Anon Lil 14VII
Martin Chase (ed.) 2007, ‘Anonymous Poems, Lilja 14’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 579.
verð ‘merit’
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verð (noun n.; °-s; dat. -um): worth, price < verðleikr (noun m.)
notes
[1] verðleikrinn ‘their [lit. the] merit’: In the ON Eluc the Master uses this word to explain why God created the angels with free will: Fvr retlete at þeir mętte retta ombon taka fyr verþleic sinn. Ef þeir vere sua scapaþer at þeir mętte eige misgera. þa hefþe þeir enge verþleic viþ Goþ þuiat þeir gerþe sua sem nauþger gott ‘For the sake of justice, so that they could receive their just reward for their worth [verðleik]. Had they been created without the ability to sin, they would not have had any merit [verðleik] before God because they would have acted well only out of necessity’ (Eluc 1992, 12-13). This st. expresses the same rationale for human freedom.
leikrinn ‘’
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1. leikr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -/-i; -ar): sport, play < verðleikr (noun m.)
[1] ‑leikrinn: ‑leikinn 99a, 705ˣ
notes
[1] verðleikrinn ‘their [lit. the] merit’: In the ON Eluc the Master uses this word to explain why God created the angels with free will: Fvr retlete at þeir mętte retta ombon taka fyr verþleic sinn. Ef þeir vere sua scapaþer at þeir mętte eige misgera. þa hefþe þeir enge verþleic viþ Goþ þuiat þeir gerþe sua sem nauþger gott ‘For the sake of justice, so that they could receive their just reward for their worth [verðleik]. Had they been created without the ability to sin, they would not have had any merit [verðleik] before God because they would have acted well only out of necessity’ (Eluc 1992, 12-13). This st. expresses the same rationale for human freedom.
vóx ‘’
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vaxa (verb): grow, increase
víssi ‘’
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1. víss (adj.): wise, certain(ly)
vís ‘a sure’
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1. víss (adj.): wise, certain(ly)
[1] vís: víssi 720a VIII, 99a, 705ˣ, vóx Vb, 41 8°ˣ, 4892
jörðu ‘earth’
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jǫrð (noun f.; °jarðar, dat. -u; jarðir/jarðar(DN I (1367) 304)): ground, earth
virði ‘’
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2. virða (verb): value, appraise
yrði ‘’
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1. verða (verb): become, be
vorðinn ‘’
vyrði ‘should become’
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1. verða (verb): become, be
[2] vyrði: vorðinn 622, yrði 713, að virði Vb, 41 8°ˣ, ef virði 705ˣ, að yrði 4892
notes
[2] vyrði … dýrðar ‘should become … glory’: Note the imperfect rhyme. The phrase dýrðar himna ‘glory of the heavens’ appears again in 68/8.
sök ‘basis’
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sǫk (noun f.; °sakar; sakar/sakir): cause, offence
til ‘for’
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til (prep.): to
himna ‘of the heavens’
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himinn (noun m.; °himins, dat. himni; himnar): heaven, sky
dýrðar ‘the glory’
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dýrð (noun f.; °-ar/-a(NoDipl(1279) 44²); -ir): glory
notes
[2] vyrði … dýrðar ‘should become … glory’: Note the imperfect rhyme. The phrase dýrðar himna ‘glory of the heavens’ appears again in 68/8.
boð ‘the command’
[3] boðorðið: boðorði Vb, 41 8°ˣ
orðið ‘ment’
[3] boðorðið: boðorði Vb, 41 8°ˣ
riett ‘’
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ráða (verb): advise, rule, interpret, decide
eitt ‘’
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2. einn (pron.; °decl. cf. einn num.): one, alone
liet ‘propounded’
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láta (verb): let, have sth done
[3] liet: eitt 99a, 622, 705ˣ, 4892, riett 713, einu Vb, 41 8°ˣ
enn ‘’
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2. enn (adv.): still, yet, again
fram ‘’
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fram (adv.): out, forth, forwards, away
[3] fram: enn 720a VIII, 99a, 622, 713, Vb, 41 8°ˣ
blíður ‘the kindly’
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blíðr (adj.; °n. sg. nom. & acc. blítt/blíðt; compar. -ari, superl. -astr): gentle, happy
[3] blíður: blíði 720a VIII, 99a, 622, Vb, 41 8°ˣ
drottinn ‘Lord’
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dróttinn (noun m.; °dróttins, dat. dróttni (drottini [$1049$]); dróttnar): lord, master
býður ‘commands’
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bjóða (verb; °býðr; bauð, buðu; boðinn (buð- Thom¹ 5²n.)): offer, order, invite
[4] býður: býður hann 705ˣ
þeim ‘them’
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hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...
í ‘’
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í (prep.): in, into
skyldu ‘dutifully’
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2. skyldr (adj.): obliged
hlýða ‘obey’
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2. hlýða (verb): hear, listen; be able
Eplið ‘apple’
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epli (noun n.; °-s; -): apple
eitt ‘One’
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2. einn (pron.; °decl. cf. einn num.): one, alone
[5] eitt eg banna: eitt og banna 720a VIII, er eitt það er eg 713
eg ‘I’
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ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me
[5] eitt eg banna: eitt og banna 720a VIII, er eitt það er eg 713
banna ‘forbid’
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2. banna (verb; °-að-): forbid, refuse
[5] eitt eg banna: eitt og banna 720a VIII, er eitt það er eg 713
að ‘to’
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5. at (nota): to (with infinitive)
bíta ‘take a bite of’
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bíta (verb; °bítr; beit, bitu; bitinn): bite
báðum ‘both’
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báðir (pron.; °gen. beggja (báðra), nom./acc. n. bǽði): both
ykkr ‘you’
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it (pron.; °gen. ykkar, dat./acc. ykkr): you (two)
en ‘but’
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2. en (conj.): but, and
þið ‘you’
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it (pron.; °gen. ykkar, dat./acc. ykkr): you (two)
munuð ‘may’
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munu (verb): will, must
ráða ‘decide’
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ráða (verb): advise, rule, interpret, decide
deiga ‘’
notes
[7] deyja … eigi ‘die … not’: The rhyme is accurate: eigi would have been pronounced with palatalized <g> in C14th. Cf. 7/5 and 17/5 (JH).
skolið ‘’
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skola (verb): rinse
skuluð ‘you must’
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skulu (verb): shall, should, must
[7] skuluð: skuluð þið 713, skolið 705ˣ
ef ‘if’
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3. ef (conj.): if
efnið ‘keep’
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2. efna (verb; °-fnd-): fulfil
eigi ‘not’
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3. eigi (adv.): not
notes
[7] deyja … eigi ‘die … not’: The rhyme is accurate: eigi would have been pronounced with palatalized <g> in C14th. Cf. 7/5 and 17/5 (JH).
einfalt ‘the single’
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einfaldr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): single
buð ‘’
með ‘with’
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með (prep.): with
dyggðleik ‘’
dyggleik ‘fidelity’
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dyggleikr (noun m.; °dat. -): [fidelity]
[8] dyggleik: dyggðleik Vb, 41 8°ˣ
hreinum ‘pure’
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2. hreinn (adj.; °compar. hreinari/hreinni, superl. hreinastr/hreinstr): pure
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
And so that their merit on earth should become a sure basis for the glory of the heavens, the kindly Lord propounded the commandment; he commands them to obey dutifully: ‘One apple I forbid you both to take a bite of, but you may decide for yourselves; you must die if you do not keep the single command with pure fidelity.’
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