Sturl Hryn 11II
Valgerður Erna Þorvaldsdóttir (ed.) 2009, ‘Sturla Þórðarson, Hrynhenda 11’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 687-8.
Gneistum ‘sparks’
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gneisti (noun m.): sword, spark
hratt ‘threw’
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1. hrinda (verb): launch, propell
fyrir ‘’
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fyrir (prep.): for, before, because of
Elfi ‘of the Götaälv’
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Elfi (noun f.): Götaälv (Elfr)
elris ‘of the alder-tree’
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elrir (noun m.): [alder-tree]
kennings
Garmr elris‘The hound of the alder-tree ’
= FIRE
The hound of the alder-tree → FIRE
notes
[2] garmr elris ‘the hound of the alder-tree [FIRE]’: See Sturl Hákkv 7/7.
garmr ‘The hound’
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garmr (noun m.): dog
kennings
Garmr elris‘The hound of the alder-tree ’
= FIRE
The hound of the alder-tree → FIRE
notes
[2] garmr elris ‘the hound of the alder-tree [FIRE]’: See Sturl Hákkv 7/7.
í ‘at’
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í (prep.): in, into
notes
[2] ráfit (n. sg.) ‘the roof’: E, 8 and Flat have the later form of the word, ræfrit.
varma ‘the warm’
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varmr (adj.; °compar. -ari): warm
síðan ‘then’
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síðan (adv.): later, then
fellu ‘fell down’
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falla (verb): fall
hávar ‘the high’
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3. hár (adj.; °-van; compar. hǽrri, superl. hǽstr): high
hallir ‘halls’
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1. hǫll (noun f.; °hallar, dat. -u/-; hallir): hall
hrygðarstund ‘at that sorrowful time’
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hryggðarstund (noun f.): sorrowful time
Dana ‘the Danes’’
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Danr (noun m.; °dat. -; -ir): Dane
bygðum ‘settlements’
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byggð (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): dwelling, settlement
tóku ‘began’
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2. taka (verb): take
öll ‘All’
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allr (adj.): all
at ‘to’
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3. at (prep.): at, to
brenna ‘burn’
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2. brenna (verb; °brennr/brenn; brann, brunnu; brunninn): (strong, intransitive)
ógnar ‘the battle’
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ógn (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): terror, battle < ógnarstríðr (adj.)
kennings
ógnarstríðr úlfr storðar‘the battle-harsh wolf of the land ’
= FIRE
the battle-harsh wolf of the land → FIRE
stríðr ‘harsh’
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stríðr (adj.): harsh < ógnarstríðr (adj.)
[6] ‑stríðr: so 8, stríð F, 81a, Flat
kennings
ógnarstríðr úlfr storðar‘the battle-harsh wolf of the land ’
= FIRE
the battle-harsh wolf of the land → FIRE
á ‘on’
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3. á (prep.): on, at
Hallandssíðu ‘the coast of Halland’
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Hallandssíða (noun f.): [coast of Halland]
ýta ‘of men’
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ýtr (noun m.): man; launcher
rann ‘ran’
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2. renna (verb): run (strong)
um ‘through’
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1. um (prep.): about, around
stórlig ‘the great’
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stórligr (adj.): [great]
stræti ‘streets’
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stræti (noun n.; °-s; -): street
storðar ‘of the land’
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2. storð (noun f.): young wood, earth
kennings
ógnarstríðr úlfr storðar‘the battle-harsh wolf of the land ’
= FIRE
the battle-harsh wolf of the land → FIRE
úlfr ‘wolf’
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1. ulfr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): wolf
kennings
ógnarstríðr úlfr storðar‘the battle-harsh wolf of the land ’
= FIRE
the battle-harsh wolf of the land → FIRE
notes
[8] Glaumstein ‘Glaumsteinn’: This p. n. has not been identified.
stein ‘steinn’
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steinn (noun m.; °steins; steinar): stone, colour
notes
[8] Glaumstein ‘Glaumsteinn’: This p. n. has not been identified.
norðan ‘north’
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norðan (adv.): from the north
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
The hound of the alder-tree [FIRE] threw sparks at the warm roof east of the Götaälv; then the high halls fell down at that sorrowful time in the Danes’ settlements. All the houses began to burn on the coast of Halland; the battle-harsh wolf of the land [FIRE] ran through the great streets of men north of Glaumsteinn.
The night after the burning, the fleet got caught in a storm and some of the ships drifted off. The Danes took the opportunity to attack and kill some of Hákon’s men, and set the ships that drifted ashore on fire. The Norwegians managed to save some of the ships before heading off again to Årnäs (Aranes), where they burned the Dan. settlement.
Sturla seems to have been particularly fascinated with fire. He creates a similar, but more elaborate nýgerving ‘extension of meaning’, i.e. giving a new meaning to words (see SnE 1999, 131) in Sturl Hákkv 7-8, where fire is shown as a vicious dog set free by Hákon, devouring everything in its path. — [5-8]: Finnur Jónsson and Kock did not agree on the interpretation of this helmingr. Skj B construes stórlig ‘great’(l. 7) with innin (inni) ‘houses’ (l. 5) and gives the following reading: ǫll stórlig inni fyr norðan Glymstein tóku at brenna ‘all great houses north of Glymsteinn began to burn’. The present edn agrees with Kock’s (NN §1351) and Konráð Gíslason’s (1895-7, I, 75) interpretations, except that Konráð places stórlig stræti ýta ‘great streets of men’ (l. 7) more precisely á Hallandssíðu fyr norðan Glymstein ‘on the coast of Halland north of Glymsteinn’ (ll. 6, 7, 8).
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