Kennings — AM 180 b fol (180b)
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Mark Eirdr 3II
fœðir fremðarráða
‘the nourisher of outstanding actions’ = RULER
The nourisher of outstanding actions → RULERAM 180 b fol: 29r/18
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
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Mark Eirdr 3II
vǫrðr foldar
‘the guardians of the earth’ = RULERS
the guardians of the earth → RULERSAM 180 b fol: 29r/18
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
5.1. guardian of the land -
Mark Eirdr 4II
rýrir Vinða
‘the vanquisher of the Wends’ = Eiríkr
the vanquisher of the Wends → EiríkrAM 180 b fol: 29r/21
[1] rýrir: ‘tyrir’ 180b
Eiríkr I inn góði Sveinsson (r. 1095-1103)
2. defeater of the Wends -
Mark Eirdr 4II
oddr helmings
‘the leader of the unit’ = WARRIOR
the leader of the unit → WARRIORAM 180 b fol: 29r/21
warrior
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Mark Eirdr 4II
bróðir Knúts
‘the brother of Knútr’ = Eiríkr
The brother of Knútr → EiríkrAM 180 b fol: 29r/21
Eiríkr I inn góði Sveinsson (r. 1095-1103)
1.1. brother of Knútr Sveinsson -
Mark Eirdr 4II
eyðir svikfolks
‘the destroyer of treacherous people’ = JUST RULER
the destroyer of treacherous people, → JUST RULERAM 180 b fol: 29r/21
[7] ‑folks: ‘‑fiolks’ 180b
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
4.1. destroyer of evildoers -
Mark Eirdr 5II
rǫf armleggjar
‘the amber of the arm’ = GOLD
the amber of the arm. → GOLDAM 180 b fol: 29r/32
gold
2.1.2. amber of the arm/hand (A1) -
Mark Eirdr 5II
hildarramr sløngvir harra
‘the battle-mighty disperser of lords’ = RULER
The battle-mighty disperser of lords → RULERAM 180 b fol: 29r/32
[5] sløngvir: so 20b I, 180b
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
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Mark Eirdr 5II
stillir stóls Fróða
‘the controller of Fróði’s seat’ = Eiríkr
Fróði’s seat → Denmark
the controller of DENMARK → EiríkrAM 180 b fol: 29r/32
Danish king, ruler, jarl
1.2. ruler of Denmark -
Mark Eirdr 5II
stóll Fróða
‘of Fróði’s seat’ = Denmark
Fróði’s seat → DenmarkAM 180 b fol: 29r/32
Denmark
2. seat of Fróði -
Mark Eirdr 6II
fergir Vinða
‘the vanquisher of the Wends’ = Eiríkr
The vanquisher of the Wends → EiríkrAM 180 b fol: 29v/7
Eiríkr I inn góði Sveinsson (r. 1095-1103)
2. defeater of the Wends -
Mark Eirdr 6II
valdari sigrs
‘the wielder of victory’ = WARRIOR
the wielder of victory → WARRIORAM 180 b fol: 29v/7
warrior
5.3. controller of victory -
Mark Eirdr 7II
hróðigr beiðir brynþings
‘the famed convenor of the byrnie-meeting’ = WARRIOR
the byrnie-meeting → BATTLE
The famed convenor of the BATTLE → WARRIORAM 180 b fol: 29v/10
[1] brynþings: byrðings 180b
warrior
2.5.5. demander of battle -
Mark Eirdr 7II
brynþing
‘of the byrnie-meeting’ = BATTLE
the byrnie-meeting → BATTLEAM 180 b fol: 29v/10
[1] brynþings: byrðings 180b
battle
3.2.1. meeting of mail-coats -
Mark Eirdr 9II
bróðir fimm hǫfuðskjǫldunga
‘the brother of five principal kings’ = Eiríkr
The brother of five principal kings → EiríkrAM 180 b fol: 29v/18
Eiríkr I inn góði Sveinsson (r. 1095-1103)
1.4. brother of five kings -
Mark Eirdr 10II
hlýri Haralds
‘Haraldr’s brother’ = Eiríkr
Haraldr’s brother → EiríkrAM 180 b fol: 29v/21
Eiríkr I inn góði Sveinsson (r. 1095-1103)
1.2. brother of Haraldr hein Sveinsson -
Mark Eirdr 10II
áttkonr yngva
‘the descendant of a king’ = KING
the descendant of a king → KINGAM 180 b fol: 29v/21
[3] áttkonr: ‘ad kon’ 180b
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
2.1. descendant of a ruler -
Mark Eirdr 12II
unnandi Krists
‘the devotee of Christ’ = Eiríkr
the devotee of Christ → EiríkrAM 180 b fol: 29v/30
[4] unnanda: ‘u[…]da’ 180b
[4] Krists: krist 180bEiríkr I inn góði Sveinsson (r. 1095-1103)
3. friend of Christ -
Mark Eirdr 17II
herr hǫrga
‘the host of heathen temples’ = HEATHENS = Wends
The host of heathen temples → HEATHENS = WendsAM 180 b fol: 30r/30
[1] Hǫrga: Hǫrða 180b
heathens
. host of the temples -
Mark Eirdr 17II
skúr odda
‘showers of arrow-points’ = BATTLE
showers of arrow-points; → BATTLEAM 180 b fol: 30r/30
battle
1.2.1. shower of weapons -
Mark Eirdr 18II
hegnir rógs
‘the punisher of discord’ = JUST RULER
the punisher of discord → JUST RULERAM 180 b fol: 30r/32
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
. destroyer of strife -
Mark Eirdr 19II
hamla vígs
‘of the staff of battle’ = SPEAR
the staff of battle → SPEARAM 180 b fol: 30r/34
spear
2.2. rod of battle -
Mark Eirdr 20II
grand elris
‘the harmer of the alder-tree’ = FIRE
the harmer of the alder-tree → FIREAM 180 b fol: 30r/38
[8] grand: grǫnd 180b
fire, flame
1.1. harm of wood -
Mark Eirdr 21II
ástvinr aldar
‘the beloved friend of people’ = RULER
the beloved friend of people → RULERAM 180 b fol: 30v/2
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
1.2. friend of people -
Mark Eirdr 22II
treystir folka
‘the trier of men’ = RULER
The trier of men → RULERAM 180 b fol: 30v/6
[1] folka: folk á 180b
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
1.5. trier of people -
Mark Eirdr 22II
harða nýtr reifir hersa
‘the very bountiful gladdener of hersar’ = RULER
The very bountiful gladdener of hersar → RULERAM 180 b fol: 30v/6
[6] harða: harðla 180b
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
1.6. promoter of people -
Mark Eirdr 23II
grœðir vísdóms
‘the nourisher of wisdom’ = JUST RULER
The nourisher of wisdom → JUST RULERAM 180 b fol: 31r/14
[1] ‑dóms: ‑dóm 180b
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
. increaser of wisdom -
Mark Eirdr 23II
hollvinr herjar
‘the loyal friend of the people’ = JUST RULER
the loyal friend of the people → JUST RULERAM 180 b fol: 31r/14
[3] holl‑: hollr 180b
[3] herjar: ‘hierud’ 180bchieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
3.8. friend of the army -
Mark Eirdr 23II
þau flaust tíða
‘those ships of services’ = CHURCHES
Those ships of services, → CHURCHESAM 180 b fol: 31r/14
[6] flaust: flaustr 180b
church
2. ship of mass -
Mark Eirdr 24II
stýrir Frakklands
‘the ruler of France’ = Philip I
The ruler of France → Philip IAM 180 b fol: 31r/30
Philip I (r. 1052-1108)
1. ruler of France -
Mark Eirdr 24II
blíðan hlýri Bjarnar
‘the pleasant brother of Bjǫrn’ = Eiríkr
the pleasant brother of Bjǫrn → EiríkrAM 180 b fol: 31r/30
[1] Blíðan: blíðum 180b
Eiríkr I inn góði Sveinsson (r. 1095-1103)
1.3. brother of Bjǫrn Sveinsson -
Mark Eirdr 24II
rýrir randgarðs
‘the diminisher of the shield-wall’ = WARRIOR
the diminisher of the shield-wall → WARRIORAM 180 b fol: 31r/30
warrior
. destroyer of the shield-wall -
Mark Eirdr 24II
ríks keisara
‘of the powerful emperor’ = Henry IV
the powerful emperor. → Henry IVAM 180 b fol: 31r/30
questionable kennings
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Mark Eirdr 24II
spjalli harra
‘the companion of lords’ = RULER = Henry IV
The companion of lords → RULER = Henry IVAM 180 b fol: 31r/30
[6] harra: ‘hara’ 180b
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
1.2. friend of people -
Mark Eirdr 24II
ǫðlingr grundar Jóta
‘the noble leader of the land of the Jótar’ = Eiríkr
the land of the Jótar → Denmark
the noble leader of DENMARK → EiríkrAM 180 b fol: 31r/30
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Mark Eirdr 24II
grund Jóta
‘of the land of the Jótar’ = Denmark
the land of the Jótar → DenmarkAM 180 b fol: 31r/30
Denmark
1. land of the Danish -
Mark Eirdr 25II
reynir haulda
‘the trier of freeholders’ = God
the trier of freeholders → GodAM 180 b fol: 31r/36
God
. tester of men -
Mark Eirdr 26II
mœðir hersa
‘the troubler of hersar’ = RULER = Eiríkr
the troubler of hersar → RULER = EiríkrAM 180 b fol: 31r/40
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
1.4. defeater of people -
Mark Eirdr 27II
ríkir jǫfra
‘a ruler of princes’ = KING
A ruler of princes → KINGAM 180 b fol: 31v/4
[6] ríkir: ríkr 180b
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
2.2. lord of princes -
Mark Eirdr 27II
þengill dana
‘the prince of the danes’ = Eiríkr
the prince of the Danes. → EiríkrAM 180 b fol: 31v/4
Danish king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Danes -
Mark Eirdr 28II
reynir máttar hersa
‘the trier of the might of hersar’ = RULER = Byzantine emperor
the trier of the might of hersar → RULER = Byzantine emperorAM 180 b fol: 31v/14
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
1.5. trier of people -
Mark Eirdr 29II
stýrandi alls
‘the commander of all’ = God
The commander of all → GodAM 180 b fol: 31v/20
God
1.6. lord of all -
Mark Eirdr 29II
dyggvan steypir dolga
‘the virtuous destroyer of enemies’ = JUST RULER
the virtuous destroyer of enemies; → JUST RULERAM 180 b fol: 31v/20
[8] dyggvan: ‘dyggan’ 180b
[7] steypi: ‘stypir’ 180b
[7] at dolga: en dolgum 180bchieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
1.4. defeater of people -
Mark Eirdr 30II
hristimeiðr borgar hjǫrva
‘the brandishing-trees of the stronghold of swords’ = WARRIORS
the stronghold of swords → SHIELD
The brandishing-trees of the SHIELD → WARRIORSAM 180 b fol: 31v/26
warrior
1.7.01.1. shaker of the weapon -
Mark Eirdr 30II
borg hjǫrva
‘of the stronghold of swords’ = SHIELD
the stronghold of swords → SHIELDAM 180 b fol: 31v/26
shield
. fortification of the sword -
Mark Eirdr 30II
hegnir jarla
‘the punisher of jarls’ = KING
the punisher of jarls; → KINGAM 180 b fol: 31v/26
[5] hegni: meiði 180b, 20b II
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
2.5. destroyer of princes -
Mark Eirdr 30II
harri dana
‘the lord of the danes’ = Eiríkr
the lord of the Danes; → EiríkrAM 180 b fol: 31v/26
Danish king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Danes -
Steinn Nizv 6II
hungrdeyfi ins hvassa hrafns
‘the hunger-appeaser of the fierce raven’ = WARRIOR = Haraldr
the hunger-appeaser of the fierce raven → WARRIOR = HaraldrAM 180 b fol: 33r/35
[2] ‑deyfi: ‘‑deyinn’ 180b
warrior
3.1.01. feeder of the bird of battlefield -
Steinn Nizv 6II
hungrdeyfir
‘the hunger-appeaser’ = FEEDER
the hunger-appeaser → FEEDERAM 180 b fol: 33r/35
[2] ‑deyfi: ‘‑deyinn’ 180b
feeder, nourisher
2. appeaser of hunger -
Steinn Nizv 6II
annan sveigjandi látrs linns
‘the other bender of the snake’s lair’ = GENEROUS MAN = Sveinn
the snake’s lair. → GOLD
the other bender of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN = SveinnAM 180 b fol: 33r/35
[3] annan: annat 180b
[4] sveigjanda: sveigandi 180b
[4] látrs: látr 180bgenerous man
1.08. bender of wealth -
Steinn Nizv 6II
látr linns
‘of the snake’s lair’ = GOLD
the snake’s lair. → GOLDAM 180 b fol: 33r/35
[4] látrs: látr 180b
gold
3.1.2. lair of the serpent (A3) -
Steinn Nizv 7II
allvaldr dana
‘the mighty ruler of the danes’ = Sveinn
The mighty ruler of the Danes → SveinnAM 180 b fol: 33r/36
Danish king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Danes -
Steinn Nizv 7II
hrafnfœðir
‘the raven-feeder’ = WARRIOR
the raven-feeder → WARRIORAM 180 b fol: 33r/36
warrior
3.1.01. feeder of the bird of battlefield