Hharð Gamv 6II
Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2009, ‘Haraldr harðráði Sigurðarson, Gamanvísur 6’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 41.
Fœddr ‘born’
(not checked:)
2. fœða (verb): to feed, give food to, bring up, bear, give birth to
[1] Fœddr: alinn N B88
notes
[1]: The l. lacks internal rhyme (see st. 5/1 above), and Kock (NN §2024A) attempts to restore the rhyme by emending fœddr ‘born’ to alinn ‘born, raised’ or alma ‘bows’ to odda ‘spear- or sword-points’. The first emendation results in an unmetrical l. with three alliterative staves: alinn ‘born, raised’, ek ‘I’, alma ‘elm-bows’ (cf. Skald: Alinn vas ek, þars alma) and the second in a nonsensical construction (‘where the Upplendingar bent the spear- or sword-points’). However, N B88 also gives the reading alinn, and the only way to restore the metre would be to construe the l. as follows: Alinn vask þar, es alma lit. ‘I was raised [or: born] there, where the elm-bows’. The internal rhyme (al- : alm-) leads to the suspicion that this reading is secondary.
vas ‘was’
(not checked:)
2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
notes
[1]: The l. lacks internal rhyme (see st. 5/1 above), and Kock (NN §2024A) attempts to restore the rhyme by emending fœddr ‘born’ to alinn ‘born, raised’ or alma ‘bows’ to odda ‘spear- or sword-points’. The first emendation results in an unmetrical l. with three alliterative staves: alinn ‘born, raised’, ek ‘I’, alma ‘elm-bows’ (cf. Skald: Alinn vas ek, þars alma) and the second in a nonsensical construction (‘where the Upplendingar bent the spear- or sword-points’). However, N B88 also gives the reading alinn, and the only way to restore the metre would be to construe the l. as follows: Alinn vask þar, es alma lit. ‘I was raised [or: born] there, where the elm-bows’. The internal rhyme (al- : alm-) leads to the suspicion that this reading is secondary.
ek ‘I’
(not checked:)
ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me
notes
[1]: The l. lacks internal rhyme (see st. 5/1 above), and Kock (NN §2024A) attempts to restore the rhyme by emending fœddr ‘born’ to alinn ‘born, raised’ or alma ‘bows’ to odda ‘spear- or sword-points’. The first emendation results in an unmetrical l. with three alliterative staves: alinn ‘born, raised’, ek ‘I’, alma ‘elm-bows’ (cf. Skald: Alinn vas ek, þars alma) and the second in a nonsensical construction (‘where the Upplendingar bent the spear- or sword-points’). However, N B88 also gives the reading alinn, and the only way to restore the metre would be to construe the l. as follows: Alinn vask þar, es alma lit. ‘I was raised [or: born] there, where the elm-bows’. The internal rhyme (al- : alm-) leads to the suspicion that this reading is secondary.
notes
[1]: The l. lacks internal rhyme (see st. 5/1 above), and Kock (NN §2024A) attempts to restore the rhyme by emending fœddr ‘born’ to alinn ‘born, raised’ or alma ‘bows’ to odda ‘spear- or sword-points’. The first emendation results in an unmetrical l. with three alliterative staves: alinn ‘born, raised’, ek ‘I’, alma ‘elm-bows’ (cf. Skald: Alinn vas ek, þars alma) and the second in a nonsensical construction (‘where the Upplendingar bent the spear- or sword-points’). However, N B88 also gives the reading alinn, and the only way to restore the metre would be to construe the l. as follows: Alinn vask þar, es alma lit. ‘I was raised [or: born] there, where the elm-bows’. The internal rhyme (al- : alm-) leads to the suspicion that this reading is secondary.
alma ‘the elm-bows’
(not checked:)
almr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): bow, elm-bow
[1] alma: ‘amær’ N B88
notes
[1]: The l. lacks internal rhyme (see st. 5/1 above), and Kock (NN §2024A) attempts to restore the rhyme by emending fœddr ‘born’ to alinn ‘born, raised’ or alma ‘bows’ to odda ‘spear- or sword-points’. The first emendation results in an unmetrical l. with three alliterative staves: alinn ‘born, raised’, ek ‘I’, alma ‘elm-bows’ (cf. Skald: Alinn vas ek, þars alma) and the second in a nonsensical construction (‘where the Upplendingar bent the spear- or sword-points’). However, N B88 also gives the reading alinn, and the only way to restore the metre would be to construe the l. as follows: Alinn vask þar, es alma lit. ‘I was raised [or: born] there, where the elm-bows’. The internal rhyme (al- : alm-) leads to the suspicion that this reading is secondary.
Upplendingar ‘the Upplendingar’
(not checked:)
upplendingr (noun m.): one of the Upplendingar
[2] Upplendingar: ‘uplendkær’ N B88
notes
[2] Upplendingar ‘the Upplendingar’: Opplandene (Upplǫnd) comprised present-day Hedmark, Hadeland, Romerike, Gudbrandsdalen and Østerdalen in Norway. Haraldr’s father, Sigurðr sýr, was a petty king of that district.
bendu ‘bent’
(not checked:)
1. benda (verb; °-nd-): bend
nú ‘now’
(not checked:)
nú (adv.): now
við ‘among’
(not checked:)
2. við (prep.): with, against
skeiðr ‘warships’
(not checked:)
1. skeið (noun f.; °-ar; -r/-ar/-ir): ship
mǫnnum ‘to farmers’
(not checked:)
maðr (noun m.): man, person < búmaðr (noun m.): farmer
leiðar ‘loathsome’
(not checked:)
2. leiðr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): hateful, loathsome
Vítt ‘Far and wide’
(not checked:)
víðr (adj.): far
hef ‘have’
(not checked:)
hafa (verb): have
ek ‘I’
(not checked:)
ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me
sízt ‘since’
(not checked:)
sízt (conj.): [since]
notes
[5] ýttum ‘set out’: For ýta in this intransitive meaning (‘set out, embark on a sea-voyage’), see Fritzner: ýta 2.
ey ‘the island’
(not checked:)
1. ey (noun f.; °-jar, dat. -ju/-; -jar): island < eygarðr (noun m.)
kennings
eygarð,‘ the island-enclosure ’
= SEA
the island-enclosure → SEA
notes
[6] eygarð (m. acc. sg.) ‘the island-enclosure [SEA]’: An acc. of place.
garð ‘enclosure’
(not checked:)
garðr (noun m.): enclosure, yard < eygarðr (noun m.)
kennings
eygarð,‘ the island-enclosure ’
= SEA
the island-enclosure → SEA
notes
[6] eygarð (m. acc. sg.) ‘the island-enclosure [SEA]’: An acc. of place.
skotit ‘thrust’
(not checked:)
skjóta (verb): shoot
barði ‘ the prow’
(not checked:)
barð (noun n.): prow, stern (of a ship)
þó ‘yet’
(not checked:)
þó (adv.): though
[7] þó lætr Gerðr í Gǫrðum: abbrev. as ‘þ. l.’ Mork, ‘þo læ. ger. ig.’ H, ‘þo lætr .g. i. g.’ Hr
lætr ‘’
(not checked:)
láta (verb): let, have sth done
[7] þó lætr Gerðr í Gǫrðum: abbrev. as ‘þ. l.’ Mork, ‘þo læ. ger. ig.’ H, ‘þo lætr .g. i. g.’ Hr
Gerðr ‘the Gerðr’
(not checked:)
Gerðr (noun f.): Gerðr
[7] þó lætr Gerðr í Gǫrðum: abbrev. as ‘þ. l.’ Mork, ‘þo læ. ger. ig.’ H, ‘þo lætr .g. i. g.’ Hr
kennings
Gerðr gollhrings‘the Gerðr of the gold ring ’
= WOMAN
the Gerðr of the gold ring → WOMAN
í ‘in’
(not checked:)
í (prep.): in, into
[7] þó lætr Gerðr í Gǫrðum: abbrev. as ‘þ. l.’ Mork, ‘þo læ. ger. ig.’ H, ‘þo lætr .g. i. g.’ Hr
Gǫrðum ‘Russia’
(not checked:)
Garðar (noun m.): Russia
[7] þó lætr Gerðr í Gǫrðum: abbrev. as ‘þ. l.’ Mork, ‘þo læ. ger. ig.’ H, ‘þo lætr .g. i. g.’ Hr
gollhrings ‘of the gold ring’
(not checked:)
gullhringr (noun m.): gold ring
[8] gollhrings við mér skolla: om. Mork, abbrev. as ‘goll við mer sk.’ H, ‘g. við mer skolla’ Hr
kennings
Gerðr gollhrings‘the Gerðr of the gold ring ’
= WOMAN
the Gerðr of the gold ring → WOMAN
við ‘’
(not checked:)
2. við (prep.): with, against
[8] gollhrings við mér skolla: om. Mork, abbrev. as ‘goll við mer sk.’ H, ‘g. við mer skolla’ Hr
mér ‘me’
(not checked:)
ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me
[8] gollhrings við mér skolla: om. Mork, abbrev. as ‘goll við mer sk.’ H, ‘g. við mer skolla’ Hr
skolla ‘ridicules’
(not checked:)
skolla (verb): ridicule, rock
[8] gollhrings við mér skolla: om. Mork, abbrev. as ‘goll við mer sk.’ H, ‘g. við mer skolla’ Hr
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[1-3]: The first three ll. are also recorded on the rune stick N B88, which is edited separately in SkP VI (Run B88VI). The variant readings are given in the present edn, because they have some bearing on the possible interpretations of the st. See also Note to Hharð Lv 2b/4.
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