Jayne Carroll (ed.) 2009, ‘Markús Skeggjason, Eiríksdrápa 29’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 458-9.
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2. ǫnd (noun f.; °andar, dat. ǫnd/ǫndu; andir): soul, breath
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krefja (verb): request
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út (adv.): out(side)
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í (prep.): in, into
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land (noun n.; °-s; *-): land
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allr (adj.): all
[1] stýrandi alls ‘the commander of all [= God]’: Kennings for ‘God’ of this type are otherwise found only in later religious poetry, the first attestation being fifty years later in ESk GeislVII (see LP: allr 2).
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stýrandi (noun m.; °-a; -endr): ruler, steerer
[1] stýrandi alls ‘the commander of all [= God]’: Kennings for ‘God’ of this type are otherwise found only in later religious poetry, the first attestation being fifty years later in ESk GeislVII (see LP: allr 2).
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konungr (noun m.; °dat. -i, -s; -ar): king
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snjallr (adj.): quick, resourceful, bold
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elli (noun f.; °-): old age
[3] elli beiðat ofvægr stillir: ‘elli beið at of væ[…]’ 20b II
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bíða (verb; °bíðr; beið, biðu; beðit): wait, suffer, experience
[3] elli beiðat ofvægr stillir: ‘elli beið at of væ[…]’ 20b II; beiðat: beiðir 180b
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ofvægr (adj.): invincible, overwhelming
[3] elli beiðat ofvægr stillir: ‘elli beið at of væ[…]’ 20b II
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stillir (noun m.): ruler
[3] elli beiðat ofvægr stillir: ‘elli beið at of væ[…]’ 20b II
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ǫld (noun f.; °; aldir): people, age
[4] aldar stríð es fregit víða: aldr stríð er þat fregit víða JÓ, 873ˣ, aldr stríð er fregit er víða 180b
[4] stríð aldar ‘the grief of men’: All mss have aldrstríð ‘life-grief’, and the l. could be construed syntactically, following JÓ and 873ˣ, as þat aldrstríð es fregit víða ‘that life-grief is heard of far and wide’ or þat es aldrstríð, fregit viða ‘that is life-grief, heard of far and wide’. However, metrically such a l. is very unwieldy (a l. of Type E that is otherwise not used by Markús) and the cpd aldrstríð is unattested. The present emendation follows earlier eds.
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2. stríð (noun n.; °-s; -): affliction
[4] aldar stríð es fregit víða: aldr stríð er þat fregit víða JÓ, 873ˣ, aldr stríð er fregit er víða 180b
[4] stríð aldar ‘the grief of men’: All mss have aldrstríð ‘life-grief’, and the l. could be construed syntactically, following JÓ and 873ˣ, as þat aldrstríð es fregit víða ‘that life-grief is heard of far and wide’ or þat es aldrstríð, fregit viða ‘that is life-grief, heard of far and wide’. However, metrically such a l. is very unwieldy (a l. of Type E that is otherwise not used by Markús) and the cpd aldrstríð is unattested. The present emendation follows earlier eds.
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
[4] aldar stríð es fregit víða: aldr stríð er þat fregit víða JÓ, 873ˣ, aldr stríð er fregit er víða 180b
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1. fregna (verb): hear of
[4] aldar stríð es fregit víða: aldr stríð er þat fregit víða JÓ, 873ˣ, aldr stríð er fregit er víða 180b
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1. víða (adv.): widely
[4] aldar stríð es fregit víða: aldr stríð er þat fregit víða JÓ, 873ˣ, aldr stríð er fregit er víða 180b
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síðan (adv.): later, then
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harma (verb): [mourns, lament]
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siklingr (noun m.; °; -ar): king, ruler
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dauði (noun m.; °-a; -ar): death
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snjallr (adj.): quick, resourceful, bold
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maðr (noun m.): man, person
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3. of (prep.): around, from; too
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heimr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i/-; -ar): home, abode; world
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byggð (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): dwelling, settlement
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allr (adj.): all
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drúpa (verb; °-pð-): droop
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herr (noun m.; °-s/-jar, dat. -; -jar, gen. -ja/herra): army, host
[7] herr: heimr 180b
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dolgr (noun m.; °dat. -; -ar): enemy, battle
[7] at dolga: en dolgum 180b
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steypir (noun m.; °-s): overcomer, destroyer
[7] steypi: ‘stypir’ 180b
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dyggr (adj.; °dyggvan/dyggan; compar. -vari/-ari/-ri, superl. -vastr/-astr/-str): trustworthy
[8] dyggvan: ‘dyggan’ 180b
[8] þat tér: þótti 180b
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verǫld (noun f.; °-aldar, dat. -/-u; -aldir): world, age
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2. hryggr (adj.; °-van/-jan; compar. -vari/-ari/-ri; superl. -astr): sorrowful, sad
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
The commander of all [= God] claimed the spirit from the wise king out in [far-off] lands; the powerful prince did not wait for old age; the grief of men is heard of far and wide. Afterwards wise men all over the inhabited world lament the death of the sovereign; people bow down in grief for the virtuous destroyer of enemies [JUST RULER]; that saddens the world.
The st. is cited following the account of Eiríkr’s death in Cyprus, on his way from Constantinople to Jerusalem.
Eiríkr died in the city of Paphos (Knýtl: Basta) in Cyprus (10 July 1103), and he was buried there according to Knýtl. See also Saxo (2005, II, 12, 7, 6, pp. 82-3) and Abbot Nikulás’s Leiðarvísir (AÍ I, 20), where Paphos is called ‘Beffa’. In the C12th and C13th, Paphos was an important staging post for pilgrims to the Holy Land. See also Kedar and Westergaard-Nielsen 1978-9, 197-9, 203-4.
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