ÞjóðA Frag 1II
Diana Whaley (ed.) 2009, ‘Þjóðólfr Arnórsson, Fragments 1’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 159.
Nús ‘Now it’s’
(not checked:)
nú (adv.): now
val ‘of the stallion’
(not checked:)
3. valr (noun m.; °; -ir): horse < valmeiðr (noun m.)
[1] val‑: so all others, ‘valc‑’ Kˣ
kennings
víðis valmeiðum‘stallion-beams of the ocean’
= SEAFARERS
the stallion of the ocean → SHIP
the beams of the SHIP → SEAFARERS
notes
[1] val- ‘stallion’: Kˣ’s reading ‘valc-’ (normalised válk- ‘tossing’) is attractive but clearly secondary and fails to produce the base-word required by the ship-kenning. On valr in ship-kennings, see Note to Arn Hryn 19/4. — [3] skeiðr ‘warships’: On the monosyllabic pl., see Note to ÞjóðA Magnfl 12/7.
val ‘of the stallion’
(not checked:)
3. valr (noun m.; °; -ir): horse < valmeiðr (noun m.)
[1] val‑: so all others, ‘valc‑’ Kˣ
kennings
víðis valmeiðum‘stallion-beams of the ocean’
= SEAFARERS
the stallion of the ocean → SHIP
the beams of the SHIP → SEAFARERS
notes
[1] val- ‘stallion’: Kˣ’s reading ‘valc-’ (normalised válk- ‘tossing’) is attractive but clearly secondary and fails to produce the base-word required by the ship-kenning. On valr in ship-kennings, see Note to Arn Hryn 19/4. — [3] skeiðr ‘warships’: On the monosyllabic pl., see Note to ÞjóðA Magnfl 12/7.
meiðum ‘the beams’
(not checked:)
meiðr (noun m.): beam, tree < valmeiðr (noun m.)
kennings
víðis valmeiðum‘stallion-beams of the ocean’
= SEAFARERS
the stallion of the ocean → SHIP
the beams of the SHIP → SEAFARERS
víðis ‘of the ocean’
(not checked:)
víðir (noun m.): ocean
kennings
víðis valmeiðum‘stallion-beams of the ocean’
= SEAFARERS
the stallion of the ocean → SHIP
the beams of the SHIP → SEAFARERS
víðis ‘of the ocean’
(not checked:)
víðir (noun m.): ocean
kennings
víðis valmeiðum‘stallion-beams of the ocean’
= SEAFARERS
the stallion of the ocean → SHIP
the beams of the SHIP → SEAFARERS
drótt ‘the troop’
(not checked:)
1. drótt (noun f.): troop
mikinn ‘great’
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mikill (adj.; °mikinn): great, large
ótta ‘fear’
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ótti (noun m.; °-a): fear
skeiðr ‘warships’
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1. skeið (noun f.; °-ar; -r/-ar/-ir): ship
hefr ‘takes’
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hefja (verb): lift, start
herr ‘the host’
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herr (noun m.; °-s/-jar, dat. -; -jar, gen. -ja/herra): army, host
[3] herr: so 39, F, E, hann Kˣ, J2ˣ, H, Hr
notes
[3] herr ‘host’: So too previous eds. The variant hann is also possible, but as a pron. without explicit referent, is less likely.
fyr ‘along’
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fyr (prep.): for, over, because of, etc.
hauðri ‘the coast’
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hauðr (noun n.): earth, ground
hætt ‘risky for’
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hættr (adj.; °compar. -ari/-ri, superl. -astr): dangerous
friðar ‘peace’
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friðr (noun m.): peace
Mildr ‘generous’
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mildr (adj.; °compar. -ri/-ari, superl. -astr): mild, gentle, gracious, generous
vill ‘wishes’
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vilja (verb): want, intend
Magnús ‘Magnús’
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2. Magnús (noun m.): Magnús
halda ‘to steer’
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halda (verb): hold, keep
morðs ‘with slaughter’
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1. morð (noun n.; °-s; -): killing, battle
hlunn ‘roller’
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hlunnr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): roller < hlunngoti (noun m.)
[6] hlunn‑: ‘hlym‑’ H, Hr
kennings
hlunngotum‘roller-steeds ’
= SHIPS
roller-steeds → SHIPS
gotum ‘steeds’
(not checked:)
goti (noun m.; °-a; -ar/-nar): person (or horse) from Gotland < hlunngoti (noun m.)
kennings
hlunngotum‘roller-steeds ’
= SHIPS
roller-steeds → SHIPS
norðan ‘from the north’
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norðan (adv.): from the north
ítr ‘the excellent’
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ítr (adj.): glorious
notes
[7] ítr ‘excellent’: The adj. is taken here with Haraldr in l. 8, but it could alternatively qualify Magnús in l. 5 (so ÍF 28).
en ‘while’
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4. en (conj.): than
ǫnnur ‘other’
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1. annarr (pron.; °f. ǫnnur, n. annat; pl. aðrir): (an)other, second
[7] ǫnnur: ‘ennur’ 39
kennings
ǫnnur unnvigg‘other wave-horses ’
= SHIPS
other wave-horses → SHIPS
notes
[7, 8] ǫnnur unnvigg ‘other wave-horses [SHIPS]’: Finnur Jónsson explains this specifically as ‘for his part’ (Hkr 1893-1901, IV and Skj B), which seems apt.
skreytir ‘equips’
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skreyta (verb): adorn
unn ‘wave’
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2. unnr (noun f.): wave < unnvigg (noun n.): wave-horse, wave-steed
kennings
ǫnnur unnvigg‘other wave-horses ’
= SHIPS
other wave-horses → SHIPS
notes
[7, 8] ǫnnur unnvigg ‘other wave-horses [SHIPS]’: Finnur Jónsson explains this specifically as ‘for his part’ (Hkr 1893-1901, IV and Skj B), which seems apt.
vigg ‘horses’
(not checked:)
vigg (noun n.): steed < unnvigg (noun n.): wave-horse, wave-steed
kennings
ǫnnur unnvigg‘other wave-horses ’
= SHIPS
other wave-horses → SHIPS
notes
[7, 8] ǫnnur unnvigg ‘other wave-horses [SHIPS]’: Finnur Jónsson explains this specifically as ‘for his part’ (Hkr 1893-1901, IV and Skj B), which seems apt.
Haraldr ‘Haraldr’
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Haraldr (noun m.): Haraldr
sunnan ‘from the south’
(not checked:)
sunnan (adv.): (from the) south
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
|
Nús valmeiðum víðis |
Now it’s risky for the beams of the stallion of the ocean [(lit. ‘stallion-beams of the ocean’) SHIP > SEAFARERS] to expect a secure peace; the troop knows great fear; the host takes warships along the coast. Magnús, generous with slaughter, wishes to steer roller-steeds [SHIPS] from the north, while the excellent Haraldr equips other wave-horses [SHIPS] [to sail] from the south.
Magnús Óláfsson, learning that his formidable half-uncle Haraldr Sigurðarson has returned to Scandinavia and has allied with Sveinn Úlfsson, calls up his fleet. H-Hr adds that Magnús prepares to sail south to meet Haraldr and Sveinn.
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