Kennings — Sturla Þórðarson

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• Sturl Frag 1^III

  alfr lindar
  ‘of the shield’s elf’ = WARRIOR
  the shield’s elf → WARRIOR

  warrior
  1.4.2. elf of the weapon

• Sturl Frag 2^III

  dagr handar
  ‘the daylight of the hand’ = GOLD
  the daylight of the hand → GOLD

  gold
  2.1. light of the arm/hand (A1)

• Sturl Frag 2^III

  himinn mergjar
  ‘the heaven of marrow’ = ARM
  the heaven of marrow → ARM

  arm
  4.1. heaven of marrow (A1)

• Sturl Hákfl 1^II

  rýrir Rínfúra
  ‘the diminisher of Rhine-fires’ = GENEROUS MAN
  Rhine-fires → GOLD
  the diminisher of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

  generous man
  1.03.1. diminisher of gold

• Sturl Hákfl 1^II

  Rínfúrr
  ‘of Rhine-fires’ = GOLD
  Rhine-fires → GOLD

  gold
  9.1.3. light of the Rhine (A1)

• Sturl Hákfl 1^II

  reiðr örþingaðr
  ‘the angry assembly-convenor of the arrow’ = WARRIOR
  the angry assembly-convenor of the arrow → WARRIOR

  warrior

• Sturl Hákfl 2^II

  auðmildr valdr hörða
  ‘the wealth-generous ruler of the hǫrðar’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Hákon
  The wealth-generous ruler of the Hǫrðar, → NORWEGIAN KING = Hákon

  Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
  1.1. ruler of the Norwegians

• Sturl Hákfl 2^II

  hjálmi hólmreyðar
  ‘with the helmet of the island-char’ = HELMET OF TERROR
  the island-char. → SNAKE
  with the helmet of the SNAKE → HELMET OF TERROR

  helmet
  4. helmet of the snake

• Sturl Hákfl 2^II

  hólmreyðr
  ‘of the island-char’ = SNAKE
  the island-char. → SNAKE

  serpent, snake
  1.1. fish or whale of the land (A1b)

• Sturl Hákfl 2^II

  sigrgœðir
  ‘from the victory-strengthener’ = WARRIOR
  from the victory-strengthener. → WARRIOR

  warrior
  5.2. increaser / strengthener of victory

• Sturl Hákfl 3^II

  ýgr járnsveims hyrgildandi
  ‘fire-validator of weapon-commotion’ = WARRIOR
  weapon-commotion, → BATTLE
  the fire of the BATTLE → SWORD
  The fearsome validator of the SWORD → WARRIOR

  warrior

• Sturl Hákfl 3^II

  járnsveims hyrr
  ‘of the fire of weapon-commotion’ = SWORD
  weapon-commotion, → BATTLE
  the fire of the BATTLE → SWORD

  sword
  1.1.01. fire of battle

• Sturl Hákfl 3^II

  járnsveimr
  ‘of weapon-commotion’ = BATTLE
  weapon-commotion, → BATTLE

  battle
  10. tumult of the weapon

• Sturl Hákfl 3^II

  frændi Erlings
  ‘the kinsman of Erlingr’ = Sigurðr
  The kinsman of Erlingr → Sigurðr

  Sigurðr ribbungr (d. 1226)
  . relative of Erlingr steinveggr

• Sturl Hákfl 3^II

  meiðr stála
  ‘the trees of weapons’ = WARRIORS
  the trees of weapons → WARRIORS

  warrior
  1.1. tree of the weapon

• Sturl Hákfl 4^II

  bǫl markar
  ‘the harm of the forest’ = FIRE
  the harm of the forest → FIRE

  fire, flame
  1.1. harm of wood

• Sturl Hákfl 4^II

  eiðvandr baugsendir
  ‘the reliable ring-giver’ = GENEROUS MAN
  the reliable ring-giver → GENEROUS MAN

  generous man
  2.4.2. sender of the ring

• Sturl Hákfl 5^II

  ríkr hneykir hlenna
  ‘the powerful repressor of robbers’ = JUST RULER = Hákon
  The powerful repressor of robbers → JUST RULER = Hákon

  chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
  4.1. destroyer of evildoers

• Sturl Hákfl 5^II

  ský ógnar
  ‘of the cloud of terror’ = SHIELD
  the cloud of terror. → SHIELD

  shield
  2.1.1. cloud of battle

• Sturl Hákfl 6^II

  dauðan dólgstríðir
  ‘the dead enemy-combatant’ = WARRIOR = Sigurðr
  the dead enemy-combatant. → WARRIOR = Sigurðr

  warrior
  4.5. fighter of enemies

• Sturl Hákfl 7^II

  vitr valdr norrænar aldar
  ‘the wise ruler of the norwegian people’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Hákon
  The wise ruler of the Norwegian people → NORWEGIAN KING = Hákon

  Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
  1.1. ruler of the Norwegians

• Sturl Hákfl 7^II

  göfugr oddviti jöfra
  ‘the glorious leader of princes’ = KING
  the glorious leader of princes → KING

  chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
  2.2. lord of princes

• Sturl Hákfl 8^II

  rógstríðr týnir randa
  ‘the strife-harsh destroyer of shield-rims’ = WARRIOR
  the strife-harsh destroyer of shield-rims → WARRIOR

  warrior
  1.7.02. destroyer of the weapon

• Sturl Hákfl 8^II

  lestir fúra fleyvangs
  ‘the damager of the fires of the ship-field’ = GENEROUS MAN
  the ship-field → SEA
  the fires of the SEA → GOLD
  the damager of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

  generous man
  1.01.1. destroyer of gold

• Sturl Hákfl 8^II

  fúrr fleyvangs
  ‘of the fires of the ship-field’ = GOLD
  the ship-field → SEA
  the fires of the SEA → GOLD

  gold
  1.1.1. fire of the sea (A1)

• Sturl Hákfl 8^II

  fleyvangr
  ‘of the ship-field’ = SEA
  the ship-field → SEA

  sea
  4.1. land of the ship

• Sturl Hákfl 8^II

  gullstríðir
  ‘the gold-tormentor’ = GENEROUS MAN
  the gold-tormentor → GENEROUS MAN

  generous man
  1.01.1. destroyer of gold

• Sturl Hákfl 8^II

  lofðungr þrænda
  ‘the lord of the þrændir’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Hákon
  the lord of the Þrændir → NORWEGIAN KING = Hákon

  Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
  1.1. ruler of the Norwegians

• Sturl Hákfl 8^II

  liðbál
  ‘for the limb-pyre’ = GOLD
  for the limb-pyre. → GOLD

  gold
  2.1.1. fire of the arm/hand (A1)

• Sturl Hákfl 9^II

  göfugr dróttinn virða
  ‘the glorious lord of men’ = KING = Hákon
  The glorious lord of men → KING = Hákon

  chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
  1.1. lord of people

• Sturl Hákfl 9^II

  ríkjum jǫfurr Skánunga
  ‘the mighty prince of the Skánungar’ = DANISH KING = Kristófór
  the mighty prince of the Skánungar → DANISH KING = Kristófór

  Danish king, ruler, jarl
  1.1. ruler of the Danes

• Sturl Hákfl 9^II

  víkeldr
  ‘of the inlet-pyre’ = GOLD
  the inlet-pyre; → GOLD

  gold
  1.1.1. fire of the sea (A1)

• Sturl Hákfl 9^II

  gullsviptir
  ‘the gold-flinger’ = GENEROUS MAN
  the gold-flinger → GENEROUS MAN

  generous man
  2.3.1. flinger of gold

• Sturl Hákfl 9^II

  hilmir rauma
  ‘the ruler of the raumar’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Hákon
  The ruler of the Raumar → NORWEGIAN KING = Hákon

  Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
  1.1. ruler of the Norwegians

• Sturl Hákfl 10^II

  stillir egða
  ‘the ruler of the egðir’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Hákon
  The ruler of the Egðir → NORWEGIAN KING = Hákon

  Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
  1.1. ruler of the Norwegians

• Sturl Hákfl 10^II

  megingrandaðr krapta geirbrúar
  ‘of the mighty harmer of the bollard of the spear-bridge’ = WARRIOR = Magnús berfœttr Óláfsson
  the spear-bridge → SHIELD
  the bollard of the SHIELD → SWORD
  the mighty harmer of the SWORD → WARRIOR = Magnús berfœttr Óláfsson

  warrior
  1.7.02. destroyer of the weapon

• Sturl Hákfl 10^II

  krafti geirbrúar
  ‘of the bollard of the spear-bridge’ = SWORD
  the spear-bridge → SHIELD
  the bollard of the SHIELD → SWORD

  sword

• Sturl Hákfl 10^II

  geirbrú
  ‘of the spear-bridge’ = SHIELD
  the spear-bridge → SHIELD

  shield
  5.2.1.1. path of the spear

• Sturl Hákfl 10^II

  øngr Göndlar veðrboði
  ‘Gǫndul’s storm-messenger’ = WARRIOR
  Gǫndul’s storm → BATTLE
  No messenger of the BATTLE → WARRIOR

  warrior
  2.5.2.1. messenger of battle

• Sturl Hákfl 10^II

  Göndlar veðr
  ‘of Gǫndul’s storm’ = BATTLE
  Gǫndul’s storm → BATTLE

  battle
  1.1.3. storm/wind of the valkyrie

• Sturl Hákfl 10^II

  rógsœkir
  ‘of the strife-conqueror’ = WARRIOR = Hákon
  the strife-conqueror → WARRIOR = Hákon

  warrior
  . seeker of battle

• Sturl Hákfl 11^II

  Þróttar þinghlynr
  ‘assembly-maple of Þróttr’ = WARRIOR = Hákon
  Þróttr’s assembly → BATTLE
  The maple of the BATTLE → WARRIOR = Hákon

  warrior
  2.1. tree of battle

• Sturl Hákfl 11^II

  Þróttar þing
  ‘of Þróttr’s assembly’ = BATTLE
  Þróttr’s assembly → BATTLE

  battle
  3.3. meeting of Óðinn

• Sturl Hákfl 11^II

  ófs dynviðr
  ‘the din-trees of the sword’ = WARRIORS
  the din of the sword → BATTLE
  the trees of the BATTLE → WARRIORS

  warrior
  2.1. tree of battle

• Sturl Hákfl 11^II

  ófs dynr
  ‘of the din of the sword’ = BATTLE
  the din of the sword → BATTLE

  battle
  2.1.1. din of swords

• Sturl Hákfl 11^II

  margr fergir málma
  ‘many a subjugator of weapons’ = WARRIOR
  Many a subjugator of weapons → WARRIOR

  warrior
  1.7.02. destroyer of the weapon

• Sturl Hákfl 11^II

  gramr lýða
  ‘of the lord of men’ = KING
  the lord of men; → KING

  chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
  1.1. lord of people

• Sturl Hákkv 1^II

  niðr Tryggva
  ‘of the kinsman of Tryggvi’ = Óláfr Tryggvason
  the kinsman of Tryggvi, → Óláfr Tryggvason

  Óláfr I Tryggvason (r. c. 995-c. 1000)
  1.1. descendant of Tryggvi Óláfsson

• Sturl Hákkv 5^II

  víðum botn vindkers
  ‘the wide bottom of the wind-vessel’ = EARTH
  the wind-vessel, → SKY/HEAVEN
  the wide bottom of the SKY/HEAVEN → EARTH

  earth, land
  2.1. bottom of the sky

• Sturl Hákkv 5^II

  vindker
  ‘of the wind-vessel’ = SKY/HEAVEN
  the wind-vessel, → SKY/HEAVEN

  sky/heaven
  . vessel of storm/wind

• Sturl Hákkv 6^II

  lið grýtlinga
  ‘the force of the grýtlingar’ = the Ribbungar
  the force of the Grýtlingar → the Ribbungar

  questionable kennings

• Sturl Hákkv 6^II

  stálhvǫtuðr
  ‘the sword-inciter’ = WARRIOR = Hákon
  the sword-inciter. → WARRIOR = Hákon

  warrior
  1.7.01.4. hastener of the weapon

• Sturl Hákkv 7^II

  leystan garmr elris
  ‘the released dog of the alder’ = FIRE
  the released dog of the alder → FIRE

  fire, flame
  2.1. dog of wood

• Sturl Hákkv 8^II

  hundr viðar
  ‘the hound of the forest’ = FIRE
  The hound of the forest → FIRE

  fire, flame
  2.1. dog of wood

• Sturl Hákkv 8^II

  svipkárr rakki selju
  ‘the violent dog of the willow’ = FIRE
  the violent dog of the willow → FIRE

  fire, flame
  2.1. dog of wood

• Sturl Hákkv 9^II

  rjóðr randa
  ‘the reddener of shield-rims’ = WARRIOR = Skúli
  the reddener of shield-rims → WARRIOR = Skúli

  warrior
  1.7.03. stainer of the weapon

• Sturl Hákkv 10^II

  seiðr sverða
  ‘a chant of swords’ = BATTLE
  a chant of swords → BATTLE

  battle
  6.01.1. incantation of weapons

• Sturl Hákkv 10^II

  vígalfr
  ‘the battle-elf’ = WARRIOR = Skúli
  the battle-elf → WARRIOR = Skúli

  warrior
  2.3.4. elf of battle

• Sturl Hákkv 10^II

  vápnþrima
  ‘weapon-clash’ = BATTLE
  weapon-clash → BATTLE

  battle
  2.1. din of weapons

• Sturl Hákkv 11^II

  hreggi blásnar húnskrift
  ‘the storm-swept decorated cloth of the mast-top’ = SAIL
  the storm-swept decorated cloth of the mast-top → SAIL

  sail
  1.1. cloth of the mast-top

• Sturl Hákkv 13^II

  hafraukn
  ‘the ocean’s draught-animals’ = SHIPS
  The ocean’s draught-animals → SHIPS

  ship, boat
  1.1.1.2. other working animal of the sea

• Sturl Hákkv 15^II

  stýrir rómu
  ‘the controller of battle’ = WARRIOR = Hákon
  the controller of battle → WARRIOR = Hákon

  warrior
  2.5.4. ruler of battle

• Sturl Hákkv 15^II

  gagnfǫr greypra vápna
  ‘the meeting of terrible weapons’ = BATTLE
  the meeting of terrible weapons. → BATTLE

  battle
  3.1. meeting of weapons

• Sturl Hákkv 16^II

  eldr böðvar-Týs
  ‘the fires of the battle-Týr’ = SPEARS
  the battle-Týr → Óðinn
  the fires of ÓÐINN → SPEARS

  spear
  1.1.2. fire of Óðinn

• Sturl Hákkv 16^II

  böðvar-Týr
  ‘of the battle-Týr’ = Óðinn
  the battle-Týr → Óðinn

  Óðinn
  2.1. god of battle (C2b)

• Sturl Hákkv 16^II

  baug*rennir
  ‘the ring-advancer’ = GENEROUS MAN = Skúli
  the ring-advancer, → GENEROUS MAN = Skúli

  generous man
  . impeller of wealth

• Sturl Hákkv 16^II

  eisa eggfárs
  ‘the flames of blade-wrath’ = SPEARS
  blade-wrath → BATTLE
  the flames of the BATTLE → SPEARS

  spear
  1.1.1. fire of battle

• Sturl Hákkv 16^II

  eggfár
  ‘of blade-wrath’ = BATTLE
  blade-wrath → BATTLE

  battle
  13.1. harm of the weapon

• Sturl Hákkv 16^II

  Aurnis spjalla ilflet
  ‘footsole-floors of Aurnir’s confidant’ = SHIELDS
  Aurnir’s confidant. → GIANT
  the floors of the footsole of the GIANT → SHIELDS

  shield
  13.2. bridge of the giant

• Sturl Hákkv 16^II

  Aurnis spjalli
  ‘of Aurnir’s confidant’ = GIANT
  Aurnir’s confidant. → GIANT

  giant
  3.3. confidant of the giant

• Sturl Hákkv 17^II

  geigurlig hræleiptr
  ‘the frightful corpse-lightnings’ = SPEARS
  The frightful corpse-lightnings → SPEARS

  spear
  1.2.4. light of corpse

• Sturl Hákkv 17^II

  himinn Gauts
  ‘the sky of Gautr’ = SHIELD
  the sky of Gautr → SHIELD

  shield
  10.3. sky of Óðinn

• Sturl Hákkv 17^II

  leikr hjarar
  ‘the play of the sword’ = BATTLE
  the play of the sword, → BATTLE

  battle
  4.1.1. play of swords

• Sturl Hákkv 17^II

  randalfr
  ‘the shield-elf’ = WARRIOR
  the shield-elf → WARRIOR

  warrior
  1.4.2. elf of the weapon

• Sturl Hákkv 17^II

  ský böðvar
  ‘the cloud of battle’ = SHIELD
  the cloud of battle → SHIELD

  shield
  2.1.1. cloud of battle

• Sturl Hákkv 17^II

  elding blóðs
  ‘with flashes of blood’ = SPEARS
  with flashes of blood. → SPEARS

  spear
  1.2.2. light of blood

• Sturl Hákkv 18^II

  stýrir lofða
  ‘the controller of men’ = RULER = Hákon
  The controller of men → RULER = Hákon

  chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
  1.1. lord of people

• Sturl Hákkv 18^II

  blóðormr
  ‘of the blood-snake’ = SPEAR
  the blood-snake → SPEAR

  spear
  1.1. serpent of blood

• Sturl Hákkv 18^II

  leikr hjarar
  ‘the play of the sword’ = BATTLE
  the play of the sword → BATTLE

  battle
  4.1.1. play of swords

• Sturl Hákkv 18^II

  grænni mála geir-Týs
  ‘the green wife of the spear-Týr’ = Jǫrð
  the spear-Týr. → Óðinn
  the green wife of ÓÐINN → Jǫrð

  Jǫrð
  1. consort of Óðinn (C3a)

• Sturl Hákkv 18^II

  geir-Týr
  ‘of the spear-Týr’ = Óðinn
  the spear-Týr. → Óðinn

  Óðinn
  2.2. god of the spear (C2b)

• Sturl Hákkv 19^II

  byrr branda
  ‘the fair breeze of swords’ = BATTLE
  the fair breeze of swords → BATTLE

  battle
  1.1.1.1. storm/wind of the sword

• Sturl Hákkv 19^II

  baugsegl
  ‘at shield-boss sails’ = SHIELDS
  at shield-boss sails → SHIELDS

  shield
  12.2. sail of the shield

• Sturl Hákkv 19^II

  vindr brimis
  ‘the wind of the sword’ = BATTLE
  the wind of the sword, → BATTLE

  battle
  1.1.1.1. storm/wind of the sword

• Sturl Hákkv 19^II

  geigurligr hrælǫgr
  ‘the frightful corpse-sea’ = BLOOD
  the frightful corpse-sea → BLOOD

  blood
  1.3. liquid of the corpse (A2)

• Sturl Hákkv 19^II

  borð hjarar
  ‘the planks of the sword’ = SHIELDS
  the planks of the sword. → SHIELDS

  shield
  3.2. board of the weapon

• Sturl Hákkv 20^II

  blóðlaukr
  ‘the blood-mast’ = SWORD
  The blood-mast, → SWORD

  sword
  4.3.4. leek of blood

• Sturl Hákkv 20^II

  berum knǫrr áss örvar
  ‘the bare ship of the god of the arrow’ = SHIELD
  the god of the arrow, → Ullr
  the bare ship of ULLR → SHIELD

  shield
  13.1. ship of Ullr

• Sturl Hákkv 20^II

  Áss örvar
  ‘of the god of the arrow’ = Ullr
  the god of the arrow, → Ullr

  Ullr
  . god of the arrow

• Sturl Hákkv 20^II

  gandreið grænna skjalda
  ‘the riding troll-women of green shields’ = AXES
  the riding troll-women of green shields → AXES

  axe
  1.1. female mythical being of the shield

• Sturl Hákkv 20^II

  veggr Svölnis
  ‘the wall of Svǫlnir’ = SHIELD
  the wall of Svǫlnir → SHIELD

  shield
  7.3. wall of Óðinn

• Sturl Hákkv 21^II

  nift Fenris
  ‘Fenrir’s sister’ = Hel
  Fenrir’s sister → Hel

  Hel
  1. female relative of Loki or his offspring (C4a/C4b)

• Sturl Hákkv 21^II

  man Gjallar
  ‘of Gjǫll’s girl’ = Hel
  Gjǫll’s girl → Hel

  Hel
  2. goddess of the sphere of death (C1b/C2b)

• Sturl Hákkv 21^II

  hjörgǫll
  ‘the sword-din’ = BATTLE
  the sword-din. → BATTLE

  battle
  2.1.1. din of swords

• Sturl Hákkv 22^II

  dís hlýrna mans Högna
  ‘the dísir of the sun and moon of Hǫgni’s girl’ = VALKYRIES
  Hǫgni’s girl → Hildr
  the sun and moon of HILDR → SHIELDS
  the dísir of SHIELDS → VALKYRIES

  valkyrie
  1.2. woman of weapons and armour (B2b)

• Sturl Hákkv 22^II

  hlýrnir mans Högna
  ‘of the sun and moon of Hǫgni’s girl’ = SHIELDS
  Hǫgni’s girl → Hildr
  the sun and moon of HILDR → SHIELDS

  shield
  1.02. circular object of battle

• Sturl Hákkv 22^II

  man Högna
  ‘of Hǫgni’s girl’ = Hildr
  Hǫgni’s girl → Hildr

  Hildr
  2. woman of Hǫgni (C4a)

• Sturl Hákkv 24^II

  blik bauga
  ‘of the gleam of shield-bosses’ = SWORD
  the gleam of shield-bosses → SWORD

  sword
  1.2.2. light of the shield

• Sturl Hákkv 24^II

  boði elda vers
  ‘the offerers of the fires of the ocean’ = GENEROUS MEN
  the fires of the ocean → GOLD
  the offerers of the GOLD → GENEROUS MEN

  generous man
  2.7. envoy of wealth

• Sturl Hákkv 24^II

  eldr vers
  ‘of the fires of the ocean’ = GOLD
  the fires of the ocean → GOLD

  gold
  1.1.1. fire of the sea (A1)

• Sturl Hákkv 25^II

  sonr guðs
  ‘the son of god’ = Christ
  the son of God, → Christ

  Jesus Christ
  2.1. son of God

• Sturl Hákkv 25^II

  fyrirmaðr öflgrar kristni
  ‘the leading man of powerful christianity’ = William
  the leading man of powerful Christianity → William

  William of Sabina
  . lord of Christianity

• Sturl Hákkv 26^II

  gramr hörða
  ‘of the lord of the hǫrðar’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Hákon
  the lord of the Hǫrðar → NORWEGIAN KING = Hákon

  Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
  1.1. ruler of the Norwegians

• Sturl Hákkv 27^II

  hvítu ræfr hreinvers
  ‘the white roof of the reindeer-sea’ = SKY/HEAVEN
  the reindeer-sea. → EARTH
  the white roof of the EARTH → SKY/HEAVEN

  sky/heaven
  4.2. roof of the land

• Sturl Hákkv 27^II

  hreinver
  ‘of the reindeer-sea’ = EARTH
  the reindeer-sea. → EARTH

  earth, land
  1.1. sea of the deer

• Sturl Hákkv 28^II

  heilivágr allra stríða
  ‘the soothing balm of all torments’ = WINE/ALE
  the soothing balm of all torments → WINE/ALE

  alcoholic drink
  2. liquid of sorrow

• Sturl Hákkv 29^II

  vínfar
  ‘of the wine-vessel’ = CUP
  the wine-vessel → CUP

  cup, vessel
  1. ship of the drink

• Sturl Hákkv 29^II

  gómsker
  ‘the gum-skerries’ = TEETH
  the gum-skerries → TEETH

  tooth, teeth
  1.2. skerry of the gum (A1b)

• Sturl Hákkv 29^II

  hunangsbára
  ‘the honey-wave’ = MEAD
  the honey-wave → MEAD

  mead
  1.1. liquid of honey

• Sturl Hákkv 29^II

  geðknǫrr
  ‘the mind-ship’ = BREAST
  the mind-ship → BREAST

  breast, chest
  1.2. vehicle of the mind (A1a)

• Sturl Hákkv 30^II

  dróttinn seggja
  ‘the lord of men’ = KING = Hákon
  the lord of men, → KING = Hákon

  chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
  1.1. lord of people

• Sturl Hákkv 31^II

  dagr mundar
  ‘the daylight of the hand’ = GOLD
  the daylight of the hand → GOLD

  gold
  2.1. light of the arm/hand (A1)

• Sturl Hákkv 31^II

  himinn mergs
  ‘the heaven of marrow’ = ARM
  the heaven of marrow → ARM

  arm
  4.1. heaven of marrow (A1)

• Sturl Hákkv 31^II

  armsól
  ‘the arm-sun’ = GOLD
  The arm-sun → GOLD

  gold
  2.1. light of the arm/hand (A1)

• Sturl Hákkv 31^II

  stýrir jöfra
  ‘of the controller of princes’ = KING
  the controller of princes → KING

  chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
  2.2. lord of princes

• Sturl Hákkv 31^II

  grund vala
  ‘the lands of falcons’ = ARMS
  the lands of falcons → ARMS

  arm, hand
  1.1.1. land of the bird of prey (A3)

• Sturl Hákkv 32^II

  harða hrein sjóðmjǫll
  ‘the very pure purse-snow’ = SILVER
  the very pure purse-snow → SILVER

  silver
  3.2. flour of the purse

• Sturl Hákkv 32^II

  fjall boga
  ‘the bow’s mountains’ = ARMS
  the bow’s mountains → ARMS

  arm, hand
  3.1. place of the bow (A3)

• Sturl Hákkv 32^II

  brjótr bauga
  ‘of the breaker of rings’ = GENEROUS MAN
  the breaker of rings → GENEROUS MAN

  generous man
  1.02.2. breaker of rings

• Sturl Hákkv 32^II

  geigurandr gaglfárs
  ‘the swinging skis of the gosling-danger’ = ARMS
  the gosling-danger → HAWK
  the swinging skis of the HAWK → ARMS

  arm, hand
  1.2. vehicle of the bird of prey (A1a)

• Sturl Hákkv 32^II

  gaglfár
  ‘of the gosling-danger’ = HAWK
  the gosling-danger → HAWK

  hawk
  2. danger of the gosling (A3)

• Sturl Hákkv 33^II

  ferja hauka
  ‘ferries of hawks’ = ARMS
  ferries of hawks, → ARMS

  arm, hand
  1.2. vehicle of the bird of prey (A1a)

• Sturl Hákkv 33^II

  hafleygr
  ‘with ocean-flame’ = GOLD
  with ocean-flame → GOLD

  gold
  1.1.1. fire of the sea (A1)

• Sturl Hákkv 33^II

  digulskafl
  ‘crucible snowdrifts’ = SILVER
  crucible snowdrifts, → SILVER

  silver
  2.1. snow of the crucible

• Sturl Hákkv 34^II

  vǫrðr grundar
  ‘the guardian of the land’ = KING
  the guardian of the land, → KING

  chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
  5.1. guardian of the land

• Sturl Hákkv 34^II

  remmiskíð Randvers
  ‘the strong skis of Randverr’ = SHIPS
  the strong skis of Randverr. → SHIPS

  ship, boat
  2.2. ski of the sea-king

• Sturl Hákkv 35^II

  baugtungl
  ‘the shield-boss moons’ = SHIELDS
  the shield-boss moons → SHIELDS

  shield
  1.03. circular object of the shield

• Sturl Hákkv 36^II

  elding foldar ifla
  ‘the lightning of the land of the hawks’ = GOLD
  the land of the hawks → ARM
  the lightning of the ARM → GOLD

  gold
  2.1. light of the arm/hand (A1)

• Sturl Hákkv 36^II

  fold ifla
  ‘of the land of the hawks’ = ARM
  the land of the hawks → ARM

  arm, hand
  1.1.1. land of the bird of prey (A3)

• Sturl Hákkv 36^II

  hafrǫðull
  ‘the ocean-radiance’ = GOLD
  the ocean-radiance. → GOLD

  gold
  1.3. heavenly body of waters (A1)

• Sturl Hákkv 38^II

  geðsteinn
  ‘the mind-stone’ = HEART
  The mind-stone → HEART

  heart
  1.1. solid object of the mind (A1b)

• Sturl Hákkv 38^II

  ógnstórr gramr Svía
  ‘the awe-inspiring lord of the Swedes’ = SWEDISH RULER = Birgir
  the awe-inspiring lord of the Swedes → SWEDISH RULER = Birgir

  Swedish king, ruler
  . ruler of the Swedes

• Sturl Hrafn 1^II

  háleitan glymrstœrir glyggs geira
  ‘the sublime din-increaser of the storm of spears’ = WARRIOR
  the storm of spears → BATTLE
  the sublime din-increaser of the BATTLE → WARRIOR

  warrior
  2.5.1. increaser / strengthener of battle

• Sturl Hrafn 1^II

  glygg geira
  ‘of the storm of spears’ = BATTLE
  the storm of spears → BATTLE

  battle
  1.1.1.3. storm/wind of spears

• Sturl Hrafn 1^II

  jarðbelti
  ‘of the earth-belt’ = SEA
  the earth-belt → SEA

  sea
  1.1. belt of the land

• Sturl Hrafn 1^II

  gætir hásæta
  ‘of the guardian of rowing-benches’ = CAPTAIN
  the guardian of rowing-benches → CAPTAIN

  chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
  . guardian of the high-seat

• Sturl Hrafn 2^II

  øngr ótti ormvengis
  ‘no terror of the snake-meadow’ = GENEROUS MAN
  the snake-meadow → GOLD
  No terror of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

  generous man
  5. terror of gold

• Sturl Hrafn 2^II

  ormvengi
  ‘of the snake-meadow’ = GOLD
  the snake-meadow → GOLD

  gold
  3.1.1. land of the serpent (A3)

• Sturl Hrafn 2^II

  fleins flugstœrir
  ‘of a flight-increaser of the spear’ = WARRIOR
  the spear’s flight → BATTLE
  an increaser of the BATTLE → WARRIOR

  warrior
  2.5.1. increaser / strengthener of battle

• Sturl Hrafn 2^II

  fleins flug
  ‘of the spear’s flight’ = BATTLE
  the spear’s flight → BATTLE

  battle
  9.1. flight of weapons

• Sturl Hrafn 2^II

  harðr lómblekkir
  ‘the harsh deceit-destroyer’ = JUST RULER
  The harsh deceit-destroyer → JUST RULER

  chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler

• Sturl Hrafn 2^II

  herskíð hríðar
  ‘with the army-skis of the sea’ = SHIPS
  with the army-skis of the sea → SHIPS

  ship, boat
  2.1. ski of the sea

• Sturl Hrafn 3^II

  eldr ægis
  ‘the fire of the ocean’ = GOLD
  The fire of the ocean → GOLD

  gold
  1.1.1. fire of the sea (A1)

• Sturl Hrafn 3^II

  gjálfrtömðum Gestils skeiðhestr
  ‘track-horses of Gestill’ = SHIPS
  Gestill’s track → SEA
  the surge-tamed horses of the SEA → SHIPS

  ship, boat
  1.1.1.1. horse of the sea

• Sturl Hrafn 3^II

  Gestils skeið
  ‘of Gestill’s track’ = SEA
  Gestill’s track → SEA

  sea
  2.2. path of the sea-king

• Sturl Hrafn 3^II

  óþrotlig sól brimreiðar
  ‘the unceasing sun of the surf-chariot’ = SHIELD
  the surf-chariot → SHIP
  The unceasing sun of the SHIP → SHIELD

  shield
  1.01. heavenly body of the ship

• Sturl Hrafn 3^II

  brimreið
  ‘of the surf-chariot’ = SHIP
  the surf-chariot → SHIP

  ship, boat
  4.1. chariot of the sea

• Sturl Hrafn 3^II

  snotrum sigdeilir
  ‘the wise battle-distributor’ = WARRIOR
  the wise battle-distributor. → WARRIOR

  warrior
  2.5.4. ruler of battle

• Sturl Hrafn 4^II

  vegljómi brims
  ‘of the glory-flash of the surf’ = GOLD
  the glory-flash of the surf → GOLD

  gold
  1.2. gleam, shine of waters (A1)

• Sturl Hrafn 4^II

  liðföstum blóm valdrósar
  ‘the staunch leaves of the slaughter-woman’ = SHIELDS
  the slaughter-woman. → VALKYRIE
  the staunch leaves of the VALKYRIE → SHIELDS

  shield

• Sturl Hrafn 4^II

  valdrós
  ‘of the slaughter-woman’ = VALKYRIE
  the slaughter-woman. → VALKYRIE

  valkyrie
  1.3. woman of the slain (B2b)

• Sturl Hrafn 4^II

  friðskerðir hringa
  ‘of the peace-diminisher of rings’ = GENEROUS MAN
  the peace-diminisher of rings → GENEROUS MAN

  generous man
  1.10. peace-destroyer of wealth

• Sturl Hrafn 5^II

  stýrandi landa
  ‘the controller of lands’ = RULER
  The controller of lands → RULER

  chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
  5.2. lord of the land

• Sturl Hrafn 5^II

  bládúfa lögrastar
  ‘the dark doves of the water-way’ = SHIPS
  the water-way; → SEA
  the dark doves of the SEA → SHIPS

  ship, boat
  5.1. bird of the sea

• Sturl Hrafn 5^II

  lögrǫst
  ‘of the water-way’ = SEA
  the water-way; → SEA

  sea
  5.2. path of the sea

• Sturl Hrafn 5^II

  eldr álfoldar
  ‘by the fire of the eel-ground’ = GOLD
  the eel-ground → SEA
  by the fire of the SEA → GOLD

  gold
  1.1.1. fire of the sea (A1)

• Sturl Hrafn 5^II

  álfold
  ‘of the eel-ground’ = SEA
  the eel-ground → SEA

  sea
  3.1. land of the aquatic animal

• Sturl Hrafn 6^II

  fróðr gætir norðsætra
  ‘the wise protector of the northern settlements’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Hákon
  the wise protector of the northern settlements, → NORWEGIAN KING = Hákon

  Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
  2.1. guardian of Norway

• Sturl Hrafn 6^II

  herklæddan herðir böðgerðar
  ‘the war-clad strengthener of battle’ = WARRIOR
  the war-clad strengthener of battle. → WARRIOR

  warrior
  2.5.1. increaser / strengthener of battle

• Sturl Hrafn 7^II

  inn hraðmælti víðþinguðr hringa
  ‘the quick-spoken assembly-convener of swords’ = WARRIOR
  The quick-spoken assembly-convener of swords → WARRIOR

  warrior

• Sturl Hrafn 7^II

  lögskíð
  ‘the sea-skis’ = SHIPS
  the sea-skis → SHIPS

  ship, boat
  2.1. ski of the sea

• Sturl Hrafn 7^II

  alkeppnum eyðir ítrbóla dalreyðar
  ‘the very vigorous spoiler of the splendid lair of the valley-char’ = GENEROUS MAN
  the valley-char. → SNAKE
  the splendid lair of the SNAKE → GOLD
  the very vigorous spoiler of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

  generous man
  1.01.1. destroyer of gold

• Sturl Hrafn 7^II

  ítrból dalreyðar
  ‘of the splendid lair of the valley-char’ = GOLD
  the valley-char. → SNAKE
  the splendid lair of the SNAKE → GOLD

  gold
  3.1.2. lair of the serpent (A3)

• Sturl Hrafn 7^II

  dalreyðr
  ‘of the valley-char’ = SNAKE
  the valley-char. → SNAKE

  serpent, snake
  1.1. fish or whale of the land (A1b)

• Sturl Hrafn 8^II

  stórráðum stýrir brimdýra
  ‘the imperious controller of surf-animals’ = SEA-KING
  surf-animals → SHIPS
  the imperious controller of SHIPS → SEA-KING

  seafarer
  1.1.01.1. steerer of the ship

• Sturl Hrafn 8^II

  brimdýr
  ‘of surf-animals’ = SHIPS
  surf-animals → SHIPS

  ship, boat
  1.1.2. wild animal of the sea

• Sturl Hrafn 8^II

  ósvifrum ótti rándróttar
  ‘the relentless terror of the retinue of robbery’ = JUST RULER
  the relentless terror of the retinue of robbery. → JUST RULER

  chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
  4.3. terror of evildoers

• Sturl Hrafn 9^II

  geðstrangir sárs logrunnr
  ‘flame-bushes of the wound’ = WARRIORS
  the wound’s flame → SWORD
  The mind-strong bushes of the SWORD → WARRIORS

  warrior
  1.1.1. tree of the sword

• Sturl Hrafn 9^II

  sárs log
  ‘of the wound’s flame’ = SWORD
  the wound’s flame → SWORD

  sword
  1.1.04. fire of the wound

• Sturl Hrafn 9^II

  gætir vegmæta
  ‘of the keeper of glorious treasures’ = KING
  the keeper of glorious treasures → KING

  chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler

• Sturl Hrafn 9^II

  brands byrr
  ‘fair-wind reliable of the sword’ = BATTLE
  in the fair wind of the sword, → BATTLE

  battle
  1.1.1.1. storm/wind of the sword

• Sturl Hrafn 9^II

  svartklædda dynhrókr sóknar
  ‘black-coated din-cormorants of battle’ = RAVENS
  black-coated din-cormorants of battle → RAVENS

  raven
  1.2. (black or dark) bird of the battlefield (A2)

• Sturl Hrafn 10^II

  friðskerðir
  ‘of the peace-diminisher’ = WARRIOR
  the peace-diminisher → WARRIOR

  warrior
  11. destroyer of peace

• Sturl Hrafn 10^II

  guðleiðum baugnjótr
  ‘the godforsaken ring-users’ = GENEROUS MEN
  the godforsaken ring-users. → GENEROUS MEN

  generous man
  2.8. user of wealth

• Sturl Hrafn 10^II

  hjörklufðu valtafn
  ‘the sword-cloven slaughter-food’ = CORPSES
  the sword-cloven slaughter-food → CORPSES

  corpse, slain
  1.3. food of slaughter

• Sturl Hrafn 11^II

  lífgalli hallar
  ‘the life-harm of the hall’ = FIRE
  the life-harm of the hall → FIRE

  fire, flame
  1.1. harm of wood

• Sturl Hrafn 11^II

  feigir fleinþollr
  ‘doomed spear-firs’ = WARRIORS
  Doomed spear-firs → WARRIORS

  warrior
  1.1. tree of the weapon

• Sturl Hrafn 11^II

  svanteigr
  ‘of the swan-field’ = SEA
  the swan-field → SEA

  sea
  6.1. land of the aquatic bird

• Sturl Hrafn 11^II

  sæskíð
  ‘the sea-skis’ = SHIPS
  the sea-skis. → SHIPS

  ship, boat
  2.1. ski of the sea

• Sturl Hrafn 12^II

  inn böðfróði sigrmǫgnuðr bragna
  ‘the war-crafty victory-augmenter of men’ = WARRIOR = Hákon
  The war-crafty victory-augmenter of men → WARRIOR = Hákon

  warrior
  5.2. increaser / strengthener of victory

• Sturl Hrafn 12^II

  spjót-Hroptr
  ‘to the spear-Hroptar’ = WARRIORS
  to the spear-Hroptar. → WARRIORS

  warrior
  1.4.1.01. Óðinn of the weapon

• Sturl Hrafn 12^II

  þrekstærðan útverja bjórs blikrýrir
  ‘flash-diminisher of the beer of fishing-stations’ = GENEROUS MAN
  the beer of fishing-stations. → SEA
  the flash of the SEA → GOLD
  the powerful diminisher of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

  generous man
  1.03.1. diminisher of gold

• Sturl Hrafn 12^II

  útverja bjórs blik
  ‘of the flash of the beer of fishing-stations’ = GOLD
  the beer of fishing-stations. → SEA
  the flash of the SEA → GOLD

  gold
  1.2. gleam, shine of waters (A1)

• Sturl Hrafn 12^II

  útverja bjórr
  ‘of the beer of fishing-stations’ = SEA
  the beer of fishing-stations. → SEA

  sea
  5.1. land of the sea

• Sturl Hrafn 13^II

  flugskjarrir baugnjótr
  ‘the flight-shy ring-users’ = GENEROUS MEN
  The flight-shy ring-users → GENEROUS MEN

  generous man
  2.8. user of wealth

• Sturl Hrafn 13^II

  darra dynsveigir
  ‘of the swayer of the din of spears’ = WARRIOR
  the din of spears → BATTLE
  the swayer of the BATTLE → WARRIOR

  warrior

• Sturl Hrafn 13^II

  darra dynr
  ‘of the din-swayer of spears’ = BATTLE
  the din of spears → BATTLE

  battle
  2.1.2. din of spears

• Sturl Hrafn 13^II

  geirþeyr
  ‘with spear-winds’ = BATTLE
  with spear-winds. → BATTLE

  battle
  1.1.1.3. storm/wind of spears

• Sturl Hrafn 14^II

  hryggs vargfœðir
  ‘of the gloomy wolf-feeder’ = WARRIOR = Alexander
  the gloomy wolf-feeder. → WARRIOR = Alexander

  warrior
  3.2.1. feeder of the wolf

• Sturl Hrafn 14^II

  fellir lífdvalar
  ‘a slayer of life’s duration’ = DEATH
  a slayer of life’s duration → DEATH

  death
  2. slayer of life

• Sturl Hrafn 15^II

  margfréttinn framstiklir auðar
  ‘the very inquisitive dispenser of wealth’ = GENEROUS MAN
  The very inquisitive dispenser of wealth → GENEROUS MAN

  generous man
  2.3. flinger of wealth

• Sturl Hrafn 15^II

  bauglestir
  ‘of the ring-wounder’ = GENEROUS MAN
  the ring-wounder → GENEROUS MAN

  generous man
  1.01.2. destroyer of rings

• Sturl Hrafn 16^II

  herbygðum brimskíð hríðar
  ‘the troop-inhabited surf-skis of the sea’ = SHIPS
  the troop-inhabited surf-skis of the sea. → SHIPS

  ship, boat
  . overdetermined

• Sturl Hrafn 16^II

  undit grand grundar gjálfrs
  ‘the twisted harm of the land of the surge’ = STORM
  the land of the surge → SEA
  The twisted harm of the SEA → STORM

  storm, wind
  2. harm of the sea

• Sturl Hrafn 16^II

  grund gjálfrs
  ‘of the land of the surge’ = SEA
  the land of the surge → SEA

  sea
  5.1. land of the sea

• Sturl Hrafn 17^II

  inn sigrmæti blikskerðir
  ‘the victory-glorious gleam-diminisher’ = GENEROUS MAN
  The victory-glorious gleam-diminisher → GENEROUS MAN

  generous man
  1.01. destroyer of wealth

• Sturl Hrafn 17^II

  brynhríð
  ‘the byrnie-storm’ = BATTLE
  the byrnie-storm. → BATTLE

  battle
  1.2.2.2. shower of the mail-coat

• Sturl Hrafn 17^II

  dal-Gautr
  ‘of the bow-Gautar’ = WARRIORS
  the bow-Gautar → WARRIORS

  warrior
  1.4.1.01. Óðinn of the weapon

• Sturl Hrafn 18^II

  vegstórum baug-Njǫrðr
  ‘the honourable ring-Njǫrðr’ = MAN = Perus
  the honourable ring-Njǫrðr → MAN = Perus

  male, man
  2.2. god of rings

• Sturl Hrafn 18^II

  brynþing
  ‘the byrnie-assembly’ = BATTLE
  the byrnie-assembly. → BATTLE

  battle
  3.2.1. meeting of mail-coats

• Sturl Hrafn 18^II

  valgammr
  ‘the corpse-buzzards’ = RAVENS/EAGLES
  The corpse-buzzards → RAVENS/EAGLES

  raven/eagle
  1.3. bird of the corpse (A2)

• Sturl Hrafn 18^II

  fjörseldum auðstefnir
  ‘with the lifeless wealth-dispenser’ = GENEROUS MAN
  with the lifeless wealth-dispenser; → GENEROUS MAN

  generous man

• Sturl Hrafn 18^II

  hringþverrir
  ‘the ring-diminisher’ = GENEROUS MAN
  the ring-diminisher? → GENEROUS MAN

  generous man
  1.03.2. diminisher of rings

• Sturl Hrafn 19^II

  kærir Norðmæra
  ‘of the litigator of the Norðmærir’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Hákon
  the litigator of the Norðmærir → NORWEGIAN KING = Hákon

  Norwegian king, ruler, jarl

• Sturl Hrafn 19^II

  gunnvers
  ‘with battle-verses’ = BATTLE
  with battle-verses. → BATTLE

  battle
  6.13. verse of battle

• Sturl Hrafn 19^II

  gætir hásæta
  ‘of the guardian of rowing-benches’ = CAPTAIN
  the guardian of rowing-benches → CAPTAIN

  chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
  . guardian of the high-seat

• Sturl Hrafn 20^II

  rauðtún gunntjalda
  ‘the red enclosures of battle-tents’ = SHIELD-WALLS
  battle-tents → SHIELDS
  the red enclosures of SHIELDS → SHIELD-WALLS

  shield-wall
  1. fence of the shield

• Sturl Hrafn 20^II

  gunntjald
  ‘of battle-tents’ = SHIELDS
  battle-tents → SHIELDS

  shield
  2.2.1. tarpaulin of battle

• Sturl Hrafn 20^II

  brynmót
  ‘the byrnie-meeting’ = BATTLE
  the byrnie-meeting, → BATTLE

  battle
  3.2.1. meeting of mail-coats

• Sturl Hrafn 20^II

  egghríðar ský
  ‘of the cloud of the edge-storm’ = SHIELD
  the edge-storm → BATTLE
  the cloud of the BATTLE → SHIELD

  shield
  2.1.1. cloud of battle

• Sturl Hrafn 20^II

  egghríð
  ‘of the edge-storm’ = BATTLE
  the edge-storm → BATTLE

  battle
  1.2.1. shower of weapons

• Sturl Hrafn 20^II

  egghríðar ský-Þundr
  ‘cloud-Þundar of the edge-storm’ = WARRIORS
  the edge-storm → BATTLE
  the cloud of the BATTLE → SHIELD
  Þundar of the SHIELD → WARRIORS

  warrior
  1.4.1.01. Óðinn of the weapon

• Sturl Hrafn 20^II

  víglundr
  ‘from the slaughter-trees’ = WARRIORS
  from the slaughter-trees → WARRIORS

  warrior
  2.1. tree of battle

• Sturl Hryn 1^II

  hǫtuðr varrbáls
  ‘hater of the sea-flame’ = GENEROUS MAN
  the sea-flame; → GOLD
  hater of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

  generous man
  1.06. hater of wealth

• Sturl Hryn 1^II

  varrbál
  ‘of the sea-flame’ = GOLD
  the sea-flame; → GOLD

  gold
  1.1.1. fire of the sea (A1)

• Sturl Hryn 1^II

  gramr aldar
  ‘ruler of men’ = KING
  ruler of men. → KING

  chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
  1.1. lord of people

• Sturl Hryn 1^II

  stýrir kristni
  ‘the leader of christianity’ = CARDINAL
  The leader of Christianity → CARDINAL

  cardinal
  . leader of Christianity

• Sturl Hryn 1^II

  reiðivaldr ríkisvandar
  ‘swinger of the royal sceptre’ = KING
  swinger of the royal sceptre, → KING

  chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
  . swinger of the sceptre

• Sturl Hryn 2^II

  stýrir Gauta
  ‘the commander of the Gautar’ = Birgir Magnússon
  The commander of the Gautar → Birgir Magnússon

  Swedish king, ruler
  . ruler of the Swedes

• Sturl Hryn 2^II

  þollr seima
  ‘fir-tree of gold’ = MAN
  fir-tree of gold. → MAN

  male, man
  1.1. tree of gold

• Sturl Hryn 2^II

  völdugr skerðir málma
  ‘powerful diminisher of weapons’ = WARRIOR
  Powerful diminisher of weapons, → WARRIOR

  warrior
  1.7.02. destroyer of the weapon

• Sturl Hryn 3^II

  skipuðr unnviggs
  ‘commander of the wave-steed’ = KING
  the wave-steed; → SHIP
  commander of the SHIP → KING

  seafarer
  1.1.11. manner of the ship

• Sturl Hryn 3^II

  unnvigg
  ‘of the wave-steed’ = SHIP
  the wave-steed; → SHIP

  ship, boat
  1.1.1.1. horse of the sea

• Sturl Hryn 4^II

  stiklir seima
  ‘thrower of gold’ = GENEROUS RULER
  thrower of gold. → GENEROUS RULER

  generous man
  2.3.1. flinger of gold

• Sturl Hryn 4^II

  Baldr hringa
  ‘Baldr of rings’ = MAN
  Baldr of rings; → MAN

  male, man
  2.2. god of rings

• Sturl Hryn 4^II

  þengill Jóta
  ‘of the ruler of the Jótar’ = DANISH KING = Kristófór
  the ruler of the Jótar → DANISH KING = Kristófór

  Danish king, ruler, jarl
  1.1. ruler of the Danes

• Sturl Hryn 4^II

  dróttinn Nóregs
  ‘the lord of Norway’ = Hákon
  the lord of Norway. → Hákon

  Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
  1.2. ruler of Norway

• Sturl Hryn 5^II

  ættumgóðr hneitir jöfra
  ‘high-born striker of princes’ = RULER
  high-born striker of princes, → RULER

  chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
  2.5. destroyer of princes

• Sturl Hryn 5^II

  gramr Norðmanna
  ‘the ruler of the Norwegians’ = Hákon
  The ruler of the Norwegians → Hákon

  Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
  1.1. ruler of the Norwegians

• Sturl Hryn 6^II

  vǫllr lunda
  ‘the plain of puffins’ = SEA
  the plain of puffins → SEA

  sea
  6.1. land of the aquatic bird

• Sturl Hryn 8^II

  gífr sóknar
  ‘the troll-woman of battle’ = AXE
  the troll-woman of battle → AXE

  axe
  1.4. female mythical being of battle

• Sturl Hryn 8^II

  drífa fleina
  ‘the snow-storm of spears’ = BATTLE
  the snow-storm of spears; → BATTLE

  battle
  1.2.1. shower of weapons

• Sturl Hryn 8^II

  þollr frægra málma
  ‘the fir-trees of famous weapons’ = WARRIORS
  The fir-trees of famous weapons → WARRIORS

  warrior
  1.1. tree of the weapon

• Sturl Hryn 9^II

  lundr málma
  ‘of the tree of weapons’ = WARRIOR = Hákon
  the tree of weapons → WARRIOR = Hákon

  warrior
  1.1. tree of the weapon

• Sturl Hryn 9^II

  valgammr
  ‘the corpse-vulture’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
  the corpse-vulture → RAVEN/EAGLE

  raven/eagle
  1.3. bird of the corpse (A2)

• Sturl Hryn 9^II

  mót vápna
  ‘the meeting of weapons’ = BATTLE
  the meeting of weapons. → BATTLE

  battle
  3.1. meeting of weapons

• Sturl Hryn 9^II

  sjálfri ógnarbára
  ‘the very battle-wave’ = BLOOD
  the very battle-wave → BLOOD

  blood
  1.4. liquid of battle (A2)

• Sturl Hryn 10^II

  skæriligr gandr hallar
  ‘the bright wolf of the hall’ = FIRE
  the bright wolf of the hall → FIRE

  fire, flame
  2.2. wolf of wood

• Sturl Hryn 10^II

  birkisótt
  ‘the sickness of the birch-tree’ = FIRE
  The sickness of the birch-tree → FIRE

  fire, flame
  1.3. illness of the tree

• Sturl Hryn 11^II

  garmr elris
  ‘the hound of the alder-tree’ = FIRE
  The hound of the alder-tree → FIRE

  fire, flame
  2.1. dog of wood

• Sturl Hryn 11^II

  ógnarstríðr ulfr storðar
  ‘the battle-harsh wolf of the land’ = FIRE
  the battle-harsh wolf of the land → FIRE

  fire, flame
  2.2. wolf of wood

• Sturl Hryn 12^II

  æsiköldum meiðr unnar
  ‘the terribly cold tree of the wave’ = SHIP
  the terribly cold tree of the wave. → SHIP

  ship, boat
  3.1. tree of the sea

• Sturl Hryn 12^II

  lundr ógnar
  ‘tree of battle’ = WARRIOR
  tree of battle; → WARRIOR

  warrior
  2.1. tree of battle

• Sturl Hryn 13^II

  dróttinn jöfra
  ‘by a lord of princes’ = KING
  by a lord of princes. → KING

  chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
  2.2. lord of princes

• Sturl Hryn 13^II

  allir yppiþollr unnartams blakks ára
  ‘all the extolling fir-trees of the wave-tame horse of the oars’ = SEAFARERS
  the wave-tame horse of the oars → SHIP
  All the extolling fir-trees of the SHIP → SEAFARERS

  seafarer
  1.2. tree of the ship

• Sturl Hryn 13^II

  unnartams blakkr ára
  ‘of the wave-tame horse of the oars’ = SHIP
  the wave-tame horse of the oars → SHIP

  ship, boat
  1.2.1.1. horse of the ship

• Sturl Hryn 14^II

  lundr auðar
  ‘tree of wealth’ = GENEROUS MAN
  Tree of wealth, → GENEROUS MAN

  male, man
  1.2. tree of wealth

• Sturl Hryn 14^II

  gandr storðar
  ‘the wolf of the land’ = WIND
  the wolf of the land → WIND

  storm, wind
  4.1. damaging creature of the tree

• Sturl Hryn 15^II

  eldr digla
  ‘the fire of crucibles’ = GOLD
  The fire of crucibles → GOLD

  gold
  5. fire of the goldsmithing device (A1)

• Sturl Hryn 15^II

  sviptilundr logs Rínar
  ‘flinging-tree of the flame of the Rhine’ = GENEROUS MAN
  the flame of the Rhine; → GOLD
  flinging-tree of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

  generous man
  2.3.1. flinger of gold

• Sturl Hryn 15^II

  log Rínar
  ‘of the flame of the Rhine’ = GOLD
  the flame of the Rhine; → GOLD

  gold
  9.1.3. light of the Rhine (A1)

• Sturl Hryn 15^II

  fasti unnar
  ‘the fire of the wave’ = GOLD
  The fire of the wave → GOLD

  gold
  1.1.1.1. fire of the wave (A1)

• Sturl Hryn 15^II

  far Ullar
  ‘of the ship of Ullr’ = SHIELD
  the ship of Ullr → SHIELD

  shield
  13.1. ship of Ullr

• Sturl Hryn 16^II

  kundr hilmis
  ‘son of the ruler’ = Hákon
  son of the ruler, → Hákon

  chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
  2.1. descendant of a ruler

• Sturl Hryn 16^II

  vǫrðr grundar
  ‘defender of the land’ = KING
  defender of the land, → KING

  chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
  5.1. guardian of the land

• Sturl Hryn 17^II

  eldr himna
  ‘the fire of the heavens’ = SUN
  The fire of the heavens → SUN

  sun
  1.1.1. fire of sky/heaven

• Sturl Hryn 18^II

  inn víða frægi stillir egða
  ‘far-famed ruler of the egðir’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Hákon
  Far-famed ruler of the Egðir, → NORWEGIAN KING = Hákon

  Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
  1.1. ruler of the Norwegians

• Sturl Hryn 18^II

  geigurþing logs gunnar
  ‘a dangerous meeting of the flame of battle’ = BATTLE
  the flame of battle → SWORD
  a dangerous meeting of the SWORD → BATTLE

  battle
  3.1.1. meeting of swords

• Sturl Hryn 18^II

  log gunnar
  ‘of the flame of battle’ = SWORD
  the flame of battle → SWORD

  sword
  1.1.01. fire of battle

• Sturl Hryn 18^II

  dróttinn sygna
  ‘lord of the sygnir’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Hákon
  Lord of the Sygnir, → NORWEGIAN KING = Hákon

  Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
  1.1. ruler of the Norwegians

• Sturl Hryn 18^II

  gramr fyrða
  ‘ruler of men’ = KING
  ruler of men. → KING

  chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
  1.1. lord of people

• Sturl Hryn 19^II

  eldr varrar
  ‘in the fire of the sea’ = GOLD
  in the fire of the sea → GOLD

  gold
  1.1.1. fire of the sea (A1)

• Sturl Hryn 20^II

  alfr fjörnis
  ‘elf of the helmet’ = WARRIOR
  elf of the helmet, → WARRIOR

  warrior
  1.5.1. male mythical being of the helmet

• Sturl Hryn 21^II

  tínir mærðar
  ‘gatherer of glory’ = KING
  gatherer of glory. → KING

  chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
  . strengthener of glory

• Sturl Magndr 1^II

  ægr þengill jöfra
  ‘terrifying lord of princes’ = KING
  Terrifying lord of princes, → KING

  chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
  2.2. lord of princes

• Sturl Magndr 1^II

  snjallmæltr sókngœðir
  ‘wise-spoken battle-increaser’ = WARRIOR
  wise-spoken battle-increaser, → WARRIOR

  warrior
  2.5.1. increaser / strengthener of battle