SnSt Ht 21III
Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2017, ‘Snorri Sturluson, Háttatal 21’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 1127.
notes
[1] lung ‘the ship’: See Note to Þul Skipa 2/7.
þengils ‘of the ruler’s’
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þengill (noun m.): prince, ruler
lá ‘the sea’
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1. lá (noun f.; °; -r): surf
reis ‘rose’
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rísa (verb): rise, raise
of ‘around’
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3. of (prep.): around, from; too
skut ‘the stern’
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skutr (noun m.; °dat. -; -ar): [stern]
[2] skut: so all others, skot R
geisa ‘rushed along’
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geisa (verb): rage
en ‘and’
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2. en (conj.): but, and
svǫrð ‘the rope’
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svǫrðr (noun m.; °svarðar, dat. sverði; sverðir, acc. svǫrðu): scalp
[3] svǫrð: sverð U(51v)
notes
[3] svǫrð ‘the rope’: Walrus skins (svǫrð) were cut up and used for ropes.
of ‘above’
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3. of (prep.): around, from; too
her ‘the army’
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herr (noun m.; °-s/-jar, dat. -; -jar, gen. -ja/herra): army, host
[3] her herða: ‘[…]arða’ W
stóð ‘the stud-horses’
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2. stóð (noun n.; °-s): stud-horse
kennings
stóð Róða‘the stud-horses of Róði ’
= SHIPS
the stud-horses of Róði → SHIPS
notes
[4] stóð ‘the stud-horses’: Stóð (n. nom. sg.) is a collective referring to a group of stud-horses (mares and a stallion).
gram ‘the prince’
(not checked:)
1. gramr (noun m.): ruler
kennings
stóð Róða‘the stud-horses of Róði ’
= SHIPS
the stud-horses of Róði → SHIPS
notes
[4] Róða ‘of Róði <sea-king>’: Rjóða (‘rioþa’) ‘redden’ has been altered in R to Róða (‘roþa’ R*). For the sea-king Róði, see Note to Þul Sea-kings l. 5 (see also Þul Sækonunga 3/7).
fær ‘will’
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2. fá (verb; °fǽr; fekk, fengu; fenginn): get, receive
þungra ‘of the heavy’
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þungr (adj.): heavy
skeiða ‘warships’
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1. skeið (noun f.; °-ar; -r/-ar/-ir): ship
notes
[5] skeiða ‘warships’: This type of ship appears to have been larger than a snekkja ‘warship’ (see Note to st. 20/6 above and Jesch 2001a, 126-7).
rúm ‘rowing-stations’
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rúm (noun n.; °-s; -): place
skipat ‘man’
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1. skipa (verb): change, place
lǫngum ‘for a long time’
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langr (adj.; °compar. lengri, superl. lengstr): long
stál ‘prows’
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1. stál (noun n.; °-s; -): steel, weapon, prow
lætr ‘lets’
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láta (verb): let, have sth done
styrjar ‘of strife’
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styrr (noun m.; °dat. -): battle
kennings
deilir styrjar‘the controller of strife ’
= WARRIOR
the controller of strife → WARRIOR
deilir ‘the controller’
(not checked:)
deilir (noun m.): ruler, ordainer
kennings
deilir styrjar‘the controller of strife ’
= WARRIOR
the controller of strife → WARRIOR
stinn ‘stiff’
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stinnr (adj.): stiff, firm
kløkk ‘yielding’
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kløkkr (adj.): flexible, humble
í ‘into’
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í (prep.): in, into
mar ‘the sea’
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1. marr (noun m.): sea
søkkva ‘sink’
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2. søkkva (verb): sink, weak trans.
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
|
Lung frák lýða þengils |
I heard that the ship of the ruler’s men rushed along and that the rope tightened above the army; the sea rose around the stern; the stud-horses of Róði <sea-king> [SHIPS] ran beneath the prince. People will for a long time man the narrow rowing-stations of the heavy warships; the controller of strife [WARRIOR] lets stiff prows sink yielding into the sea.
As st. 20 above. Refhvǫrf occurs in the first two words of the even lines in this stanza.
The headings are xiiij. háttr ‘the fourteenth verse-form’ (Tˣ) and ǫnnur in minni ‘the second lesser’ (U(47r)). — The following antitheses constitute the refhvǫrf: lá ‘lay’ (taken as 3rd pers. sg. pret. indic. of liggja ‘lie’ rather than as the noun lá ‘sea’) : reis ‘rose’ (l. 2); hljóp ‘ran’ : stóð ‘stood’ (taken as 3rd pers. sg. pret. indic. of standa ‘stand’ rather than as the noun stóð ‘stud-horses’) (l. 4); þrǫng ‘narrow’ : rúm ‘wide’ (taken as an adj. rather than as the noun rúm n. pl. ‘rowing-stations’) (l. 6); stinn ‘stiff’ : kløkk ‘yielding’ (l. 8).
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