Sturl Hryn 10II
Valgerður Erna Þorvaldsdóttir (ed.) 2009, ‘Sturla Þórðarson, Hrynhenda 10’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 686-7.
Hæstan ‘the highest’
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hœgri (adj. comp.): higher, highest
[1] Hæstan: Hæstum E, 81a, 304ˣ
hirðmenn ‘retainers’
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hirðmaðr (noun m.): retainer
heitan ‘hot’
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heitr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): hot, ardent
eld ‘fire’
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eldr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i/-(HómÍsl¹(1993) 24v²⁴); -ar): fire
[2] eld: eldi 81a
Danaveldi ‘the realm of the Danes’
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danaveldi (noun n.): realm of the Danes
notes
[2] -veldi ‘realm’: Ms. 8 resumes here.
kennings
skæriligr gandr hallar‘the bright wolf of the hall ’
= FIRE
the bright wolf of the hall → FIRE
ligr ‘the bright’
(not checked:)
-ligr (adj.): -ly < skæriligr (adj.)
kennings
skæriligr gandr hallar‘the bright wolf of the hall ’
= FIRE
the bright wolf of the hall → FIRE
gekk ‘leapt’
(not checked:)
2. ganga (verb; geng, gekk, gengu, genginn): walk, go
húsum ‘than the houses’
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hús (noun n.; °-s; -): house
hæri ‘higher’
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3. hár (adj.; °-van; compar. hǽrri, superl. hǽstr): high
[3] hæri: hæra E, 81a
hallar ‘of the hall’
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1. hǫll (noun f.; °hallar, dat. -u/-; hallir): hall
kennings
skæriligr gandr hallar‘the bright wolf of the hall ’
= FIRE
the bright wolf of the hall → FIRE
gandr ‘wolf’
(not checked:)
gandr (noun m.; °-s; dat. *-um): wolf, magic staff
kennings
skæriligr gandr hallar‘the bright wolf of the hall ’
= FIRE
the bright wolf of the hall → FIRE
notes
[4] gandr (m.) ‘wolf’: The exact meaning of the word is not clear, but gandr must mean ‘wolf’ here. It can mean, among other things, ‘staff’, ‘stick’ or ‘stake’, ‘magic wand’ or ‘the ride of witches and sorcerers’ or ‘witchcraft’, ‘wolf’ or ‘horse’. See Note to Sturl Hákkv 20/5.
á ‘on’
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3. á (prep.): on, at
sviðnu ‘the scorched’
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sviðna (verb): scorch
landi ‘land’
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land (noun n.; °-s; *-): land
Víða ‘far and wide’
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1. víða (adv.): widely
fór ‘went’
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fara (verb; ferr, fór, fóru, farinn): go, travel
um ‘through’
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1. um (prep.): about, around
búkarls ‘of the farmer’
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búkarl (noun m.; °; -ar): farmer
[5] búkarls: so all others, ‘bukars’ F
birki ‘of the birch-tree’
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birki (noun n.): birch- < birkisótt (noun f.): sickness of birch-tree
kennings
Birkisótt‘The sickness of the birch-tree ’
= FIRE
The sickness of the birch-tree → FIRE
sótt ‘The sickness’
(not checked:)
sótt (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): illness < birkisótt (noun f.): sickness of birch-tree
kennings
Birkisótt‘The sickness of the birch-tree ’
= FIRE
The sickness of the birch-tree → FIRE
en ‘but’
(not checked:)
2. en (conj.): but, and
notes
[6-8] en hræddar dróttir runnu til skógar; bragnar eyddu land brunnit slegnu báli ‘but the frightened people fled to the wood; men devastated the land burnt by the kindled fire’: So E, 81a, 8, Flat. There may be a trace of sympathy for the people of Halland here. Sturla himself knew the horrors of fire, his daughter Ingibjörg having narrowly escaped when the farm at Flugumýri was burned down in 1253 (Stu 1988, II, 635-42). The F variant gives the following reading: en hræddar dróttir runnu brunnit land til skógar, margir bragnar slegnir báli ‘but the frightened people fled over the burnt land to the wood, many men struck by fire’. That reading is also possible, but not warranted by the other ms. witnesses.
hræddar ‘the frightened’
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1. hræddr (adj.): afraid
[6] hræddar: brendar E, 81a, Flat, ‘hræddnar’ 8
notes
[6-8] en hræddar dróttir runnu til skógar; bragnar eyddu land brunnit slegnu báli ‘but the frightened people fled to the wood; men devastated the land burnt by the kindled fire’: So E, 81a, 8, Flat. There may be a trace of sympathy for the people of Halland here. Sturla himself knew the horrors of fire, his daughter Ingibjörg having narrowly escaped when the farm at Flugumýri was burned down in 1253 (Stu 1988, II, 635-42). The F variant gives the following reading: en hræddar dróttir runnu brunnit land til skógar, margir bragnar slegnir báli ‘but the frightened people fled over the burnt land to the wood, many men struck by fire’. That reading is also possible, but not warranted by the other ms. witnesses.
notes
[6-8] en hræddar dróttir runnu til skógar; bragnar eyddu land brunnit slegnu báli ‘but the frightened people fled to the wood; men devastated the land burnt by the kindled fire’: So E, 81a, 8, Flat. There may be a trace of sympathy for the people of Halland here. Sturla himself knew the horrors of fire, his daughter Ingibjörg having narrowly escaped when the farm at Flugumýri was burned down in 1253 (Stu 1988, II, 635-42). The F variant gives the following reading: en hræddar dróttir runnu brunnit land til skógar, margir bragnar slegnir báli ‘but the frightened people fled over the burnt land to the wood, many men struck by fire’. That reading is also possible, but not warranted by the other ms. witnesses.
notes
[6-8] en hræddar dróttir runnu til skógar; bragnar eyddu land brunnit slegnu báli ‘but the frightened people fled to the wood; men devastated the land burnt by the kindled fire’: So E, 81a, 8, Flat. There may be a trace of sympathy for the people of Halland here. Sturla himself knew the horrors of fire, his daughter Ingibjörg having narrowly escaped when the farm at Flugumýri was burned down in 1253 (Stu 1988, II, 635-42). The F variant gives the following reading: en hræddar dróttir runnu brunnit land til skógar, margir bragnar slegnir báli ‘but the frightened people fled over the burnt land to the wood, many men struck by fire’. That reading is also possible, but not warranted by the other ms. witnesses.
notes
[6-8] en hræddar dróttir runnu til skógar; bragnar eyddu land brunnit slegnu báli ‘but the frightened people fled to the wood; men devastated the land burnt by the kindled fire’: So E, 81a, 8, Flat. There may be a trace of sympathy for the people of Halland here. Sturla himself knew the horrors of fire, his daughter Ingibjörg having narrowly escaped when the farm at Flugumýri was burned down in 1253 (Stu 1988, II, 635-42). The F variant gives the following reading: en hræddar dróttir runnu brunnit land til skógar, margir bragnar slegnir báli ‘but the frightened people fled over the burnt land to the wood, many men struck by fire’. That reading is also possible, but not warranted by the other ms. witnesses.
báli ‘fire’
(not checked:)
bál (noun n.; °-s; -): fire
notes
[6-8] en hræddar dróttir runnu til skógar; bragnar eyddu land brunnit slegnu báli ‘but the frightened people fled to the wood; men devastated the land burnt by the kindled fire’: So E, 81a, 8, Flat. There may be a trace of sympathy for the people of Halland here. Sturla himself knew the horrors of fire, his daughter Ingibjörg having narrowly escaped when the farm at Flugumýri was burned down in 1253 (Stu 1988, II, 635-42). The F variant gives the following reading: en hræddar dróttir runnu brunnit land til skógar, margir bragnar slegnir báli ‘but the frightened people fled over the burnt land to the wood, many men struck by fire’. That reading is also possible, but not warranted by the other ms. witnesses.
slegnu ‘by the kindled’
(not checked:)
2. slá (verb): strike, cut
[7] slegnu: so all others, slegnir F
notes
[6-8] en hræddar dróttir runnu til skógar; bragnar eyddu land brunnit slegnu báli ‘but the frightened people fled to the wood; men devastated the land burnt by the kindled fire’: So E, 81a, 8, Flat. There may be a trace of sympathy for the people of Halland here. Sturla himself knew the horrors of fire, his daughter Ingibjörg having narrowly escaped when the farm at Flugumýri was burned down in 1253 (Stu 1988, II, 635-42). The F variant gives the following reading: en hræddar dróttir runnu brunnit land til skógar, margir bragnar slegnir báli ‘but the frightened people fled over the burnt land to the wood, many men struck by fire’. That reading is also possible, but not warranted by the other ms. witnesses.
brunnit ‘burnt’
(not checked:)
2. brenna (verb; °brennr/brenn; brann, brunnu; brunninn): (strong, intransitive)
notes
[6-8] en hræddar dróttir runnu til skógar; bragnar eyddu land brunnit slegnu báli ‘but the frightened people fled to the wood; men devastated the land burnt by the kindled fire’: So E, 81a, 8, Flat. There may be a trace of sympathy for the people of Halland here. Sturla himself knew the horrors of fire, his daughter Ingibjörg having narrowly escaped when the farm at Flugumýri was burned down in 1253 (Stu 1988, II, 635-42). The F variant gives the following reading: en hræddar dróttir runnu brunnit land til skógar, margir bragnar slegnir báli ‘but the frightened people fled over the burnt land to the wood, many men struck by fire’. That reading is also possible, but not warranted by the other ms. witnesses.
land ‘the land’
(not checked:)
land (noun n.; °-s; *-): land
notes
[6-8] en hræddar dróttir runnu til skógar; bragnar eyddu land brunnit slegnu báli ‘but the frightened people fled to the wood; men devastated the land burnt by the kindled fire’: So E, 81a, 8, Flat. There may be a trace of sympathy for the people of Halland here. Sturla himself knew the horrors of fire, his daughter Ingibjörg having narrowly escaped when the farm at Flugumýri was burned down in 1253 (Stu 1988, II, 635-42). The F variant gives the following reading: en hræddar dróttir runnu brunnit land til skógar, margir bragnar slegnir báli ‘but the frightened people fled over the burnt land to the wood, many men struck by fire’. That reading is also possible, but not warranted by the other ms. witnesses.
til ‘to’
(not checked:)
til (prep.): to
notes
[6-8] en hræddar dróttir runnu til skógar; bragnar eyddu land brunnit slegnu báli ‘but the frightened people fled to the wood; men devastated the land burnt by the kindled fire’: So E, 81a, 8, Flat. There may be a trace of sympathy for the people of Halland here. Sturla himself knew the horrors of fire, his daughter Ingibjörg having narrowly escaped when the farm at Flugumýri was burned down in 1253 (Stu 1988, II, 635-42). The F variant gives the following reading: en hræddar dróttir runnu brunnit land til skógar, margir bragnar slegnir báli ‘but the frightened people fled over the burnt land to the wood, many men struck by fire’. That reading is also possible, but not warranted by the other ms. witnesses.
skógar ‘the wood’
(not checked:)
skógr (noun m.; °-ar/-s, dat. -i; -ar): forest
notes
[6-8] en hræddar dróttir runnu til skógar; bragnar eyddu land brunnit slegnu báli ‘but the frightened people fled to the wood; men devastated the land burnt by the kindled fire’: So E, 81a, 8, Flat. There may be a trace of sympathy for the people of Halland here. Sturla himself knew the horrors of fire, his daughter Ingibjörg having narrowly escaped when the farm at Flugumýri was burned down in 1253 (Stu 1988, II, 635-42). The F variant gives the following reading: en hræddar dróttir runnu brunnit land til skógar, margir bragnar slegnir báli ‘but the frightened people fled over the burnt land to the wood, many men struck by fire’. That reading is also possible, but not warranted by the other ms. witnesses.
runnu ‘fled’
(not checked:)
2. renna (verb): run (strong)
notes
[6-8] en hræddar dróttir runnu til skógar; bragnar eyddu land brunnit slegnu báli ‘but the frightened people fled to the wood; men devastated the land burnt by the kindled fire’: So E, 81a, 8, Flat. There may be a trace of sympathy for the people of Halland here. Sturla himself knew the horrors of fire, his daughter Ingibjörg having narrowly escaped when the farm at Flugumýri was burned down in 1253 (Stu 1988, II, 635-42). The F variant gives the following reading: en hræddar dróttir runnu brunnit land til skógar, margir bragnar slegnir báli ‘but the frightened people fled over the burnt land to the wood, many men struck by fire’. That reading is also possible, but not warranted by the other ms. witnesses.
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
The trusty retainers kindled the highest hot fire in the realm of the Danes; the bright wolf of the hall [FIRE] leapt higher than the houses on the scorched land. The sickness of the birch-tree [FIRE] went far and wide through the dwellings of the farmer, but the frightened people fled to the wood; men devastated the land burnt by the kindled fire.
Sturla continues to describe the warfare in Halland and how the troops burned down the Dan. settlements all the way south to the river Ätran, driving the inhabitants away.
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