Kenning Lexicon - kennings in ms

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Kennings — DG 8 (DG8)

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Sigv Víkv 6^I
at Yggs
‘the strife of Yggr’ = BATTLE
the strife of Yggr. → BATTLE

DG 8: 72v/33
battle
5.3. strife of Óðinn
Anon Liðs 1^I
stafr malmregns
‘the staves of the metal-rain’ = WARRIORS
the metal-rain → BATTLE
the staves of the BATTLE → WARRIORS

DG 8: 73r/9
[4] stafar: so DG8
[4] ‑regns: ‘rengs’ DG8
warrior
2.2. stave of battle
Anon Liðs 1^I
malmregn
‘of the metal-rain’ = BATTLE
the metal-rain → BATTLE

DG 8: 73r/9
[4] ‑regns: ‘rengs’ DG8
battle
1.2.1. shower of weapons
Anon Liðs 2^I
margr frár Ullr oddsennu
‘many a fierce Ullr of the point-quarrel’ = WARRIOR
the point-quarrel → BATTLE
Many a fierce Ullr of the BATTLE → WARRIOR

DG 8: 73r/11
[3] frár: frétt DG8
warrior
2.3.1.4. Ullr of battle
Anon Liðs 2^I
oddsenna
‘of the point-quarrel’ = BATTLE
the point-quarrel → BATTLE

DG 8: 73r/11
battle
5.1. strife of weapons
Anon Liðs 2^I
gjóðr Hnikars
‘the osprey of Hnikarr’ = RAVEN
the osprey of Hnikarr → RAVEN

DG 8: 73r/11
raven
1.1. bird of Óðinn (A2)
Anon Liðs 3^I
rœðinn þollr glaums
‘the talkative pine-tree of revelry’ = MAN
The talkative pine-tree of revelry → MAN

DG 8: 73r/14
[4] rœðinn: roðinn DG8
male, man
Anon Liðs 3^I
skóð randar
‘the harm of the shield’ = SWORD
the harm of the shield → SWORD

DG 8: 73r/14
sword
9.1.1. harm of the shield
Anon Liðs 3^I
sá sveigir lauks sára
‘that brandisher of the leek of wounds’ = WARRIOR
the leek of wounds → SWORD
That brandisher of the SWORD → WARRIOR

DG 8: 73r/14
warrior
1.7.10. bender of the weapon
Anon Liðs 3^I
laukr sára
‘of the leek of wounds’ = SWORD
the leek of wounds → SWORD

DG 8: 73r/14
sword
4.3.1. leek of the wound
Anon Liðs 3^I
glóð Rínar
‘the embers of the Rhine’ = GOLD
the embers of the Rhine. → GOLD

DG 8: 73r/14
gold
9.1.3. light of the Rhine (A1)
Anon Liðs 4^I
sǫngr sverða
‘the song of swords’ = BATTLE
the song of swords —, → BATTLE

DG 8: 73r/16
battle
6.02.1. song/chant of weapons
Anon Liðs 5^I
hlýri ara
‘of the brother of the eagle’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
the brother of the eagle, → RAVEN/EAGLE

DG 8: 73r/19
raven/eagle
3. relative of a raven/eagle (B4b)
Anon Liðs 5^I
þekkjandi meginásar þunnblás
‘to knowers of the powerful pole of the thin linen cord’ = BOWMEN
the powerful pole of the thin linen cord. → ARROW
to knowers of the ARROW → BOWMEN

DG 8: 73r/19
[6] ‑blás: ‘‑blacs’ DG8
warrior
1.7.21. knower of the weapon
Anon Liðs 5^I
megináss þunnblás
‘of the powerful pole of the thin linen cord’ = ARROW
the powerful pole of the thin linen cord. → ARROW

DG 8: 73r/19
[6] ‑blás: ‘‑blacs’ DG8
arrow
1.2. rods of the bow-string
Anon Liðs 6^I
hǫrð hríð garða hildar
‘a hard storm of enclosures of war’ = BATTLE
enclosures of war → SHIELDS
a hard storm of SHIELDS → BATTLE

DG 8: 73r/21
battle
1.2.1.2. shower of shields
Anon Liðs 6^I
garðr hildar
‘of enclosures of war’ = SHIELDS
enclosures of war → SHIELDS

DG 8: 73r/21
shield
6.1. enclosure of battle
Anon Liðs 6^I
bitran skeggi byggs brunns
‘the fierce denizen of the barley of the spring’ = Ullkell
the barley of the spring; → STONE
the fierce denizen of the STONE → Ullkell

DG 8: 73r/21
[7] byggs: ‘bys’ DG8
Ullkell/Ulfcytel
. man of stone
Anon Liðs 6^I
bygg brunns
‘of the barley of the spring’ = STONE
the barley of the spring; → STONE

DG 8: 73r/21
[7] byggs: ‘bys’ DG8
rock, stone
2.2. hard object of waters
Anon Liðs 7^I
ríkr lundr baugstalls
‘the mighty tree of the ring-support’ = WARRIOR = Knútr
the ring-support → SHIELD
the mighty tree of the SHIELD → WARRIOR = Knútr

DG 8: 73r/24
warrior
1.1.2. tree of the shield
Anon Liðs 7^I
baugstallr
‘of the ring-support’ = SHIELD
the ring-support → SHIELD

DG 8: 73r/24
shield
5.4. support of the shield-boss/shield-ring
Anon Liðs 7^I
kennir elds Rennandi
‘the master of the fire of Rennandi’ = MAN
the fire of Rennandi → GOLD
the master of the GOLD → MAN

DG 8: 73r/24
[8] elg Rennandi: so DG8
male, man
3.03. master of riches
Anon Liðs 7^I
eldr Rennandi
‘of the fire of Rennandi’ = GOLD
the fire of Rennandi → GOLD

DG 8: 73r/24
[8] elg Rennandi: so DG8
gold
1.1.2.1. fire of the river (A1)
Anon Liðs 8^I
sigrfíkinn vísi dana
‘the victory-avid leader of the danes’ = DANISH KING = Knútr
the victory-avid leader of the Danes → DANISH KING = Knútr

DG 8: 73r/27
Danish king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Danes
Anon Liðs 8^I
blóðíss
‘the blood-ice’ = SWORD
the blood-ice → SWORD

DG 8: 73r/27
sword
3.5. ice of blood
Anon Liðs 9^I
Hlǫkk horna
‘the Hlǫkk of drinking horns’ = WOMAN
the Hlǫkk of drinking horns → WOMAN

DG 8: 73r/29
female, woman
7.1. female mythical being of drinking vessel (B2b)
Anon Liðs 9^I
hjalmskóð
‘the helmet-destroyers’ = SWORDS
the helmet-destroyers → SWORDS

DG 8: 73r/29
sword
9.1.2. harm of the helmet
Anon Liðs 9^I
már Hanga
‘the seagull of Hangi’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
the seagull of Hangi → RAVEN/EAGLE

DG 8: 73r/29
[3] má: ‘mæy’ DG8
raven
1.1. bird of Óðinn (A2)
Anon Liðs 9^I
sá sveigir gunnborðs
‘that brandisher of the battle-plank’ = WARRIOR
the battle-plank → SHIELD
That brandisher of the SHIELD → WARRIOR

DG 8: 73r/29
warrior
1.7.10. bender of the weapon
Anon Liðs 9^I
gunnborð
‘of the battle-plank’ = SHIELD
the battle-plank → SHIELD

DG 8: 73r/29
shield
3.1. board of battle
Anon Liðs 9^I
laukr sára
‘the leek of wounds’ = SWORD
the leek of wounds → SWORD

DG 8: 73r/29
sword
4.3.1. leek of the wound
Anon Liðs 10^I
hurð Hǫgna
‘the door of Hǫgni’ = SHIELD
the door of Hǫgni → SHIELD

DG 8: 73r/32
[2] hurð: ‘huð’ DG8
shield
4.1. door of the legendary hero
Anon Liðs 10^I
fit dags fyllar
‘meadow of the day of the sea’ = WOMAN
the day of the sea, → GOLD
meadow of the GOLD → WOMAN

DG 8: 73r/32
female, woman
1.3. land, landscape of riches, wealth (B2c)
Anon Liðs 10^I
dagr fyllar
‘of the day of the sea’ = GOLD
the day of the sea, → GOLD

DG 8: 73r/32
gold
1.4. daylight of waters (A1)
Sigv Víkv 8^I
mœtir víga
‘the meeter of battles’ = WARRIOR
the meeter of battles, → WARRIOR

DG 8: 73v/28
warrior
2.5.2.3. encounterer of battle
Sigv Víkv 8^I
styrkr vǫrðr verðungar
‘the strong guardian of the troop’ = RULER
the strong guardian of the troop → RULER

DG 8: 73v/28
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
1.3. guardian of people
Sigv Víkv 9^I
ógnvaldr
‘battle-causer’ = WARRIOR
battle-causer → WARRIOR

DG 8: 73v/31
[6] ‑valdr: so R686ˣ, 325VI, 325V, 325VII, Bb, Flat, Tóm, FskBˣ, FskAˣ, DG8
warrior
2.5.3. causer of battle
Sigv Nesv 3^I
kennir frosts odda
‘the master of the frost of points’ = WARRIOR
the frost of points → BATTLE
the master of the BATTLE → WARRIOR

DG 8: 78v/26
[3] frosts: frost 972ˣ, 325VI, 321ˣ, 78aˣ, DG8
[3] odda: orða DG8
warrior
2.5.6. master of battle
Sigv Nesv 3^I
frost odda
‘of the frost of points’ = BATTLE
the frost of points → BATTLE

DG 8: 78v/26
[3] frosts: frost 972ˣ, 325VI, 321ˣ, 78aˣ, DG8
[3] odda: orða DG8
battle
1.3.1. frost of the weapon
Þorm Lv 10^I
mǫrk fránǫluns
‘of the forest of the flashing fish’ = GOLD
the flashing fish. → SERPENT
the forest of the SERPENT → GOLD

DG 8: 90r/27
gold
3.1.1. land of the serpent (A3)
Þorm Lv 10^I
fránǫlunn
‘of the flashing fish’ = SERPENT
the flashing fish. → SERPENT

DG 8: 90r/27
serpent, snake
1.1. fish or whale of the land (A1b)
Þorm Lv 10^I
víðlendr myrðir varga
‘broad-landed destroyer of outlaws’ = RULER = Knútr
broad-landed destroyer of outlaws, → RULER = Knútr

DG 8: 90r/27
[5] myrðir: so DG8, Flat
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
4.1. destroyer of evildoers
Þorm Lv 11^I
fasti túna barðs
‘with the fire of the homesteads of the prow’ = GOLD
the homesteads of the prow → SEA
with the fire of the SEA → GOLD

DG 8: 90r/33
gold
1.1.1. fire of the sea (A1)
Þorm Lv 11^I
tún barðs
‘of the homesteads of the prow’ = SEA
the homesteads of the prow → SEA

DG 8: 90r/33
sea
4.1. land of the ship
Þorm Lv 11^I
eldr djúps
‘for the flame of the deep’ = GOLD
for the flame of the deep, → GOLD

DG 8: 90r/33
gold
1.1.1. fire of the sea (A1)
Þorm Lv 15^I
hættinn happsœkjandi hreins branda
‘venturesome, fortunate attacker of the reindeer of stems’ = SEA-WARRIOR = Óláfr
the reindeer of stems, → SHIP
venturesome, fortunate attacker of the SHIP → SEA-WARRIOR = Óláfr

DG 8: 90v/11
sea-warrior
2. attacker of the ship
Þorm Lv 15^I
hreinn branda
‘of the reindeer of stems’ = SHIP
the reindeer of stems, → SHIP

DG 8: 90v/11
ship, boat
1.2.2. wild animal of the ship
Þorm Lv 15^I
ríkr rœkir linns randar
‘mighty keeper of the serpent of the shield’ = WARRIOR = Óláfr
the serpent of the shield; → SWORD
mighty keeper of the SWORD → WARRIOR = Óláfr

DG 8: 90v/11
[6] linns: ‘linz’ DG8
[6] randar: so DG8, Hb, 142ˣ, 566aˣ
warrior
1.7.06. carer of the weapon
Þorm Lv 15^I
linnr randar
‘of the serpent of the shield’ = SWORD
the serpent of the shield; → SWORD

DG 8: 90v/11
[6] linns: ‘linz’ DG8
[6] randar: so DG8, Hb, 142ˣ, 566aˣ
sword
2.3. snake of the shield
Þorm Lv 15^I
andr eybaugs
‘the skis of the island-ring’ = SHIPS
the island-ring. → SEA
the skis of the SEA → SHIPS

DG 8: 90v/11
[8] eybaugs: ‘ebaugs’ DG8
ship, boat
2.1. ski of the sea
Þorm Lv 15^I
eybaugr
‘of the island-ring’ = SEA
the island-ring. → SEA

DG 8: 90v/11
[8] eybaugs: ‘ebaugs’ DG8
sea
1.4. ring of the land
Ótt Lv 2^I
konungr dana, íra ok Engla Eybúa
‘the king of the danes, of the irish and of the English of the Island-dwellers’ = Knútr
the king of the Danes, of the Irish and of the English of the Island-dwellers, → Knútr

DG 8: 90v/37
Knútr inn ríki Sveinsson (r. 1014-1035)
4. lord of several peoples
Ótt Hfl 1^I
glaðnistandi garms Gauta
‘the glad feeder of the hound of Gauti’ = WARRIOR = Óláfr Eiríksson
the hound of Gauti. → WOLF
the glad feeder of the WOLF → WARRIOR = Óláfr Eiríksson

DG 8: 91r/20
warrior
3.2.1. feeder of the wolf
Ótt Hfl 1^I
garmr Gauta
‘of the hound of Gauti’ = WOLF
the hound of Gauti. → WOLF

DG 8: 91r/20
wolf
5. dog of Óðinn (A2)
Bersi Lv 1^I
ár sunda sárs
‘the oars of the bays of the wound’ = SWORDS
the bays of the wound; → BLOOD
the oars of the BLOOD → SWORDS

DG 8: 91r/24
sword
6.5. rod of blood
Bersi Lv 1^I
sund sárs
‘of the bays of the wound’ = BLOOD
the bays of the wound; → BLOOD

DG 8: 91r/24
blood
1.1. liquid of wounds (A2)
Bersi Lv 1^I
herstillir
‘of the army-commander’ = RULER
the army-commander → RULER

DG 8: 91r/24
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
3.1. commander of the army
Bersi Lv 1^I
sendir elds víka
‘distributor of the fire of inlets’ = GENEROUS MAN
the fire of inlets. → GOLD
distributor of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

DG 8: 91r/24
[6] sendir: kennir 68, Flat(187rb), DG8, NRA52
generous man
2.4.1. sender of gold
Bersi Lv 1^I
eldr víka
‘of the fire of inlets’ = GOLD
the fire of inlets. → GOLD

DG 8: 91r/24
gold
1.1.1. fire of the sea (A1)
Sigv Lv 19^I
inn vitri, móðrakkr bróðir Haralds
‘the wise, mind-bold brother of Haraldr’ = Óláfr
The wise, mind-bold brother of Haraldr → Óláfr

DG 8: 91r/30
Óláfr II inn helgi Haraldsson (r. c. 1015-1030)
1.3. brother of Haraldr harðráði Sigurðarson
Ótt Lv 3^I
Nauma hornstraums
‘with a Nauma of the horn-stream’ = WOMAN
the horn-stream → ALE
with a Nauma of the ALE → WOMAN

DG 8: 91v/1
[8] Naumu: Nauma DG8, 76aˣ
female, woman
6.1. female mythical being of drink (B2b)
Ótt Lv 3^I
hornstraumr
‘of the horn-stream’ = ALE
the horn-stream → ALE

DG 8: 91v/1
alcoholic drink
1. liquid of the drink container
Ótt Lv 1^I
hrǫnduðr alinbranda
‘the distributor of arm-flames’ = GENEROUS MAN = Óláfr
arm-flames, → GOLD
the distributor of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN = Óláfr

DG 8: 91v/13
[2] hrǫnduðr (‘hrandꜳdr’): so Flat, NRA52, DG8
[2] alin‑: ‘alun’ DG8
generous man
Ótt Lv 1^I
alinbrandr
‘of arm-flames’ = GOLD
arm-flames, → GOLD

DG 8: 91v/13
[2] alin‑: ‘alun’ DG8
gold
2.1.1. fire of the arm/hand (A1)
Ótt Lv 1^I
stjóri markar
‘the ruler of the forest’ = TREE
The ruler of the forest → TREE

DG 8: 91v/13
tree
. ruler of the forest
Ótt Lv 1^I
vísi mikils íslands
‘sovereign of the great ice-land’ = RULER
the great ice-land. → SEA
sovereign of the SEA → RULER

DG 8: 91v/13
[8] vísi: so Flat, DG8
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
Ótt Lv 1^I
mikils ísland
‘of the great ice-land’ = SEA
the great ice-land. → SEA

DG 8: 91v/13
sea
5.1. land of the sea
Þorf Lv 1^I
geisli jarðar Gunnar
‘the sunbeam of the land of Gunnr’ = SWORD
the land of Gunnr → SHIELD
The sunbeam of the SHIELD → SWORD

DG 8: 91v/19
[2] Gunnar: grimma DG8
sword
1.2.2. light of the shield
Þorf Lv 1^I
jǫrð Gunnar
‘of the land of Gunnr’ = SHIELD
the land of Gunnr → SHIELD

DG 8: 91v/19
[2] Gunnar: grimma DG8
shield
5.1.3. land of the valkyrie
Þorf Lv 1^I
grund munna
‘the ground of jaws’ = HEAD
the ground of jaws; → HEAD

DG 8: 91v/19
head
1.7. place of the jaw (A3)
Þorf Lv 1^I
báðar benskeið
‘both wound-ships’ = SWORDS
both wound-ships, → SWORDS

DG 8: 91v/19
[3] báðar: báða DG8
[4] benskeiðr: benseiðr DG8
sword
. ship of the wound
Þorf Lv 1^I
hringr grœnna lyngva
‘of the ring of green heathers’ = SERPENT
the ring of green heathers, → SERPENT

DG 8: 91v/19
serpent, snake
2.1. round or curved object of the land (A1b)
Sigv Knútdr 7^I
fríðr, fráneygr niðr fylkis dana
‘the handsome, bright-eyed descendant of the ruler of the danes’ = Knútr
the ruler of the Danes. → Sveinn
the handsome, bright-eyed descendant of SVEINN → Knútr

DG 8: 92r/14
[3] fríðr: frið 325XI 1, Holm2, 321ˣ, 73aˣ, 68, Holm4, 61, 325V, Bb, Flat, FskBˣ, DG8
[4] ‑eygr: ‘æyct’ DG8
[3] niðr: lið 321ˣ, 73aˣ, Flat, FskBˣ, DG8
Knútr inn ríki Sveinsson (r. 1014-1035)
Sigv Knútdr 7^I
fylkir dana
‘of the ruler of the danes’ = Sveinn
the ruler of the Danes. → Sveinn

DG 8: 92r/14
Danish king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Danes
Sigv Knútdr 7^I
andskoti aðalráðs
‘the enemy of æthelred’ = Knútr
the enemy of Æthelred → Knútr

DG 8: 92r/14
Knútr inn ríki Sveinsson (r. 1014-1035)
5. enemy of Æthelred
Sigv Knútdr 3^I
ætt Haralds
‘the descendant of Haraldr’ = Óláfr
the descendant of Haraldr → Óláfr

DG 8: 92r/20
[3] Haralds: ‘haralldar’ DG8
Óláfr II inn helgi Haraldsson (r. c. 1015-1030)
1.1. descendant of Haraldr inn grenski
Sigv Knútdr 3^I
lýrgata
‘the pollack-path’ = SEA
the pollack-path → SEA

DG 8: 92r/20
[5] lýr‑: ‘lyrs’ DG8
sea
3.2. path of the aquatic animal
Sigv Knútdr 5^I
þrimu þornheims Þundr
‘thorn-home of battle’ = WARRIOR = Óláfr
the thorn of battle. → SWORD
the home of the SWORD → SHIELD
the Þundr of the SHIELD → WARRIOR = Óláfr

DG 8: 92r/24
[8] Þundi at *undri: ‘þyrndrof ryndri’ DG8
warrior
1.4.1.01. Óðinn of the weapon
Sigv Knútdr 5^I
þrimu þornheimr
‘of the home of the thorn of battle’ = SHIELD
the thorn of battle. → SWORD
the home of the SWORD → SHIELD

DG 8: 92r/24
shield
5.3.1. abode of the sword
Sigv Knútdr 5^I
þrimu þorn
‘of the thorn of battle’ = SWORD
the thorn of battle. → SWORD

DG 8: 92r/24
sword
11.3. thorn of battle
Sigv Knútdr 6^I
hlǫðr dana
‘the feller of the danes’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr
the feller of the Danes → NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr

DG 8: 92r/26
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
5. killer of the Danes
Sigv Knútdr 9^I
jǫfurr Jótlands
‘the lord of Jutland’ = DANISH KING = Knútr
the lord of Jutland → DANISH KING = Knútr

DG 8: 92v/8
[3] Jótlands: Jótland J2ˣ, DG8
Danish king, ruler, jarl
1.2. ruler of Denmark
Sigv Knútdr 9^I
hlífskjǫldr dana
‘the protecting shield of the danes’ = DANISH KING = Knútr
The protecting shield of the Danes → DANISH KING = Knútr

DG 8: 92v/8
Danish king, ruler, jarl
5. shield of Danish people
Ótt Knútdr 11^I
mikla beita ulfs
‘much wolf’s food’ = CORPSES
much wolf’s food, → CORPSES

DG 8: 92v/10
corpse, slain
1.2. food of the wolf
Ótt Knútdr 11^I
ýgr stafr ógnar
‘fierce staff of battle’ = WARRIOR
Fierce staff of battle, → WARRIOR

DG 8: 92v/10
[8] ýgr: yggir DG8
warrior
2.2. stave of battle
ÞSjár Róðdr 1^I
dróttinn egða
‘lord of the egðir’ = NORWEGIAN KING
lord of the Egðir, → NORWEGIAN KING

DG 8: 92v/14
Norwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians
ÞSjár Róðdr 1^I
þrima stála
‘a clash of swords’ = BATTLE
a clash of swords → BATTLE

DG 8: 92v/14
battle
2.1. din of weapons
ÞSjár Róðdr 1^I
ágætan ǫðlingr Jóta
‘the splendid ruler of the Jótar’ = DANISH KING = Knútr
the splendid ruler of the Jótar, → DANISH KING = Knútr

DG 8: 92v/14
Danish king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Danes
ÞSjár Róðdr 1^I
gramr Skônunga
‘the sovereign of the Skônungar’ = DANISH KING = Knútr
The sovereign of the Skônungar → DANISH KING = Knútr

DG 8: 92v/14
Danish king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Danes
ÞSjár Róðdr 1^I
sonr Sveins
‘the son of Sveinn’ = Knútr
the son of Sveinn → Knútr

DG 8: 92v/14
Knútr inn ríki Sveinsson (r. 1014-1035)
1. son of Sveinn tjúguskegg
Hár Lv 1^I
lǫngum dynmarr láðs Rínleygs mínum
‘my long resounding steed of the land of Rhine-flame’ = SHIP
Rhine-flame, → GOLD
the land of the GOLD → SEA
my long resounding steed of the SEA → SHIP

DG 8: 92v/28
[2] ‑leygs: ‘‑lꝍks’ DG8
ship, boat
1.1.1.1. horse of the sea
Hár Lv 1^I
láð Rínleygs
‘of the land of Rhine-flame’ = SEA
Rhine-flame, → GOLD
the land of the GOLD → SEA

DG 8: 92v/28
[2] ‑leygs: ‘‑lꝍks’ DG8
sea
9.4. land of gold
Hár Lv 1^I
Rínleygr
‘of Rhine-flame’ = GOLD
Rhine-flame, → GOLD

DG 8: 92v/28
[2] ‑leygs: ‘‑lꝍks’ DG8
gold
9.1.3. light of the Rhine (A1)
Hár Lv 1^I
lundr leggfjǫturs
‘the grove of the limb-fetter’ = MAN
the limb-fetter, → ARM-RING
the grove of the ARM-RING → MAN

DG 8: 92v/28
[5] ‑fjǫturs: ‑fjǫturr 68, 75c, 325V, Bb, DG8
male, man
1.3. tree of rings
Hár Lv 1^I
leggfjǫturr
‘of the limb-fetter’ = ARM-RING
the limb-fetter, → ARM-RING

DG 8: 92v/28
[5] ‑fjǫturs: ‑fjǫturr 68, 75c, 325V, Bb, DG8
ring
1. band of the limb
Hár Lv 2^I
eik læbaugs
‘the oak of the deceit-ring’ = SHIP
the deceit-ring → SEA
the oak of the SEA → SHIP

DG 8: 93r/16
ship, boat
3.1. tree of the sea
Hár Lv 2^I
læbaugr
‘of the deceit-ring’ = SEA
the deceit-ring → SEA

DG 8: 93r/16
sea
15. unclear pattern
Hár Lv 2^I
Jǫrð flausts ifla
‘Jǫrð of the ship of the hawk’ = WOMAN
the ship of the hawk, → ARM
Jǫrð of the ARM → WOMAN

DG 8: 93r/16
[6] flausts: flaust J2ˣ, 75a, 73aˣ, 68, 75c, Bb, Flat, DG8
female, woman
12.1. female mythical being of arm/hand (B2b)
Hár Lv 2^I
flaustr ifla
‘of the ship of the hawk’ = ARM
the ship of the hawk, → ARM

DG 8: 93r/16
[6] flausts: flaust J2ˣ, 75a, 73aˣ, 68, 75c, Bb, Flat, DG8
arm, hand
1.2. vehicle of the bird of prey (A1a)
Hár Lv 2^I
Valr krapta
‘in the Valr of the bollard’ = SHIP
in the Valr of the bollard → SHIP

DG 8: 93r/16
ship, boat
1.2.1.1. horse of the ship
Hár Lv 2^I
flatslóð Fróða
‘the level tracks of Fróði’ = SEA
the level tracks of Fróði. → SEA

DG 8: 93r/16
[7] ‑slóðir: ‑slóðir apparently corrected from ‘soðar’ DG8
sea
2.2. path of the sea-king
Sigv Erlfl 3^I
snarr, lætrauðr sonr Skjalgs
‘the bold, deceit-shunning son of Skjálgr’ = Erlingr
The bold, deceit-shunning son of Skjálgr → Erlingr

DG 8: 94r/5
Erlingr Skjálgsson (d. c. 1028)
1. son of Þórólfr skjálgr
Sigv Erl 1^I
einn annan Jalks bríktǫpuðr
‘plank-destroyer of Jálkr’ = WARRIOR
the plank of Jálkr → SHIELD
[only] one other destroyer of the SHIELD → WARRIOR

DG 8: 94r/8
[1] annan: annar DG8
[2] Jalks: jarl DG8
[2] ‑tǫpuð: ‑skipaðr DG8
warrior
1.7.02. destroyer of the weapon
Sigv Erl 1^I
Jalks brík
‘of the plank of Jálkr’ = SHIELD
the plank of Jálkr → SHIELD

DG 8: 94r/8
[2] Jalks: jarl DG8
shield
3.5. board of Óðinn
Sigv Erl 1^I
gætir gumna
‘the protector of men’ = RULER = Guðbrandr
the protector of men → RULER = Guðbrandr

DG 8: 94r/8
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
1.3. guardian of people
Sigv Erl 1^I
hati ormláðs
‘hater of the snake-land’ = GENEROUS MAN = Erlingr
the snake-land; → GOLD
hater of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN = Erlingr

DG 8: 94r/8
[6] ormláðs hati: ulfs gráðtapaðr DG8
generous man
1.06. hater of wealth
Sigv Erl 1^I
ormláð
‘of the snake-land’ = GOLD
the snake-land; → GOLD

DG 8: 94r/8
[6] ormláðs hati: ulfs gráðtapaðr DG8
gold
3.1.1. land of the serpent (A3)
Sigv Erl 1^I
hinn lægir linnsetrs
‘the diminisher of the serpent-abode’ = GENEROUS MAN
the serpent-abode → GOLD
the diminisher of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

DG 8: 94r/8
[7] hinn: hverr DG8
[7] lægir: lægis DG8
[8] ‑setrs: ‑serks DG8
generous man
. debaser of wealth
Sigv Erl 1^I
linnsetr
‘of the serpent-abode’ = GOLD
the serpent-abode → GOLD

DG 8: 94r/8
[8] ‑setrs: ‑serks DG8
gold
3.1.2. lair of the serpent (A3)
Ólhelg Lv 7^I
gnýr Gunnar
‘the clamour of Gunnr’ = BATTLE
the clamour of Gunnr. → BATTLE

DG 8: 94v/7
battle
2.3. din of the valkyrie
Þloft Tøgdr 1^I
otrheimr
‘of the otter-world’ = SEA
the otter-world → SEA

DG 8: 96r/24
sea
3.4. abode of the aquatic animal
Þloft Tøgdr 2^I
ǫrbeiðir svans sigrlana
‘of the eager demander of the swan of victory-heaps’ = WARRIOR
victory-heaps. → CORPSES
the swan of CORPSES → RAVEN/EAGLE
the eager demander of the RAVEN/EAGLE → WARRIOR

DG 8: 96r/26
warrior
3.1.08. demander of the bird of battlefield
Þloft Tøgdr 2^I
svanr sigrlana
‘of the swan of victory-heaps’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
victory-heaps. → CORPSES
the swan of CORPSES → RAVEN/EAGLE

DG 8: 96r/26
raven/eagle
1.3. bird of the corpse (A2)
Þloft Tøgdr 2^I
sigrlǫn
‘of victory-heaps’ = CORPSES
victory-heaps. → CORPSES

DG 8: 96r/26
corpse, slain
2. piles of victory
Þloft Tøgdr 3^I
brimgǫltr
‘of the surf-boar’ = SHIP
the surf-boar → SHIP

DG 8: 96r/28
ship, boat
1.1.2. wild animal of the sea
Þloft Tøgdr 3^I
sæskíð
‘by sea-skis’ = SHIPS
by sea-skis. → SHIPS

DG 8: 96r/28
[7] ‑skíðum: skíða J2ˣ, DG8
ship, boat
2.1. ski of the sea
Þloft Tøgdr 4^I
stóð stafnklifs
‘the stud-horses of the prow-cliff’ = SHIPS
the prow-cliff → SEA
the stud-horses of the SEA → SHIPS

DG 8: 96r/29
[6] ‑klifs: klif Holm4, 61, 325V, Flat, Tóm, DG8, FskAˣ
ship, boat
1.1.1.1. horse of the sea
Þloft Tøgdr 4^I
stafnklif
‘of the prow-cliff’ = SEA
the prow-cliff → SEA

DG 8: 96r/29
[6] ‑klifs: klif Holm4, 61, 325V, Flat, Tóm, DG8, FskAˣ
sea
4.1. land of the ship
Þloft Tøgdr 4^I
ǫrbeiðir
‘of the arrow-demander’ = WARRIOR
the arrow-demander → WARRIOR

DG 8: 96r/29
warrior
1.7.08. demander of the weapon
Þloft Tøgdr 5^I
byrrǫmm brimdýr
‘the wind-strong surf-animals’ = SHIPS
The wind-strong surf-animals → SHIPS

DG 8: 96r/31
[3] ‑rǫmm: ‘ronn’ DG8
[4] ‑dýr: ‘dy’ DG8
ship, boat
1.1.2. wild animal of the sea
Þloft Tøgdr 5^I
valr svalheims
‘the steeds of the cool world [sea]’ = SHIPS
the cool world [sea] → SEA
The steeds of the SEA → SHIPS

DG 8: 96r/31
[6] valar: ‘valurr’ DG8
ship, boat
1.1.1.1. horse of the sea
Þloft Tøgdr 5^I
svalheimr
‘of the cool world [sea]’ = SEA
the cool world [sea] → SEA

DG 8: 96r/31
sea
14. half-kennings
Þloft Tøgdr 6^I
snjallr njótr veg-Jóta
‘the bold enjoyer of the glory-Jótar’ = DANISH KING = Knútr
the bold enjoyer of the glory-Jótar → DANISH KING = Knútr

DG 8: 96r/33
[4] Jóta: ‘iotra’ Kˣ, Holm2, 68, Holm4, Flat, DG8
Danish king, ruler, jarl
4. enjoyer of the Danes
Þloft Tøgdr 6^I
dalr svana
‘of the dale of swans’ = SEA
the dale of swans; → SEA

DG 8: 96r/33
[8] svana: svá svana DG8
sea
6.1. land of the aquatic bird
Þorm Lv 16^I
sex boði stálregns
‘six announcers of steel-rain’ = WARRIORS
steel-rain → BATTLE
six announcers of the BATTLE → WARRIORS

DG 8: 99r/16
[4] ‑regns: ‘rengs’ DG8
warrior
2.5.2.1. messenger of battle
Þorm Lv 16^I
stálregn
‘of steel-rain’ = BATTLE
steel-rain → BATTLE

DG 8: 99r/16
[4] ‑regns: ‘rengs’ DG8
battle
1.2.1. shower of weapons
Þorm Lv 16^I
Týr ónhjalta
‘the Týr of sword-hilts’ = WARRIOR = me
the Týr of sword-hilts; → WARRIOR = me

DG 8: 99r/16
warrior
1.4.1.06. Týr of the weapon
Þorm Lv 18^I
angr ýs
‘the sorrow of the yew’ = FIRE
the sorrow of the yew → FIRE

DG 8: 99v/6
[5] Ýs: ‘hyss’ DG8
fire, flame
1.2. sorrow of the tree
Þorf Lv 2^I
miklu regn ins harða garðs randar
‘the great downpour of the tough enclosure of the shield-rim’ = BATTLE
the tough enclosure of the shield-rim; → SHIELD
the great downpour of the SHIELD → BATTLE

DG 8: 99v/22
[2] randar: randa J2ˣ, 321ˣ, Bæb, 61, 325VII, Bb, Flat, Tóm, DG8, 141ˣ
battle
1.2.1.2. shower of shields
Þorf Lv 2^I
ins harða garðr randar
‘of the tough enclosure of the shield-rim’ = SHIELD
the tough enclosure of the shield-rim; → SHIELD

DG 8: 99v/22
[2] randar: randa J2ˣ, 321ˣ, Bæb, 61, 325VII, Bb, Flat, Tóm, DG8, 141ˣ
shield
6.4. enclosure of the shield
Þorf Lv 2^I
teitan már sveita
‘the cheerful gull of gore’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
the cheerful gull of gore; → RAVEN/EAGLE

DG 8: 99v/22
raven/eagle
1.2. bird of blood (A2)
Þorf Lv 2^I
hregg Þundar
‘the storm of Þundr’ = BATTLE
the storm of Þundr; → BATTLE

DG 8: 99v/22
[7] Þundar: ‘þundu’ DG8
battle
1.1.4. storm/wind of Óðinn
Gizsv Lv 1^I
þing borða
‘the assembly of shields’ = BATTLE
the assembly of shields —, → BATTLE

DG 8: 100v/17
[2] borða: skorða DG8
battle
3.1.3. meeting of shields
Gizsv Lv 1^I
svinnir sigrunnr
‘prudent battle-trees’ = WARRIORS
prudent battle-trees → WARRIORS

DG 8: 100v/17
[5] svinnir: svinnan DG8
[5] sig‑: so Holm2, J2ˣ, 321ˣ, Bæb, 68, Bb, DG8
warrior
5.1. tree of victory
Gizsv Lv 1^I
kván Heðins
‘of the woman of Heðinn’ = Hildr
the woman of Heðinn; → Hildr

DG 8: 100v/17
Hildr
1. woman of Heðinn and the Hjaðningar (C3a)
Gizsv Lv 1^I
él Ála
‘the blizzard of Áli’ = BATTLE
the blizzard of Áli → BATTLE

DG 8: 100v/17
battle
1.2.5. shower of a legendary person
Þorm Lv 19^I
ǫrstiklandi
‘the arrow-shooter’ = WARRIOR = Óláfr
The arrow-shooter → WARRIOR = Óláfr

DG 8: 100v/20
[2] ǫr‑: ǫl‑ DG8
[2] ‑stiklandi: ‑stiklanda 972ˣ, 321ˣ, 325VII, Bb, Flat, Tóm, DG8
warrior
1.7.01. mover of the weapon
Þorm Lv 19^I
miklu él Ála
‘the great storm of Áli’ = BATTLE
the great storm of Áli; → BATTLE

DG 8: 100v/20
[1] Ála: ‘Ola’ DG8
battle
1.2.5. shower of a legendary person
Þorm Lv 19^I
skalmǫld
‘a sword-age’ = BATTLE
a sword-age → BATTLE

DG 8: 100v/20
battle
14.1. time of the sword
Þorm Lv 19^I
geirþing
‘the spear-assembly’ = BATTLE
the spear-assembly → BATTLE

DG 8: 100v/20
battle
3.1.2. meeting of spears
Þorm Lv 20^I
vága viggrunnr
‘steed-bush of the waves’ = SEAFARER = Óláfr
the steed of the waves. → SHIP
bush of the SHIP → SEAFARER = Óláfr

DG 8: 100v/23
[7] vága: unga DG8
seafarer
1.2. tree of the ship
Þorm Lv 20^I
vága viggr
‘of the steed of the waves’ = SHIP
the steed of the waves. → SHIP

DG 8: 100v/23
[7] vága: unga DG8
ship, boat
1.1.1.1. horse of the sea
Þorm Lv 21^I
Hildr hvítings
‘Hildr of the bright drinking-horn’ = WOMAN
Hildr of the bright drinking-horn, → WOMAN

DG 8: 101v/31
[3] Hildr: heldr all
[4] hvítings: hvít brúðr 142ˣ, 566aˣ, papp4ˣ, Flat, DG8, 761bˣ
female, woman
7.1. female mythical being of drinking vessel (B2b)
Þorm Lv 21^I
eskiaskr
‘spear-ash-trees’ = WARRIORS
spear-ash-trees → WARRIORS

DG 8: 101v/31
[7] eski‑: æski‑ Hb, 566aˣ, Flat, DG8
[7] ‑askar: ærar DG8
warrior
1.1.3. tree of the spear
Þorm Lv 22^I
þing harðra hjǫrva
‘the assembly of hard swords’ = BATTLE
the assembly of hard swords. → BATTLE

DG 8: 101v/34
[3] harðra: hára DG8
battle
3.1.1. meeting of swords
Þorm Lv 22^I
benþiðurr
‘the wound-grouse’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
the wound-grouse → RAVEN/EAGLE

DG 8: 101v/34
raven/eagle
1.4. bird of the wound (A2)
Þorm Lv 23^I
alla Jǫlfuðs élþollr
‘storm-firs of Jǫlfuðr’ = WARRIORS
the storm of Jǫlfuðr → BATTLE
all the firs of the BATTLE → WARRIORS

DG 8: 101v/37
[6] Jǫlfuðs: ‘iolfaðrs’ DG8
[5] Él‑: Ý‑ DG8
warrior
2.1. tree of battle
Þorm Lv 23^I
Jǫlfuðs él
‘of the storm of Jǫlfuðr’ = BATTLE
the storm of Jǫlfuðr → BATTLE

DG 8: 101v/37
[6] Jǫlfuðs: ‘iolfaðrs’ DG8
[5] Él‑: Ý‑ DG8
battle
1.2.3. shower of Óðinn
Þorm Lv 23^I
fastri fleindrífa
‘the ceaseless missile-blizzard’ = BATTLE
the ceaseless missile-blizzard. → BATTLE

DG 8: 101v/37
battle
1.2.1. shower of weapons
Þorm Lv 25^I
eik landa ǫglis
‘the oak of the lands of the hawk’ = WOMAN
the lands of the hawk → ARMS
The oak of ARMS → WOMAN

DG 8: 102r/21
[1] landa: kindar DG8
[1] ǫglis: ‘æglis’ 325VII, DG8
female, woman
11.2. tree, wood of arm/hand (B2c)
Þorm Lv 25^I
land ǫglis
‘of the lands of the hawk’ = ARMS
the lands of the hawk → ARMS

DG 8: 102r/21
[1] landa: kindar DG8
[1] ǫglis: ‘æglis’ 325VII, DG8
arm, hand
1.1.1. land of the bird of prey (A3)
Þorm Lv 25^I
drif ǫrva
‘a blizzard of arrows’ = BATTLE
a blizzard of arrows, → BATTLE

DG 8: 102r/21
battle
1.2.1.4. shower of arrows
Þorm Lv 24^I
grǫnn Skǫgul in hvíta setrs hauka
‘the slender, white Skǫgul of the seat of hawks’ = WOMAN
the seat of hawks → ARM
the slender, white Skǫgul of the ARM → WOMAN

DG 8: 102r/25
[2] Skǫgul: kona DG8
[3] in: um DG8
[3] hvíta: hættinn DG8
[3] hauka setrs: so 61, 325VII, Flat, Tóm, Kˣ, 142ˣ, 566aˣ, DG8
female, woman
12.1. female mythical being of arm/hand (B2b)
Þorm Lv 24^I
setr hauka
‘of the seat of hawks’ = ARM
the seat of hawks → ARM

DG 8: 102r/25
[3] hauka setrs: so 61, 325VII, Flat, Tóm, Kˣ, 142ˣ, 566aˣ, DG8
arm, hand
1.1.2. home, resting place of the bird of prey (A3)
Þorm Lv 24^I
djúp spor hríðar Dags ok danskra vápna
‘the deep tracks of the blizzard of Dagr and of danish weapons’ = WOUNDS
the blizzard of Dagr → BATTLE
the deep tracks of the BATTLEand of Danish weapons → WOUNDS

DG 8: 102r/25
[7] djúp: draupnis 321ˣ, 61, Bb, DG8
[8] spor: ‘svor’ DG8
[8] Dags: so 972ˣ, 73aˣ, Holm4, 61, 325V, 325VII, Bb, Flat, Tóm, 142ˣ, DG8
[7] danskra: dýrra 321ˣ, DG8
wound
1.2. track of battle
Þorm Lv 24^I
hríð Dags
‘of the blizzard of Dagr ’ = BATTLE
the blizzard of Dagr → BATTLE

DG 8: 102r/25
[8] Dags: so 972ˣ, 73aˣ, Holm4, 61, 325V, 325VII, Bb, Flat, Tóm, 142ˣ, DG8
battle
1.2.5. shower of a legendary person
Þorm Lv 24^I
morðvenjandi meldrar Fenju
‘the killing-accustomed one of the flour of Fenja’ = GENEROUS MAN = Þormóðr
the flour of Fenja. → GOLD
the killing-accustomed one of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN = Þormóðr

DG 8: 102r/25
[6] morðvenjanda: móteggjaðra DG8
[5] meldrar: mæra DG8
generous man
1.09. killer of wealth
Þorm Lv 24^I
meldr Fenju
‘of the flour of Fenja’ = GOLD
the flour of Fenja. → GOLD

DG 8: 102r/25
[5] meldrar: mæra DG8
gold
9.2.2. flour of Fenja and Menja (A1)
Sigv Lv 26^I
ógnbandaðr
‘the battle-gesturer’ = WARRIOR
the battle-gesturer, → WARRIOR

DG 8: 103r/19
[6] ‑bandaðr: ‑bannaðr DG8
warrior
. man of battle

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Kennings — DG 8 (DG8)

Sigv Víkv 6I

DG 8: 72v/33

Anon Liðs 1I

DG 8: 73r/9

Anon Liðs 1I

DG 8: 73r/9

Anon Liðs 2I

DG 8: 73r/11

Anon Liðs 2I

DG 8: 73r/11

Anon Liðs 2I

DG 8: 73r/11

Anon Liðs 3I

DG 8: 73r/14

Anon Liðs 3I

DG 8: 73r/14

Anon Liðs 3I

DG 8: 73r/14

Anon Liðs 3I

DG 8: 73r/14

Anon Liðs 3I

DG 8: 73r/14

Anon Liðs 4I

DG 8: 73r/16

Anon Liðs 5I

DG 8: 73r/19

Anon Liðs 5I

DG 8: 73r/19

Anon Liðs 5I

DG 8: 73r/19

Anon Liðs 6I

DG 8: 73r/21

Anon Liðs 6I

DG 8: 73r/21

Anon Liðs 6I

DG 8: 73r/21

Anon Liðs 6I

DG 8: 73r/21

Anon Liðs 7I

DG 8: 73r/24

Anon Liðs 7I

DG 8: 73r/24

Anon Liðs 7I

DG 8: 73r/24

Anon Liðs 7I

DG 8: 73r/24

Anon Liðs 8I

DG 8: 73r/27

Anon Liðs 8I

DG 8: 73r/27

Anon Liðs 9I

DG 8: 73r/29

Anon Liðs 9I

DG 8: 73r/29

Anon Liðs 9I

DG 8: 73r/29

Anon Liðs 9I

DG 8: 73r/29

Anon Liðs 9I

DG 8: 73r/29

Anon Liðs 9I

DG 8: 73r/29

Anon Liðs 10I

DG 8: 73r/32

Anon Liðs 10I

DG 8: 73r/32

Anon Liðs 10I

DG 8: 73r/32

Sigv Víkv 8I

DG 8: 73v/28

Sigv Víkv 8I

DG 8: 73v/28

Sigv Víkv 9I

DG 8: 73v/31

Sigv Nesv 3I

DG 8: 78v/26

Sigv Nesv 3I

DG 8: 78v/26

Sigv Víkv 6^I

Anon Liðs 1^I

Anon Liðs 1^I

Anon Liðs 2^I

Anon Liðs 2^I

Anon Liðs 2^I

Anon Liðs 3^I

Anon Liðs 3^I

Anon Liðs 3^I

Anon Liðs 3^I

Anon Liðs 3^I

Anon Liðs 4^I

Anon Liðs 5^I

Anon Liðs 5^I

Anon Liðs 5^I

Anon Liðs 6^I

Anon Liðs 6^I

Anon Liðs 6^I

Anon Liðs 6^I

Anon Liðs 7^I

Anon Liðs 7^I

Anon Liðs 7^I

Anon Liðs 7^I

Anon Liðs 8^I

Anon Liðs 8^I

Anon Liðs 9^I

Anon Liðs 9^I

Anon Liðs 9^I

Anon Liðs 9^I

Anon Liðs 9^I

Anon Liðs 9^I

Anon Liðs 10^I

Anon Liðs 10^I

Anon Liðs 10^I

Sigv Víkv 8^I

Sigv Víkv 8^I

Sigv Víkv 9^I

Sigv Nesv 3^I

Sigv Nesv 3^I

Þorm Lv 10^I

Þorm Lv 10^I

Þorm Lv 10^I

Þorm Lv 11^I

Þorm Lv 11^I

Þorm Lv 11^I

Þorm Lv 15^I

Þorm Lv 15^I

Þorm Lv 15^I

Þorm Lv 15^I

Þorm Lv 15^I

Þorm Lv 15^I

Ótt Lv 2^I

Ótt Hfl 1^I

Ótt Hfl 1^I

Bersi Lv 1^I

Bersi Lv 1^I

Bersi Lv 1^I

Bersi Lv 1^I

Bersi Lv 1^I

Sigv Lv 19^I

Ótt Lv 3^I

Ótt Lv 3^I

Ótt Lv 1^I

Ótt Lv 1^I

Ótt Lv 1^I

Ótt Lv 1^I

Ótt Lv 1^I

Þorf Lv 1^I

Þorf Lv 1^I

Þorf Lv 1^I

Þorf Lv 1^I

Þorf Lv 1^I

Sigv Knútdr 7^I

Sigv Knútdr 7^I