^III

ESk Lv 8^III

ESk Lv 8^III

ESk Lv 8^III

ESk Lv 8^III

ESk Lv 9^III

ESk Lv 9^III

ESk Lv 9^III

ESk Lv 9^III

ESk Lv 9^III

ESk Lv 9^III

ESk Lv 9^III

ESk Lv 9^III

ESk Lv 14^III

ESk Lv 14^III

ESk Lv 14^III

ESk Lv 14^III

ESk Lv 14^III

ESk Lv 14^III

ESk Lv 14^III

ESk Lv 14^III

ESk Lv 15^III

ESk Lv 15^III

ESk Lv 15^III

ESk Lv 15^III

ESk Lv 15^III

ESk Lv 15^III

ESk Lv 15^III

ESk Lv 15^III

ÞjóðA Sex 29^II

ÞjóðA Sex 29^II

ÞjóðA Sex 29^II

ÞjóðA Sex 29^II

ÞjóðA Sex 29^II

ÞjóðA Sex 29^II

Anon Bjark 3^III

ESk Øxfl 3^III

ESk Øxfl 3^III

ESk Øxfl 3^III

ESk Øxfl 3^III