Sturl Hryn 9II
Valgerður Erna Þorvaldsdóttir (ed.) 2009, ‘Sturla Þórðarson, Hrynhenda 9’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 685-6.
Styrkir ‘Strong’
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2. styrkr (adj.): powerful, strong
gengu ‘marched’
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2. ganga (verb; geng, gekk, gengu, genginn): walk, go
[1] gengu: óðu 304ˣ
menn ‘men’
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maðr (noun m.): man, person
und ‘beneath’
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3. und (prep.): under, underneath
merkjum ‘the banners’
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1. merki (noun n.; °-s: -): banner, sign
málma ‘of weapons’
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malmr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): metal
kennings
lunds málma‘of the tree of weapons ’
= WARRIOR = Hákon
the tree of weapons → WARRIOR = Hákon
lunds ‘of the tree’
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1. lundr (noun m.; °-ar, dat. -i/-; -ar): grove, tree
kennings
lunds málma‘of the tree of weapons ’
= WARRIOR = Hákon
the tree of weapons → WARRIOR = Hákon
á ‘on’
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3. á (prep.): on, at
víðri ‘the wide’
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víðr (adj.): far
grundu ‘plain’
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grund (noun f.): earth, land
val ‘the corpse’
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1. valr (noun m.; °dat. -i; -ir): corpse, the slain < valgammr (noun m.): corpse-buzzard
kennings
valgammr‘the corpse-vulture ’
= RAVEN/EAGLE
the corpse-vulture → RAVEN/EAGLE
gammr ‘vulture’
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gammr (noun m.): vulture < valgammr (noun m.): corpse-buzzard
kennings
valgammr‘the corpse-vulture ’
= RAVEN/EAGLE
the corpse-vulture → RAVEN/EAGLE
sleit ‘tore’
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slíta (verb): to tear
vápna ‘of weapons’
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vápn (noun n.; °-s; -): weapon
kennings
móti vápna.‘the meeting of weapons. ’
= BATTLE
the meeting of weapons. → BATTLE
kennings
móti vápna.‘the meeting of weapons. ’
= BATTLE
the meeting of weapons. → BATTLE
varma ‘the warm’
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varmr (adj.; °compar. -ari): warm
bráð ‘flesh’
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1. bráð (noun f.): meat
notes
[4] af ráði þínu ‘according to your plan’: Finnur Jónsson and Kock (Skj; Skald) chose the reading of E, Flat at ráði þínu ‘at your advice’, but Konráð Gíslason (1895-7, I, 73) preferred the reading of F, 81a and 304ˣ, af. At in E and Flat could have been caused by at in the previous l.
þínu ‘your’
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þinn (pron.; °f. þín, n. þitt): your
notes
[4] af ráði þínu ‘according to your plan’: Finnur Jónsson and Kock (Skj; Skald) chose the reading of E, Flat at ráði þínu ‘at your advice’, but Konráð Gíslason (1895-7, I, 73) preferred the reading of F, 81a and 304ˣ, af. At in E and Flat could have been caused by at in the previous l.
ráði ‘plan’
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ráð (noun n.; °-s; -): advice, plan, control, power
notes
[4] af ráði þínu ‘according to your plan’: Finnur Jónsson and Kock (Skj; Skald) chose the reading of E, Flat at ráði þínu ‘at your advice’, but Konráð Gíslason (1895-7, I, 73) preferred the reading of F, 81a and 304ˣ, af. At in E and Flat could have been caused by at in the previous l.
kennings
sjálfri ógnarbáru‘the very battle-wave ’
= BLOOD
the very battle-wave → BLOOD
örn ‘The eagle’
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1. ǫrn (noun m.; °arnar, dat. erni; ernir, acc. ǫrnu): eagle
[5] örn: um E
við ‘with’
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2. við (prep.): with, against
úlfa ‘the wolves’
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1. ulfr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): wolf
ógnar ‘battle’
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ógn (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): terror, battle < ógnarbára (noun f.): [battle-wave]
kennings
sjálfri ógnarbáru‘the very battle-wave ’
= BLOOD
the very battle-wave → BLOOD
báru ‘wave’
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1. bára (noun f.; °-u; -ur): wave < ógnarbára (noun f.): [battle-wave]
kennings
sjálfri ógnarbáru‘the very battle-wave ’
= BLOOD
the very battle-wave → BLOOD
höfuð ‘from the head’
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hǫfuð (noun n.; °-s; -): head < hǫfuðsár (noun n.)
[6] höfuð‑: höfuðs 304ˣ
sára ‘wounds’
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2. sár (noun n.; °-s; -): wound < hǫfuðsár (noun n.)
notes
[7] gyldir (m. nom. sg.) ‘wolf’: This lit. means ‘howler’.
stóð ‘stood’
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standa (verb): stand
yfir ‘over’
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yfir (prep.): over
greypra ‘of cruel’
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greypr (adj.; °compar. -ari): cruel
[7] greypra: so all others, grimra F
notes
[7] greypra (m. gen. pl.) ‘of cruel’: So E, 81a, 304ˣ, Flat. This reading was adopted in Skj B and Skald. Konráð Gíslason (1895-7, I, 73) chose the F variant, grimra, which is not supported by the other ms. witnesses.
hölda ‘warriors’
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hǫlðr (noun m.; °-s; -ar): man
grimrar ‘of the fierce’
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grímr (noun m.; °; -ar): Grímr; fierce
[8] grimrar: so E, 304ˣ, Flat, greyprar F, grimma 81a
notes
[8] grimrar (f. gen. sg.) ‘of the fierce’: So E, 304ˣ, Flat (81a has grimma). So also Skj B and Skald. Konráð Gíslason (1895-7, I, 73) again adopted the reading of F, greyprar f. gen. sg. ‘cruel’, but it looks as though the scribe of F switched around the two adjectives in ll. 7 and 8.
meginblóði ‘the life-blood’
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meginblóð (noun n.): [life-blood]
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
Strong men marched beneath the banners of the tree of weapons [WARRIOR = Hákon] on the wide plain according to your plan; the corpse-vulture [RAVEN/EAGLE] tore the warm flesh at the meeting of weapons [BATTLE]. The eagle shared with the wolves the very battle-wave [BLOOD] from the head-wounds of the fierce people; the wolf stood over the life-blood of cruel warriors.
As st. 8 above.
Sturla draws a vivid picture of the battlefield. The vultures, ravens, eagles and wolves are shown gleefully feasting on the dead and wounded warriors. This is the only st. in Hryn describing the battlefield, or rather the aftermath of the battle. Nothing is said of King Hákon’s valour or deeds during the fighting.
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