einn beitir bráðra sóta barðs
‘a certain steerer of the swift steeds of the prow’ = SEAFARER
the swift steeds of the prow, → SHIPS
a certain steerer of SHIPS → SEAFARER
árr unnblakks
‘the messenger of the wave-horse’ = SEAFARER
the wave-horse → SHIP
the messenger of the SHIP → SEAFARER
fróðum beitir byrstóðs
‘the wise steerer of the wind-horse’ = SEAFARER
the wind-horse. → SHIP
the wise steerer of the SHIP → SEAFARER
heiðnum runnr hlunndýrs
‘the heathen tree of the animal of the launching-roller’ = SEAFARER
the animal of the launching-roller; → SHIP
the heathen tree of the SHIP → SEAFARER
nenninn borðs* søkkmeiðr
‘jewel-tree of the gunwale’ = SEAFARER
the jewel of the gunwale → SHIELD
the brave tree of the SHIELD → SEAFARER
hraustr árr stýris
‘the strong messenger of the rudder’ = SEAFARER
The strong messenger of the rudder, → SEAFARER
Þvinnils víðrar foldar vigg-Baldr
‘horse-Baldr of the wide land of Þvinnill’ = SEAFARER
the wide land of Þvinnill → SEA
the horse of the SEA → SHIP
the Baldr of the SHIP → SEAFARER
beitir skíða Byrfils
‘the steerer of the skis of Byrfill’ = SEAFARER
the skis of Byrfill. → SHIPS
the steerer of SHIPS → SEAFARER
grundar Gylfa glaðríðandi
‘the horse-rider of the ground of Gylfi’ = SEAFARER
the ground of Gylfi; → SEA
the horse of the SEA → SHIP
the rider of the SHIP → SEAFARER
værr sunds viggfinnandi
‘the sound’s horse-provider’ = SEAFARER
the horse of the sound → SHIP
The peace-loving provider of the SHIP → SEAFARER
útbeitir skíðs Áta
‘the steerer of the ski of Áti’ = SEAFARER
the ski of Áti, → SHIP
the steerer of the SHIP → SEAFARER
beiðir skrautvals skokks
‘the demander of the adornment-horse of the deck-plank’ = SEAFARER
the adornment-horse of the deck-plank. → SHIP
the demander of the SHIP → SEAFARER
Vinnils viggþollr
‘the horse-tree of Vinnill’ = SEAFARER
the horse of Vinnill → SHIP
the tree of the SHIP → SEAFARER
víðis fákríðandi
‘horse-rider of the ocean’ = SEAFARER
the horse of the ocean → SHIP
the rider of the SHIP → SEAFARER
brims blakkrennandi
‘horse-driver of the surf’ = SEAFARER
the horse of the surf → SHIP
The driver of the SHIP → SEAFARER
lundr lungs
‘of the tree of the ship’ = SEAFARER
the tree of the ship → SEAFARER
ýtir kapla brimis
‘launcher of the horses of the sea’ = SEAFARER
the horses of the sea. → SHIPS
launcher of SHIPS → SEAFARER
árr unnfress
‘the messenger of the wave-bear’ = SEAFARER
the wave-bear → SHIP
the messenger of the SHIP → SEAFARER
unnar elg-Þróttr
‘the elk-Þróttr of the wave’ = SEAFARER
the elk of the wave → SHIP
the Þróttr of the SHIP → SEAFARER
þreytir drasils hranna
‘the tester of the steed of waves’ = SEAFARER
the steed of waves → SHIP
the tester of the SHIP → SEAFARER
sendir lǫgskíðs
‘of the sender of the sea-ski’ = SEAFARER
the sea-ski → SHIP
the sender of the SHIP → SEAFARER
unnar skíðrennandi
‘ski-runner of the wave’ = SEAFARER
the ski of the wave → SHIP
The runner of the SHIP → SEAFARER
þeima Reifnis rauknstefnandi
‘to that ox-driver of Reifnir’ = SEAFARER
the ox of Reifnir → SHIP
to that driver of the SHIP → SEAFARER
gæti-Njǫrðr hlunnviggs
‘protecting-Njǫrðr of the roller-horse’ = SEAFARER
the roller-horse, → SHIP
protecting-Njǫrðr of the SHIP → SEAFARER
árr unnviggs
‘the messenger of the wave-steed’ = SEAFARER = Þorleifr skúma
the wave-steed → SHIP
the messenger of the SHIP → SEAFARER = Þorleifr skúma
valdr viggja eybaugs
‘ruler of steeds of the island-ring’ = SEAFARER
the island-ring; → SEA
steeds of the SEA → SHIPS
ruler of SHIPS → SEAFARER
meðaldyggvan byggvingr skíðs bulka
‘the middling-valiant inhabiter of the ski of cargo’ = SEAFARER
the ski of cargo → SHIP
the middling-valiant inhabiter of the SHIP → SEAFARER
alls engr ísheims jóskreytandi
‘horse-adorner of the ice-world’ = SEAFARER
the ice-world → SEA
the horse of the SEA → SHIP
Not a single adorner of the SHIP → SEAFARER
ungr eyktemjandi ǫldu
‘horse-tamer of the wave’ = SEAFARER
the horse of the wave → SHIP
A young tamer of the SHIP → SEAFARER
allreiðr vandar Valsendir
‘Valr-sender of the mast’ = SEAFARER = Hákon
the Valr of the mast → SHIP
the utterly enraged sender of the SHIP → SEAFARER = Hákon
þenna sendir þilblakks
‘this launcher of the plank-horse’ = SEAFARER = Óláfr
the plank-horse → SHIP
this launcher of the SHIP → SEAFARER = Óláfr
hljótr hásætrs
‘the receiver of the rowing-bench’ = SEAFARER
the receiver of the rowing-bench → SEAFARER
reyðar rannskíðs rennir
‘propeller of the house-ski of the rorqual’ = SEAFARER
the house of the rorqual, → SEA
the ski of the SEA → SHIP
the propeller of the SHIP → SEAFARER
húfa skíð-Baldr
‘plank-Baldr of hulls’ = SEAFARER
the plank of hulls → SHIPS
The Baldr of SHIPS → SEAFARER
snarmeiðr sóta súða
‘the bold tree of the horse of planking’ = SEAFARER
the horse of planking → SHIP
the bold tree of the SHIP → SEAFARER
Freyr faxa fjarðar
‘The Freyr of the maned one of the fjord’ = SEAFARER
the maned one of the fjord → SHIP
The Freyr of the SHIP → SEAFARER
byggvir byrviggs
‘of the inhabitant of the wind-horse’ = SEAFARER
the wind-horse → SHIP
the inhabitant of the SHIP → SEAFARER
byrjar blakkþollr gieðrakkr
‘horse-tree of the wind’ = SEAFARER
the horse of the wind → SHIP
the mind-bold tree of the SHIP → SEAFARER
kænum keyrir kafþjórs
‘to the skilful driver of the ox of the deep’ = SEAFARER
the ox of the deep → SHIP
to the skilful driver of the SHIP → SEAFARER
íðvandr hrœrir skíðs lagar
‘meticulous mover of the ski of the sea’ = SEAFARER
the ski of the sea, → SHIP
meticulous mover of the SHIP → SEAFARER
stýrir stagþjórs
‘steerer of the ox of the fore-stay’ = SEAFARER
the ox of the fore-stay, → SHIP
steerer of the SHIP → SEAFARER
almr skauta ára
‘the elm of the sheets of the oars’ = SEAFARER
the sheets of the oars → SHIPS
The elm of SHIPS → SEAFARER
(non-lexical) elgs lagar
‘the … of the elk of the sea’ = SEAFARER
the elk of the sea, → SHIP
The … of the SHIP → SEAFARER
skyldir skautjalfaðar
‘ the requisitioner of the sail-bear’ = SEAFARER
the sail-bear → SHIP
The requisitioner of the SHIP → SEAFARER
Meita vallar viggbeitir
‘horse-steerer of Meiti’s plain’ = SEAFARER
Meiti’s plain → SEA
the horse of the SEA → SHIP
The steerer of the SHIP → SEAFARER
ára jóríðandi
‘horse-rider of oars’ = SEAFARER
the horse of oars. → SHIP
for the rider of the SHIP → SEAFARER
ýtir elgs sólbyrðis
‘The launcher of the elk of the gunwale [lit. sun-board’ = SEAFARER
the elk of the gunwale [lit. sun-board] → SHIP
The launcher of the SHIP → SEAFARER
skreytandi blakks brautar borðs
‘the furnishers of the horse of the path of the plank’ = SEAFARER
the path of the plank → SEA
the horse of the SEA → SHIP
the furnishers of the SHIP → SEAFARER
meiðr drasils hranna
‘the tree of the steed of the waves’ = SEAFARER
the steed of the waves → SHIP
the tree of the SHIP → SEAFARER
heiðna runnr hlunndýrs
‘from the heathen trees of the animal of the launching-roller’ = SEAFARER
the animal of the launching-roller, → SHIP
from the heathen trees of the SHIP → SEAFARER
fremðar lystr vǫrðr fránskíðs Vánar
‘glory-desiring keeper of the shining ski of Vôn’ = SEAFARER
the shining ski of Vôn, → SHIP
glory-desiring keeper of the SHIP → SEAFARER
skerja foldar skíðrennandi
‘ski-runner of the land of skerries’ = SEAFARER
the land of skerries, → SEA
the ski of the SEA → SHIP
Runner of the SHIP → SEAFARER
hlœðir hafskíðs
‘loader of the ocean-ski’ = SEAFARER
the ocean-ski → SHIP
loader of the SHIP → SEAFARER
vága viggrunnr
‘steed-bush of the waves’ = SEAFARER = Óláfr
the steed of the waves. → SHIP
bush of the SHIP → SEAFARER = Óláfr
hlœðir hafreiðar hlunns
‘the loader of the sea-chariot of the slipway roller’ = SEAFARER
the sea-chariot of the slipway roller → SHIP
The loader of the SHIP → SEAFARER
vǫrðr vagna kjalar
‘the guardian of waggons of the keel’ = SEAFARER
waggons of the keel, → SHIPS
The guardian of SHIPS → SEAFARER
hleypimeiðr hlunnviggja
‘the impelling tree of the roller-steeds’ = SEAFARER
the roller-steeds → SHIPS
The impelling tree of SHIPS → SEAFARER
reggbúss
‘the ship-tree’ = SEAFARER
the ship-tree → SEAFARER
þeim þollr Skævaðar geima
‘that fir of the Skævaðr of the ocean’ = SEAFARER
the Skævaðr of the ocean; → SHIP
that fir of the SHIP → SEAFARER
varghollr hirðir veltireiðar víðis
‘the wolf-gracious guardian of the rolling wagon of the ocean’ = SEAFARER
the rolling wagon of the ocean → SHIP
The wolf-gracious guardian of the SHIP → SEAFARER
ráðfimr, auðmildr reggstrindar jóskreytandi
‘stallion-adorner of the boat-land’ = SEAFARER
the boat-land → SEA
the stallion of the SEA → SHIP
The counsel-swift, wealth-generous adorner of the SHIP → SEAFARER
riðboði hæsts elgs hranna
‘a riding offerer of the tallest elk of the waves’ = SEAFARER
the tallest elk of the waves, → SHIP
a riding offerer of the SHIP → SEAFARER
stafna elgbjóðr
‘elk-offerer of stems’ = SEAFARER
the elk of stems, → SHIP
the offerer of the SHIP → SEAFARER
hrófs hreinbyggvir
‘reindeer-occupant of the boatshed’ = SEAFARER
the reindeer of the boatshed, → SHIP
The occupant of the SHIP → SEAFARER
mǫrgum boði sundvargs
‘for many an offerer of the sea-wolf’ = SEAFARER
the sea-wolf; → SHIP
for many an offerer of the SHIP → SEAFARER
skreytir skíðs láðs vǫgnu
‘an adorner of the ski of the land of the orca’ = SEAFARER
the land of the orca → SEA
the ski of the SEA → SHIP
an adorner of the SHIP → SEAFARER
stýrir stálhreins
‘for the steerer of the stem-reindeer’ = SEAFARER
the stem-reindeer; → SHIP
for the steerer of the SHIP → SEAFARER
støkkvir dynblakka stáls
‘for the compeller of the prow’s din-steeds’ = SEAFARER = Snorri
the prow’s din-steeds → SHIPS
for the compeller of SHIPS → SEAFARER = Snorri
stefnir stálhrafna
‘the impeller of prow-ravens’ = SEAFARER
prow-ravens → SHIPS
The impeller of SHIPS → SEAFARER
lýtir lǫgreiðar
‘destroyer of the sea-chariot’ = SEAFARER
the sea-chariot, → SHIP
Destroyer of the SHIP → SEAFARER
skreytir skauthreina
‘the adorner of sail-reindeer’ = SEAFARER
sail-reindeer → SHIPS
the adorner of SHIPS → SEAFARER
hnekkir hleypiblakka hlunns
‘restrainer of the leaping steeds of the roller’ = SEAFARER
the leaping steeds of the roller, → SHIPS
Restrainer of SHIPS → SEAFARER
loptbyggvir eykja unnar
‘loft-inhabitant of the draught-animals of the wave’ = SEAFARER
the draught-animals of the wave, → SHIPS
the loft of SHIPS → AFTER-DECK
Inhabitant of the AFTER-DECK → SEAFARER
brjótr hranna
‘the breaker of waves’ = SEAFARER = Búi
The breaker of waves → SEAFARER = Búi
ǫrþeysir flausta
‘the valiant racer of ships’ = SEAFARER = Hákon
the valiant racer of ships; → SEAFARER = Hákon
vǫrðr Hrafna hranna
‘the guardian of the Hrafnar of the waves’ = SEAFARER
the Hrafnar of the waves → SHIPS
the guardian of SHIPS → SEAFARER
hald-Viðurr haffaxa
‘the steering Viðurr of sea-horses’ = SEAFARER
sea-horses → SHIPS
the steering Viðurr of SHIPS → SEAFARER
mætr meiðr unnviggs
‘the splendid tree of the wave-steed’ = SEAFARER
the wave-steed → SHIP
the splendid tree of the SHIP → SEAFARER
vágs blakkriði
‘horse-rider of the wave’ = SEAFARER = Hákon jarl
the horse of the wave → SHIP
the rider of the SHIP → SEAFARER = Hákon jarl
bakka blakkríðandi
‘steed-rider of the bank’ = SEAFARER
the steed of the bank, → SHIP
The rider of the SHIP → SEAFARER
Sveiða vangs viggmeiðr
‘steed-tree of the field of Sveiði’ = SEAFARER
the field of Sveiði → SEA
the steed of the SEA → SHIP
The tree of the SHIP → SEAFARER
leyfðr Þundr hests grœðis
‘the celebrated Þundr of the horse of the sea’ = SEAFARER = Eiríkr
the horse of the sea → SHIP
the celebrated Þundr of the SHIP → SEAFARER = Eiríkr
lundr varga Niðar
‘the tree of the wolves of Nidelven’ = SEAFARER = Haraldr
the wolves of Nidelven → SHIPS
the tree of SHIPS → SEAFARER = Haraldr
unnar elgrennir
‘wave’s elk-impeller’ = SEAFARER
the elk of the wave. → SHIP
the impeller of the SHIP → SEAFARER
elfar úlfseðjandi
‘wolf-feeder of the river’ = SEAFARER
the wolf of the river, → SHIP
Feeder of the SHIP → SEAFARER
liðhraustan stýrir lagdýrs
‘the troop-bold commander of the sea-beast’ = SEAFARER
the sea-beast, → SHIP
the troop-bold commander of the SHIP → SEAFARER
snarr þiggjandi viggjar byrjar
‘the swift receiver of the horse of the breeze’ = SEAFARER
the horse of the breeze → SHIP
The swift receiver of the SHIP → SEAFARER
stefnir Hrafna stǫðvar
‘the steerer of the Hrafnar of the harbour’ = SEAFARER
the Hrafnar of the harbour → SHIPS
The steerer of SHIPS → SEAFARER
runnr hlunnvitnis
‘to the bush of the roller-wolf’ = SEAFARER
the roller-wolf. → SHIP
to the bush of the SHIP → SEAFARER
annan árr strauma
‘upon another messenger of currents’ = SEAFARER
upon another messenger of currents; → SEAFARER
framr valdr hrannvala
‘outstanding owner of wave-horses’ = SEAFARER
wave-horses. → SHIPS
outstanding owner of SHIPS → SEAFARER
máli Mundils
‘the close companion of Mundill’ = SEAFARER
the close companion of Mundill → SEAFARER
orðrakkr árr flausta
‘the word-bold messenger of ships’ = SEAFARER
The word-bold messenger of ships → SEAFARER
This view lists all kennings with the selected referent. It analyses extended kennings to show the stages by which one arrives at the particular referent; these may form part of larger kennings but this is not shown here.
For more information on a particular kenning, select the stanza in which it occurs and click on the kenning in the interactive text to see the full analysis of the kenning.