Kenning Lexicon - kennings in ms

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Kennings — Jón Ólafsson 1741 (JÓ)

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Ótt Hfl 13^I
láðvǫrðr
‘land-guardian’ = KING
Land-guardian, → KING

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 8
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
5.1. guardian of the land
Ótt Hfl 13^I
rúni rekka
‘the counsellor of warriors’ = KING = Æthelred
the counsellor of warriors → KING = Æthelred

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 8
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
1.2. friend of people
Ótt Hfl 13^I
niðr játmundar
‘the kinsman of eadmund’ = Æthelred
the kinsman of Eadmund → Æthelred

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 8
Æthelred
. relative of Eadmund
Ótt Knútdr 1^I
lýtir lǫgreiðar
‘destroyer of the sea-chariot’ = SEAFARER
the sea-chariot, → SHIP
Destroyer of the SHIP → SEAFARER

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 10
sea-warrior
1. destroyer of the ship
Ótt Knútdr 1^I
lǫgreið
‘of the sea-chariot’ = SHIP
the sea-chariot, → SHIP

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 10
ship, boat
4.1. chariot of the sea
Ótt Knútdr 1^I
folksveimaðr
‘army-traveller’ = WARRIOR
army-traveller, → WARRIOR

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 10
warrior
4.7 . man of the army
Ótt Knútdr 2^I
skreytir skauthreina
‘the adorner of sail-reindeer’ = SEAFARER
sail-reindeer → SHIPS
the adorner of SHIPS → SEAFARER

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 10
seafarer
1.1.02. adorner of the ship
Ótt Knútdr 2^I
skauthreinn
‘of sail-reindeer’ = SHIPS
sail-reindeer → SHIPS

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 10
ship, boat
1.2.2. wild animal of the ship
Hallv Knútdr 3^III
frægr, heiptsnarr vǫrðr leiptra hildar
‘the famous, battle-bold guardian of the lightnings of battle’ = WARRIOR
the lightnings of battle → SWORDS
the famous, battle-bold guardian of SWORDS → WARRIOR

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 12
warrior
1.7.11. guardian of the weapon
Hallv Knútdr 3^III
leiptr hildar
‘of the lightnings of battle’ = SWORDS
the lightnings of battle → SWORDS

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 12
sword
1.2.1. light of battle
Hallv Knútdr 3^III
ættleifð Ellu
‘the patrimony of Ælla’ = England
the patrimony of Ælla, → England

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 12
Hallv Knútdr 3^III
már sverðmans
‘the gull of the sword-girl’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
the sword-girl. → VALKYRIE
the gull of the VALKYRIE → RAVEN/EAGLE

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 12
raven/eagle
2.1. bird of the valkyrie (A2)
Hallv Knútdr 3^III
sundvigg
‘sea-horse’ = SHIP
sea-horse, → SHIP

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 12
ship, boat
1.1.1.1. horse of the sea
Hallv Knútdr 3^III
snyrtiherðir Ullar sundviggs
‘splendid strengthener of Ullr’s sea-horse’ = WARRIOR
sea-horse, → SHIP
Ullr’s of the SHIP → SHIELD
Splendid strengthener of the SHIELD → WARRIOR

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 12
[7] ‑herðir: gerðar all
warrior
1.7.07. strengthener of the weapon
Hallv Knútdr 3^III
Ullar sundviggs
‘of Ullr’s sea-horse’ = SHIELD
sea-horse, → SHIP
Ullr’s of the SHIP → SHIELD

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 12
shield
13.1. ship of Ullr
Hallv Knútdr 3^III
sverðman
‘of the sword-girl’ = VALKYRIE
the sword-girl. → VALKYRIE

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 12
valkyrie
1.2. woman of weapons and armour (B2b)
Ótt Knútdr 3^I
dróttinn Jóta
‘the lord of the Jótar’ = DANISH KING = Knútr
The lord of the Jótar → DANISH KING = Knútr

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 12
Danish king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Danes
Ótt Knútdr 3^I
ætt Játgeirs
‘the kindred of Eadgar’ = THE ENGLISH
the kindred of Eadgar → THE ENGLISH

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 12
English people
. relatives of an English king
Ótt Knútdr 3^I
konr stillis
‘ruler’s son’ = Knútr
ruler’s son, → Knútr

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 12
[8] konr: so with kom in margin JÓ
Knútr inn ríki Sveinsson (r. 1014-1035)
Ótt Knútdr 4^I
heift húss
‘the destroyer of the house’ = FIRE
the destroyer of the house. → FIRE

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 12
[3] húss of: hús ok all
fire, flame
1.5. hatred of wood
ÞKolb Eirdr 16^I
hrafngefandi
‘the raven-benefactors’ = WARRIORS
The raven-benefactors, → WARRIORS

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 12/37
warrior
3.1.07. provider of the bird of battlefield
ÞKolb Eirdr 16^I
glaumr skers hjalta
‘the merriment of the skerry of the hilt’ = BATTLE
the skerry of the hilt. → SWORD
the merriment of the SWORD → BATTLE

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 12/37
battle
2.1.1. din of swords
ÞKolb Eirdr 16^I
sker hjalta
‘of the skerry of the hilt’ = SWORD
the skerry of the hilt. → SWORD

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 12/37
sword
. land of the sword
Ótt Knútdr 5^I
þrøngvir Svía
‘oppressor of the Swedes’ = Knútr
Oppressor of the Swedes, → Knútr

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 14
Knútr inn ríki Sveinsson (r. 1014-1035)
6. defeater of the Swedes
Ótt Knútdr 6^I
hvǫtuðr gunnar
‘the urger of battle’ = WARRIOR
The urger of battle → WARRIOR

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 16
[6] hvǫtuðr: ‘hautudr’ all
warrior
2.5.1.1. hastener of battle
Ótt Knútdr 6^I
inn snjalli mǫgr Sveins
‘the bold son of Sveinn’ = Knútr
the bold son of Sveinn → Knútr

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 16
Knútr inn ríki Sveinsson (r. 1014-1035)
1. son of Sveinn tjúguskegg
Ótt Knútdr 10^I
blóðtrani
‘the blood-crane’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
the blood-crane → RAVEN/EAGLE

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 20
raven/eagle
1.2. bird of blood (A2)
Ótt Knútdr 7^I
friðrskerðir randa
‘peace-breaker of shields’ = WARRIOR
Peace-breaker of shields, → WARRIOR

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 20
warrior
1.7.02. destroyer of the weapon
Ótt Knútdr 7^I
gǫfugr ættniðr Játmundar
‘the noble descendant of Eadmund’ = Edmund Ironside
The noble descendant of Eadmund → Edmund Ironside

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 20
Eadmund Ironside
. descendant of Eadmund
Ótt Knútdr 9^I
blíðr bjóðr stórgjafa
‘gracious giver of great gifts’ = GENEROUS MAN
Gracious giver of great gifts, → GENEROUS MAN

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 22
generous man
2.5. offerer of wealth
ÞKolb Eirdr 12^I
eggveðr
‘to the edge-storm’ = BATTLE
to the edge-storm; → BATTLE

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 22/8
battle
1.1.1. storm/wind of the weapon
ÞKolb Eirdr 12^I
áttstórr Ullr brands
‘the high-born Ullr of the sword’ = WARRIOR
The high-born Ullr of the sword → WARRIOR

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 22/8
warrior
1.4.1.04. Ullr of the weapon
ÞKolb Eirdr 12^I
bládýr bôru
‘the dark animals of the wave’ = SHIPS
the dark animals of the wave → SHIPS

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 22/8
ship, boat
1.1.2. wild animal of the sea
ÞKolb Eirdr 13^I
kjǫlslóð
‘the keel-paths’ = SEA
the keel-paths, → SEA

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 22/27
sea
4.2. path of the ship
ÞKolb Eirdr 13^I
varrláð
‘the oarstroke-land’ = SEA
the oarstroke-land. → SEA

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 22/27
sea
5.1. land of the sea
Anon Liðs 2^I
margr frár Ullr oddsennu
‘many a fierce Ullr of the point-quarrel’ = WARRIOR
the point-quarrel → BATTLE
Many a fierce Ullr of the BATTLE → WARRIOR

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 24
[3] frár: so JÓ, 20dˣ, 873ˣ, 41ˣ
[2] odd‑: ‘od’ JÓ, 20dˣ, 873ˣ, 41ˣ
warrior
2.3.1.4. Ullr of battle
Anon Liðs 2^I
oddsenna
‘of the point-quarrel’ = BATTLE
the point-quarrel → BATTLE

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 24
[2] odd‑: ‘od’ JÓ, 20dˣ, 873ˣ, 41ˣ
battle
5.1. strife of weapons
Anon Liðs 2^I
gjóðr Hnikars
‘the osprey of Hnikarr’ = RAVEN
the osprey of Hnikarr → RAVEN

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 24
raven
1.1. bird of Óðinn (A2)
Anon Liðs 9^I
Hlǫkk horna
‘the Hlǫkk of drinking horns’ = WOMAN
the Hlǫkk of drinking horns → WOMAN

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 24
female, woman
7.1. female mythical being of drinking vessel (B2b)
Anon Liðs 9^I
hjalmskóð
‘the helmet-destroyers’ = SWORDS
the helmet-destroyers → SWORDS

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 24
[4] hjalm‑: hræ JÓ, 20dˣ, 873ˣ, 41ˣ
sword
9.1.2. harm of the helmet
Anon Liðs 9^I
már Hanga
‘the seagull of Hangi’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
the seagull of Hangi → RAVEN/EAGLE

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 24
raven
1.1. bird of Óðinn (A2)
Anon Liðs 9^I
sá sveigir gunnborðs
‘that brandisher of the battle-plank’ = WARRIOR
the battle-plank → SHIELD
That brandisher of the SHIELD → WARRIOR

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 24
warrior
1.7.10. bender of the weapon
Anon Liðs 9^I
gunnborð
‘of the battle-plank’ = SHIELD
the battle-plank → SHIELD

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 24
shield
3.1. board of battle
Anon Liðs 9^I
laukr sára
‘the leek of wounds’ = SWORD
the leek of wounds → SWORD

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 24
sword
4.3.1. leek of the wound
Ótt Knútdr 8^I
hnekkir hleypiblakka hlunns
‘restrainer of the leaping steeds of the roller’ = SEAFARER
the leaping steeds of the roller, → SHIPS
Restrainer of SHIPS → SEAFARER

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 24
seafarer
1.1.18. repeller of the ship
Ótt Knútdr 8^I
hleypiblakkr hlunns
‘of the leaping steeds of the roller’ = SHIPS
the leaping steeds of the roller, → SHIPS

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 24
ship, boat
1.2.1.1. horse of the ship
Anon Liðs 8^I
sigrfíkinn vísi dana
‘the victory-avid leader of the danes’ = DANISH KING = Knútr
the victory-avid leader of the Danes → DANISH KING = Knútr

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 24/5
Danish king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Danes
Anon Liðs 8^I
blóðíss
‘the blood-ice’ = SWORD
the blood-ice → SWORD

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 24/5
sword
3.5. ice of blood
ÞKolb Eirdr 14^I
gollkennir
‘the gold-master’ = GENEROUS MAN = Eiríkr
The gold-master → GENEROUS MAN = Eiríkr

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 26/8
male, man
3.03. master of riches
ÞKolb Eirdr 14^I
leyfðr Þundr hests grœðis
‘the celebrated Þundr of the horse of the sea’ = SEAFARER = Eiríkr
the horse of the sea → SHIP
the celebrated Þundr of the SHIP → SEAFARER = Eiríkr

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 26/8
[3] leyfðr: ‘leyfr’ JÓ, 20dˣ, 873ˣ, 20i 23ˣ
seafarer
1.3.1. god of the ship
ÞKolb Eirdr 14^I
hestr grœðis
‘of the horse of the sea’ = SHIP
the horse of the sea → SHIP

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 26/8
ship, boat
1.1.1.1. horse of the sea
ÞKolb Eirdr 14^I
regn rekka Þorins
‘the rain of the men of Þorinn’ = POETRY
the men of Þorinn → DWARFS
the rain of DWARFS → POETRY

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 26/8
[5] ‑Þorins: ‑þorinn 73aˣ, 78aˣ, 54, Bb(106rb), JÓ, 20dˣ, 873ˣ, 20i 23ˣ
poetry
1.2.2. liquid of the dwarfs
ÞKolb Eirdr 14^I
rekkr Þorins
‘of the men of Þorinn’ = DWARFS
the men of Þorinn → DWARFS

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 26/8
[5] ‑Þorins: ‑þorinn 73aˣ, 78aˣ, 54, Bb(106rb), JÓ, 20dˣ, 873ˣ, 20i 23ˣ
dwarf
2. man of the dwarf
ÞKolb Eirdr 15^I
hvatr Freyr folkstafns
‘the brave Freyr of the battle-stem’ = WARRIOR
the battle-stem, → SWORD
The brave Freyr of the SWORD → WARRIOR

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 26/18
warrior
1.4.1.05. Freyr of the weapon
ÞKolb Eirdr 15^I
folkstafn
‘of the battle-stem’ = SWORD
the battle-stem, → SWORD

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 26/18
sword
6.2. rod of battle
ÞKolb Eirdr 15^I
spor eggja sverðs
‘tracks of the edges of the sword’ = WOUNDS
tracks of the edges of the sword → WOUNDS

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 26/18
wound
1.1. track of the weapon
ÞKolb Eirdr 16^I
hrafngefandi
‘the raven-benefactors’ = WARRIORS
The raven-benefactors, → WARRIORS

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 26/28
warrior
3.1.07. provider of the bird of battlefield
ÞKolb Eirdr 16^I
glaumr skers hjalta
‘the merriment of the skerry of the hilt’ = BATTLE
the skerry of the hilt. → SWORD
the merriment of the SWORD → BATTLE

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 26/28
battle
2.1.1. din of swords
ÞKolb Eirdr 16^I
sker hjalta
‘of the skerry of the hilt’ = SWORD
the skerry of the hilt. → SWORD

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 26/28
sword
. land of the sword
Sigv Knútdr 11^I
fár hringdrífr
‘few ring-distributors’ = GENEROUS RULERS
Few ring-distributors → GENEROUS RULERS

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 30/30
generous man
. driver of the ring
Þloft Tøgdr 7^I
hlynr malmdyns
‘the maple of metal-din’ = WARRIOR
metal-din → BATTLE
the maple of the BATTLE → WARRIOR

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 34
warrior
2.1. tree of battle
Þloft Tøgdr 7^I
malmdynr
‘of metal-din’ = BATTLE
metal-din → BATTLE

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 34
battle
2.1. din of weapons
Þloft Tøgdr 7^I
víghagr morðstœrir
‘the slaying-skilled battle-increaser’ = WARRIOR
the slaying-skilled battle-increaser → WARRIOR

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 34
warrior
2.5.1. increaser / strengthener of battle
Þfagr Sveinn 1^II
haukstorða fúrsendir
‘the fire-distributor of hawk-lands’ = GENEROUS MAN
hawk-lands → ARMS
the fire of ARMS → GOLD
The distributor of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 38
generous man
2.4.1. sender of gold
Þfagr Sveinn 1^II
haukstorða fúrr
‘of the fire of hawk-lands’ = GOLD
hawk-lands → ARMS
the fire of ARMS → GOLD

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 38
gold
2.1.1. fire of the arm/hand (A1)
Þfagr Sveinn 1^II
haukstorð
‘of hawk-lands’ = ARMS
hawk-lands → ARMS

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 38
arm, hand
1.1.1. land of the bird of prey (A3)
Þfagr Sveinn 1^II
vakr vals
‘the buzzard-hawks of the slain’ = RAVENS/EAGLES
the buzzard-hawks of the slain → RAVENS/EAGLES

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 38
raven/eagle
1.3. bird of the corpse (A2)
Þfagr Sveinn 1^II
gnýr hjǫrva
‘the din of swords’ = BATTLE
the din of swords; → BATTLE

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 38
battle
2.1.1. din of swords
Þfagr Sveinn 10^II
hauldvinr
‘the friend of freeholders’ = KING
the friend of freeholders → KING

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 40
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
1.2. friend of people
Steinn Nizv 6^II
hungrdeyfi ins hvassa hrafns
‘the hunger-appeaser of the fierce raven’ = WARRIOR = Haraldr
the hunger-appeaser of the fierce raven → WARRIOR = Haraldr

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 44
warrior
3.1.01. feeder of the bird of battlefield
Steinn Nizv 6^II
hungrdeyfir
‘the hunger-appeaser’ = FEEDER
the hunger-appeaser → FEEDER

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 44
feeder, nourisher
2. appeaser of hunger
Steinn Nizv 6^II
annan sveigjandi látrs linns
‘the other bender of the snake’s lair’ = GENEROUS MAN = Sveinn
the snake’s lair. → GOLD
the other bender of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN = Sveinn

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 44
[4] sveigjanda: ‘svegianda’ JÓ
generous man
1.08. bender of wealth
Steinn Nizv 6^II
látr linns
‘of the snake’s lair’ = GOLD
the snake’s lair. → GOLD

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 44
gold
3.1.2. lair of the serpent (A3)
Steinn Nizv 7^II
allvaldr dana
‘the mighty ruler of the danes’ = Sveinn
The mighty ruler of the Danes → Sveinn

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 46
Danish king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Danes
Steinn Nizv 7^II
hrafnfœðir
‘the raven-feeder’ = WARRIOR
the raven-feeder → WARRIOR

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 46
warrior
3.1.01. feeder of the bird of battlefield
Mark Eirdr 3^II
fœðir fremðarráða
‘the nourisher of outstanding actions’ = RULER
The nourisher of outstanding actions → RULER

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 142/9
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
Mark Eirdr 3^II
vǫrðr foldar
‘the guardians of the earth’ = RULERS
the guardians of the earth → RULERS

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 142/9
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
5.1. guardian of the land
Mark Eirdr 4^II
rýrir Vinða
‘the vanquisher of the Wends’ = Eiríkr
the vanquisher of the Wends → Eiríkr

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 142/21
Eiríkr I inn góði Sveinsson (r. 1095-1103)
2. defeater of the Wends
Mark Eirdr 4^II
oddr helmings
‘the leader of the unit’ = WARRIOR
the leader of the unit → WARRIOR

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 142/21
warrior
Mark Eirdr 4^II
bróðir Knúts
‘the brother of Knútr’ = Eiríkr
The brother of Knútr → Eiríkr

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 142/21
Eiríkr I inn góði Sveinsson (r. 1095-1103)
1.1. brother of Knútr Sveinsson
Mark Eirdr 4^II
eyðir svikfolks
‘the destroyer of treacherous people’ = JUST RULER
the destroyer of treacherous people, → JUST RULER

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 142/21
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
4.1. destroyer of evildoers
Mark Eirdr 5^II
rǫf armleggjar
‘the amber of the arm’ = GOLD
the amber of the arm. → GOLD

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 144/10
gold
2.1.2. amber of the arm/hand (A1)
Mark Eirdr 5^II
hildarramr sløngvir harra
‘the battle-mighty disperser of lords’ = RULER
The battle-mighty disperser of lords → RULER

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 144/10
[5] sløngvir: sløngvit JÓ, 873ˣ
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
Mark Eirdr 5^II
stillir stóls Fróða
‘the controller of Fróði’s seat’ = Eiríkr
Fróði’s seat → Denmark
the controller of DENMARK → Eiríkr

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 144/10
Danish king, ruler, jarl
1.2. ruler of Denmark
Mark Eirdr 5^II
stóll Fróða
‘of Fróði’s seat’ = Denmark
Fróði’s seat → Denmark

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 144/10
Denmark
2. seat of Fróði
Mark Eirdr 6^II
fergir Vinða
‘the vanquisher of the Wends’ = Eiríkr
The vanquisher of the Wends → Eiríkr

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 146
Eiríkr I inn góði Sveinsson (r. 1095-1103)
2. defeater of the Wends
Mark Eirdr 6^II
valdari sigrs
‘the wielder of victory’ = WARRIOR
the wielder of victory → WARRIOR

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 146
warrior
5.3. controller of victory
Mark Eirdr 7^II
hróðigr beiðir brynþings
‘the famed convenor of the byrnie-meeting’ = WARRIOR
the byrnie-meeting → BATTLE
The famed convenor of the BATTLE → WARRIOR

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 146
warrior
2.5.5. demander of battle
Mark Eirdr 7^II
brynþing
‘of the byrnie-meeting’ = BATTLE
the byrnie-meeting → BATTLE

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 146
battle
3.2.1. meeting of mail-coats
Mark Eirdr 9^II
bróðir fimm hǫfuðskjǫldunga
‘the brother of five principal kings’ = Eiríkr
The brother of five principal kings → Eiríkr

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 148
Eiríkr I inn góði Sveinsson (r. 1095-1103)
1.4. brother of five kings
Mark Eirdr 10^II
hlýri Haralds
‘Haraldr’s brother’ = Eiríkr
Haraldr’s brother → Eiríkr

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 148
Eiríkr I inn góði Sveinsson (r. 1095-1103)
1.2. brother of Haraldr hein Sveinsson
Mark Eirdr 10^II
áttkonr yngva
‘the descendant of a king’ = KING
the descendant of a king → KING

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 148
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
2.1. descendant of a ruler
Mark Eirdr 12^II
unnandi Krists
‘the devotee of Christ’ = Eiríkr
the devotee of Christ → Eiríkr

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 150
Eiríkr I inn góði Sveinsson (r. 1095-1103)
3. friend of Christ
Mark Eirdr 17^II
herr hǫrga
‘the host of heathen temples’ = HEATHENS = Wends
The host of heathen temples → HEATHENS = Wends

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 154
heathens
. host of the temples
Mark Eirdr 17^II
skúr odda
‘showers of arrow-points’ = BATTLE
showers of arrow-points; → BATTLE

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 154
battle
1.2.1. shower of weapons
Mark Eirdr 18^II
hegnir rógs
‘the punisher of discord’ = JUST RULER
the punisher of discord → JUST RULER

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 154
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
. destroyer of strife
Mark Eirdr 19^II
hamla vígs
‘of the staff of battle’ = SPEAR
the staff of battle → SPEAR

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 156
spear
2.2. rod of battle
Mark Eirdr 20^II
grand elris
‘the harmer of the alder-tree’ = FIRE
the harmer of the alder-tree → FIRE

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 156
fire, flame
1.1. harm of wood
Mark Eirdr 21^II
ástvinr aldar
‘the beloved friend of people’ = RULER
the beloved friend of people → RULER

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 156
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
1.2. friend of people
Mark Eirdr 22^II
treystir folka
‘the trier of men’ = RULER
The trier of men → RULER

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 158
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
1.5. trier of people
Mark Eirdr 22^II
harða nýtr reifir hersa
‘the very bountiful gladdener of hersar’ = RULER
The very bountiful gladdener of hersar → RULER

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 158
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
1.6. promoter of people
Mark Eirdr 23^II
grœðir vísdóms
‘the nourisher of wisdom’ = JUST RULER
The nourisher of wisdom → JUST RULER

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 162
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
. increaser of wisdom
Mark Eirdr 23^II
hollvinr herjar
‘the loyal friend of the people’ = JUST RULER
the loyal friend of the people → JUST RULER

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 162
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
3.8. friend of the army
Mark Eirdr 23^II
þau flaust tíða
‘those ships of services’ = CHURCHES
Those ships of services, → CHURCHES

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 162
church
2. ship of mass
Mark Eirdr 24^II
stýrir Frakklands
‘the ruler of France’ = Philip I
The ruler of France → Philip I

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 164
Philip I (r. 1052-1108)
1. ruler of France
Mark Eirdr 24^II
blíðan hlýri Bjarnar
‘the pleasant brother of Bjǫrn’ = Eiríkr
the pleasant brother of Bjǫrn → Eiríkr

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 164
Eiríkr I inn góði Sveinsson (r. 1095-1103)
1.3. brother of Bjǫrn Sveinsson
Mark Eirdr 24^II
rýrir randgarðs
‘the diminisher of the shield-wall’ = WARRIOR
the diminisher of the shield-wall → WARRIOR

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 164
warrior
. destroyer of the shield-wall
Mark Eirdr 24^II
ríks keisara
‘of the powerful emperor’ = Henry IV
the powerful emperor. → Henry IV

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 164
questionable kennings
Mark Eirdr 24^II
spjalli harra
‘the companion of lords’ = RULER = Henry IV
The companion of lords → RULER = Henry IV

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 164
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
1.2. friend of people
Mark Eirdr 24^II
ǫðlingr grundar Jóta
‘the noble leader of the land of the Jótar’ = Eiríkr
the land of the Jótar → Denmark
the noble leader of DENMARK → Eiríkr

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 164
Mark Eirdr 24^II
grund Jóta
‘of the land of the Jótar’ = Denmark
the land of the Jótar → Denmark

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 164
Denmark
1. land of the Danish
Mark Eirdr 25^II
reynir haulda
‘the trier of freeholders’ = God
the trier of freeholders → God

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 166
God
. tester of men
Mark Eirdr 26^II
mœðir hersa
‘the troubler of hersar’ = RULER = Eiríkr
the troubler of hersar → RULER = Eiríkr

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 166
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
1.4. defeater of people
Mark Eirdr 27^II
ríkir jǫfra
‘a ruler of princes’ = KING
A ruler of princes → KING

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 166
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
2.2. lord of princes
Mark Eirdr 27^II
þengill dana
‘the prince of the danes’ = Eiríkr
the prince of the Danes. → Eiríkr

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 166
Danish king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Danes
Mark Eirdr 28^II
reynir máttar hersa
‘the trier of the might of hersar’ = RULER = Byzantine emperor
the trier of the might of hersar → RULER = Byzantine emperor

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 168
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
1.5. trier of people
Mark Eirdr 29^II
stýrandi alls
‘the commander of all’ = God
The commander of all → God

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 170
God
1.6. lord of all
Mark Eirdr 29^II
dyggvan steypir dolga
‘the virtuous destroyer of enemies’ = JUST RULER
the virtuous destroyer of enemies; → JUST RULER

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 170
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
1.4. defeater of people
Mark Eirdr 30^II
hristimeiðr borgar hjǫrva
‘the brandishing-trees of the stronghold of swords’ = WARRIORS
the stronghold of swords → SHIELD
The brandishing-trees of the SHIELD → WARRIORS

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 170
warrior
1.7.01.1. shaker of the weapon
Mark Eirdr 30^II
borg hjǫrva
‘of the stronghold of swords’ = SHIELD
the stronghold of swords → SHIELD

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 170
shield
. fortification of the sword
Mark Eirdr 30^II
hegnir jarla
‘the punisher of jarls’ = KING
the punisher of jarls; → KING

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 170
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
2.5. destroyer of princes
Mark Eirdr 30^II
harri dana
‘the lord of the danes’ = Eiríkr
the lord of the Danes; → Eiríkr

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 170
Danish king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Danes

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Kennings — Jón Ólafsson 1741 (JÓ)

Ótt Hfl 13I

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 8

Ótt Hfl 13I

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 8

Ótt Hfl 13I

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 8

Ótt Knútdr 1I

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 10

Ótt Knútdr 1I

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 10

Ótt Knútdr 1I

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 10

Ótt Knútdr 2I

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 10

Ótt Knútdr 2I

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 10

Hallv Knútdr 3III

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 12

Hallv Knútdr 3III

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 12

Hallv Knútdr 3III

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 12

Hallv Knútdr 3III

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 12

Hallv Knútdr 3III

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 12

Hallv Knútdr 3III

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 12

Hallv Knútdr 3III

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 12

Hallv Knútdr 3III

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 12

Ótt Knútdr 3I

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 12

Ótt Knútdr 3I

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 12

Ótt Knútdr 3I

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 12

Ótt Knútdr 4I

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 12

ÞKolb Eirdr 16I

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 12/37

ÞKolb Eirdr 16I

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 12/37

ÞKolb Eirdr 16I

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 12/37

Ótt Knútdr 5I

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 14

Ótt Knútdr 6I

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 16

Ótt Knútdr 6I

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 16

Ótt Knútdr 10I

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 20

Ótt Knútdr 7I

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 20

Ótt Knútdr 7I

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 20

Ótt Knútdr 9I

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 22

ÞKolb Eirdr 12I

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 22/8

ÞKolb Eirdr 12I

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 22/8

ÞKolb Eirdr 12I

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 22/8

ÞKolb Eirdr 13I

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 22/27

ÞKolb Eirdr 13I

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 22/27

Anon Liðs 2I

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 24

Anon Liðs 2I

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 24

Anon Liðs 2I

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 24

Anon Liðs 9I

Jón Ólafsson 1741: 24

Ótt Hfl 13^I

Ótt Hfl 13^I

Ótt Hfl 13^I

Ótt Knútdr 1^I

Ótt Knútdr 1^I

Ótt Knútdr 1^I

Ótt Knútdr 2^I

Ótt Knútdr 2^I

Hallv Knútdr 3^III

Hallv Knútdr 3^III

Hallv Knútdr 3^III

Hallv Knútdr 3^III

Hallv Knútdr 3^III

Hallv Knútdr 3^III

Hallv Knútdr 3^III

Hallv Knútdr 3^III

Ótt Knútdr 3^I

Ótt Knútdr 3^I

Ótt Knútdr 3^I

Ótt Knútdr 4^I

ÞKolb Eirdr 16^I

ÞKolb Eirdr 16^I

ÞKolb Eirdr 16^I

Ótt Knútdr 5^I

Ótt Knútdr 6^I

Ótt Knútdr 6^I

Ótt Knútdr 10^I

Ótt Knútdr 7^I

Ótt Knútdr 7^I

Ótt Knútdr 9^I

ÞKolb Eirdr 12^I

ÞKolb Eirdr 12^I

ÞKolb Eirdr 12^I

ÞKolb Eirdr 13^I

ÞKolb Eirdr 13^I

Anon Liðs 2^I

Anon Liðs 2^I

Anon Liðs 2^I

Anon Liðs 9^I

Anon Liðs 9^I

Anon Liðs 9^I

Anon Liðs 9^I

Anon Liðs 9^I

Anon Liðs 9^I

Ótt Knútdr 8^I

Ótt Knútdr 8^I

Anon Liðs 8^I

Anon Liðs 8^I

ÞKolb Eirdr 14^I

ÞKolb Eirdr 14^I

ÞKolb Eirdr 14^I

ÞKolb Eirdr 14^I

ÞKolb Eirdr 14^I

ÞKolb Eirdr 15^I

ÞKolb Eirdr 15^I

ÞKolb Eirdr 15^I

ÞKolb Eirdr 16^I

ÞKolb Eirdr 16^I

ÞKolb Eirdr 16^I

Sigv Knútdr 11^I

Þloft Tøgdr 7^I

Þloft Tøgdr 7^I

Þloft Tøgdr 7^I

Þfagr Sveinn 1^II

Þfagr Sveinn 1^II

Þfagr Sveinn 1^II

Þfagr Sveinn 1^II

Þfagr Sveinn 1^II

Þfagr Sveinn 10^II

Steinn Nizv 6^II

Steinn Nizv 6^II

Steinn Nizv 6^II

Steinn Nizv 6^II

Steinn Nizv 7^II