Rǫgnvaldr jarl and Hallr Þórarinsson, Háttalykill 68

Kari Ellen Gade

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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RvHbreiðm Hl 68^III

Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2017, ‘Rǫgnvaldr jarl and Hallr Þórarinsson, Háttalykill 68’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 1077.

Rǫgnvaldr jarl and Hallr Þórarinsson Háttalykill

67 68 69

Hjaldr ‘The battle’

(not checked:)
1. hjaldr (noun m.): battle < hjaldrkyndill (noun m.): [battle-candle]

kennings

Hjaldrkyndill –
‘The battle-candle – ’
= SWORD
The battle-candle – → SWORD

notes

[1] hjaldrkyndill ‘the battle-candle [SWORD]’: Cf. Anon Krm 7/7^VIII hrækyndill ‘corpse-candle [SWORD]’.

kyndill ‘candle’

(not checked:)
kyndill (noun m.; °; kyndlar): [candles] < hjaldrkyndill (noun m.): [battle-candle]

kennings

Hjaldrkyndill –
‘The battle-candle – ’
= SWORD
The battle-candle – → SWORD

notes

[1] hjaldrkyndill ‘the battle-candle [SWORD]’: Cf. Anon Krm 7/7^VIII hrækyndill ‘corpse-candle [SWORD]’.

beit ‘bit’

(not checked:)
bíta (verb; °bítr; beit, bitu; bitinn): bite

hildar ‘of battle’

(not checked:)
1. hildr (noun f.): battle

kennings

garða hildar;
‘farm-yards of battle; ’
= SHIELDS
farm-yards of battle; → SHIELDS

harðr ‘a hard’

(not checked:)
harðr (adj.; °comp. -ari; superl. -astr): hard, harsh

notes

[2] harðr (m. nom. sg.) ‘hard’: Skj B treats harðr ‘hard’ as an adj. qualifying hjaldrkyndill ‘battle-candle’ (l. 1), but that word order violates the pattern of tilsagt (see NN §1163).

kennings

garða hildar;
‘farm-yards of battle; ’
= SHIELDS
farm-yards of battle; → SHIELDS

ljós ‘the light’

(not checked:)
ljós (noun n.; °ljóss; -): light

kennings

ljós hǫggs –
‘the light of the sword-blow – ’
= SWORD
the light of the sword-blow – → SWORD

varð ‘had’

(not checked:)
1. verða (verb): become, be

hǫggs ‘of the sword-blow’

(not checked:)
hǫgg (noun n.; °-s, dat. hǫggvi/hǫggi; -): blow

[3] hǫggs: ‘hogs’ papp25ˣ, haugs R683ˣ

kennings

ljós hǫggs –
‘the light of the sword-blow – ’
= SWORD
the light of the sword-blow – → SWORD

notes

[3] hǫggs (n. gen. sg.) ‘of the sword-blow’: Skj B emends hǫggs ‘of the sword-blow’ (papp25ˣ ‘hogs’; R683ˣ ‘haugs’) to hjaldrs (m. gen. sg.) ‘battle’ (ljós hjaldrs ‘the light of battle’). For the spelling <g> for <gg>, see Hl 1941, 107. Kock (NN §491) retains the reading of R683ˣ and suggests ljós haugs ‘the light of the grave-mound’ referring to swords buried with their owners. However, papp25ˣ has hǫggs (‘hogs’, possibly corrected from ‘gogs’), and ‘the light of the sword-blow’ is in keeping with the imagery of the stanza.

í ‘against’

(not checked:)
í (prep.): in, into

hausum ‘skulls’

(not checked:)
hauss (noun m.; °hauss, dat. hausi/haus; hausar): skull

[3] hausum: ‘husum’ R683ˣ

hjǫr ‘the sword’

(not checked:)
hjǫrr (noun m.): sword

kallak ‘I call’

(not checked:)
kalla (verb): call

svá ‘thus’

(not checked:)
svá (adv.): so, thus

gjalla ‘to resound’

(not checked:)
gjalla (verb): to scream, shriek; to repay, return, pay for

Hart ‘The hard’

(not checked:)
harðr (adj.; °comp. -ari; superl. -astr): hard, harsh

kennings

Hart kerti hildar –
‘The hard taper of battle – ’
= SWORD
The hard taper of battle – → SWORD

skar ‘cut’

(not checked:)
skera (verb): cut

hildar ‘of battle’

(not checked:)
1. hildr (noun f.): battle

kennings

Hart kerti hildar –
‘The hard taper of battle – ’
= SWORD
The hard taper of battle – → SWORD

kerti ‘taper’

(not checked:)
kerti (noun n.; °-s; -): candle

kennings

Hart kerti hildar –
‘The hard taper of battle – ’
= SWORD
The hard taper of battle – → SWORD

hjalms ‘of the helmet’

(not checked:)
1. hjalmr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): helmet

kennings

grand hjalms –
‘the harm of the helmet – ’
= SWORD
the harm of the helmet – → SWORD

grand ‘the harm’

(not checked:)
grand (noun n.): injury

kennings

grand hjalms –
‘the harm of the helmet – ’
= SWORD
the harm of the helmet – → SWORD

es ‘is’

(not checked:)
2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am

þat ‘that’

(not checked:)
1. sá (pron.; °gen. þess, dat. þeim, acc. þann; f. sú, gen. þeirrar, acc. þá; n. þat, dat. því; pl. m. þeir, f. þǽ---): that (one), those

randir ‘shields’

(not checked:)
rǫnd (noun f.; °dat. -/-u; rendr/randir): shield, shield-rim

þvít ‘because’

(not checked:)
þvít (conj.): because, since

ben ‘the wound’

(not checked:)
2. ben (noun n.; °-s; -): wound < benlogi (noun m.): wound-flame

kennings

benlogi –
‘the wound-flame – ’
= SWORD
the wound-flame – → SWORD

logi ‘flame’

(not checked:)
logi (noun m.; °-a; -ar): flame < benlogi (noun m.): wound-flame

kennings

benlogi –
‘the wound-flame – ’
= SWORD
the wound-flame – → SWORD

brynju ‘the byrnie’

(not checked:)
1. brynja (noun f.; °-u (dat. brynnoni Gibb 38⁹); -ur): mailcoat

beit ‘bit’

(not checked:)
bíta (verb; °bítr; beit, bitu; bitinn): bite

nefnik ‘I name’

(not checked:)
2. nefna (verb): mention, name, call

svá ‘thus’

(not checked:)
svá (adv.): so, thus

hneiti ‘the sword’

(not checked:)
hneitir (noun m.): sword

notes

[8] hneiti ‘the sword’: See Note to st. 17/2. This is the only line in which the ‘annotation’ occurs in metrical positions 2-6 rather than in positions 1-4.

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verse
prose

As st. 67 above.

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RvHbreiðm Hl 68III

Hjaldr ‘The battle’

kennings

notes

kyndill ‘candle’

kennings

notes

beit ‘bit’

hildar ‘of battle’

kennings

harðr ‘a hard’

notes

brandr ‘sword’

es ‘is’

þat ‘that’

garða ‘farm-yards’

kennings

ljós ‘the light’

kennings

varð ‘had’

hǫggs ‘of the sword-blow’

kennings

notes

í ‘against’

hausum ‘skulls’

hjǫr ‘the sword’

kallak ‘I call’

svá ‘thus’

gjalla ‘to resound’

Hart ‘The hard’

kennings

skar ‘cut’

hildar ‘of battle’

kennings

kerti ‘taper’

kennings

hjalms ‘of the helmet’

kennings

grand ‘the harm’

kennings

es ‘is’

þat ‘that’

randir ‘shields’

þvít ‘because’

ben ‘the wound’

kennings

logi ‘flame’

kennings

brynju ‘the byrnie’

beit ‘bit’

nefnik ‘I name’

svá ‘thus’

hneiti ‘the sword’

notes

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RvHbreiðm Hl 68^III