Anon Mgr 30VII
Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2007, ‘Anonymous Poems, Drápa af Máríugrát 30’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 780-1.
Skylt ‘obliged’
(not checked:)
2. skyldr (adj.): obliged
er ‘am’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
að ‘to’
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5. at (nota): to (with infinitive)
tjá ‘tell’
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tjá (verb): to put in order, prepare
er ‘’
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2. er (conj.): who, which, when
mildingr ‘the ruler’
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mildingr (noun m.; °-s): ruler, generous one
kennings
mildingr hauðrs mána‘the ruler of the land of the moon ’
= God
the land of the moon → SKY/HEAVEN
the ruler of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
mælti ‘said’
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1. mæla (verb): speak, say
mána ‘of the moon’
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máni (noun m.; °-a): moon
kennings
mildingr hauðrs mána‘the ruler of the land of the moon ’
= God
the land of the moon → SKY/HEAVEN
the ruler of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
mána ‘of the moon’
(not checked:)
máni (noun m.; °-a): moon
kennings
mildingr hauðrs mána‘the ruler of the land of the moon ’
= God
the land of the moon → SKY/HEAVEN
the ruler of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
hauðrs ‘of the land’
(not checked:)
hauðr (noun n.): earth, ground
kennings
mildingr hauðrs mána‘the ruler of the land of the moon ’
= God
the land of the moon → SKY/HEAVEN
the ruler of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
hauðrs ‘of the land’
(not checked:)
hauðr (noun n.): earth, ground
kennings
mildingr hauðrs mána‘the ruler of the land of the moon ’
= God
the land of the moon → SKY/HEAVEN
the ruler of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
í ‘in’
(not checked:)
í (prep.): in, into
písl ‘Passion’
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písl (noun f.; °-ar; -ir/-ar(Maurit 650²²)): torture
við ‘near’
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2. við (prep.): with, against
dauða ‘death’
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dauði (noun m.; °-a; -ar): death
[2] dauða: so 1032ˣ, 920ˣ, ‘dauð[...]’ 713
Þystir ‘thirst’
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þyrsta (verb): [thirsts, thirst]
mig ‘I’
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ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me
kvað ‘said’
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2. kveðja (verb; kvaddi): (dd) request, address, greet
[3] kvað: so 1032ˣ, 920ˣ, ‘k[...]’ 713
herra ‘lord’
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1. herra (noun m.; °herra; herrar): lord
kennings
inn hæsti herra hlýrna;‘the highest lord of the sun and moon; ’
= God
the highest lord of the sun and moon; → God
inn ‘the’
(not checked:)
2. inn (art.): the
kennings
inn hæsti herra hlýrna;‘the highest lord of the sun and moon; ’
= God
the highest lord of the sun and moon; → God
hæsti ‘highest’
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3. hár (adj.; °-van; compar. hǽrri, superl. hǽstr): high
kennings
inn hæsti herra hlýrna;‘the highest lord of the sun and moon; ’
= God
the highest lord of the sun and moon; → God
hlýrna ‘of the sun and moon’
(not checked:)
hlýrnir (noun m.): heaven, heavenly body
kennings
inn hæsti herra hlýrna;‘the highest lord of the sun and moon; ’
= God
the highest lord of the sun and moon; → God
notes
[4] hlýrna ‘of the sun and moon’: See Note to 2/1. For the uneven rhyme (-ýrn- : -yrn-), see 21/2.
má ‘can’
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mega (verb): may, might
aldri ‘never’
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aldri (adv.): never
fyrnaz ‘be forgotten’
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fyrna (verb): forget
Geira ‘of spears’
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geirr (noun m.): spear
kennings
Lundar geira,‘The trees of spears, ’
= WARRIORS
The trees of spears, → WARRIORS
lundar ‘The trees’
(not checked:)
1. lundr (noun m.; °-ar, dat. -i/-; -ar): grove, tree
kennings
Lundar geira,‘The trees of spears, ’
= WARRIORS
The trees of spears, → WARRIORS
galli ‘with gall’
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2. gall (noun n.): gall
blandað ‘mixed’
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3. blanda (verb; °-að-): mix (weak)
gumna ‘of men’
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gumi (noun m.; °-a; gumar/gumnar): man
þjóðir ‘the crowds’
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þjóð (noun f.; °-ar, dat. -/-u; -ir): people
skapara ‘the Creator’
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skapari (noun m.; °-a): (the) creator
bjóða ‘offer’
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bjóða (verb; °býðr; bauð, buðu; boðinn (buð- Thom¹ 5²n.)): offer, order, invite
vínið ‘wine’
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vín (noun n.; °-s; -): wine
súrt ‘the sour’
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2. súrr (adj.): [sour]
en ‘and’
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2. en (conj.): but, and
harm ‘torment’
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1. harmr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): sorrow, grief
í ‘in’
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í (prep.): in, into
hjarta ‘heart’
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hjarta (noun n.; °-; *-u): heart
hafða ‘had’
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hafa (verb): have
eg ‘I’
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ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me
riett ‘right’
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3. réttr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): right, straight, direct
[8] riett: so 1032ˣ, 920ˣ, ‘rie[...]’ 713
notes
[8] riett (adv.) ‘right’: For this meaning of the adv., see Fritzner: rétt 3.
sem ‘as if’
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sem (conj.): as, which
notes
[8] sem krafði edikið ‘as if he had asked for vinegar’: For the addition of the def. art. for metrical reasons, see Note to 1/6 and NN §1664A. Edik ‘vinegar’ is a loanword from MLG edik ‘vinegar’ (from Lat. acetum ‘vinegar’). See AEW, ONP: edik. Earlier eds translate the cl. as ‘who asked for vinegar’. That translation makes little sense, because all gospels record that Jesus did not ask for the vinegar; rather, it was given to him as part of the torture when he said he was thirsty (see Matt. XXVII.48; Mark XV.36; John XIX.29; see also Sperber 1911, 75). Unless we assume that the poet did not know what vinegar was and thought it was drinkable, the verb krafði ‘asked for’ must be taken as subj. Although krefði would be expected, the <a> is established by the aðalhending with hafða, and perhaps also necessitated by it. Cf. Mar (1871, xvii): Oc her næst mællti minn sæti son Jesus: þyrstir mic. En ivdar gafo hanum edik við galli blandit ‘And after this my sweet son Jesus said: “I thirst.” But the Jews gave him vinegar mixed with gall’.
edikið ‘for vinegar’
(not checked:)
edik (noun n.; °dat. -i/-([$1650$] 58²)): [for vinegar]
[8] edikið: edik 713
notes
[8] sem krafði edikið ‘as if he had asked for vinegar’: For the addition of the def. art. for metrical reasons, see Note to 1/6 and NN §1664A. Edik ‘vinegar’ is a loanword from MLG edik ‘vinegar’ (from Lat. acetum ‘vinegar’). See AEW, ONP: edik. Earlier eds translate the cl. as ‘who asked for vinegar’. That translation makes little sense, because all gospels record that Jesus did not ask for the vinegar; rather, it was given to him as part of the torture when he said he was thirsty (see Matt. XXVII.48; Mark XV.36; John XIX.29; see also Sperber 1911, 75). Unless we assume that the poet did not know what vinegar was and thought it was drinkable, the verb krafði ‘asked for’ must be taken as subj. Although krefði would be expected, the <a> is established by the aðalhending with hafða, and perhaps also necessitated by it. Cf. Mar (1871, xvii): Oc her næst mællti minn sæti son Jesus: þyrstir mic. En ivdar gafo hanum edik við galli blandit ‘And after this my sweet son Jesus said: “I thirst.” But the Jews gave him vinegar mixed with gall’.
krafði ‘had asked’
(not checked:)
krefja (verb): request
notes
[8] sem krafði edikið ‘as if he had asked for vinegar’: For the addition of the def. art. for metrical reasons, see Note to 1/6 and NN §1664A. Edik ‘vinegar’ is a loanword from MLG edik ‘vinegar’ (from Lat. acetum ‘vinegar’). See AEW, ONP: edik. Earlier eds translate the cl. as ‘who asked for vinegar’. That translation makes little sense, because all gospels record that Jesus did not ask for the vinegar; rather, it was given to him as part of the torture when he said he was thirsty (see Matt. XXVII.48; Mark XV.36; John XIX.29; see also Sperber 1911, 75). Unless we assume that the poet did not know what vinegar was and thought it was drinkable, the verb krafði ‘asked for’ must be taken as subj. Although krefði would be expected, the <a> is established by the aðalhending with hafða, and perhaps also necessitated by it. Cf. Mar (1871, xvii): Oc her næst mællti minn sæti son Jesus: þyrstir mic. En ivdar gafo hanum edik við galli blandit ‘And after this my sweet son Jesus said: “I thirst.” But the Jews gave him vinegar mixed with gall’.
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
‘I am obliged to tell what the ruler of the land of the moon [SKY/HEAVEN > = God (= Christ)] said in his Passion near death: “I thirst,” said the highest lord of the sun and moon [= God (= Christ)]; that can never be forgotten. The trees of spears [WARRIORS], the crowds of men, offer the Creator the sour wine mixed with gall, as if he had asked for vinegar, and I had torment right in my heart.’
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