SnSt Ht 94III
Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2017, ‘Snorri Sturluson, Háttatal 94’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 1203.
… ‘…’
(not checked:)
(non-lexical)
gramr ‘the lord’
(not checked:)
1. gramr (noun m.): ruler
notes
[1] gramr (m. nom. sg.) ‘the lord’: This can be the noun ‘lord’, the adj. ‘angry’ or the name of a sword. The context is lacking.
notes
[2] gulli (n. dat. sg.) ‘gold’: The emendation (from gull, n. acc. sg.) is necessary because søri ‘sowed’ (inf. sá ‘sow’) takes the dat. case.
søri ‘sowed’
(not checked:)
2. sá (verb): sow
notes
[2] søri ‘sowed’: This is a short-stemmed disyllabic verb that receives full stress, and we must assume resolution, which makes the line hypometrical (it is difficult to imagine suspended resolution in two consecutive metrical positions søri Kraki). Sievers’s rendition of this line, gulli séri Kraki framr (Sievers 1879, 272), is obscure. If Snorri had used the weak pret. form of the verb sá ‘sow’ (sáði, see ANG §506 Anm. 1), the metre would be restored.
Kraki ‘Kraki’
(not checked:)
Kraki (noun m.; °-a; -ar): pole-ladder, Kraki
notes
[2] framr Kraki ‘the outstanding Kraki’: The reading in R, fram ‘forward’ (?), has been altered to framr (R*). For Hrólfr kraki ‘Pole-ladder’ and his sowing of gold, see Note to RvHbreiðm Hl 47 [All].
framr ‘the outstanding’
(not checked:)
framr (adj.; °compar. framari/fremri, superl. framastr/fremstr): outstanding, foremost
[2] framr: fram R
notes
[2] framr Kraki ‘the outstanding Kraki’: The reading in R, fram ‘forward’ (?), has been altered to framr (R*). For Hrólfr kraki ‘Pole-ladder’ and his sowing of gold, see Note to RvHbreiðm Hl 47 [All].
efla ‘waged’
(not checked:)
efla (verb; °-fld-/-að-(RómvUpph¹ 382²⁴)): strengthen
frágum ‘we [I] heard’
(not checked:)
1. fregna (verb): hear of
Haka ‘Haki’
(not checked:)
Haki (noun m.): Haki
notes
[3] Haka ‘Haki’: He was a legendary sea-king and the brother of Hagbarðr (see ÍF 26, 43; Saxo 2005, I, 7, 8, 1-6, pp. 476-81). See also Notes to RvHbreiðm Hl 27 [All], Anon Kálfv 1/4, Anon (SnE) 15/1, Anon (FoGT) 24/1 and Þul Sea-kings l. 8.
hjaldr ‘war’
(not checked:)
1. hjaldr (noun m.): battle
†hl† ‘…’
(not checked:)
(non-lexical)
… ‘…’
(not checked:)
(non-lexical)
aldr ‘age’
(not checked:)
aldr (noun m.; °aldrs, dat. aldri; aldrar): life, age
notes
[4] aldr ‘age’: Aldr (m. nom. or acc. sg.) can mean ‘life, age, time’, but the lack of context does not allow for an interpretation.
Ormi ‘on the serpent’
(not checked:)
ormr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): serpent
veitti ‘inflicted’
(not checked:)
2. veita (verb): grant, give
Sigurðr ‘Sigurðr’
(not checked:)
Sigurðr (noun m.): Sigurðr
notes
[5] Sigurðr: Sigurðr Fáfnisbani ‘Slayer of Fáfnir’ is the legendary hero of the Sigurðr cycle (see NK 164-239; SnE 1998, I, 46-8; Vǫlsunga saga). See also RvHbreiðm Hl 3-4.
sár ‘a wound’
(not checked:)
2. sár (noun n.; °-s; -): wound
slíkt ‘that’
(not checked:)
2. slíkr (adj.): such
vas ‘was’
(not checked:)
2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
alt ‘all’
(not checked:)
allr (adj.): all
fyr ‘before’
(not checked:)
fyr (prep.): for, over, because of, etc.
notes
[6] fyr liðit ár ‘before the year gone by’: Cf. Sannligar sǫgur … fyr lǫngu liðnar ‘True tales … long ago passed’, RvHbreiðm Hl 2/4, 6.
liðit ‘gone by’
(not checked:)
liða (verb): travel
notes
[6] fyr liðit ár ‘before the year gone by’: Cf. Sannligar sǫgur … fyr lǫngu liðnar ‘True tales … long ago passed’, RvHbreiðm Hl 2/4, 6.
ár ‘the year’
(not checked:)
2. ár (noun n.; °-s; -): year, year’s abundance
notes
[6] fyr liðit ár ‘before the year gone by’: Cf. Sannligar sǫgur … fyr lǫngu liðnar ‘True tales … long ago passed’, RvHbreiðm Hl 2/4, 6.
Ragnarr ‘Ragnarr’
(not checked:)
Ragnarr (noun m.): Ragnarr
notes
[7] Ragnarr: This is Ragnarr loðbrók ‘Shaggy-breeches’ (RloðVIII; see st. 54 above and RvHbreiðm Hl 11-12).
skatna ‘of rulers’
(not checked:)
skati (noun m.; °-a; -nar): chieftan, prince
skýrstr ‘the wisest’
(not checked:)
skýrr (adj.): clear
Skúli ‘Skúli’
(not checked:)
Skúli (noun m.; °-a): Skúli
jarl ‘jarl’
(not checked:)
jarl (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): poet, earl
es ‘is’
(not checked:)
2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
miklu ‘by far’
(not checked:)
mikill (adj.; °mikinn): great, large
dýrstr ‘the most glorious’
(not checked:)
dýrr (adj.; °compar. -ri/-ari, superl. -str/-astr): precious
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
There is no commentary accompanying this stanza, but the metre is a catalectic heptasyllabic variant of hrynhent ‘flowing-rhymed’ (sts 62-4) and thus similar to st. 91 (and also used in Anon Mhkv). Because the identical rhymes involve couplets only, it is ‘the least end-rhyme’ (in minnsta runhenda).
The top right corner of fol. 53r has been torn off, and the readings of ll. 1 and 4 cannot be reconstructed. — Snorri uses allusions to the exploits of legendary kings and heroes to extol Skúli’s prowess. All of these persons are also commemorated in RvHbreiðm Hl. This stanza is very similar to Anon Mhkv 7-8, which commemorate ancient heroes and are characterised by the same abrupt syntax: each line contains one independent clause. It is not unlikely that Snorri would have been familiar with that poem and used it as a model for the present stanza. — [7-8]: See the verbal echoes of these lines in st. 82/5-8.
Stanza/chapter/text segment
Use the buttons at the top of the page to navigate between stanzas in a poem.
Information tab
- text: if the stanza has been published, the edited text of the stanza and translation are here; if it hasn't been published an old edition (usually Skj) is given for reference
- sources: a list of the manuscripts or inscriptions containing this stanza, with page and line references and links (eye button) to images where available, and transcription where available
- readings: a list of variant manuscript readings of words in the main text
- editions and texts: a list of editions of the stanza with links to the bibliography; and a list of prose works in which the stanza occurs, allowing you to navigate within the prose context
- notes and context: notes not linked to individual words are given here, along with the account of the prose context for the stanza, where relevant
Interactive tab
The text and translation are given here, with buttons to toggle whether the text is shown in the verse order or prose word order. Clicking on indiviudal words gives dictionary links, variant readings, kennings and notes, where relevant.
Full text tab
This is the text of the edition in a similar format to how the edition appears in the printed volumes.
Chapter/text segment
This view is also used for chapters and other text segments. Not all the headings shown are relevant to such sections.