RvHbreiðm Hl 44III
Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2017, ‘Rǫgnvaldr jarl and Hallr Þórarinsson, Háttalykill 44’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 1052.
réð ‘went’
(not checked:)
ráða (verb): advise, rule, interpret, decide
hann ‘from him’
(not checked:)
hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...
at ‘to’
(not checked:)
5. at (nota): to (with infinitive)
kveðja ‘claim’
(not checked:)
2. kveðja (verb; kvaddi): (dd) request, address, greet
ben ‘wound’
(not checked:)
2. ben (noun n.; °-s; -): wound < benlogi (noun m.): wound-flame
kennings
rauðum benloga,‘with the red wound-flame, ’
= SWORD
with the red wound-flame, → SWORD
loga ‘flame’
(not checked:)
logi (noun m.; °-a; -ar): flame < benlogi (noun m.): wound-flame
kennings
rauðum benloga,‘with the red wound-flame, ’
= SWORD
with the red wound-flame, → SWORD
rauðum ‘with the red’
(not checked:)
rauðr (adj.; °compar. -ari): red
kennings
rauðum benloga,‘with the red wound-flame, ’
= SWORD
with the red wound-flame, → SWORD
þvít ‘because’
(not checked:)
þvít (conj.): because, since
marg ‘the very’
(not checked:)
2. margr (adj.; °-an): many < margkostigr (adj.)
[3] marg‑: ‘mar‑’ papp25ˣ, R683ˣ
notes
[3] margkostigr ‘the very splendid’: The ms. spelling of the first element of this cpd (‘mar-’) is probably dialectal rather than scribal (loss of g before k; see Hl 1941, 113).
kostigr ‘splendid’
(not checked:)
kostigr (adj.): splendid, virtued < margkostigr (adj.)
notes
[3] margkostigr ‘the very splendid’: The ms. spelling of the first element of this cpd (‘mar-’) is probably dialectal rather than scribal (loss of g before k; see Hl 1941, 113).
mesta ‘the greatest’
(not checked:)
meiri (adj. comp.; °meiran; superl. mestr): more, most
mildingr ‘generous one’
(not checked:)
mildingr (noun m.; °-s): ruler, generous one
notes
[4] of vann ‘waged’: Of is the expletive particle (so most earlier eds). Ok ‘and’ (so both mss) is apparently a misreading of a word Rugman did not understand. Holtsmark (Hl 1941, 72) attempts to retain the ms. reading: því at margkostigr var mesti | mildingr ok vann hildi ‘because the very splendid one was the greatest generous man and waged war’. That rendering is syntactically implausible (see Jón Helgason, ibid.) and metrically incorrect (var ‘was’ cannot occur in this position in a Type C-line).
vann ‘waged’
(not checked:)
2. vinna (verb): perform, work
notes
[4] of vann ‘waged’: Of is the expletive particle (so most earlier eds). Ok ‘and’ (so both mss) is apparently a misreading of a word Rugman did not understand. Holtsmark (Hl 1941, 72) attempts to retain the ms. reading: því at margkostigr var mesti | mildingr ok vann hildi ‘because the very splendid one was the greatest generous man and waged war’. That rendering is syntactically implausible (see Jón Helgason, ibid.) and metrically incorrect (var ‘was’ cannot occur in this position in a Type C-line).
hildi ‘war’
(not checked:)
1. hildr (noun f.): battle
ef ‘if’
(not checked:)
3. ef (conj.): if
hann ‘he’
(not checked:)
hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...
vildi ‘wanted’
(not checked:)
vilja (verb): want, intend
en ‘and’
(not checked:)
2. en (conj.): but, and
ek ‘I’
(not checked:)
ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me
veit ‘know’
(not checked:)
1. vita (verb): know
at ‘that’
(not checked:)
4. at (conj.): that
hann ‘he’
(not checked:)
hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...
vildi ‘wanted’
(not checked:)
vilja (verb): want, intend
Trauðr ‘reluctant’
(not checked:)
trauðr (adj.): reluctant
vas ‘was’
(not checked:)
2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
lundr ‘The tree’
(not checked:)
1. lundr (noun m.; °-ar, dat. -i/-; -ar): grove, tree
kennings
Lundr linns polls sára‘The tree of the serpent of the pool of wounds ’
= WARRIOR = Angantýr
the pool of wounds → BLOOD
the serpent of the BLOOD → SWORD
The tree of the SWORD → WARRIOR = Angantýr
lǫndum ‘lands’
(not checked:)
land (noun n.; °-s; *-): land
linns ‘of the serpent’
(not checked:)
linnr (noun m.): snake
kennings
Lundr linns polls sára‘The tree of the serpent of the pool of wounds ’
= WARRIOR = Angantýr
the pool of wounds → BLOOD
the serpent of the BLOOD → SWORD
The tree of the SWORD → WARRIOR = Angantýr
linns ‘of the serpent’
(not checked:)
linnr (noun m.): snake
kennings
Lundr linns polls sára‘The tree of the serpent of the pool of wounds ’
= WARRIOR = Angantýr
the pool of wounds → BLOOD
the serpent of the BLOOD → SWORD
The tree of the SWORD → WARRIOR = Angantýr
fyr ‘because of’
(not checked:)
fyr (prep.): for, over, because of, etc.
[7] fyr: ‘ferir’ papp25ˣ, R683ˣ
notes
[7] fyr ‘because of’: The mss’ ‘ferir’ (for firir (?) ‘because of, for’) has been emended to fyr ‘because of’ in keeping with earlier eds.
at ‘to’
(not checked:)
5. at (nota): to (with infinitive)
sinna ‘leave’
(not checked:)
2. sinna (verb): travel
svipr ‘a motion’
(not checked:)
svipr (noun m.): swinging, violent
kennings
svipr sverða‘a motion of swords ’
= BATTLE
a motion of swords → BATTLE
varð ‘there was’
(not checked:)
1. verða (verb): become, be
at ‘because’
(not checked:)
3. at (prep.): at, to
notes
[4] of vann ‘waged’: Of is the expletive particle (so most earlier eds). Ok ‘and’ (so both mss) is apparently a misreading of a word Rugman did not understand. Holtsmark (Hl 1941, 72) attempts to retain the ms. reading: því at margkostigr var mesti | mildingr ok vann hildi ‘because the very splendid one was the greatest generous man and waged war’. That rendering is syntactically implausible (see Jón Helgason, ibid.) and metrically incorrect (var ‘was’ cannot occur in this position in a Type C-line).
þat ‘of that’
[8] þat: þar R683ˣ
sverða ‘of swords’
(not checked:)
sverð (noun n.; °-s; -): sword
kennings
svipr sverða‘a motion of swords ’
= BATTLE
a motion of swords → BATTLE
sára ‘of wounds’
(not checked:)
2. sár (noun n.; °-s; -): wound
kennings
Lundr linns polls sára‘The tree of the serpent of the pool of wounds ’
= WARRIOR = Angantýr
the pool of wounds → BLOOD
the serpent of the BLOOD → SWORD
The tree of the SWORD → WARRIOR = Angantýr
sára ‘of wounds’
(not checked:)
2. sár (noun n.; °-s; -): wound
kennings
Lundr linns polls sára‘The tree of the serpent of the pool of wounds ’
= WARRIOR = Angantýr
the pool of wounds → BLOOD
the serpent of the BLOOD → SWORD
The tree of the SWORD → WARRIOR = Angantýr
sára ‘of wounds’
(not checked:)
2. sár (noun n.; °-s; -): wound
kennings
Lundr linns polls sára‘The tree of the serpent of the pool of wounds ’
= WARRIOR = Angantýr
the pool of wounds → BLOOD
the serpent of the BLOOD → SWORD
The tree of the SWORD → WARRIOR = Angantýr
polls ‘of the pool’
(not checked:)
pollr (noun m.; °dat. -i; -ar): pool
[9] polls: ‘vollz’ papp25ˣ, R683ˣ
kennings
Lundr linns polls sára‘The tree of the serpent of the pool of wounds ’
= WARRIOR = Angantýr
the pool of wounds → BLOOD
the serpent of the BLOOD → SWORD
The tree of the SWORD → WARRIOR = Angantýr
notes
[9] polls ‘of the pool’: Rugman again confused <p> with insular <v> (hence ‘vollz’). See sts 18/6 and 56/1.
polls ‘of the pool’
(not checked:)
pollr (noun m.; °dat. -i; -ar): pool
[9] polls: ‘vollz’ papp25ˣ, R683ˣ
kennings
Lundr linns polls sára‘The tree of the serpent of the pool of wounds ’
= WARRIOR = Angantýr
the pool of wounds → BLOOD
the serpent of the BLOOD → SWORD
The tree of the SWORD → WARRIOR = Angantýr
notes
[9] polls ‘of the pool’: Rugman again confused <p> with insular <v> (hence ‘vollz’). See sts 18/6 and 56/1.
polls ‘of the pool’
(not checked:)
pollr (noun m.; °dat. -i; -ar): pool
[9] polls: ‘vollz’ papp25ˣ, R683ˣ
kennings
Lundr linns polls sára‘The tree of the serpent of the pool of wounds ’
= WARRIOR = Angantýr
the pool of wounds → BLOOD
the serpent of the BLOOD → SWORD
The tree of the SWORD → WARRIOR = Angantýr
notes
[9] polls ‘of the pool’: Rugman again confused <p> with insular <v> (hence ‘vollz’). See sts 18/6 and 56/1.
ok ‘and’
(not checked:)
3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
golli ‘gold’
(not checked:)
gull (noun n.): gold
ef ‘if’
(not checked:)
3. ef (conj.): if
olli ‘was the reason’
(not checked:)
valda (verb): cause
sem ‘as’
(not checked:)
sem (conj.): as, which
ek ‘I’
(not checked:)
ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me
veit ‘know’
(not checked:)
1. vita (verb): know
at ‘’
(not checked:)
4. at (conj.): that
olli ‘was the reason’
(not checked:)
valda (verb): cause
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
Hlǫðr went to claim the land from him [Angatýr] with the red wound-flame [SWORD], because the very splendid generous one waged the greatest war if he wanted, and I know that he wanted. The tree of the serpent of the pool of wounds [BLOOD > SWORD > WARRIOR = Angantýr] was reluctant to leave his lands and gold because of that one [Hlǫðr] – there was a motion of swords [BATTLE] because of that –, if that was the reason, as I know that was the reason.
As st. 43 above.
Hlǫðr was Angantýr’s half-brother (see st. 43). — [1-2]: The alliteration requires an initial h- on the word spelt ‘Liodur’ in the mss, and Skj B and Skald render that word as hljóðr (m. nom. sg.) ‘silent’. Because both eds follow R683ˣ, they adopt the reading hauðr (m. acc. sg.) ‘land’ (l. 2) and take it as the object of the verb kveðja (l. 1) which they translate as ‘say farewell to’ (Skj B: sagde … farvel til) or ‘address’ (LP: 2. kveðja 2: tiltale; so also NN §2075B). However, kveðja with acc. and gen. means ‘claim sth. (gen.) from sby (acc.)’ (see Hl 1941). Moreover, the construction has a direct correspondence in Hlǫðskviða 2/1, 6 (Anon (Heiðr) 8/1, 6VIII (Heiðr 89)), as well as in the accompanying prose (NK 302): Hlǫðr reið austan … arfs at qveðia ‘Hlǫðr rode from the east … to claim the inheritance’; Nú vilia þeir Humli konungr oc Hlǫðr, at hann fari at krefia arfs Angantý bróður sinn ‘Now King Humli and Hlǫðr wanted him to go to claim the inheritance from his brother Angantýr’.
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