Edith Marold (ed.) 2017, ‘Hallar-Steinn, Fragments 6’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 208.
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harðr (adj.; °comp. -ari; superl. -astr): hard, harsh
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fljúga (verb): fly
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hvass (adj.; °-an; -ari, -astr): keen, sharp
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3. of (prep.): around, from; too
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hregg (noun n.): storm
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magna (verb): strengthen, increase
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bragnar (noun m.): men, warriors
[2] bragna ‘of men’: This noun could technically be accommodated in any of the helmingr’s three clauses. Finnur Jónsson (Skj B) connects it with búkar ‘bodies’ (l. 3), which is adopted in the present edn. Kock (NN §1189) takes it with snertu ‘battle’ (l. 1) and cites a few parallels for the syntagm ‘battle of men’, none of which are fully equivalent.
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1. bók (noun f.; °bǿkr/bókar; bǿkr): book
[3] sól bókar ‘the sun of the book [COLOUR (steinn ‘stone’)]’: This is an ofljóst construction, based on the homonymy of ON steinn, which can mean both ‘stain, colour’ and ‘stone’.
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sól (noun f.; °-ar, dat. -u/-; -ir): sun
[3] sól bókar ‘the sun of the book [COLOUR (steinn ‘stone’)]’: This is an ofljóst construction, based on the homonymy of ON steinn, which can mean both ‘stain, colour’ and ‘stone’.
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þars (conj.): where
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búkr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i/-; -ar): body
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1. ben (noun f.; °-jar, dat. -; -jar , gen. -a(var. EiðKrC 402¹³: AM 77 4° D)): wound < benvargr (noun m.)
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1. ben (noun f.; °-jar, dat. -; -jar , gen. -a(var. EiðKrC 402¹³: AM 77 4° D)): wound < benvargr (noun m.)
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vargr (noun m.; °dat. -i; -ar): wolf < benvargr (noun m.)
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vargr (noun m.; °dat. -i; -ar): wolf < benvargr (noun m.)
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hníga (verb): sink, fall
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2. margr (adj.; °-an): many
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
This helmingr is cited in LaufE among fragments exemplifying kennings and heiti for ‘stone’, and, more specifically, among a group of stone-kennings referring to them as the sheen, colour etc. of books or ships (LaufE 1979, 307): þui bækur eru lystar, skip steind ‘because books are illuminated, ships painted’. In the Y redaction of LaufE Frag 6 and Frag 7 are cited as one stanza, and the latter is also given as an example of a stone-kenning (hnegg foldar ‘heart of the earth’).
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