SnSt Ht 56III
Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2017, ‘Snorri Sturluson, Háttatal 56’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 1165.
Hverr ‘Who’
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2. hverr (pron.): who, whom, each, every
ali ‘might nourish’
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ala (verb; °elr; ól, ólu; alinn): to beget, produce, procreate
blóði ‘with blood’
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blóð (noun n.; °-s): blood
byrsta ‘bristled’
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byrsta (verb; °-rst-): bristle
kennings
rauðsylgjum bens,‘with red slurps of the wound, ’
= BLOOD
with red slurps of the wound, → BLOOD
rauðsylgjum ‘with red slurps’
(not checked:)
rauðsylgr (noun m.): [with red slurps]
kennings
rauðsylgjum bens,‘with red slurps of the wound, ’
= BLOOD
with red slurps of the wound, → BLOOD
nema ‘unless’
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2. nema (conj.): unless
svát ‘’
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svát (conj.): so that, so as
gramr ‘the ruler’
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1. gramr (noun m.): ruler
of ‘’
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4. of (particle): (before verb)
notes
[3] of gildi ‘would satisfy’: This is the 3rd pers. sg. pret. subj. of the weak verb gilda with the proclitic expletive particle of. Fritzner: gilda gives the following meanings: 1) udrede, præstere, betale ‘pay out, supply, pay’; 2) gjøre god, fremstille eller omtale som god ‘make good, depict or describe as good’. The sense of gilda in the present context has sparked considerable debate, however (see the overview in NN §1317). Möbius (SnE 1879-81, I, 98) has auszahlen, darreichen, befriedigen ‘pay out, hand out, satisfy’ and Konráð Gíslason (1895-7) translates it as vækker ‘awakens, stirs’, but points out that the literal meaning is foröge ‘increase’. Skj B has forøgede ‘increased’ (LP: gilda 1, ‘göre tyk, dröj’, forøge ‘“make thick, long-lasting,” increase’). Kock suggests a translation tilgodose ‘attend to, look after’ (NN §1317). Faulkes (SnE 2007, 114) provides ‘make strong, increase, encourage; satisfy, do justice to (?)’. In the present edn, gilda is taken in the meaning ‘satisfy’ (= gjalda ‘pay compensation to sby for sth.’: ‘to compensate the wolf for its hunger’; see Fritzner: gjalda 1).
gildi ‘would satisfy’
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1. gjalda (verb): pay, repay
notes
[3] of gildi ‘would satisfy’: This is the 3rd pers. sg. pret. subj. of the weak verb gilda with the proclitic expletive particle of. Fritzner: gilda gives the following meanings: 1) udrede, præstere, betale ‘pay out, supply, pay’; 2) gjøre god, fremstille eller omtale som god ‘make good, depict or describe as good’. The sense of gilda in the present context has sparked considerable debate, however (see the overview in NN §1317). Möbius (SnE 1879-81, I, 98) has auszahlen, darreichen, befriedigen ‘pay out, hand out, satisfy’ and Konráð Gíslason (1895-7) translates it as vækker ‘awakens, stirs’, but points out that the literal meaning is foröge ‘increase’. Skj B has forøgede ‘increased’ (LP: gilda 1, ‘göre tyk, dröj’, forøge ‘“make thick, long-lasting,” increase’). Kock suggests a translation tilgodose ‘attend to, look after’ (NN §1317). Faulkes (SnE 2007, 114) provides ‘make strong, increase, encourage; satisfy, do justice to (?)’. In the present edn, gilda is taken in the meaning ‘satisfy’ (= gjalda ‘pay compensation to sby for sth.’: ‘to compensate the wolf for its hunger’; see Fritzner: gjalda 1).
dag ‘a day’
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dagr (noun m.; °-s, dat. degi/dag/dagi(Thom¹ 332¹n.); -ar): day
[4] dag margan: margan dag W; dag: ‘dog’ U
vargi ‘the wolf’s’
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vargr (noun m.; °dat. -i; -ar): wolf
Gefr ‘gives’
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gefa (verb): give
oddviti ‘The war-leader’
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oddviti (noun m.): leader
egg ‘by the blade’
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1. egg (noun f.; °-jar, dat. -ju/-): edge, blade
ný ‘newly’
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nýr (adj.; °nýjan; compar. nýrri, superl. nýjastr): new < nýbitinn (adj./verb p.p.)
bitnar ‘bitten’
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bíta (verb; °bítr; beit, bitu; bitinn): bite < nýbitinn (adj./verb p.p.)
[6] ‑bitnar: ‑bitnum U
vitni ‘the wolf’
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vitnir (noun m.): wolf
hann ‘he’
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hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...
[7] hann: so all others, herr R
notes
[7] hann ‘he’: Herr ‘the army’ has been altered in R to hann ‘he’ (R*). That is also the reading of the other ms. witnesses, and it has been adopted in the present edn. It looks as though the scribe of R mistook an abbreviated hann for herr. See the similar confusion in sts 7/3, 68/8.
Fenris ‘of Fenrir’
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Fenrir (noun m.): Fenrir
kennings
fitjar Fenris,‘the hands of Fenrir, ’
= PAWS
the hands of Fenrir, → PAWS
kennings
fitjar Fenris,‘the hands of Fenrir, ’
= PAWS
the hands of Fenrir, → PAWS
notes
[7] fitjar ‘the hands’: For the meaning fit ‘hand’, see Note to st. 42/5 above.
framm ‘at the tips’
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fram (adv.): out, forth, forwards, away
notes
[8] framm ‘at the tips’: For this meaning of the adv., see Fritzner: fram 14.
kló ‘claw’
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kló (noun f.; °-; klǿr): claw < klóloðinn (adj./verb p.p.)
loðnar ‘shaggy’
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loðinn (adj./verb p.p.; °superl. loðnastr): [shaggy, Loðinn] < klóloðinn (adj./verb p.p.)
[8] ‑loðnar: boðnar U
roðna ‘turn red’
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rjóða (verb): to redden
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
This variant is called Egils háttr ‘Egill’s verse-form’. It is characterised by a lack of internal rhymes in the odd lines and by aðalhending and riðhent ‘rocking-rhymed’ (see st. 32) in the even lines.
The heading in Tˣ is Egils háttr. 48. This variant does occur in the poetry of Egill Skallagrímsson (Egill Lv 8/1-2V (Eg 12), 35/1-2V (Eg 64), 42/7-8V (Eg 122), but not systematically. — Stanzas 56 and 57 are given in the reverse order in W. This is the last stanza recorded in U. — [8]: This line has caused problems for earlier eds, and the problems were compounded by the fact that Skj A contains an error in the transcription (‘kloðloðnar’ for ‘kloloðnar’ R). See the discussion by Fidjestøl (1982, 72-3) and the literature cited there. The present edn follows Fidjestøl (loc. cit.) and Faulkes (SnE 2007).
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