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Kennings — AM 744 4° (744)

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Eskál Vell 30^I
þing hyrjar hjǫrlautar
‘an assembly of the fire of the sword-dale’ = BATTLE
the sword-dale, → SHIELD
the fire of the SHIELD → SWORD
an assembly of the SWORD → BATTLE

AM 744 4°:
battle
3.1.1. meeting of swords
Eskál Vell 30^I
hyrr hjǫrlautar
‘of the fire of the sword-dale’ = SWORD
the sword-dale, → SHIELD
the fire of the SHIELD → SWORD

AM 744 4°:
sword
1.1.02.1. fire of the shield
Eskál Vell 30^I
hjǫrlaut
‘of the sword-dale’ = SHIELD
the sword-dale, → SHIELD

AM 744 4°:
shield
5.1.1.2. land of the sword
Eskál Vell 30^I
rann Sǫrla
‘a house of Sǫrli’ = SHIELD
a house of Sǫrli → SHIELD

AM 744 4°:
shield
9.4. house of a legendary hero
Eskál Vell 30^I
lyngs barða loft
‘the loft of the whale of the heath’ = GOLD
the whale of the heath → SNAKE
the loft of the SNAKE → GOLD

AM 744 4°:
gold
3.1.2. lair of the serpent (A3)
Eskál Vell 30^I
lyngs barði
‘of the whale of the heath’ = SNAKE
the whale of the heath → SNAKE

AM 744 4°:
serpent, snake
1.1. fish or whale of the land (A1b)
SnSt Ht 83^III
eyðir baugvalla
‘destroyer of shieldboss-meadows’ = WARRIOR = Skúli
shieldboss-meadows, → SHIELDS
Destroyer of SHIELDS → WARRIOR = Skúli

AM 744 4°: 5r/13
warrior
1.7.02. destroyer of the weapon
SnSt Ht 83^III
baugvǫllr
‘of shieldboss-meadows’ = SHIELDS
shieldboss-meadows, → SHIELDS

AM 744 4°: 5r/13
shield
5.1.1.1. land of the shield
SnSt Ht 83^III
hestr svanfjalla
‘horses of swan-mountains’ = SHIPS
swan-mountains → WAVES
horses of WAVES → SHIPS

AM 744 4°: 5r/13
ship, boat
1.1.1.1. horse of the sea
SnSt Ht 83^III
svanfjall
‘of swan-mountains’ = WAVES
swan-mountains → WAVES

AM 744 4°: 5r/13
wave
1.1. mountain of the swan
SnSt Ht 83^III
alla ógn naðrs
‘throughout the entire terror of the adder’ = WINTER
throughout the entire terror of the adder. → WINTER

AM 744 4°: 5r/13
winter
1.4. terror of the snake
SnSt Ht 83^III
spjalli gumna
‘the confidant of men’ = RULER
the confidant of men → RULER

AM 744 4°: 5r/13
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
1.2. friend of people
SnSt Ht 83^III
galli orms
‘during the destruction of the snake’ = WINTER
during the destruction of the snake; → WINTER

AM 744 4°: 5r/13
winter
1.1. harm of the snake
Þorm Lv 22^I
þing harðra hjǫrva
‘the assembly of hard swords’ = BATTLE
the assembly of hard swords. → BATTLE

AM 744 4°: 7v/2
battle
3.1.1. meeting of swords
Þorm Lv 22^I
benþiðurr
‘the wound-grouse’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
the wound-grouse → RAVEN/EAGLE

AM 744 4°: 7v/2
raven/eagle
1.4. bird of the wound (A2)
Hár Lv 1^I
lǫngum dynmarr láðs Rínleygs mínum
‘my long resounding steed of the land of Rhine-flame’ = SHIP
Rhine-flame, → GOLD
the land of the GOLD → SEA
my long resounding steed of the SEA → SHIP

AM 744 4°: 8r/16
[2] ‑leygs: ‑leygs 744ˣ
[2] mínum: mínu 744ˣ
ship, boat
1.1.1.1. horse of the sea
Hár Lv 1^I
láð Rínleygs
‘of the land of Rhine-flame’ = SEA
Rhine-flame, → GOLD
the land of the GOLD → SEA

AM 744 4°: 8r/16
[2] ‑leygs: ‑leygs 744ˣ
sea
9.4. land of gold
Hár Lv 1^I
Rínleygr
‘of Rhine-flame’ = GOLD
Rhine-flame, → GOLD

AM 744 4°: 8r/16
[2] ‑leygs: ‑leygs 744ˣ
gold
9.1.3. light of the Rhine (A1)
Hár Lv 1^I
lundr leggfjǫturs
‘the grove of the limb-fetter’ = MAN
the limb-fetter, → ARM-RING
the grove of the ARM-RING → MAN

AM 744 4°: 8r/16
male, man
1.3. tree of rings
Hár Lv 1^I
leggfjǫturr
‘of the limb-fetter’ = ARM-RING
the limb-fetter, → ARM-RING

AM 744 4°: 8r/16
ring
1. band of the limb
Auðunn Lv 1^III
klepprdǫgg lǫggvar Hôars
‘the lump-dew of Hárr’s cask-rim’ = BAD POETRY
Hárr’s cask-rim → VAT
the lump-dew of the VAT → BAD POETRY

AM 744 4°: 8v/3

bad poetry
2. dregs of the mythical vat?
Auðunn Lv 1^III
lǫgg Hôars
‘of Hárr’s cask-rim’ = VAT
Hárr’s cask-rim → VAT

AM 744 4°: 8v/3
vat
Auðunn Lv 1^III
kenniseiðr moldar
‘of the testing coalfish of the earth’ = SNAKE = Ormr
the testing coalfish of the earth. → SNAKE = Ormr

AM 744 4°: 8v/3
[3] ‑seiðs: ‘selds’ B
serpent, snake
1.1. fish or whale of the land (A1b)
Glúmr Gráf 12^I
hjǫrdrífa
‘the sword-blizzard’ = BATTLE
the sword-blizzard → BATTLE

AM 744 4°: 8v/11
battle
1.2.1.1. shower of swords
Anon (TGT) 1^III
bróðir Brynhildar
‘Brynhildr’s brother’ = Atli
Brynhildr’s brother, → Atli

AM 744 4°: 9r/5
Atli Buðlason
1. member of the Buðlungar family
Anon (TGT) 2^III
svanr blóðs
‘the swan of blood’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
The swan of blood → RAVEN/EAGLE

AM 744 4°: 9v/1
raven/eagle
1.2. bird of blood (A2)
Anon (TGT) 2^III
róðr vindára
‘the rowing of wind-oars’ = FLIGHT
wind-oars → WINGS
the rowing of WINGS → FLIGHT

AM 744 4°: 9v/1
flight, flying
. rowing of the wings
Anon (TGT) 2^III
vindár
‘of wind-oars’ = WINGS
wind-oars → WINGS

AM 744 4°: 9v/1
wing
1. oars of the wind (A1a or A1b)
SkrautO Frag 1^III
Bil brunnins logs báru
‘the Bil of the burnt fire of the wave’ = WOMAN
the burnt fire of the wave, → GOLD
the Bil of the GOLD → WOMAN

AM 744 4°: 10r/6
female, woman
1.1.1. goddess of riches, wealth (B2b)
SkrautO Frag 1^III
brunnins log báru
‘of the burnt fire of the wave’ = GOLD
the burnt fire of the wave, → GOLD

AM 744 4°: 10r/6
gold
1.1.1.1. fire of the wave (A1)
StarkSt Frag 1^III
þann hringhreytandi
‘that ring-distributor’ = GENEROUS MAN
that ring-distributor → GENEROUS MAN

AM 744 4°: 10r/12
generous man
2.3.2. flinger of rings
Anon (TGT) 3^III
snerra Lakkar
‘the onslaught of Hlǫkk’ = BATTLE
the onslaught of Hlǫkk; → BATTLE

AM 744 4°: 10v/2
battle
11.2. assault of the valkyrie
Anon (TGT) 5^III
orð Iðja
‘of the words of Iði’ = GOLD
Of the words of Iði → GOLD

AM 744 4°: 11r/10
gold
8.1. utterance of the giant (A3)
Eyv Lv 8^I
folkstríðir
‘the afflicter of the people’ = Haraldr
the afflicter of the people → Haraldr

AM 744 4°: 11r/13
Haraldr II gráfeldr Eiríksson (r. c. 961-c. 970)
2. destroyer of the people
Eyv Lv 8^I
meldr fáglýjaðra þýja Fróða
‘the flour of the little-satisfied bondswomen of Fróði’ = GOLD
the little-satisfied bondswomen of Fróði → Fenja and Menja
the flour of FENJA AND MENJA → GOLD

AM 744 4°: 11r/13
gold
9.2.2. flour of Fenja and Menja (A1)
Eyv Lv 8^I
fáglýjaðra þý Fróða
‘of the little-satisfied bondswomen of Fróði’ = Fenja and Menja
the little-satisfied bondswomen of Fróði → Fenja and Menja

AM 744 4°: 11r/13
Fenja and Menja
1. women of Fróði (C3b)
Eyv Lv 8^I
móðir dolgs mellu
‘of the mother of the enemy of the giantess’ = Jǫrð
the enemy of the giantess. → Þórr
the mother of ÞÓRR → Jǫrð

AM 744 4°: 11r/13
Jǫrð
4. mother of Þórr (C4a)
Eyv Lv 8^I
dolgr mellu
‘of the enemy of the giantess’ = Þórr
the enemy of the giantess. → Þórr

AM 744 4°: 11r/13
Þórr
1.2. enemy of the giants
Eyv Lv 8^I
fræ fýrisvalla
‘the seed of fýrisvellir’ = GOLD
the seed of Fýrisvellir → GOLD

AM 744 4°: 11r/13
gold
9.3.2. grain of Fýrisvellir (A1)
Eyv Lv 8^I
fjall hauka
‘the mountains of hawks’ = HANDS
the mountains of hawks → HANDS

AM 744 4°: 11r/13
arm, hand
1.1.1. land of the bird of prey (A3)
Eyv Lv 8^I
Ullr ímunlauks
‘Ullr of the battle-leek’ = WARRIOR
the battle-leek. → SWORD
Ullr of the SWORD → WARRIOR

AM 744 4°: 11r/13
warrior
1.4.1.04. Ullr of the weapon
Eyv Lv 8^I
ímunlaukr
‘of the battle-leek’ = SWORD
the battle-leek. → SWORD

AM 744 4°: 11r/13
sword
4.3.5. leek of battle
Anon (TGT) 7^III
hyggnir draugr brimis
‘the thoughtful trees of the sword’ = WARRIORS
The thoughtful trees of the sword → WARRIORS

AM 744 4°: 11v/8
warrior
1.1.1. tree of the sword
Anon (TGT) 7^III
hjǫrflaug
‘weapon-flight’ = BATTLE
weapon-flight → BATTLE

AM 744 4°: 11v/8
battle
9.1. flight of weapons
Anon Bjark 4^III
forverk Fenju
‘Fenja’s toil’ = GOLD
Fenja’s toil, → GOLD

AM 744 4°: 17r
[3] Fenju forverki: ‘feníu foruerke’ 744ˣ
gold
9.2.3. work of Fenja (A3)
Anon Bjark 4^III
miðgarðr Fáfnis
‘Fáfnir’s land’ = GOLD
Fáfnir’s land, → GOLD

AM 744 4°: 17r
[4] Fáfnis miðgarði: ‘fafniss miðgarde’ 744ˣ
gold
3.1.1. land of the serpent (A3)
Anon Bjark 4^III
glóbarr Glasis
‘Glasir’s glowing foliage’ = GOLD
Glasir’s glowing foliage, → GOLD

AM 744 4°: 17r
gold
8.6. foliage of Glasir (A3)
Anon Bjark 4^III
fagrbyrðr Grana
‘Grani’s fair burden’ = GOLD
Grani’s fair burden, → GOLD

AM 744 4°: 17r
gold
9.1.1. cargo of Grani (A3)
Anon Bjark 4^III
dýrsveiti Draupnis
‘Draupnir’s precious sweat’ = GOLD
Draupnir’s precious sweat, → GOLD

AM 744 4°: 17r
[7] dýrsveita: ‘dy᷎r sueíta’ 744ˣ
gold
8.3.1. dew of Draupnir (A3)
Anon Bjark 4^III
dúni Grafvitnis
‘Grafvitnir’s feather-bed’ = GOLD
Grafvitnir’s feather-bed. → GOLD

AM 744 4°: 17r
[8] dúni: ‘dune’ 744ˣ
[8] Grafvitnis: ‘grafvítniss’ 744ˣ
gold
3.1.2. lair of the serpent (A3)
Anon Bjark 5^III
svarðfestum Sifjar
‘Sif’s scalp-cords’ = GOLD
scalp-cords, → HAIR
Sif’s of the HAIR → GOLD

AM 744 4°: 17r
gold
8.4. hair of Sif (A3)
Anon Bjark 5^III
svarðfestr
‘scalp-cords’ = HAIR
scalp-cords, → HAIR

AM 744 4°: 17r
hair
2. rope of the head (A1b)
Anon Bjark 5^III
svell dalnauðar
‘ice of the bow-compulsion’ = SILVER
the bow-compulsion, → ARM
ice of the ARM → SILVER

AM 744 4°: 17r
silver
1.1. ice of the arm/hand
Anon Bjark 5^III
dalnauðr
‘of the bow-compulsion’ = ARM
the bow-compulsion, → ARM

AM 744 4°: 17r
arm, hand
3.2. compulsion of the bow (A3)
Anon Bjark 5^III
tregum gjald Otrs
‘the reluctant payment for Otr’ = GOLD
the reluctant payment for Otr, → GOLD

AM 744 4°: 17r
[5] Otrs gjǫldum: ‘otrs gio᷎lldum’ 744ˣ
gold
8.7. payment of Otr/otter (A3)
Anon Bjark 5^III
tár Mardallar
‘the tears of Mardǫll’ = GOLD
the tears of Mardǫll, → GOLD

AM 744 4°: 17r
[6] Mardallar: mardallar 744ˣ
gold
8.2. tears of Freyja (A3)
Anon Bjark 5^III
eldr Órunar
‘the fire of Órun’ = GOLD
the fire of Órun, → GOLD

AM 744 4°: 17r
gold
1.1.2.1. fire of the river (A1)
Anon Bjark 5^III
glysmál Iðja
‘the shining speeches of Iði’ = GOLD
the shining speeches of Iði. → GOLD

AM 744 4°: 17r
gold
8.1. utterance of the giant (A3)
Anon Bjark 6^III
gunnveitir
‘the battle-granter’ = WARRIOR
The battle-granter, → WARRIOR

AM 744 4°: 17v
warrior
2.5.2.7. giver/granter of battle
Anon Bjark 6^III
þingskil Þjaza
‘with Þjazi’s assembly declarations’ = GOLD
with Þjazi’s assembly declarations, → GOLD

AM 744 4°: 17v
[3] þingskilum: ‘þíngskilum’ 744ˣ
[3] Þjaza: ‘þíaza’ 744ˣ
gold
8.1. utterance of the giant (A3)
Anon Bjark 6^III
rauðmalmr Rínar
‘with the red metal of the Rhine’ = GOLD
with the red metal of the Rhine, → GOLD

AM 744 4°: 17v
[5] Rínar rauðmalmi: ‘rinar ryð malme’ 744ˣ
gold
9.1.4. metal of the Rhine (A2)
Anon Bjark 6^III
róg Niflunga
‘with the strife of the Niflungar’ = GOLD
with the strife of the Niflungar; → GOLD

AM 744 4°: 17v
gold
9.1.2. strife of the Niflungar (A3)
ESk Øxfl 8^III
hafleygr
‘the sea-flame’ = GOLD
the sea-flame → GOLD

AM 744 4°: 18r
gold
1.1.1. fire of the sea (A1)
ESk Øxfl 8^III
hvítum digulskafl
‘the white crucible-snowdrift’ = SILVER
the white crucible-snowdrift, → SILVER

AM 744 4°: 18r
silver
2.1. snow of the crucible
ESk Øxfl 8^III
Heita blakks hlýrskildir
‘prow-shield-provider of Heiti’s horse’ = SEA-WARRIOR
the prow of Heiti’s horse → SHIP
the shield-provider of the SHIP → SEA-WARRIOR

AM 744 4°: 18r
sea-warrior
3. shield-provider of the ship
ESk Øxfl 8^III
Heita blakkr hlýr
‘of the prow of Heiti’s horse’ = SHIP
the prow of Heiti’s horse → SHIP

AM 744 4°: 18r
ship, boat
. defective
ESk Øxfl 8^III
snjór skála
‘snow of scales’ = SILVER
snow of scales → SILVER

AM 744 4°: 18r
silver
4. snow of scales
ESk Øxfl 8^III
eldi hrynbrautar áls
‘fire of the eel’s resounding road’ = GOLD
the eel’s resounding road; → SEA
fire of the SEA → GOLD

AM 744 4°: 18r
gold
1.1.1. fire of the sea (A1)
ESk Øxfl 8^III
hrynbraut áls
‘of the eel’s resounding road’ = SEA
the eel’s resounding road; → SEA

AM 744 4°: 18r
sea
3.2. path of the aquatic animal
ESk Øxfl 8^III
fellir folka
‘the feller of armies’ = WARRIOR
the feller of armies → WARRIOR

AM 744 4°: 18r
warrior
4.8. killer of men
Eskál Hardr 1^III
landfrœkn jǫfurr Lundar
‘the land-valiant prince of Lund’ = DANISH KING
The land-valiant prince of Lund → DANISH KING

AM 744 4°: 18r
Danish king, ruler, jarl
1.2. ruler of Denmark
Eskál Hardr 1^III
liðbrandr
‘limb-fires’ = ARM-RINGS
limb-fires; → ARM-RINGS

AM 744 4°: 18r
ring
3. fire of the limb
Eskál Hardr 1^III
grjót Rínar
‘the stones of the Rhine’ = GOLD
the stones of the Rhine → GOLD

AM 744 4°: 18r
gold
9.1.5. stones of the Rhine (A1)
Refr Giz 2^III
helgu full hrafnásar
‘the holy cup of the raven-god’ = POETRY
the raven-god; → Óðinn
the holy cup of ÓÐINN → POETRY

AM 744 4°: 19r/16
poetry
1.1.1. drink of Óðinn
Refr Giz 2^III
hrafnÁss
‘of the raven-god’ = Óðinn
the raven-god; → Óðinn

AM 744 4°: 19r/16
Óðinn
2.7. god of the raven (C3b)
Refr Giz 2^III
Baldr leiptra jarðar stafna
‘the Baldr of the lightnings of the land of prows’ = MAN
the land of prows, → SEA
the lightnings of the SEA → GOLD
the Baldr of the GOLD → MAN

AM 744 4°: 19r/16
male, man
2.1. god of gold
Refr Giz 2^III
leiptr jarðar stafna
‘of the lightnings of the land of prows’ = GOLD
the land of prows, → SEA
the lightnings of the SEA → GOLD

AM 744 4°: 19r/16
gold
1.2. gleam, shine of waters (A1)
Refr Giz 2^III
jǫrð stafna
‘of the land of prows’ = SEA
the land of prows, → SEA

AM 744 4°: 19r/16
sea
4.1. land of the ship
Refr Giz 3^III
ramar veig salar Fals brautar fannar
‘for the powerful drinks of the hall of the Falr of the path of the snow-drift’ = POETRY
the path of the snow-drift, → MOUNTAINS
the Falr of MOUNTAINS → GIANT = Suttungr
the hall of the GIANTSUTTUNGR → CAVE
for the powerful drinks of the CAVE → POETRY

AM 744 4°: 21r/16
poetry
1.3.1. drink of the giants
Refr Giz 3^III
salr Fals brautar fannar
‘of the hall of the Falr of the path of the snow-drift’ = CAVE
the path of the snow-drift, → MOUNTAINS
the Falr of MOUNTAINS → GIANT = Suttungr
the hall of the GIANTSUTTUNGR → CAVE

AM 744 4°: 21r/16
cave
1.2. dwelling of the giant
Refr Giz 3^III
Falr brautar fannar
‘of the Falr of the path of the snow-drift’ = GIANT = Suttungr
the path of the snow-drift, → MOUNTAINS
the Falr of MOUNTAINS → GIANT = Suttungr

AM 744 4°: 21r/16
giant
1.2. male mythical being of the mountains
Refr Giz 3^III
braut fannar
‘of the path of the snow-drift’ = MOUNTAINS
the path of the snow-drift, → MOUNTAINS

AM 744 4°: 21r/16
mountain
2.3. path of the snow-drift
Refr Giz 3^III
framr valdr hrannvala
‘outstanding owner of wave-horses’ = SEAFARER
wave-horses. → SHIPS
outstanding owner of SHIPS → SEAFARER

AM 744 4°: 21r/16
seafarer
1.1.06. user of the ship
Refr Giz 3^III
hrannvalr
‘of wave-horses’ = SHIPS
wave-horses. → SHIPS

AM 744 4°: 21r/16
ship, boat
1.1.1.1. horse of the sea
Eskál Vell 5^I
hertýs vín-Gnóðar austr
‘bilge-water of the wine-Gnóð of the army-god’ = POEM
the army -god → Óðinn
the wine of ÓÐINN → POEM
the Gnóð of the POEM → VAT
the bilge-water of the VAT → POEM

AM 744 4°: 21v/4
poetry
1.1.2. liquid of Óðinn
Eskál Vell 5^I
hertýs vín-Gnoð
‘of the Gnóð of the wine of the army-god’ = VAT
the army -god → Óðinn
the wine of ÓÐINN → POEM
the Gnóð of the POEM → VAT

AM 744 4°: 21v/4
vat
. ship of poetry
Eskál Vell 5^I
hertýs vín
‘of the wine of the army-god’ = POEM
the army -god → Óðinn
the wine of ÓÐINN → POEM

AM 744 4°: 21v/4
poetry
1.1.1. drink of Óðinn
Eskál Vell 5^I
hertýr
‘of the army-god’ = Óðinn
the army -god → Óðinn

AM 744 4°: 21v/4
Óðinn
2.4. god of the army (C3b)
Eskál Vell 5^I
ǫrþeysir flausta
‘the valiant racer of ships’ = SEAFARER = Hákon
the valiant racer of ships; → SEAFARER = Hákon

AM 744 4°: 21v/4
seafarer
1.1.17. racer of the ship
Bragi Þórr 1^III
sonr aldafǫðrs
‘the son of mankind’s father’ = Þórr
mankind’s father → Óðinn
the son of ÓÐINN → Þórr

AM 744 4°: 22v/1
[2] sonr: son W, B
[2] Aldafǫðrs: ‘alldafo᷎durs’ B
Þórr
2.2. son of Óðinn (C4a)
Bragi Þórr 1^III
aldafaðir
‘of mankind’s father’ = Óðinn
mankind’s father → Óðinn

AM 744 4°: 22v/1
[2] Aldafǫðrs: ‘alldafo᷎durs’ B
Óðinn
7. father of mankind (C4b)
Bragi Þórr 1^III
reistr jarðar
‘the twisted thing of the earth’ = Miðgarðsormr
the twisted thing of the earth, → Miðgarðsormr

AM 744 4°: 22v/1
Miðgarðsormr
1. surrounding object of the earth (A1b)
Eskál Vell 37^I
sonr Bestlu
‘the son of Bestla’ = Óðinn
the son of Bestla; → Óðinn

AM 744 4°: 22v/6
Óðinn
1.4. son of Bestla (C4a)
Eskál Vell 4^I
grynnilá bergs dverga
‘the shoal-wave of the rock of dwarfs’ = POEM
The shoal-wave of the rock of dwarfs → POEM

AM 744 4°: 23r/12
poetry
1.2.2. liquid of the dwarfs
Eskál Vell 4^I
Ullr sorgar byrgis bǫðvar
‘of the Ullr of the sorrow of the fence of battle’ = WARRIOR = Hákon
the fence of battle, → SHIELD
the sorrow of the SHIELD → SWORD
the Ullr of the SWORD → WARRIOR = Hákon

AM 744 4°: 23r/12
warrior
1.4.1.04. Ullr of the weapon
Eskál Vell 4^I
sorg byrgis bǫðvar
‘of the sorrow of the fence of battle’ = SWORD
the fence of battle, → SHIELD
the sorrow of the SHIELD → SWORD

AM 744 4°: 23r/12
sword
9.2.4. sorrow of the shield
Eskál Vell 4^I
byrgi bǫðvar
‘of the fence of battle’ = SHIELD
the fence of battle, → SHIELD

AM 744 4°: 23r/12
shield
6.1. enclosure of battle
Refr Þorst 1^III
gildi geðreinar grjótǫld
‘the drink of the mind-land of the rock-people’ = POEM
the rock-people; → GIANTS
the drink of the mind-land of GIANTS → POEM

AM 744 4°: 23v/5
poetry
1.3.2. liquid of the giants
Refr Þorst 1^III
geðrein
‘of the mind-land’ = BREAST
the mind-land → BREAST

AM 744 4°: 23v/5
breast, chest
1.1.1. land of the mind (A3)
Refr Þorst 1^III
bára berg-mœra
‘the wave of the mountain-mœrir’ = POEM
the mountain-Mœrir → GIANTS
the wave of GIANTS → POEM

AM 744 4°: 23v/5
poetry
1.3.2. liquid of the giants
Refr Þorst 1^III
berg-Mœrir
‘of the mountain-mœrir’ = GIANTS
the mountain-Mœrir → GIANTS

AM 744 4°: 23v/5
giant
1.1. man of the mountains
Refr Þorst 1^III
kyn lýða
‘the kindred of men’ = PEOPLE
the kindred of men → PEOPLE

AM 744 4°: 23v/5
mankind, people
1. kinsfolk of men
Refr Þorst 1^III
grjótǫld
‘of the rock-people’ = GIANTS
the rock-people; → GIANTS

AM 744 4°: 23v/5
giant
1.1. man of the mountains
Arn Magndr 19^II
gǫmlum hauss Ymis
‘the ancient skull of Ymir’ = SKY/HEAVEN
the ancient skull of Ymir → SKY/HEAVEN

AM 744 4°: 28r
sky/heaven
9.2. skull of Ymir
Þjóð Haustl 14^III
ótti jǫtna
‘the terror of giants’ = Þórr
the terror of giants → Þórr

AM 744 4°: 28v/7
Þórr
1.3. terror of the giants
Þjóð Haustl 14^III
bǫrr hellis haugs Grjótúna
‘the tree of the cave of the mound of Grjótún’ = GIANT = Hrungnir
the mound of Grjótún. → Grjótúnagarðar
the tree of the cave of GRJÓTÚNAGARÐAR → GIANT = Hrungnir

AM 744 4°: 28v/7
giant
Þjóð Haustl 14^III
haugr Grjótúna
‘of the mound of Grjótún’ = Grjótúnagarðar
the mound of Grjótún. → Grjótúnagarðar

AM 744 4°: 28v/7
Grjótúnagarðar
. cairn of the mountain?
Þjóð Haustl 14^III
sonr Jarðar
‘the son of Jǫrð’ = Þórr
The son of Jǫrð → Þórr

AM 744 4°: 28v/7
Þórr
2.1. son of Jǫrð (C4a/C4b)
Þjóð Haustl 14^III
ísarnleikr
‘the iron-play’ = BATTLE
the iron-play, → BATTLE

AM 744 4°: 28v/7
battle
4.1. play of weapons
Þjóð Haustl 14^III
vegr mána
‘the path of the moon’ = SKY/HEAVEN
the path of the moon → SKY/HEAVEN

AM 744 4°: 28v/7
sky/heaven
7.2. path of the moon
Þjóð Haustl 14^III
blóði Meila
‘of the brother of Meili’ = Þórr
the brother of Meili → Þórr

AM 744 4°: 28v/7
Þórr
2. relative of the gods (C4a)
OBarr Frag 1^III
vagnbraut
‘of the wagon-road’ = SKY/HEAVEN
the wagon-road → SKY/HEAVEN

AM 744 4°: 28v/12
sky/heaven
7.4. path of the Ursa Major
OBarr Frag 1^III
dís drógar Draupnis
‘dís of the drawing of Draupnir’ = WOMAN
the drawing of Draupnir; → GOLD
dís of the GOLD → WOMAN

AM 744 4°: 28v/12
female, woman
1.1.1. goddess of riches, wealth (B2b)
OBarr Frag 1^III
dróg Draupnis
‘of the drawing of Draupnir’ = GOLD
the drawing of Draupnir; → GOLD

AM 744 4°: 28v/12
gold
8.3.3. extraction of Draupnir (A3)
OBarr Frag 1^III
valdr vagnbrautar
‘the ruler of the wagon-road’ = God
the wagon-road → SKY/HEAVEN
the ruler of the SKY/HEAVEN → God

AM 744 4°: 28v/12
God
1.1. lord of heaven
Bragi Frag 2^III
faðir ǫndurdísar
‘of the father of the ski-dís’ = Þjazi
the ski-dís → Skaði
the father of SKAÐI → Þjazi

AM 744 4°: 28v/16
Þjazi
1.1. father of Skaði
Bragi Frag 2^III
ǫndurdís
‘of the ski-dís’ = Skaði
the ski-dís → Skaði

AM 744 4°: 28v/16
Skaði
1. deity of the ski (C2b)
Bragi Frag 2^III
víða munnrlaug vinda
‘the wide hand-basin of winds’ = SKY/HEAVEN
the wide hand-basin of winds → SKY/HEAVEN

AM 744 4°: 28v/16
[1] víða: víðu B
[4] munn‑: mun‑ W, U, B
sky/heaven
Mark Eirdr 32^II
dýrri vǫrðr flotna
‘a more precious guardian of sea-warriors’ = RULER
a more precious guardian of sea-warriors → RULER

AM 744 4°: 29r
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
1.3. guardian of people
Mark Eirdr 32^II
gjalfri kringðum botn élkers
‘the surge-encircled bottom of the storm-vessel’ = EARTH
the storm-vessel; → SKY/HEAVEN
the surge-encircled bottom of the SKY/HEAVEN → EARTH

AM 744 4°: 29r
earth, land
2.1. bottom of the sky
Mark Eirdr 32^II
élker
‘of the storm-vessel’ = SKY/HEAVEN
the storm-vessel; → SKY/HEAVEN

AM 744 4°: 29r
sky/heaven
. vessel of storm/wind
Mark Eirdr 32^II
hringvarpaðr
‘of the ring-thrower’ = GENEROUS RULER
the ring-thrower. → GENEROUS RULER

AM 744 4°: 29r
generous man
2.3.2. flinger of rings
Hfr Hákdr 7^III
sá snjallráðr spjalli konungs
‘that shrewdly-advising king’s intimate’ = RULER
that shrewdly-advising king’s intimate → RULER

AM 744 4°: 30r
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
2.4. friend of the ruler
Hfr Hákdr 7^III
eingadóttir Ónars
‘the only daughter of Ónarr’ = Jǫrð (jǫrð ‘earth’)
the only daughter of Ónarr, → Jǫrð (jǫrð ‘earth’)

AM 744 4°: 30r
Jǫrð
2. woman of Ánarr/Ónarr (C3a or C4a)
Hfr Hákdr 6^III
frægjan fleygjandi
‘the renowned flinger [of riches]’ = GENEROUS MAN
the renowned flinger [of riches] → GENEROUS MAN

AM 744 4°: 30v
generous man
2.3. flinger of wealth
Hfr Hákdr 6^III
systir Auðs
‘Auðr’s sister’ = Jǫrð (jǫrð ‘earth’)
Auðr’s sister → Jǫrð (jǫrð ‘earth’)

AM 744 4°: 30v
Jǫrð
5. sister of Auðr (C4a)
Hfr Hákdr 6^III
ítran menþverrir
‘the glorious ring-diminisher’ = GENEROUS MAN
the glorious ring-diminisher. → GENEROUS MAN

AM 744 4°: 30v
[3] ítran: ‘itran’ 744ˣ
[2] menþverri: ‘men þuerri’ 744ˣ
generous man
1.03.3. diminisher of the necklace
OBarr Frag 2^III
blóð Ymis
‘Ymir’s blood’ = SEA
Ymir’s blood → SEA

AM 744 4°: 31r/5
sea
9.2.1. blood of Ymir
Refr Ferðv 1^III
hógdýr húna
‘the gentle animal of mast-tops’ = SHIP
The gentle animal of mast-tops → SHIP

AM 744 4°: 31r/7
ship, boat
1.2.2. wild animal of the ship
Refr Ferðv 1^III
hvalmœnir
‘the whale-ridge’ = SEA
the whale-ridge; → SEA

AM 744 4°: 31r/7
sea
3.3. dwelling of the aquatic animal
Sveinn Norðrdr 1^III
élreifar dóttir Ægis
‘the storm-happy daughters of Ægir’ = WAVES
the storm-happy daughters of Ægir, → WAVES

AM 744 4°: 31r/11
wave
3.1. daughter of Ægir
Refr Ferðv 2^III
úrsvǫl vǫlva Gymis
‘the spray-cold vǫlva of Gymir’ = Rán
The spray-cold vǫlva of Gymir → Rán

AM 744 4°: 31r/15
Rán
1. woman of Ægir (C3a)
Refr Ferðv 2^III
bjǫrn undinna festa
‘the bear of twisted moorings’ = SHIP
the bear of twisted moorings → SHIP

AM 744 4°: 31r/15
ship, boat
1.2.2. wild animal of the ship
ESk Frag 10^III
dynstrǫnd dorgar
‘the roaring beach of the trolling-line’ = SEA
the roaring beach of the trolling-line → SEA

AM 744 4°: 31v
[2] dynstrǫnd: dynr stǫng 744ˣ
sea
7.1. land of the fishing-line
ESk Frag 11^III
holmfjǫturr
‘the island-fetter’ = SEA
The island-fetter → SEA

AM 744 4°: 31v
[3] holm‑: so W, 744ˣ, 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
sea
1.2. band/fetter of the land
ESk Frag 11^III
hrafn gráns Heita
‘the horse of the hostile Heiti’ = SHIP
the horse of the hostile Heiti; → SHIP

AM 744 4°: 31v
[4] hrafni: hrafna 744ˣ
ship, boat
1.3.1.1. horse of the sea-king
ESk Frag 9^III
blakkr strindar svana
‘the steed of the land of swans’ = SHIP
the land of swans → SEA
the steed of the SEA → SHIP

AM 744 4°: 31v
[3] blakkr lætr: so W, U, 744ˣ, 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
ship, boat
1.1.1.1. horse of the sea
ESk Frag 9^III
strind svana
‘of the land of swans’ = SEA
the land of swans → SEA

AM 744 4°: 31v
sea
6.1. land of the aquatic bird
ESk Frag 9^III
snægrund
‘the snow-ground’ = Iceland
the snow-ground → Iceland

AM 744 4°: 31v
Iceland
1. land of snow
Refr Ferðv 3^III
úrdrifinn Sleipnir sægnípu
‘the spray-spattered Sleipnir of the sea-peak’ = SHIP
the sea-peak → WAVE
the spray-spattered Sleipnir of the WAVE → SHIP

AM 744 4°: 31v/3
ship, boat
1.1.1.1. horse of the sea
Refr Ferðv 3^III
sægnípa
‘of the sea-peak’ = WAVE
the sea-peak → WAVE

AM 744 4°: 31v/3
wave
1.2. mountain of the sea
ESk Frag 12^III
haustkǫld holmrǫnd
‘the autumn-cold island-rim’ = SEA
The autumn-cold island-rim → SEA

AM 744 4°: 32r
sea
1.9. rim of the land
ESk Frag 12^III
héldum andr varar
‘the rime-covered ski of the wake’ = SHIP
the rime-covered ski of the wake. → SHIP

AM 744 4°: 32r
[1] héldum: heldr 744ˣ
[2] ǫndri: ‘andre’ Tˣ, 744ˣ
ship, boat
2.1. ski of the sea
ESk Frag 13^III
sverrigjǫrð svalra landa
‘the swirling girdle of cool lands’ = SEA
The swirling girdle of cool lands → SEA

AM 744 4°: 32r
[2] sverri‑: ‘sne᷎riss’ 744ˣ
[1] landa: randa 744ˣ
sea
1.1. belt of the land
ESk Frag 14^III
flugastraumr Rakna
‘the cascade of Rakni’ = SEA
the cascade of Rakni; → SEA

AM 744 4°: 32v
sea
8.1. liquid of the sea-king
ESk Frag 14^III
bǫl dúks
‘the harm of the sail’ = WIND
the harm of the sail → WIND

AM 744 4°: 32v
[3] dúks: dags 744ˣ
storm, wind
3. harm of the sail
ESk Frag 14^III
bifgrund
‘the trembling ground’ = SEA
the trembling ground → SEA

AM 744 4°: 32v
sea
14. half-kennings
Skúli Lv 1^III
goðblíð beðja Glens
‘the divinely gentle bedmate of Glenr’ = Sól
the divinely gentle bedmate of Glenr → Sól

AM 744 4°: 32v
Sól
1. consort of Glenr (C3a)
Skúli Lv 1^III
gránserkr mána
‘of the grey-shirt of máni (‘moon’)’ = SKY
the grey-shirt of Máni (‘Moon’) → SKY

AM 744 4°: 32v
[4] ‑serks: ‑setrs Tˣ, 744ˣ
sky/heaven
. shirt of the moon
Sveinn Norðrdr 2^III
ljótir sonr fornjóts
‘the ugly sons of fornjótr’ = WINDS
the ugly sons of Fornjótr → WINDS

AM 744 4°: 32v/7
storm, wind
4.3.1. son of Fornjótr
Eskál Hardr 1^III
landfrœkn jǫfurr Lundar
‘the land-valiant prince of Lund’ = DANISH KING
The land-valiant prince of Lund → DANISH KING

AM 744 4°: 35r
Danish king, ruler, jarl
1.2. ruler of Denmark
Eskál Hardr 1^III
liðbrandr
‘limb-fires’ = ARM-RINGS
limb-fires; → ARM-RINGS

AM 744 4°: 35r
ring
3. fire of the limb
Eskál Hardr 1^III
grjót Rínar
‘the stones of the Rhine’ = GOLD
the stones of the Rhine → GOLD

AM 744 4°: 35r
gold
9.1.5. stones of the Rhine (A1)
Anon (SnE) 13^III
vegr Ránar
‘the road of Rán’ = SEA
the road of Rán → SEA

AM 744 4°: 35v
sea
9.1.1. path of Rán
ESk Frag 17^III
hraustum grennir skúfs Gǫndlar
‘the valiant feeder of Gǫndul’s skua’ = WARRIOR
Gǫndul’s skua; → RAVEN/EAGLE
the valiant feeder of the RAVEN/EAGLE → WARRIOR

AM 744 4°: 35v
[3] grenni: ‘gre᷎nne’ 744ˣ
[4] skúfs: ‘skufs’ 744ˣ
warrior
3.1.01. feeder of the bird of battlefield
ESk Frag 17^III
skúfr Gǫndlar
‘of Gǫndul’s skua’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
Gǫndul’s skua; → RAVEN/EAGLE

AM 744 4°: 35v
[4] skúfs: ‘skufs’ 744ˣ
raven/eagle
2.1. bird of the valkyrie (A2)
Ormr Woman 3^III
gæi-Þrúðr hanglúðrs hrosta
‘the watching Þrúðr of the hanging vessel of mash’ = WOMAN
the hanging vessel of mash → CAULDRON
The watching Þrúðr of the CAULDRON → WOMAN

AM 744 4°: 36r
female, woman
15. unique
Ormr Woman 3^III
hanglúðr hrosta
‘of the hanging vessel of mash’ = CAULDRON
the hanging vessel of mash → CAULDRON

AM 744 4°: 36r
cauldron, kettle
. vessel of mash
Ormr Woman 3^III
Lofn loga drafnar
‘the Lofn of the fire of the wave’ = WOMAN
the fire of the wave, → GOLD
the Lofn of the GOLD → WOMAN

AM 744 4°: 36r
[3] Lofn: lofn 744ˣ
[3] loga: ‘l . ga’ 744ˣ
female, woman
1.1.1. goddess of riches, wealth (B2b)
Ormr Woman 3^III
logi drafnar
‘of the fire of the wave’ = GOLD
the fire of the wave, → GOLD

AM 744 4°: 36r
[3] loga: ‘l . ga’ 744ˣ
gold
1.1.1.1. fire of the wave (A1)
Þfagr Frag 1^III
hlunnvísundr
‘the roller-bison’ = SHIP
the roller-bison → SHIP

AM 744 4°: 36r
ship, boat
1.2.2. wild animal of the ship
Ótt Hfl 5^I
hreinn hlunns
‘the reindeer of the roller’ = SHIP
the reindeer of the roller. → SHIP

AM 744 4°: 36r/6
ship, boat
1.2.2. wild animal of the ship
ESk Frag 18^III
viðr varra
‘the wood of the wake’ = SHIP
the wood of the wake; → SHIP

AM 744 4°: 36v
[3] varra: ‘varo’ 744ˣ
ship, boat
3.1. tree of the sea
Ótt Óldr 3^III
morð viðar
‘the destruction of the tree’ = WIND
the destruction of the tree → WIND

AM 744 4°: 36v
storm, wind
1.1. destruction of the tree
Refr Ferðv 5^III
vetrliði skíða
‘the bear of planks’ = SHIP
the bear of planks → SHIP

AM 744 4°: 36v/9
ship, boat
1.2.2. wild animal of the ship
Refr Ferðv 5^III
skeið Glamma
‘the race-course of Glammi’ = SEA
the race-course of Glammi; → SEA

AM 744 4°: 36v/9
[3] skeið: skreið 744ˣ, C
sea
2.2. path of the sea-king
Refr Ferðv 5^III
bjǫrn nauta Gusis
‘the bear of the gifts of Gusir’ = Ǫrvar-Oddr
the gifts of Gusir → ARROWS
the bear of ARROWS → Ǫrvar-Oddr

AM 744 4°: 36v/9
[4] bjǫrn Gusis nauta: ‘bio᷎rn ..us.. .auta’ 744ˣ
Ǫrvar-Oddr
1. bear of arrows
Refr Ferðv 5^III
nauti Gusis
‘of the gifts of Gusir’ = ARROWS
the gifts of Gusir → ARROWS

AM 744 4°: 36v/9
[4] bjǫrn Gusis nauta: ‘bio᷎rn ..us.. .auta’ 744ˣ
arrow
4.1. gifts of Gusir
ESk Frag 3^III
ítrserkr flœðar jastar
‘the splendid shirt of the yeast’s flood’ = DRINKING HORN
the yeast’s flood; → BEER
the splendid shirt of the BEER → DRINKING HORN

AM 744 4°: 37r
[3] nemi bjóðr hvé ferk flœðar (‘nemi bioðr hve ec fer flæþar’): ‘nemi bíoðr hue ek fer flódar’ 744ˣ
drinking horn
3. shirt of the drink
ESk Frag 3^III
flœð jastar
‘of the yeast’s flood’ = BEER
the yeast’s flood; → BEER

AM 744 4°: 37r
[3] nemi bjóðr hvé ferk flœðar (‘nemi bioðr hve ec fer flæþar’): ‘nemi bíoðr hue ek fer flódar’ 744ˣ
ale/beer
1. liquid of ale components
ESk Frag 3^III
bjóðr fjarðbáls
‘ may the donor of fjord-fire’ = GENEROUS MAN
fjord-fire → GOLD
may the donor of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

AM 744 4°: 37r
[3] nemi bjóðr hvé ferk flœðar (‘nemi bioðr hve ec fer flæþar’): ‘nemi bíoðr hue ek fer flódar’ 744ˣ
generous man
2.5.1. offerer of gold
ESk Frag 3^III
fjarðbál
‘of fjord-fire’ = GOLD
fjord-fire → GOLD

AM 744 4°: 37r
gold
1.1.1. fire of the sea (A1)
Mark Lv 2^III
málan sverrir sólar sœgs
‘the prattling flinger of the sun of the sea’ = GENEROUS MAN
the sun of the sea, → GOLD
the prattling flinger of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

AM 744 4°: 37r
[3] sólar sverri málan: ‘solar suerrí mala’ 744ˣ
generous man
2.3.1. flinger of gold
Mark Lv 2^III
sól sœgs
‘of the sun of the sea’ = GOLD
the sun of the sea, → GOLD

AM 744 4°: 37r
[3] sólar sverri málan: ‘solar suerrí mala’ 744ˣ
gold
1.3. heavenly body of waters (A1)
Mark Lv 2^III
regin slíðráls
‘gods of the scabbard-eel’ = WARRIORS
the scabbard-eel; → SWORD
gods of the SWORD → WARRIORS

AM 744 4°: 37r
[4] regin níða: ‘regín vida’ 744ˣ
warrior
1.4.1. god of the weapon
Mark Lv 2^III
slíðráll
‘of the scabbard-eel’ = SWORD
the scabbard-eel; → SWORD

AM 744 4°: 37r
sword
5.5. fish of the sword
Bragi Þórr 6^III
byrsendir vágs
‘the wind-sender of the sea’ = GIANT = Hymir
The wind-sender of the sea → GIANT = Hymir

AM 744 4°: 37r/4
giant
Bragi Þórr 6^III
mjótygill mœrar máva
‘the slender string of the marshland of seagulls’ = FISHING LINE
the marshland of seagulls → SEA
the slender string of the SEA → FISHING LINE

AM 744 4°: 37r/4
[4] mœrar: ‘me᷎rar’ 744ˣ
fishing-line
1. strap of the sea
Bragi Þórr 6^III
mœrr máva
‘of the marshland of seagulls’ = SEA
the marshland of seagulls → SEA

AM 744 4°: 37r/4
[4] mœrar: ‘me᷎rar’ 744ˣ
sea
6.1. land of the aquatic bird
Anon (SnE) 16^III
brimslóð
‘on the surf-tracks’ = SEA
on the surf-tracks. → SEA

AM 744 4°: 38r
sea
5.2. path of the sea
Arn Hardr 6^II
reiðr meiðir Eydana
‘the wrathful harmer of Island-Danes’ = Haraldr
The wrathful harmer of Island-Danes → Haraldr

AM 744 4°: 38r
[2] Eydana: ‘eyda...’ 744ˣ
Haraldr III harðráði Sigurðarson (r. 1046-66)
2. defeater of foreign people
Grani Frag 1^III
… slóð Glamma
‘… of the track of Glammi’ = SEA
… Of the track of Glammi … ; → SEA

AM 744 4°: 38r/4
[1] slóðar: flæðar A, 744ˣ
[1] Glamma: gamlar Tˣ, A, 744ˣ
sea
2.2. path of the sea-king
Hskv Frag 1^III
leygr skjaldar
‘the flame of the shield’ = SWORD
the flame of the shield → SWORD

AM 744 4°: 38v
[3] leygr þaut of: ‘leygr þaut of’ 744ˣ
sword
1.1.02.1. fire of the shield
ESk Elfv 1^II
marblakkr
‘of the sea-steed’ = SHIP
the sea-steed → SHIP

AM 744 4°: 39r
ship, boat
1.1.1.1. horse of the sea
ESk Elfv 1^II
Glaumr gýgjar
‘to the Glaumr of the troll-woman’ = WOLF
to the Glaumr of the troll-woman; → WOLF

AM 744 4°: 39r
wolf
1.1. horse of the giantess, troll-woman (A3)
ESk Elfv 1^II
heitu gjalfr unda
‘by the hot surge of wounds’ = BLOOD
by the hot surge of wounds; → BLOOD

AM 744 4°: 39r
[6] roðin heitu: ‘roð[...]’ B, 744ˣ
blood
1.1. liquid of wounds (A2)
ESk Elfv 1^II
varmt ǫlðr vitnis
‘the warm ale of the wolf’ = BLOOD
the warm ale of the wolf → BLOOD

AM 744 4°: 39r
[7] vitnis fell með vatni: ‘vitníss fell með vatne’ 744ˣ
blood
2.2. drink of the wolf (A3)
ESk Elfv 1^II
men Karmtar
‘the necklace of Karmøy’ = SEA
the necklace of Karmøy. → SEA

AM 744 4°: 39r
[8] í men: ‘í men’ 744ˣ
sea
1.3. necklace of the land
ÞjóðA Sex 31^II
sonr Sigvorðar
‘the son of Sigurðr’ = Haraldr
the son of Sigurðr → Haraldr

AM 744 4°: 39r/6
Haraldr III harðráði Sigurðarson (r. 1046-66)
1.1. son of Sigurðr sýr
Ill Har 1^II
menskerðir
‘the necklace-diminisher’ = GENEROUS MAN = Sigurðr
the necklace-diminisher → GENEROUS MAN = Sigurðr

AM 744 4°: 39v
generous man
1.01.3. destroyer of the necklace
Ill Har 1^II
myrkaurriði markar
‘the dark trout of the forest’ = SERPENT = Fáfnir
the dark trout of the forest → SERPENT = Fáfnir

AM 744 4°: 39v
[3] myrkaurriða: ‘myrk . . rriða’ 744ˣ
serpent, snake
1.1. fish or whale of the land (A1b)
Arn Frag 2^III
ógóðr áttbogi ylgjar
‘the evil offspring of the she-wolf’ = WOLF
The evil offspring of the she-wolf → WOLF

AM 744 4°: 39v/2
wolf
2.1. relative of the wolf (B4a and b)
Mark Eirdr 31^II
sól Rínar
‘the sun of the Rhine’ = GOLD
the sun of the Rhine → GOLD

AM 744 4°: 40v
gold
1.3. heavenly body of waters (A1)
Mark Eirdr 31^II
marfjall
‘the sea-mountains’ = WAVES
the sea-mountains. → WAVES

AM 744 4°: 40v
wave
1.2. mountain of the sea
Arn Þorfdr 5^II
hregg hjalma
‘the storm of helmets’ = BATTLE
the storm of helmets; → BATTLE

AM 744 4°: 41r
[2] hreggi: hreggi 744ˣ
battle
1.1.2.1. storm/wind of helmets
Arn Þorfdr 5^II
fetrjóðr Hugins
‘the foot-reddener of Huginn’ = WARRIOR
the foot-reddener of Huginn → WARRIOR

AM 744 4°: 41r
warrior
3.1.03. stainer of the bird of battlefield
Arn Þorfdr 5^II
skýrann
‘the cloud-hall’ = SKY/HEAVEN
the cloud-hall → SKY/HEAVEN

AM 744 4°: 41r
sky/heaven
1.4. house of the cloud
Arn Þorfdr 5^II
hlýri Einars
‘Einarr’s brother’ = Þorfinnr
Einarr’s brother → Þorfinnr

AM 744 4°: 41r
Þorfinnr Sigurðarson
1.3. brother of Einarr rangmuðr
Hfr ErfÓl 25^I
optþverrir sultar ulfa
‘the frequent diminisher of the famine of wolves’ = WARRIOR
the frequent diminisher of the famine of wolves, → WARRIOR

AM 744 4°: 41r
[2] optþverri: opt þverri all
warrior
3.2.1. feeder of the wolf
Hfr ErfÓl 25^I
skalmǫld
‘a sword-age’ = BATTLE
a sword-age → BATTLE

AM 744 4°: 41r
[6] skalmǫld hefr því valdit: skalmǫld hefir því valdit 744ˣ
battle
14.1. time of the sword
Hfr ErfÓl 25^I
dróttinn virða
‘the lord of men’ = RULER
the lord of men; → RULER

AM 744 4°: 41r
[7] virða: virða 744ˣ
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
1.1. lord of people
Mark Knútr 1^III
hneykir harra
‘the confounder of lords’ = RULER
The confounder of lords → RULER

AM 744 4°: 41v
[1] hneykir: ‘. neýkir’ 744ˣ
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
2.7. defeater of rulers
Mark Knútr 1^III
bróðir Sveins
‘Sveinn’s brother’ = Knútr Sveinsson
Sveinn’s brother. → Knútr Sveinsson

AM 744 4°: 41v
Knútr Sveinsson (S. Knútr, r. 1080-6)
. brother of Sveinn
ESk Ingdr 1^II
geirþing
‘a spear-assembly’ = BATTLE
a spear-assembly; → BATTLE

AM 744 4°: 42r
battle
3.1.2. meeting of spears
Grani Har 2^II
hirð Hugins
‘for the retinue of Huginn’ = RAVENS
for the retinue of Huginn → RAVENS

AM 744 4°: 42r
[4] Hugins jól við ‑nes: ‘hugins hiol ' es’ 744ˣ
raven
2.2. retinue of the raven (B3a)
Arn Frag 3^III
konr siklinga
‘the descendant of princes’ = RULER
The descendant of princes → RULER

AM 744 4°: 42v
[2] sælútar konr: ‘síalutar konr’ 744ˣ
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
2.1. descendant of a ruler
Ggnæv Frag 1^III
tunga naglfara
‘of the language of the nail-studded one’ = BATTLE
the language of the nail-studded one → BATTLE

AM 744 4°: 42v/4
[2] tungu: ‘tu. gu’ 744ˣ
battle
6.12. language of the sword
Ggnæv Frag 1^III
orð meðalkafla
‘the words of the sword-hilt’ = BATTLE
the words of the sword-hilt. → BATTLE

AM 744 4°: 42v/4
battle
6.07. words of swords
Þham Frag 1^III
niðr Vǫlsunga
‘the descendant of the Vǫlsungar’ = RULER
The descendant of the Vǫlsungar → RULER

AM 744 4°: 43r
[3] Vǫlsunga: ‘vo᷎lsunga’ 744ˣ
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
ÞjóðA Sex 29^II
blóðorri
‘the blood-grouse’ = RAVEN
the blood-grouse → RAVEN

AM 744 4°: 44r
[1] Blóðorra lætr barri: ‘Bloð o… ….barre’ 744ˣ
raven/eagle
1.2. bird of blood (A2)
ÞjóðA Sex 29^II
barr ara
‘the eagle’s barley’ = CORPSES
the eagle’s barley; → CORPSES

AM 744 4°: 44r
[1] Blóðorra lætr barri: ‘Bloð o… ….barre’ 744ˣ
corpse, slain
1.1. food of the raven/eagle
ÞjóðA Sex 29^II
konungr hǫrða
‘the king of the hǫrðar’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Haraldr
the king of the Hǫrðar → NORWEGIAN KING = Haraldr

AM 744 4°: 44r
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians
ÞjóðA Sex 29^II
sigð Gauts
‘the sickle of Gautr’ = SWORD
the sickle of Gautr → SWORD

AM 744 4°: 44r
sword
10.5. tool of Óðinn
ÞjóðA Sex 29^II
ǫrð svans sveita
‘the corn of the swan of blood’ = CORPSES
the swan of blood. → RAVEN
the corn of the RAVEN → CORPSES

AM 744 4°: 44r
[4] ǫrð: jǫrð A, 744ˣ, papp10ˣ, 2368ˣ, 743ˣ
corpse, slain
1.1. food of the raven/eagle
ÞjóðA Sex 29^II
svanr sveita
‘of the swan of blood’ = RAVEN
the swan of blood. → RAVEN

AM 744 4°: 44r
raven/eagle
1.2. bird of blood (A2)
ÞjóðA Sex 30^II
greddir hrægamms sævar ara
‘the feeder of the corpse-vulture of the sea of the eagle’ = WARRIOR
the sea of the eagle → BLOOD
the corpse-vulture of the BLOOD → RAVEN
The feeder of the RAVEN → WARRIOR

AM 744 4°: 44r/9
[1] greddir: ‘gre.dir’ 744ˣ
[4] ‑gamms ara sævar: ‘….s ara se᷎far’ 744ˣ
warrior
3.1.01. feeder of the bird of battlefield
ÞjóðA Sex 30^II
hrægammr sævar ara
‘of the corpse-vulture of the sea of the eagle’ = RAVEN
the sea of the eagle → BLOOD
the corpse-vulture of the BLOOD → RAVEN

AM 744 4°: 44r/9
[4] ‑gamms ara sævar: ‘….s ara se᷎far’ 744ˣ
raven/eagle
1.2. bird of blood (A2)
ÞjóðA Sex 30^II
sjór ara
‘of the sea of the eagle’ = BLOOD
the sea of the eagle → BLOOD

AM 744 4°: 44r/9
[4] ‑gamms ara sævar: ‘….s ara se᷎far’ 744ˣ
blood
1.5.1. liquid of the raven/eagle (A2)
ESk Frag 6^III
dýrr magnandi dolgskára
‘the splendid strengthener of the battle-gull’ = WARRIOR
the battle-gull → RAVEN/EAGLE
The splendid strengthener of the RAVEN/EAGLE → WARRIOR

AM 744 4°: 44v
warrior
3.1.05. strengthener of the bird of battlefield
ESk Frag 6^III
dolgskári
‘of the battle-gull’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
the battle-gull → RAVEN/EAGLE

AM 744 4°: 44v
raven/eagle
1.1. bird of battle (A2)
ESk Frag 6^III
dýrum Garmr bliksólar
‘the splendid Garmr of the gleam-sun’ = WEAPON
the gleam-sun; → SHIELD
the splendid Garmr of the SHIELD → WEAPON

AM 744 4°: 44v
[4] Garmi: ‘garme’ 744ˣ
[4] harmr blik‑: ‘harmr bli .’ 744ˣ
weapon
. dog of the shield
ESk Frag 6^III
bliksól
‘of the gleam-sun’ = SHIELD
the gleam-sun; → SHIELD

AM 744 4°: 44v
[4] harmr blik‑: ‘harmr bli .’ 744ˣ
shield
1.10. sun of the gleam
ESk Frag 6^III
harmr fermu Hugins
‘the grief of Huginn’s food’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
Huginn’s food → CORPSES
the grief of CORPSES → RAVEN/EAGLE

AM 744 4°: 44v
[4] harmr blik‑: ‘harmr bli .’ 744ˣ
[3] fermu: ‘fermu’ 744ˣ
[3] Hugins: ‘hugins’ 744ˣ
raven/eagle
4. harm of the corpse (A3)
ESk Frag 6^III
ferma Hugins
‘of Huginn’s food’ = CORPSES
Huginn’s food → CORPSES

AM 744 4°: 44v
[3] fermu: ‘fermu’ 744ˣ
[3] Hugins: ‘hugins’ 744ˣ
corpse, slain
1.1. food of the raven/eagle
Eskál Vell 35^I
herstefnandi
‘the army-summoner’ = RULER
The army-summoner → RULER

AM 744 4°: 44v/1
[3] ‑stefnandi: stefnandi 744ˣ
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
3.2. summoner of the army
Eskál Vell 35^I
tafn ylgjar
‘the prey of the she-wolf’ = CORPSE
the prey of the she-wolf. → CORPSE

AM 744 4°: 44v/1
corpse, slain
1.2. food of the wolf
ESk Frag 8^III
sámleitum faxi jarnsǫxu
‘of jarnsaxa’s swarthy steed’ = WOLF
Jarnsaxa’s swarthy steed → WOLF

AM 744 4°: 45r
wolf
1.1. horse of the giantess, troll-woman (A3)
ESk Frag 8^III
beita Gera
‘Geri’s bait’ = CORPSES
Geri’s bait; → CORPSES

AM 744 4°: 45r
corpse, slain
1.2. food of the wolf
ESk Frag 8^III
matr arnar
‘food of the eagle’ = CORPSES
food of the eagle → CORPSES

AM 744 4°: 45r
[3] matr: ‘matr’ 744ˣ
corpse, slain
1.1. food of the raven/eagle
Skúli Svǫlðr 3^III
Hlǫkk hvítinga
‘The Hlǫkk of drinking-horns’ = WOMAN
The Hlǫkk of drinking-horns → WOMAN

AM 744 4°: 45r
female, woman
7.1. female mythical being of drinking vessel (B2b)
Anon (SnE) 17^III
setr flausta
‘the abode of ships’ = SEA
the abode of ships; → SEA

AM 744 4°: 45v
[4] setr: setrs 744ˣ
sea
4.3. abode of the ship
Anon (SnE) 17^III
sonr Sveins
‘Sveinn’s son’ = Knútr
Sveinn’s son → Knútr

AM 744 4°: 45v
Knútr inn ríki Sveinsson (r. 1014-1035)
1. son of Sveinn tjúguskegg
Þjóð Haustl 2^III
ulfr snótar
‘the wolf of the woman’ = Þjazi
The wolf of the woman → Þjazi

AM 744 4°: 45v/3
Þjazi
4. destructive creature of the woman
Þjóð Haustl 2^III
marr ár-Gefnar
‘the horse of fruitfulness-Gefn’ = OX
fruitfulness-Gefn → Gefjun <goddess>
the horse of GEFJUN <GODDESS> → OX

AM 744 4°: 45v/3
bull, ox
2.2. horse of Gefjun (A2)
Þjóð Haustl 2^III
bjarga byrgitýr
‘refuge-god of crags’ = GIANT = Þjazi
the refuge of crags → CAVE
the god of the CAVE → GIANT = Þjazi

AM 744 4°: 45v/3
giant
1.2. male mythical being of the mountains
Þjóð Haustl 2^III
ár-Gefn
‘of fruitfulness-Gefn’ = Gefjun <goddess>
fruitfulness-Gefn → Gefjun <goddess>

AM 744 4°: 45v/3
Gefjun
1. goddess of fruitfulness (C2b)
Þjóð Haustl 2^III
bjarga byrgi
‘of the refuge of crags’ = CAVE
the refuge of crags → CAVE

AM 744 4°: 45v/3
cave
1.1. dwelling of the earth
Þjóð Haustl 2^III
segjandi sagna
‘with the commanders of the troops’ = Æsir
with the commanders of the troops → Æsir

AM 744 4°: 45v/3
Áss, god
4. leaders of the troops
Arn Þorfdr 12^II
harri hjaltlands
‘the lord of shetland’ = Þorfinnr
The lord of Shetland, → Þorfinnr

AM 744 4°: 46r
[2] Hjalt‑: ‘híat‑’ B, 744ˣ
Þorfinnr Sigurðarson
2. lord of Shetland
Arn Þorfdr 12^II
hverri þruma branda
‘every thunderclap of swords’ = BATTLE
every thunderclap of swords; → BATTLE

AM 744 4°: 46r
battle
2.1.1. din of swords
Gizsv Frag 1^III
blakkr flagðs
‘the steed of the troll-woman’ = WOLF
the steed of the troll-woman → WOLF

AM 744 4°: 46r
wolf
1.1. horse of the giantess, troll-woman (A3)
Gizsv Frag 1^III
svanr Hlakkar
‘the swan of Hlǫkk’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
the swan of Hlǫkk → RAVEN/EAGLE

AM 744 4°: 46r
[2] svan: ‘suan’ 744ˣ
raven/eagle
2.1. bird of the valkyrie (A2)
Gizsv Frag 1^III
gagl Yggs
‘the goslings of Yggr’ = RAVENS
the goslings of Yggr → RAVENS

AM 744 4°: 46r
[4] Yggs: ‘ýggs’ 744ˣ
raven
1.1. bird of Óðinn (A2)
Gizsv Frag 1^III
él Skǫglar
‘with the storms of Skǫgul’ = BATTLES
with the storms of Skǫgul. → BATTLES

AM 744 4°: 46r
[4] Skǫglar: ‘sko᷎glar’ 744ˣ
battle
1.2.4. shower of the valkyrie
Ótt Óldr 5^III
munlaust óskvíf víg-Freys
‘the loveless chosen wife of the battle-Freyr’ = Jǫrð
the battle-Freyr → Óðinn
the loveless chosen wife of ÓÐINN → Jǫrð

AM 744 4°: 46r
[2] mun‑: so 744ˣ, C
[4] óskvíf: ‘ósvifr’ 744ˣ
Jǫrð
1. consort of Óðinn (C3a)
Ótt Óldr 5^III
víg-Freyr
‘of the battle-Freyr’ = Óðinn
the battle-Freyr → Óðinn

AM 744 4°: 46r
Óðinn
2.1. god of battle (C2b)
Arn Hryn 12^II
þrýstir hlenna
‘crusher of thieves’ = JUST RULER
crusher of thieves, → JUST RULER

AM 744 4°: 46v
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
4.1. destroyer of evildoers
Sigv Berv 18^II
senjórr Nóregs
‘seigneur of Norway’ = Magnús
Seigneur of Norway, → Magnús

AM 744 4°: 46v
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.2. ruler of Norway
ÞjóðA Sex 8^II
hneykir hertoga
‘the confounder of war-leaders’ = RULER
the confounder of war-leaders → RULER

AM 744 4°: 46v/6
[1] ‑toga: ‘‑tuge’ 744ˣ
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
1.4. defeater of people
ÞjóðA Sex 8^II
herfingnum skunduðr haugs
‘the war-captured impeller of the mound’ = GENEROUS RULER
the war-captured impeller of the mound; → GENEROUS RULER

AM 744 4°: 46v/6
[2] her‑: harð 744ˣ
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
Hallv Knútdr 7^III
hasla jarðar
‘the hazel of the earth’ = Yggdrasill
the hazel of the earth → Yggdrasill

AM 744 4°: 47r
[1] Esat und jarðar hǫslu (‘Erat vnd iarþar havslv’): ‘Eru . .. j́ardar hellu’ 744ˣ
Yggdrasill
. tree of the earth
Hallv Knútdr 7^III
valdr munka
‘the ruler of monks’ = God
the ruler of monks → God

AM 744 4°: 47r
[3] munka: ‘mýndo’ 744ˣ
God
1.3.2. lord of monks
Hallv Knútdr 7^III
moldreks orðbrjótr
‘speech-breaker of the soil-ruler’ = GENEROUS MAN
the soil-ruler → GIANT
the speech of the GIANT → GOLD
the breaker of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

AM 744 4°: 47r
generous man
1.02.1. breaker of gold
Hallv Knútdr 7^III
moldreks orð
‘of the speech of the soil-ruler’ = GOLD
the soil-ruler → GIANT
the speech of the GIANT → GOLD

AM 744 4°: 47r
gold
8.1. utterance of the giant (A3)
Hallv Knútdr 7^III
mold(unlinked proper noun)
‘of the soil-ruler’ = GIANT
the soil-ruler → GIANT

AM 744 4°: 47r
giant
ÞjóðA Sex 27^II
ǫrð burðar Yrsu
‘with the grain of the offspring of Yrsa’ = GOLD
the offspring of Yrsa → Hrólfr kraki
with the grain of HRÓLFR KRAKI → GOLD

AM 744 4°: 47r/9
gold
9.3.1. grain of Hrólfr kraki (A1)
ÞjóðA Sex 27^II
burðr Yrsu
‘of the offspring of Yrsa’ = Hrólfr kraki
the offspring of Yrsa → Hrólfr kraki

AM 744 4°: 47r/9
Hrólfr kraki
. descendant of Yrsa
ÞjóðA Sex 27^II
bjartplógaðan brattakr vǫluspakra bauga
‘the bright-ploughed steep field of joint-calm rings’ = ARM
the bright-ploughed steep field of joint-calm rings → ARM

AM 744 4°: 47r/9
arm, hand
2.1. place of the ring (A3)
ÞjóðA Sex 27^II
ljósu barr Kraka
‘bright barley of Kraki (‘Pole-ladder’)’ = GOLD
bright barley of Kraki (‘Pole-ladder’) → GOLD

AM 744 4°: 47r/9
gold
9.3.1. grain of Hrólfr kraki (A1)
ÞjóðA Sex 27^II
kalfa hauks
‘territories of the hawk’ = ARMS
territories of the hawk, → ARMS

AM 744 4°: 47r/9
arm, hand
1.1.1. land of the bird of prey (A3)
Þul Hjálms 1^III
hǫttr Hropts
‘of Hroptr’s hood’ = HELMET
Hroptr’s hood: → HELMET

AM 744 4°: 71r
[1] Hropts: ‘Hroptz’ 744ˣ
helmet
1.1. headgear of Óðinn

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Kennings — AM 744 4° (744)

Eskál Vell 30I

AM 744 4°:

Eskál Vell 30I

AM 744 4°:

Eskál Vell 30I

AM 744 4°:

Eskál Vell 30I

AM 744 4°:

Eskál Vell 30I

AM 744 4°:

Eskál Vell 30I

AM 744 4°:

SnSt Ht 83III

AM 744 4°: 5r/13

SnSt Ht 83III

AM 744 4°: 5r/13

SnSt Ht 83III

AM 744 4°: 5r/13

SnSt Ht 83III

AM 744 4°: 5r/13

SnSt Ht 83III

AM 744 4°: 5r/13

SnSt Ht 83III

AM 744 4°: 5r/13

SnSt Ht 83III

AM 744 4°: 5r/13

Þorm Lv 22I

AM 744 4°: 7v/2

Þorm Lv 22I

AM 744 4°: 7v/2

Hár Lv 1I

AM 744 4°: 8r/16

Hár Lv 1I

AM 744 4°: 8r/16

Hár Lv 1I

AM 744 4°: 8r/16

Hár Lv 1I

AM 744 4°: 8r/16

Hár Lv 1I

AM 744 4°: 8r/16

Auðunn Lv 1III

AM 744 4°: 8v/3

Auðunn Lv 1III

AM 744 4°: 8v/3

Auðunn Lv 1III

AM 744 4°: 8v/3

Glúmr Gráf 12I

AM 744 4°: 8v/11

Anon (TGT) 1III

AM 744 4°: 9r/5

Anon (TGT) 2III

AM 744 4°: 9v/1

Anon (TGT) 2III

AM 744 4°: 9v/1

Anon (TGT) 2III

AM 744 4°: 9v/1

SkrautO Frag 1III

AM 744 4°: 10r/6

SkrautO Frag 1III

AM 744 4°: 10r/6

StarkSt Frag 1III

AM 744 4°: 10r/12

Anon (TGT) 3III

AM 744 4°: 10v/2

Anon (TGT) 5III

AM 744 4°: 11r/10

Eyv Lv 8I

AM 744 4°: 11r/13

Eyv Lv 8I

AM 744 4°: 11r/13

Eyv Lv 8I

AM 744 4°: 11r/13

Eyv Lv 8I

AM 744 4°: 11r/13

Eyv Lv 8I

AM 744 4°: 11r/13

Eyv Lv 8I

AM 744 4°: 11r/13

Eskál Vell 30^I

Eskál Vell 30^I

Eskál Vell 30^I

Eskál Vell 30^I

Eskál Vell 30^I

Eskál Vell 30^I

SnSt Ht 83^III

SnSt Ht 83^III

SnSt Ht 83^III

SnSt Ht 83^III

SnSt Ht 83^III

SnSt Ht 83^III

SnSt Ht 83^III

Þorm Lv 22^I

Þorm Lv 22^I

Hár Lv 1^I

Hár Lv 1^I

Hár Lv 1^I

Hár Lv 1^I

Hár Lv 1^I

Auðunn Lv 1^III

Auðunn Lv 1^III

Auðunn Lv 1^III

Glúmr Gráf 12^I

Anon (TGT) 1^III

Anon (TGT) 2^III

Anon (TGT) 2^III

Anon (TGT) 2^III

SkrautO Frag 1^III

SkrautO Frag 1^III

StarkSt Frag 1^III

Anon (TGT) 3^III

Anon (TGT) 5^III

Eyv Lv 8^I

Eyv Lv 8^I

Eyv Lv 8^I

Eyv Lv 8^I

Eyv Lv 8^I

Eyv Lv 8^I

Eyv Lv 8^I

Eyv Lv 8^I

Eyv Lv 8^I

Anon (TGT) 7^III

Anon (TGT) 7^III

Anon Bjark 4^III

Anon Bjark 4^III

Anon Bjark 4^III

Anon Bjark 4^III

Anon Bjark 4^III

Anon Bjark 4^III

Anon Bjark 5^III

Anon Bjark 5^III

Anon Bjark 5^III

Anon Bjark 5^III

Anon Bjark 5^III

Anon Bjark 5^III

Anon Bjark 5^III

Anon Bjark 5^III

Anon Bjark 6^III

Anon Bjark 6^III

Anon Bjark 6^III

Anon Bjark 6^III

ESk Øxfl 8^III

ESk Øxfl 8^III

ESk Øxfl 8^III

ESk Øxfl 8^III

ESk Øxfl 8^III

ESk Øxfl 8^III

ESk Øxfl 8^III

ESk Øxfl 8^III

Eskál Hardr 1^III

Eskál Hardr 1^III

Eskál Hardr 1^III

Refr Giz 2^III