Sturl Hryn 15II
Valgerður Erna Þorvaldsdóttir (ed.) 2009, ‘Sturla Þórðarson, Hrynhenda 15’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 692-3.
Digla ‘of crucibles’
(not checked:)
digull (noun m.; °diguls; diglar): crucible
kennings
Eldr digla‘The fire of crucibles ’
= GOLD
The fire of crucibles → GOLD
eldr ‘The fire’
(not checked:)
eldr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i/-(HómÍsl¹(1993) 24v²⁴); -ar): fire
kennings
Eldr digla‘The fire of crucibles ’
= GOLD
The fire of crucibles → GOLD
var ‘was’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
sénn ‘seen’
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2. sjá (verb): see
í ‘on’
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í (prep.): in, into
segli ‘the sail’
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segl (noun n.; °-s; -): sail
svipti ‘flinging’
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2. svipta (verb): deprive, snatch < sviptilundr (noun m.): [flinging-tree]
kennings
sviptilundr logs Rínar;‘flinging-tree of the flame of the Rhine; ’
= GENEROUS MAN
the flame of the Rhine; → GOLD
flinging-tree of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN
notes
[2, 4] sviptilundr logs Rínar ‘flinging-tree of the flame of the Rhine <river> [GOLD > GENEROUS MAN]’: Both parts of the cpd, sviptir ‘flinger, swift mover’ (nomen agentis) and lundr ‘tree’ could serve as base-words in this kenning. For a discussion of such kennings with verbal first elements, see Kuhn 1990.
lundr ‘tree’
(not checked:)
1. lundr (noun m.; °-ar, dat. -i/-; -ar): grove, tree < sviptilundr (noun m.): [flinging-tree]
kennings
sviptilundr logs Rínar;‘flinging-tree of the flame of the Rhine; ’
= GENEROUS MAN
the flame of the Rhine; → GOLD
flinging-tree of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN
notes
[2, 4] sviptilundr logs Rínar ‘flinging-tree of the flame of the Rhine <river> [GOLD > GENEROUS MAN]’: Both parts of the cpd, sviptir ‘flinger, swift mover’ (nomen agentis) and lundr ‘tree’ could serve as base-words in this kenning. For a discussion of such kennings with verbal first elements, see Kuhn 1990.
á ‘on’
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3. á (prep.): on, at
dýrðar ‘of glory’
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dýrð (noun f.; °-ar/-a(NoDipl(1279) 44²); -ir): glory
tóku ‘began’
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2. taka (verb): take
roðnir ‘the reddened’
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roðna (verb): redden
hausar ‘heads’
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hauss (noun m.; °hauss, dat. hausi/haus; hausar): skull
Rínar ‘of the Rhine’
(not checked:)
Rín (noun f.): [Rhine]
kennings
sviptilundr logs Rínar;‘flinging-tree of the flame of the Rhine; ’
= GENEROUS MAN
the flame of the Rhine; → GOLD
flinging-tree of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN
notes
[2, 4] sviptilundr logs Rínar ‘flinging-tree of the flame of the Rhine <river> [GOLD > GENEROUS MAN]’: Both parts of the cpd, sviptir ‘flinger, swift mover’ (nomen agentis) and lundr ‘tree’ could serve as base-words in this kenning. For a discussion of such kennings with verbal first elements, see Kuhn 1990.
Rínar ‘of the Rhine’
(not checked:)
Rín (noun f.): [Rhine]
kennings
sviptilundr logs Rínar;‘flinging-tree of the flame of the Rhine; ’
= GENEROUS MAN
the flame of the Rhine; → GOLD
flinging-tree of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN
notes
[2, 4] sviptilundr logs Rínar ‘flinging-tree of the flame of the Rhine <river> [GOLD > GENEROUS MAN]’: Both parts of the cpd, sviptir ‘flinger, swift mover’ (nomen agentis) and lundr ‘tree’ could serve as base-words in this kenning. For a discussion of such kennings with verbal first elements, see Kuhn 1990.
kennings
sviptilundr logs Rínar;‘flinging-tree of the flame of the Rhine; ’
= GENEROUS MAN
the flame of the Rhine; → GOLD
flinging-tree of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN
notes
[2, 4] sviptilundr logs Rínar ‘flinging-tree of the flame of the Rhine <river> [GOLD > GENEROUS MAN]’: Both parts of the cpd, sviptir ‘flinger, swift mover’ (nomen agentis) and lundr ‘tree’ could serve as base-words in this kenning. For a discussion of such kennings with verbal first elements, see Kuhn 1990.
kennings
sviptilundr logs Rínar;‘flinging-tree of the flame of the Rhine; ’
= GENEROUS MAN
the flame of the Rhine; → GOLD
flinging-tree of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN
notes
[2, 4] sviptilundr logs Rínar ‘flinging-tree of the flame of the Rhine <river> [GOLD > GENEROUS MAN]’: Both parts of the cpd, sviptir ‘flinger, swift mover’ (nomen agentis) and lundr ‘tree’ could serve as base-words in this kenning. For a discussion of such kennings with verbal first elements, see Kuhn 1990.
dreka ‘dragon-headed warship’
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dreki (noun m.; °-a; -ar): dragon, dragon-ship
[4] dreka: drekanum Flat
þínum ‘your’
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þinn (pron.; °f. þín, n. þitt): your
Unnar ‘of the wave’
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2. unnr (noun f.): wave
kennings
Fasti unnar‘The fire of the wave ’
= GOLD
The fire of the wave → GOLD
eisur ‘cinders’
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1. eisa (noun f.; °; -ur): flame, ember
brenna ‘seemed to burn’
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2. brenna (verb; °brennr/brenn; brann, brunnu; brunninn): (strong, intransitive)
Ullar ‘of Ullr’
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Ullr (noun m.): Ullr
kennings
fars Ullar‘of the ship of Ullr ’
= SHIELD
the ship of Ullr → SHIELD
notes
[6] fars Ullar ‘of the ship of Ullr <god> [SHIELD]’: For kennings of this type, see Notes to ÞjóðA Frag 3/2 and Sturl Hákkv 20/2-3.
fars ‘of the ship’
(not checked:)
far (noun n.; °-s; *-): travel, vessel, trace, life, conduct
kennings
fars Ullar‘of the ship of Ullr ’
= SHIELD
the ship of Ullr → SHIELD
notes
[6] fars Ullar ‘of the ship of Ullr <god> [SHIELD]’: For kennings of this type, see Notes to ÞjóðA Frag 3/2 and Sturl Hákkv 20/2-3.
af ‘from’
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af (prep.): from
slegnu ‘the hammered’
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sleggja (noun f.; °-u; -ur): hammer, sledge-hammer
gulli ‘gold’
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gull (noun n.): gold
fasti ‘The fire’
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fasti (noun m.; °; -ar): flame, fire
kennings
Fasti unnar‘The fire of the wave ’
= GOLD
The fire of the wave → GOLD
rauð ‘reddened’
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rjóða (verb): to redden
glæstum ‘the adorned’
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glæsa (verb): adorn
flesta ‘most’
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fleiri (adj. comp.; °superl. flestr): more, most
rönd ‘of the shields’
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rǫnd (noun f.; °dat. -/-u; rendr/randir): shield, shield-rim
notes
[8] rönd (f. acc. sg.) ‘the shields’: Rönd lit. means ‘rim’ but is often used as pars pro toto for ‘shield’ or ‘shields’, as it is here.
skeiða ‘the warships’’
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skeiða (verb): [warships’] < skeiðabrandr (noun m.)
[8] skeiða‑: skeiðar 81a, 8, Flat
bröndum ‘prows’
(not checked:)
brandr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): sword, prow; fire < skeiðabrandr (noun m.)
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
The fire of crucibles [GOLD] was seen on the figures of glory on the sail over your dragon-headed warship, flinging-tree of the flame of the Rhine <river> [GOLD > GENEROUS MAN]; the reddened heads began to rise. The fire of the wave [GOLD] reddened most of the shields above the adorned fleet; cinders seemed to burn from the hammered gold of the ship of Ullr <god> [SHIELD] on the warships’ prows.
Sturla focuses on King Hákon’s fleet in the next three sts, sts 15-17, marvelling at the gold-adorned ships with decorated sails. This st. describes the fleet as it sailed from Tønsberg south to Öckerö (Ekreyjar) in 1257.
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