Sturl Hryn 20II
Valgerður Erna Þorvaldsdóttir (ed.) 2009, ‘Sturla Þórðarson, Hrynhenda 20’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 697.
Norðr ‘north’
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1. norðr (noun n.; °-s): [Norwegians, north]
líkar ‘It pleases’
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4. líka (verb): please
þér ‘you’
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þú (pron.; °gen. þín, dat. þér, acc. þik): you
at ‘to’
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3. at (prep.): at, to
auka ‘increase’
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1. auka (verb; °eykr; jók, jóku/juku): (str. intrans.) increase
yðvart ‘your’
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yðvarr (pron.; °f. yður; pl. yðrir): your
vald ‘power’
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vald (noun n.; °-s; *-): strength, power
um ‘around’
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1. um (prep.): about, around
notes
[2] um heiminn kalda ‘around the cold world’: Greenland became a Norw. dominion in the early 1260s and Iceland in 1262. The ‘cold world’ probably refers to Greenland rather than to Iceland, and is meant to show how far and wide Hákon’s kingdom stretched.
heiminn ‘world’
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heimr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i/-; -ar): home, abode; world
notes
[2] um heiminn kalda ‘around the cold world’: Greenland became a Norw. dominion in the early 1260s and Iceland in 1262. The ‘cold world’ probably refers to Greenland rather than to Iceland, and is meant to show how far and wide Hákon’s kingdom stretched.
kalda ‘the cold’
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kaldr (adj.; °compar. -ari): cold
notes
[2] um heiminn kalda ‘around the cold world’: Greenland became a Norw. dominion in the early 1260s and Iceland in 1262. The ‘cold world’ probably refers to Greenland rather than to Iceland, and is meant to show how far and wide Hákon’s kingdom stretched.
gegnir ‘reliable’
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gegna (verb): encounter, mean
munu ‘will’
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munu (verb): will, must
því ‘that’
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því (adv.): therefore, because
fyrðar ‘men’
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2. fyrðr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -): man
fagna ‘welcome’
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fagna (verb; °-að-): welcome, rejoice
fjörnis ‘of the helmet’
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fjǫrnir (noun m.): helmet
kennings
álfr fjörnis,‘elf of the helmet, ’
= WARRIOR
elf of the helmet, → WARRIOR
álfr ‘elf’
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alfr (noun m.; °; -ar): elf
kennings
álfr fjörnis,‘elf of the helmet, ’
= WARRIOR
elf of the helmet, → WARRIOR
und ‘under’
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3. und (prep.): under, underneath
notes
[4] und leiðarstjörnu ‘under the North Star’: Hermann Pálsson (1988, 72) thought this phrase showed Sturla’s interest in geography and astrology, and that he knew that Greenland stretched far to the north.
leiðarstjörnu ‘the North Star’
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leiðarstjarna (noun f.): [North Star]
notes
[4] und leiðarstjörnu ‘under the North Star’: Hermann Pálsson (1988, 72) thought this phrase showed Sturla’s interest in geography and astrology, and that he knew that Greenland stretched far to the north.
Þengill ‘prince’
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þengill (noun m.): prince, ruler
hefr ‘has’
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hafa (verb): have
þar ‘there’
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þar (adv.): there
annarr ‘other’
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1. annarr (pron.; °f. ǫnnur, n. annat; pl. aðrir): (an)other, second
engi ‘No’
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2. engi (pron.): no, none
allvaldr ‘mighty ruler’
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allvaldr (noun m.; °-s; -ar): mighty ruler
en ‘but’
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2. en (conj.): but, and
þú ‘you’
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þú (pron.; °gen. þín, dat. þér, acc. þik): you
ríki ‘power’
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ríki (noun n.; °-s; -): kingdom, power
haldit ‘held’
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halda (verb): hold, keep
lengra ‘further’
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lengra (adv.): longer, further
notes
[7] reiða ‘spread’: The verb is used in the meaning ‘spread’ or ‘talk about’: ‘people will talk about your glory’.
þjóðir ‘people’
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þjóð (noun f.; °-ar, dat. -/-u; -ir): people
þangat ‘in that direction’
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þangat (adv.): there, thither
þína ‘your’
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þinn (pron.; °f. þín, n. þitt): your
dýrð ‘glory’
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dýrð (noun f.; °-ar/-a(NoDipl(1279) 44²); -ir): glory
en ‘than’
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4. en (conj.): than
röðull ‘the sun’
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rǫðull (noun m.; °dat. rǫðli): heavenly body
skíni ‘shines’
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skína (verb): shine
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
It pleases you to increase your power, elf of the helmet [WARRIOR], around the cold world, all the way north under the North Star; reliable men will welcome that. No other prince but you, mighty ruler, has held power there; people will spread your glory in that direction further than the sun shines.
The praise reaches its climax in the last two sts by describing the extent of Hákon’s domain. King Hákon added Greenland and Iceland to his kingdom in the 1260s, expanding the Norw. state even further to the north-west.
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