Ótt Hfl 11I
Matthew Townend (ed.) 2012, ‘Óttarr svarti, Hǫfuðlausn 11’ in Diana Whaley (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 1: From Mythical Times to c. 1035. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 1. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 755.
Máttit ‘could not’
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mega (verb): may, might
[1] Máttit: môttut 73aˣ, 61, Bb, ‘mattie’ Tóm
ǫld ‘the people’
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ǫld (noun f.; °; aldir): people, age
við ‘’
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2. við (prep.): with, against
gjǫldum ‘tribute’
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gjald (noun n.): payment, reward, return
vísi ‘ruler’
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vísi (noun m.; °-a): leader
vægðar ‘merci’
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vægð (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): mercy < vægðarlauss (adj.): merciless
lausum ‘less’
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lauss (adj.; °compar. lausari): loose, free, without < vægðarlauss (adj.): merciless
víð ‘Widely’
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víðr (adj.): far < víðfrægr (adj.): far-renowned
[4] víð‑: vand‑ 68, víg‑ Bb
frægr ‘famous’
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frægr (adj.; °-jan/-an; compar. -ri, superl. -jastr/-astr/-str): famous, renowned < víðfrægr (adj.): far-renowned
[4] ‑frægr: ‑fræg Holm2, ‑frægu 73aˣ
við ‘against’
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2. við (prep.): with, against
[4] við þér: viðir J1ˣ, J2ˣ; við: om. 325VI, 73aˣ, 78aˣ
þér ‘you’
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þú (pron.; °gen. þín, dat. þér, acc. þik): you
[4] við þér: viðir J1ˣ, J2ˣ; þér: þik Bb, Flat, Tóm
bægja ‘stand’
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2. bægja (verb; °-gð-): contend
[4] bægja: bægjask 68, 61, 325V, Flat, Tóm
Guldut ‘not seldom’
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1. gjalda (verb): pay, repay
gumnar ‘Men’
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gumi (noun m.; °-a; gumar/gumnar): man
[5] gumnar: gunnr J1ˣ, gunnar 61, 325VII, ‘gummar’ Bb, gunnari Tóm
dǫglingi ‘king’
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dǫglingr (noun m.; °; -ar): king, ruler
[6] dǫglingi: dǫglingum 325VI, 78aˣ, Tóm
hollum ‘gracious’
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hollr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): loyal
[6] hollum: so J1ˣ, J2ˣ, 325VI, 73aˣ, 78aˣ, hollust Kˣ, hollast Holm2, 75c, Bb, þollar 68, 61, 325V, 325VII, Flat, Tóm
notes
[6] hollum ‘to the gracious’: The mss show a variety of forms. The two leading mss (Kˣ and Holm2) read hollust/hollast, which would make little sense in context, unless hollast is an adverbial usage, ‘most graciously’, perhaps ironic. It therefore seems best to adopt (with ÍF 27) the positive form hollum, found in some A-class mss. Skj B adopts þollar from certain B- and C-class mss and gunnar from 61, 325VII in l. 5 to create a warrior-kenning þollar gunnar ‘fir-trees of battle [WARRIORS]’, replacing gumnar as the subject of the sentence. Skald follows Skj, but prefers þollar Gunnar ‘fir-trees of Gunnr <valkyrie> [WARRIORS]’.
til ‘to’
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til (prep.): to
strandar ‘the shore’
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strǫnd (noun f.; °strandar, dat. -u/-; strandir/strendr): beach, shore
stór ‘great’
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stórr (adj.): large, great
þing ‘goods’
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þing (noun n.; °-s; -): meeting, assembly
fóru ‘went’
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fara (verb; ferr, fór, fóru, farinn): go, travel
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
Óláfr travels widely throughout England, taking tribute from the people or raiding as an alternative.
The ASC (s. a. 1012) records the payment of tribute to Þorkell’s army at Canterbury. Snorri Sturluson places this stanza after Sigv Víkv 9 (which records a battle at a place called Nýjamóða), and assumes it refers to a series of payments in unrecorded places, but this is probably a mistake, and it is more likely that Hfl 11 refers, with st. 10, to the attack on Canterbury (and note repetition of tókt and aldar/ǫld in the two stanzas).
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