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Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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ESk Geisl 66^VII

Martin Chase (ed.) 2007, ‘Einarr Skúlason, Geisli 66’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 60-1.

Einarr Skúlason Geisli

Ǫld ‘mankind’

(not checked:)
ǫld (noun f.; °; aldir): people, age

nýtr ‘enjoys’

(not checked:)
njóta (verb): enjoy, use

Óláfs ‘of Óláfr’

(not checked:)
Óláfr (noun m.): Óláfr

mildi ‘the mercy’

(not checked:)
mildi (noun f.): generosity, mercy

jǫfurs ‘of the king’

(not checked:)
jǫfurr (noun m.): ruler, prince

dýrð ‘the fame’

(not checked:)
dýrð (noun f.; °-ar/-a(NoDipl(1279) 44²); -ir): glory

hǫfum ‘we [I] have’

(not checked:)
hafa (verb): have

skýrða ‘made clear’

(not checked:)
1. skýra (verb): explain, interpret

þrotnar ‘///’

(not checked:)
þrotinn (adj.)

þróttar ‘of strength’

(not checked:)
þróttr (noun m.): strength, might, valour

[3] þróttar: so Bb, þrotnar Flat

hárs ‘///’

(not checked:)
hárr (adj.): grey

hvass ‘keen’

(not checked:)
hvass (adj.; °-an; -ari, -astr): keen, sharp

[3] hvass: so Bb, hárs Flat

af ‘from’

(not checked:)
af (prep.): from

frá ‘concerning’

(not checked:)
frá (prep.): from

at ‘with regard’

(not checked:)
3. at (prep.): at, to

[3] at: frá Flat, af Bb

þessum ‘these’

(not checked:)
1. sjá (pron.; °gen. þessa dat. þessum/þeima, acc. þenna; f. sjá/þessi; n. þetta, dat. þessu/þvísa; pl. þessir): this

þrek ‘Strong’

(not checked:)
þrek (noun n.): courage, strength < þreksnjallr (adj.): strong and bold

[4] þreksnjǫll: so Bb, þingsnjalls Flat

þingsnjalls ‘///’

(not checked:)
þingsnjallr (adj.)

verǫld ‘///’

(not checked:)
verǫld (noun f.; °-aldar, dat. -/-u; -aldir): world, age

snjǫll ‘and bold’

(not checked:)
snjallr (adj.): quick, resourceful, bold < þreksnjallr (adj.): strong and bold

[4] þreksnjǫll: so Bb, þingsnjalls Flat

verǫld ‘’

(not checked:)
verǫld (noun f.; °-aldar, dat. -/-u; -aldir): world, age

frama ‘honour’

(not checked:)
frama (verb): promote, advance

[4] frama: so Bb, verǫld Flat

ǫllum ‘to all’

(not checked:)
allr (adj.): all

[4] ǫllum: so Bb, alla Flat

Lúti ‘bow before’

(not checked:)
1. lúta (verb): (strong)

[5] Lúti: ‘loti’ Bb

lands ‘of the land’

(not checked:)
land (noun n.; °-s; *-): land < landsfolk (noun n.): people of the country

[5] lands‑: land Bb

folk ‘the people’

(not checked:)
folk (noun n.): people < landsfolk (noun n.): people of the country

ítrum ‘the bright’

(not checked:)
ítr (adj.): glorious

kennings

himna salkonungs ítrum lim;
‘the bright limb of the hall-king of the heavens’
= SAINT = Óláfr
the hall of the heavens; → SKY/HEAVEN
the king of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
the bright limb of GOD → SAINT = Óláfr

lim ‘limb’

(not checked:)
limr (noun m.; °-ar/-s, dat. -i/-; -ir acc. limu/limi): [limb]

kennings

himna salkonungs ítrum lim;
‘the bright limb of the hall-king of the heavens’
= SAINT = Óláfr
the hall of the heavens; → SKY/HEAVEN
the king of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
the bright limb of GOD → SAINT = Óláfr

sal ‘of the hall’

(not checked:)
1. salr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -; dat. sǫlum): hall < salkonungr (noun m.): hall-king

[6] sal‑: so Bb, ‘‑salmls’ Flat

kennings

himna salkonungs ítrum lim;
‘the bright limb of the hall-king of the heavens’
= SAINT = Óláfr
the hall of the heavens; → SKY/HEAVEN
the king of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
the bright limb of GOD → SAINT = Óláfr

notes

[6] salkonungs ‘of the hall-king’: Emendation is necessary here, as neither ms. is satisfactory.

sal ‘of the hall’

(not checked:)
1. salr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -; dat. sǫlum): hall < salkonungr (noun m.): hall-king

[6] sal‑: so Bb, ‘‑salmls’ Flat

kennings

himna salkonungs ítrum lim;
‘the bright limb of the hall-king of the heavens’
= SAINT = Óláfr
the hall of the heavens; → SKY/HEAVEN
the king of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
the bright limb of GOD → SAINT = Óláfr

notes

[6] salkonungs ‘of the hall-king’: Emendation is necessary here, as neither ms. is satisfactory.

sal ‘of the hall’

(not checked:)
1. salr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -; dat. sǫlum): hall < salkonungr (noun m.): hall-king

[6] sal‑: so Bb, ‘‑salmls’ Flat

kennings

himna salkonungs ítrum lim;
‘the bright limb of the hall-king of the heavens’
= SAINT = Óláfr
the hall of the heavens; → SKY/HEAVEN
the king of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
the bright limb of GOD → SAINT = Óláfr

notes

[6] salkonungs ‘of the hall-king’: Emendation is necessary here, as neither ms. is satisfactory.

konungs ‘of the king’

(not checked:)
konungr (noun m.; °dat. -i, -s; -ar): king < salkonungr (noun m.): hall-king

[6] ‑konungs: konungi Flat, konunguns Bb

kennings

himna salkonungs ítrum lim;
‘the bright limb of the hall-king of the heavens’
= SAINT = Óláfr
the hall of the heavens; → SKY/HEAVEN
the king of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
the bright limb of GOD → SAINT = Óláfr

notes

[6] salkonungs ‘of the hall-king’: Emendation is necessary here, as neither ms. is satisfactory.

konungs ‘of the king’

(not checked:)
konungr (noun m.; °dat. -i, -s; -ar): king < salkonungr (noun m.): hall-king

[6] ‑konungs: konungi Flat, konunguns Bb

kennings

himna salkonungs ítrum lim;
‘the bright limb of the hall-king of the heavens’
= SAINT = Óláfr
the hall of the heavens; → SKY/HEAVEN
the king of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
the bright limb of GOD → SAINT = Óláfr

notes

[6] salkonungs ‘of the hall-king’: Emendation is necessary here, as neither ms. is satisfactory.

himna ‘of the heavens’

(not checked:)
himinn (noun m.; °himins, dat. himni; himnar): heaven, sky

kennings

himna salkonungs ítrum lim;
‘the bright limb of the hall-king of the heavens’
= SAINT = Óláfr
the hall of the heavens; → SKY/HEAVEN
the king of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
the bright limb of GOD → SAINT = Óláfr

himna ‘of the heavens’

(not checked:)
himinn (noun m.; °himins, dat. himni; himnar): heaven, sky

kennings

himna salkonungs ítrum lim;
‘the bright limb of the hall-king of the heavens’
= SAINT = Óláfr
the hall of the heavens; → SKY/HEAVEN
the king of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
the bright limb of GOD → SAINT = Óláfr

himna ‘of the heavens’

(not checked:)
himinn (noun m.; °himins, dat. himni; himnar): heaven, sky

kennings

himna salkonungs ítrum lim;
‘the bright limb of the hall-king of the heavens’
= SAINT = Óláfr
the hall of the heavens; → SKY/HEAVEN
the king of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
the bright limb of GOD → SAINT = Óláfr

sæll ‘blessed’

(not checked:)
sæll (adj.): happy, blessed

es ‘is’

(not checked:)
2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am

hverr ‘every’

(not checked:)
2. hverr (pron.): who, whom, each, every

hyllan ‘///’

es ‘who’

(not checked:)
2. er (conj.): who, which, when

hyllan ‘’

hollan ‘friendly’

(not checked:)
hollr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): loyal

[7] hollan: hyllan Bb

hann ‘him’

(not checked:)
hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...

gervir ‘makes’

(not checked:)
1. gera (verb): do, make

sér ‘to himself’

(not checked:)
sik (pron.; °gen. sín, dat. sér): (refl. pron.)

manna ‘man’

(not checked:)
maðr (noun m.): man, person

Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses

verse
prose

Some emendation is necessary to make sense of this st., whichever ms. is taken as base; however, Flat’s version poses more serious problems, especially in the first helmingr, in terms of syntax, metre and sense, so Bb’s has been followed for the most part. Line 3 in the Flat version has no hending, and the epithet hárs ‘old’ (m. gen. sg.) can only qualify Óláfs (l. 1), and is not plausible in context; þrotnar ‘dwindles away’ (3rd pers. sg. pres. indic.) is similarly implausible, and has no obvious subject, verǫld alla ‘all the world’ being acc.

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