Lausavísur §

fullar ‘’

2. fullr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): full, complete

fillar ‘’

fyllar ‘’

fylla (verb): fill

Fullu ‘of Fulla’

Fulla (noun f.): Fulla

[1, 2] fallsól vallar bráa Fullu ‘the setting sun of the plain of the brows of Fulla <goddess> [FOREHEAD > GOLD]’: The little-known goddess Fulla is described in Gylf (SnE 2005, 29, 47) as a maidservant of Frigg who, as an unmarried woman, wears her hair free of a headdress but with a golden band, and this motif supplies the basis for a gold-kenning pattern (on Fulla, see also Note to Þul Ásynja 1/4^III). The variant Fyllar (gen. sg.) appears to be a strong-declension by-form of Fulla with nom. *Fyllr (ÍF 26; ÍF 29). The specific mention of the setting sun (cf. sólarfall ‘sunset’, Konráð Gíslason 1892, 70) may relate to the redness of some gold: cf. rautt goll ‘red gold’ (LP: rauðr); ÍF 26 gives a more naturalistic explanation.

skein ‘shone’

skína (verb): shine

[1]: The diction of the line evokes a natural image of the sun setting over mountains (Hkr 1893-1901, IV) while also providing continuity from fjǫllum Fýrisvalla ‘mountains of Fýrisvellir’ in Lv 8/3.

af ‘’

af (prep.): from

á ‘on’

3. á (prep.): on, at

[1]: The diction of the line evokes a natural image of the sun setting over mountains (Hkr 1893-1901, IV) while also providing continuity from fjǫllum Fýrisvalla ‘mountains of Fýrisvellir’ in Lv 8/3.

fjǫllum ‘the mountains’

dat. pl.

1. fjall (noun n.): mountain

[1]: The diction of the line evokes a natural image of the sun setting over mountains (Hkr 1893-1901, IV) while also providing continuity from fjǫllum Fýrisvalla ‘mountains of Fýrisvellir’ in Lv 8/3.

fall ‘The setting’

falla (verb): fall < fallsól (noun f.): [setting sun]

[1]: The diction of the line evokes a natural image of the sun setting over mountains (Hkr 1893-1901, IV) while also providing continuity from fjǫllum Fýrisvalla ‘mountains of Fýrisvellir’ in Lv 8/3. — [1, 2] fallsól vallar bráa Fullu ‘the setting sun of the plain of the brows of Fulla <goddess> [FOREHEAD > GOLD]’: The little-known goddess Fulla is described in Gylf (SnE 2005, 29, 47) as a maidservant of Frigg who, as an unmarried woman, wears her hair free of a headdress but with a golden band, and this motif supplies the basis for a gold-kenning pattern (on Fulla, see also Note to Þul Ásynja 1/4^III). The variant Fyllar (gen. sg.) appears to be a strong-declension by-form of Fulla with nom. *Fyllr (ÍF 26; ÍF 29). The specific mention of the setting sun (cf. sólarfall ‘sunset’, Konráð Gíslason 1892, 70) may relate to the redness of some gold: cf. rautt goll ‘red gold’ (LP: rauðr); ÍF 26 gives a more naturalistic explanation.

fall ‘The setting’

falla (verb): fall < fallsól (noun f.): [setting sun]

[1]: The diction of the line evokes a natural image of the sun setting over mountains (Hkr 1893-1901, IV) while also providing continuity from fjǫllum Fýrisvalla ‘mountains of Fýrisvellir’ in Lv 8/3. — [1, 2] fallsól vallar bráa Fullu ‘the setting sun of the plain of the brows of Fulla <goddess> [FOREHEAD > GOLD]’: The little-known goddess Fulla is described in Gylf (SnE 2005, 29, 47) as a maidservant of Frigg who, as an unmarried woman, wears her hair free of a headdress but with a golden band, and this motif supplies the basis for a gold-kenning pattern (on Fulla, see also Note to Þul Ásynja 1/4^III). The variant Fyllar (gen. sg.) appears to be a strong-declension by-form of Fulla with nom. *Fyllr (ÍF 26; ÍF 29). The specific mention of the setting sun (cf. sólarfall ‘sunset’, Konráð Gíslason 1892, 70) may relate to the redness of some gold: cf. rautt goll ‘red gold’ (LP: rauðr); ÍF 26 gives a more naturalistic explanation.

fall ‘’

2. falr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): white, marketable

fall ‘’

2. falr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): white, marketable

fallsólar ‘’

fallsól (noun f.): [setting sun]

fjallsól ‘’

fjallsól (noun f.)

blá ‘’

blár (adj.): black

sól ‘’

sól (noun f.; °-ar, dat. -u/-; -ir): sun

sólbráar ‘’

1. sólbrá (noun f.)

brá ‘’

1. brá (noun f.; °brár; brár): eyelash, eyebrow

brá ‘’

1. brá (noun f.; °brár; brár): eyelash, eyebrow

sól ‘sun’

nom.

sól (noun f.; °-ar, dat. -u/-; -ir): sun < fallsól (noun f.): [setting sun]

[1]: The diction of the line evokes a natural image of the sun setting over mountains (Hkr 1893-1901, IV) while also providing continuity from fjǫllum Fýrisvalla ‘mountains of Fýrisvellir’ in Lv 8/3. — [1, 2] fallsól vallar bráa Fullu ‘the setting sun of the plain of the brows of Fulla <goddess> [FOREHEAD > GOLD]’: The little-known goddess Fulla is described in Gylf (SnE 2005, 29, 47) as a maidservant of Frigg who, as an unmarried woman, wears her hair free of a headdress but with a golden band, and this motif supplies the basis for a gold-kenning pattern (on Fulla, see also Note to Þul Ásynja 1/4^III). The variant Fyllar (gen. sg.) appears to be a strong-declension by-form of Fulla with nom. *Fyllr (ÍF 26; ÍF 29). The specific mention of the setting sun (cf. sólarfall ‘sunset’, Konráð Gíslason 1892, 70) may relate to the redness of some gold: cf. rautt goll ‘red gold’ (LP: rauðr); ÍF 26 gives a more naturalistic explanation.

sól ‘sun’

nom.

sól (noun f.; °-ar, dat. -u/-; -ir): sun < fallsól (noun f.): [setting sun]

[1]: The diction of the line evokes a natural image of the sun setting over mountains (Hkr 1893-1901, IV) while also providing continuity from fjǫllum Fýrisvalla ‘mountains of Fýrisvellir’ in Lv 8/3. — [1, 2] fallsól vallar bráa Fullu ‘the setting sun of the plain of the brows of Fulla <goddess> [FOREHEAD > GOLD]’: The little-known goddess Fulla is described in Gylf (SnE 2005, 29, 47) as a maidservant of Frigg who, as an unmarried woman, wears her hair free of a headdress but with a golden band, and this motif supplies the basis for a gold-kenning pattern (on Fulla, see also Note to Þul Ásynja 1/4^III). The variant Fyllar (gen. sg.) appears to be a strong-declension by-form of Fulla with nom. *Fyllr (ÍF 26; ÍF 29). The specific mention of the setting sun (cf. sólarfall ‘sunset’, Konráð Gíslason 1892, 70) may relate to the redness of some gold: cf. rautt goll ‘red gold’ (LP: rauðr); ÍF 26 gives a more naturalistic explanation.

valla ‘’

vǫllr (noun m.; °vallar, dat. velli; vellir acc. vǫllu/velli): plain, field

bráa ‘of the brows’

1. brá (noun f.; °brár; brár): eyelash, eyebrow

[1, 2] fallsól vallar bráa Fullu ‘the setting sun of the plain of the brows of Fulla <goddess> [FOREHEAD > GOLD]’: The little-known goddess Fulla is described in Gylf (SnE 2005, 29, 47) as a maidservant of Frigg who, as an unmarried woman, wears her hair free of a headdress but with a golden band, and this motif supplies the basis for a gold-kenning pattern (on Fulla, see also Note to Þul Ásynja 1/4^III). The variant Fyllar (gen. sg.) appears to be a strong-declension by-form of Fulla with nom. *Fyllr (ÍF 26; ÍF 29). The specific mention of the setting sun (cf. sólarfall ‘sunset’, Konráð Gíslason 1892, 70) may relate to the redness of some gold: cf. rautt goll ‘red gold’ (LP: rauðr); ÍF 26 gives a more naturalistic explanation.

bráa ‘of the brows’

1. brá (noun f.; °brár; brár): eyelash, eyebrow

[1, 2] fallsól vallar bráa Fullu ‘the setting sun of the plain of the brows of Fulla <goddess> [FOREHEAD > GOLD]’: The little-known goddess Fulla is described in Gylf (SnE 2005, 29, 47) as a maidservant of Frigg who, as an unmarried woman, wears her hair free of a headdress but with a golden band, and this motif supplies the basis for a gold-kenning pattern (on Fulla, see also Note to Þul Ásynja 1/4^III). The variant Fyllar (gen. sg.) appears to be a strong-declension by-form of Fulla with nom. *Fyllr (ÍF 26; ÍF 29). The specific mention of the setting sun (cf. sólarfall ‘sunset’, Konráð Gíslason 1892, 70) may relate to the redness of some gold: cf. rautt goll ‘red gold’ (LP: rauðr); ÍF 26 gives a more naturalistic explanation.

ull ‘’

ull (noun f.; °-ar, dat. -u): [wool]

vallar ‘of the plain’

gen.

vǫllr (noun m.; °vallar, dat. velli; vellir acc. vǫllu/velli): plain, field

[1, 2] fallsól vallar bráa Fullu ‘the setting sun of the plain of the brows of Fulla <goddess> [FOREHEAD > GOLD]’: The little-known goddess Fulla is described in Gylf (SnE 2005, 29, 47) as a maidservant of Frigg who, as an unmarried woman, wears her hair free of a headdress but with a golden band, and this motif supplies the basis for a gold-kenning pattern (on Fulla, see also Note to Þul Ásynja 1/4^III). The variant Fyllar (gen. sg.) appears to be a strong-declension by-form of Fulla with nom. *Fyllr (ÍF 26; ÍF 29). The specific mention of the setting sun (cf. sólarfall ‘sunset’, Konráð Gíslason 1892, 70) may relate to the redness of some gold: cf. rautt goll ‘red gold’ (LP: rauðr); ÍF 26 gives a more naturalistic explanation.

vallar ‘of the plain’

gen.

vǫllr (noun m.; °vallar, dat. velli; vellir acc. vǫllu/velli): plain, field

[1, 2] fallsól vallar bráa Fullu ‘the setting sun of the plain of the brows of Fulla <goddess> [FOREHEAD > GOLD]’: The little-known goddess Fulla is described in Gylf (SnE 2005, 29, 47) as a maidservant of Frigg who, as an unmarried woman, wears her hair free of a headdress but with a golden band, and this motif supplies the basis for a gold-kenning pattern (on Fulla, see also Note to Þul Ásynja 1/4^III). The variant Fyllar (gen. sg.) appears to be a strong-declension by-form of Fulla with nom. *Fyllr (ÍF 26; ÍF 29). The specific mention of the setting sun (cf. sólarfall ‘sunset’, Konráð Gíslason 1892, 70) may relate to the redness of some gold: cf. rautt goll ‘red gold’ (LP: rauðr); ÍF 26 gives a more naturalistic explanation.

Ullar ‘of Ullr’

Ullr (noun m.): Ullr

[3] kjóls Ullar ‘of the ship of Ullr <god> [SHIELD]’: This kenning type is familiar, but no explanation for it occurs in SnE; see also ÞjóðA Frag 3/2^II and Note.

Ullar ‘of Ullr’

Ullr (noun m.): Ullr

[3] kjóls Ullar ‘of the ship of Ullr <god> [SHIELD]’: This kenning type is familiar, but no explanation for it occurs in SnE; see also ÞjóðA Frag 3/2^II and Note.

ef ‘’

3. ef (conj.): if

kjóls ‘of the ship’

gen.

kjóll (noun m.): ship

[3] kjóls Ullar ‘of the ship of Ullr <god> [SHIELD]’: This kenning type is familiar, but no explanation for it occurs in SnE; see also ÞjóðA Frag 3/2^II and Note.

kjóls ‘of the ship’

gen.

kjóll (noun m.): ship

[3] kjóls Ullar ‘of the ship of Ullr <god> [SHIELD]’: This kenning type is familiar, but no explanation for it occurs in SnE; see also ÞjóðA Frag 3/2^II and Note.

of ‘throughout’

3. of (prep.): around, from; too

[3, 4] of allan aldr Hôkonar ‘throughout Hákon’s whole lifetime’: Cf. the closely similar phrasing in Lv 8/1, 4. 

allan ‘whole’

allr (adj.): all

[3, 4] of allan aldr Hôkonar ‘throughout Hákon’s whole lifetime’: Cf. the closely similar phrasing in Lv 8/1, 4. 

hákonr ‘’

Hákon (noun m.): Hákon

aldr ‘lifetime’

aldr (noun m.; °aldrs, dat. aldri; aldrar): life, age

[3, 4] of allan aldr Hôkonar ‘throughout Hákon’s whole lifetime’: Cf. the closely similar phrasing in Lv 8/1, 4. 

Hô ‘Há’

3. hár (adj.; °-van; compar. hǽrri, superl. hǽstr): high < Hákon (noun m.): Hákon

[3, 4] of allan aldr Hôkonar ‘throughout Hákon’s whole lifetime’: Cf. the closely similar phrasing in Lv 8/1, 4. 

skjǫldum ‘’

skjǫldr (noun m.; °skjaldar/skildar, dat. skildi; skildir, acc. skjǫldu): shield

konar ‘kon’s’

1. kyn (noun n.; °-s; -): kin < Hákon (noun m.): Hákon

[3, 4] of allan aldr Hôkonar ‘throughout Hákon’s whole lifetime’: Cf. the closely similar phrasing in Lv 8/1, 4. 

afl ‘’

2. afl (noun n.; °-s; *-): strength < aflrǫðull (noun m.)

skǫldum ‘of skalds’

skáld (noun n.; °-s; -): poet

rauðr ‘’

rauðr (adj.; °compar. -ari): red < alfrauðr (adj.)

rǫðul ‘’

rǫðull (noun m.; °dat. rǫðli): heavenly body < alfrǫðull (noun m.)

Nús ‘Now’

nú (adv.): now

alf ‘the’

alfr (noun m.; °; -ar): elf < alfrǫðull (noun m.): [elf-disc]alfr (noun m.; °; -ar): elf < alfrǫðull (noun m.)alfr (noun m.; °; -ar): elf < alfrauðr (adj.)

[5] alfrǫðull ‘the sun’: Lit. ‘elf-beam’, used both as a common noun and as a proper name for the sun (LP: álfrǫðull).

rǫðull ‘sun’

nom.

rǫðull (noun m.; °dat. rǫðli): heavenly body < alfrǫðull (noun m.): [elf-disc]rǫðull (noun m.; °dat. rǫðli): heavenly body < aflrǫðull (noun m.)

[5] alfrǫðull ‘the sun’: Lit. ‘elf-beam’, used both as a common noun and as a proper name for the sun (LP: álfrǫðull).

elfar ‘of the river’

elfr (noun f.): river

af ‘’

af (prep.): from

fór ‘’

fara (verb; ferr, fór, fóru, farinn): go, travel

jǫtna ‘of the giants’

jǫtunn (noun m.; °jǫtuns, dat. jǫtni; jǫtnar): giant

jǫtna ‘of the giants’

jǫtunn (noun m.; °jǫtuns, dat. jǫtni; jǫtnar): giant

dolgs ‘of the enemy’

gen.

dolgr (noun m.; °dat. -; -ar): enemy, battle

dolgs ‘of the enemy’

gen.

dolgr (noun m.; °dat. -; -ar): enemy, battle

rof ‘’

rof (noun n.; °-s): [retreat, breach]

of ‘is’

4. of (particle): (before verb)

enu ‘’

2. inn (art.): the

folginn ‘hidden’

2. fela (verb): hide

rammar ‘’

rammr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): mighty

rôð ‘the resolutions’

ráð (noun n.; °-s; -): advice, plan, control, power

[7-8] rôð rammrar þjóðar eru rík ‘the resolutions of the mighty people are powerful’: The identity of the þjóð ‘people’ and the nature of their rôð ‘resolutions’ is uncertain; Bjarni Einarsson (ÍF 29) glosses the clause því veldur ráðríki höfðingja (?) ‘that is caused by the imperiousness of the leaders (?)’. It is normally taken to refer to King Haraldr gráfeldr and his brothers (Hkr 1893-1901, IV), but an alternative identification, with a more standard interpretation of the word þjóð, would be with the people of the Trøndelag at large, whose resentment of the harsh rule of the Gunnhildarsynir (Eiríkssynir) contributed to Haraldr gráfeldr’s eventual destruction (Andersen 1977, 96-7; cf. Hkr 1991; ÍF 26 offers both identifications). Eyvindr stigmatises Haraldr as a folkstríðir ‘afflicter of the people’ in Lv 8/5 and may here be encouraging resistance.

eru ‘are’

2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am

[7-8] rôð rammrar þjóðar eru rík ‘the resolutions of the mighty people are powerful’: The identity of the þjóð ‘people’ and the nature of their rôð ‘resolutions’ is uncertain; Bjarni Einarsson (ÍF 29) glosses the clause því veldur ráðríki höfðingja (?) ‘that is caused by the imperiousness of the leaders (?)’. It is normally taken to refer to King Haraldr gráfeldr and his brothers (Hkr 1893-1901, IV), but an alternative identification, with a more standard interpretation of the word þjóð, would be with the people of the Trøndelag at large, whose resentment of the harsh rule of the Gunnhildarsynir (Eiríkssynir) contributed to Haraldr gráfeldr’s eventual destruction (Andersen 1977, 96-7; cf. Hkr 1991; ÍF 26 offers both identifications). Eyvindr stigmatises Haraldr as a folkstríðir ‘afflicter of the people’ in Lv 8/5 and may here be encouraging resistance.

rammrar ‘of the mighty’

rammr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): mighty

[7-8] rôð rammrar þjóðar eru rík ‘the resolutions of the mighty people are powerful’: The identity of the þjóð ‘people’ and the nature of their rôð ‘resolutions’ is uncertain; Bjarni Einarsson (ÍF 29) glosses the clause því veldur ráðríki höfðingja (?) ‘that is caused by the imperiousness of the leaders (?)’. It is normally taken to refer to King Haraldr gráfeldr and his brothers (Hkr 1893-1901, IV), but an alternative identification, with a more standard interpretation of the word þjóð, would be with the people of the Trøndelag at large, whose resentment of the harsh rule of the Gunnhildarsynir (Eiríkssynir) contributed to Haraldr gráfeldr’s eventual destruction (Andersen 1977, 96-7; cf. Hkr 1991; ÍF 26 offers both identifications). Eyvindr stigmatises Haraldr as a folkstríðir ‘afflicter of the people’ in Lv 8/5 and may here be encouraging resistance.

þjóðar ‘people’

þjóð (noun f.; °-ar, dat. -/-u; -ir): people

[7-8] rôð rammrar þjóðar eru rík ‘the resolutions of the mighty people are powerful’: The identity of the þjóð ‘people’ and the nature of their rôð ‘resolutions’ is uncertain; Bjarni Einarsson (ÍF 29) glosses the clause því veldur ráðríki höfðingja (?) ‘that is caused by the imperiousness of the leaders (?)’. It is normally taken to refer to King Haraldr gráfeldr and his brothers (Hkr 1893-1901, IV), but an alternative identification, with a more standard interpretation of the word þjóð, would be with the people of the Trøndelag at large, whose resentment of the harsh rule of the Gunnhildarsynir (Eiríkssynir) contributed to Haraldr gráfeldr’s eventual destruction (Andersen 1977, 96-7; cf. Hkr 1991; ÍF 26 offers both identifications). Eyvindr stigmatises Haraldr as a folkstríðir ‘afflicter of the people’ in Lv 8/5 and may here be encouraging resistance.

ríkmagnaðrar ‘’

rík ‘powerful’

ríkr (adj.): mighty, powerful, rich

[7-8] rôð rammrar þjóðar eru rík ‘the resolutions of the mighty people are powerful’: The identity of the þjóð ‘people’ and the nature of their rôð ‘resolutions’ is uncertain; Bjarni Einarsson (ÍF 29) glosses the clause því veldur ráðríki höfðingja (?) ‘that is caused by the imperiousness of the leaders (?)’. It is normally taken to refer to King Haraldr gráfeldr and his brothers (Hkr 1893-1901, IV), but an alternative identification, with a more standard interpretation of the word þjóð, would be with the people of the Trøndelag at large, whose resentment of the harsh rule of the Gunnhildarsynir (Eiríkssynir) contributed to Haraldr gráfeldr’s eventual destruction (Andersen 1977, 96-7; cf. Hkr 1991; ÍF 26 offers both identifications). Eyvindr stigmatises Haraldr as a folkstríðir ‘afflicter of the people’ in Lv 8/5 and may here be encouraging resistance.

slíkrar ‘’

2. slíkr (adj.): such

í ‘in’

í (prep.): in, into

móður ‘of the mother’

gen.

móðir (noun f.): mother

líki ‘the body’

1. lík (noun n.; °-s; -): body, shape