Sturla Þórðarson, Hákonarflokkr 4

Kari Ellen Gade

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Sturl Hákfl 4^II

Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2009, ‘Sturla Þórðarson, Hákonarflokkr 4’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 748-9.

Sturla Þórðarson Hákonarflokkr

3 4 5

Eim ‘fire’

(not checked:)
eimr (noun m.): fire, smoke

[1] Eim: so F, Flat, Ein‑ E, En 42ˣ, Arm 81a

notes

[1] eim ‘fire’: Eimr could also mean ‘smoke’ (e.g. Anon Pét 3/8^VII), but that meaning is rarer in skaldic poetry (and unattested in kennings, see LP: eimr).

lék ‘played on’

(not checked:)
3. leika (verb): play

[1] lék: so F, 42ˣ, ‘‑leg’ E, legg 81a, leggr Flat

notes

[1] lék ‘played on’: Leika (lék 3rd pers. sg. pret. indic.) is taken in the meaning ‘play on’ construed with an object in the acc. (eim ‘fire’). See Fritzner: leika 5-6. The verb also occurs with an acc. object in the sense ‘attack’ (see Fritzner: leika 1).

hyrr ‘Fire’

(not checked:)
hyrr (noun m.): fire

[1] hyrr með: ‘hyrmir’ 81a

með ‘against’

(not checked:)
með (prep.): with

[1] hyrr með: ‘hyrmir’ 81a

himni ‘the sky’

(not checked:)
himinn (noun m.; °himins, dat. himni; himnar): heaven, sky

[1] himni: so all others, ‘hifni’ E

[3] þóttu: þótti Flat

þeim ‘those’

(not checked:)
1. sá (pron.; °gen. þess, dat. þeim, acc. þann; f. sú, gen. þeirrar, acc. þá; n. þat, dat. því; pl. m. þeir, f. þǽ---): that (one), those

markar ‘of the forest’

(not checked:)
2. mǫrk (noun f.; °merkr; merkr): forest

kennings

böl markar
‘the harm of the forest ’
= FIRE
the harm of the forest → FIRE

notes

[4] böl markar ‘the harm of the forest [FIRE]’: N. acc. sg. here, with the past inf. þóttu lit. ‘seemed’ (l. 3).

böl ‘the harm’

(not checked:)
bǫl (noun n.; °-s, dat. bǫlvi): evil

[4] böl: kjöl 81a

kennings

böl markar
‘the harm of the forest ’
= FIRE
the harm of the forest → FIRE

notes

[4] böl markar ‘the harm of the forest [FIRE]’: N. acc. sg. here, with the past inf. þóttu lit. ‘seemed’ (l. 3).

sveima ‘was surging’

(not checked:)
sveima (verb): surge

Óðuz ‘feared’

(not checked:)
vaða (verb): advance, wade

[5] Óðuz: so F, eydduz E, Flat, eyðiz 42ˣ, eyðuz 81a

allar ‘All’

(not checked:)
allr (adj.): all

notes

[5] allar þjóðir ‘all people’: Lit. ‘all peoples’ (pl.).

þjóðir ‘people’

(not checked:)
þjóð (noun f.; °-ar, dat. -/-u; -ir): people

notes

[5] allar þjóðir ‘all people’: Lit. ‘all peoples’ (pl.).

eið ‘the reliable’

(not checked:)
eið (noun n.; °-s; -): ?oath/headland < eiðvandr (adj.)

kennings

eiðvandr baugsendir
‘the reliable ring-giver ’
= GENEROUS MAN
the reliable ring-giver → GENEROUS MAN

notes

[6] eiðvandr (m. nom. sg.) ‘reliable’: Lit. ‘oath-careful’. Skald (and NN §3153) emends to eiðvands (m. gen. sg.) qualifying konungs ‘of the king’.

vandr ‘’

(not checked:)
vandr (adj.): difficult < eiðvandr (adj.)

[6] ‑vandr: ‑vandir 81a, ‑valdr Flat

kennings

eiðvandr baugsendir
‘the reliable ring-giver ’
= GENEROUS MAN
the reliable ring-giver → GENEROUS MAN

notes

[6] eiðvandr (m. nom. sg.) ‘reliable’: Lit. ‘oath-careful’. Skald (and NN §3153) emends to eiðvands (m. gen. sg.) qualifying konungs ‘of the king’.

konungs ‘of the king’

(not checked:)
konungr (noun m.; °dat. -i, -s; -ar): king

[6] konungs: konungr 42ˣ, Flat

reiði ‘the wrath’

(not checked:)
2. reiði (noun f.; °-): anger

baug ‘ring’

(not checked:)
baugr (noun m.; °dat. -i/-; -ar): ring < baugsendir (noun m.)

[7] baug‑: ‘bꜹð‑’ 42ˣ, hauk‑ 81a

kennings

eiðvandr baugsendir
‘the reliable ring-giver ’
= GENEROUS MAN
the reliable ring-giver → GENEROUS MAN

sendir ‘giver’

(not checked:)
sendir (noun m.): sender, distributor < baugsendir (noun m.)

kennings

eiðvandr baugsendir
‘the reliable ring-giver ’
= GENEROUS MAN
the reliable ring-giver → GENEROUS MAN

rauð ‘reddened’

(not checked:)
rjóða (verb): to redden

[7] rauð: hrauð 81a

brýndan ‘the sharpened’

(not checked:)
brýna (verb; °-nd-): sharpen, whet

brand ‘sword’

(not checked:)
brandr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): sword, prow; fire

í ‘in’

(not checked:)
í (prep.): in, into

Vermalandi ‘Värmland’

(not checked:)
Vermaland (noun n.): [Värmland]

Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses

verse
prose

Hákon’s punitive campaign in Värmland, Sweden, in 1225. He was on his way back to Norway when he encountered resistance in Sulvik, and in retaliation he burned that settlement to the ground.

For this campaign, see also Sturl Hákkv 7-8 and Ólhv Hák 1. — [3-4]: These ll. echo Bkrepp Magndr 3/3-4.

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Sturl Hákfl 4II

Eim ‘fire’

notes

lék ‘played on’

notes

hyrr ‘Fire’

með ‘against’

himni ‘the sky’

hljóp ‘leaped’

eldr ‘the flame’

í ‘into’

sal ‘hall’

feldan ‘the collapsed’

vítt ‘far and wide’

hykk ‘I believe’

þegnum ‘men’

þóttu ‘thought’

þeim ‘those’

markar ‘of the forest’

kennings

notes

böl ‘the harm’

kennings

notes

sveima ‘was surging’

Óðuz ‘feared’

allar ‘All’

notes

þjóðir ‘people’

notes

eið ‘the reliable’

kennings

notes

vandr ‘’

kennings

notes

konungs ‘of the king’

reiði ‘the wrath’

baug ‘ring’

kennings

sendir ‘giver’

kennings

rauð ‘reddened’

brýndan ‘the sharpened’

brand ‘sword’

í ‘in’

Vermalandi ‘Värmland’

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Sturl Hákfl 4^II