SnSt Ht 26III
Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2017, ‘Snorri Sturluson, Háttatal 26’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 1132.
Fúss ‘The eager’
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fúss (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): eager, willing
[1] Fúss: so all others, Fýss R
brýtr ‘breaks’
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brjóta (verb; °brýtr; braut, brutu; brotinn): to break, destroy
[1] brýtr: so all others, ‘b[…]ytr’ R
fylkir ‘leader’
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fylkir (noun m.): leader
eisu ‘fire’
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1. eisa (noun f.; °; -ur): flame, ember
kennings
eisu fens;‘fire of the fen; ’
= GOLD
fire of the fen; → GOLD
fens ‘of the fen’
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fen (noun n.; °-s; -): fen
kennings
eisu fens;‘fire of the fen; ’
= GOLD
fire of the fen; → GOLD
bregðr ‘moves’
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bregða (verb; °bregðr/brigðr; brá, brugðu; brugðinn/brogðinn): pull, jerk, break; change
notes
[2] hǫnd bregðr á venju ‘the hand moves according to custom’: See GunnHám Lv 13/7-8V (Nj 26) and Gamlkan Has 42/5, 8VII.
hǫnd ‘the hand’
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hǫnd (noun f.; °handar, dat. hendi; hendr (hendir StatPáll³ 752¹²)): hand
notes
[2] hǫnd bregðr á venju ‘the hand moves according to custom’: See GunnHám Lv 13/7-8V (Nj 26) and Gamlkan Has 42/5, 8VII.
á ‘according’
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3. á (prep.): on, at
notes
[2] hǫnd bregðr á venju ‘the hand moves according to custom’: See GunnHám Lv 13/7-8V (Nj 26) and Gamlkan Has 42/5, 8VII.
venju ‘to custom’
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1. venja (noun f.; °-u; -ur): custom, habit
notes
[2] hǫnd bregðr á venju ‘the hand moves according to custom’: See GunnHám Lv 13/7-8V (Nj 26) and Gamlkan Has 42/5, 8VII.
rán ‘the plunder’
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rán (noun n.; °-s; -): plunder, plundering < ránhegnir (noun m.): [plunder-punisher]
kennings
ránhegnir‘the plunder-punisher ’
= JUST RULER
the plunder-punisher → JUST RULER
hegnir ‘punisher’
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hegnir (noun m.): punisher < ránhegnir (noun m.): [plunder-punisher]
kennings
ránhegnir‘the plunder-punisher ’
= JUST RULER
the plunder-punisher → JUST RULER
gefr ‘gives’
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gefa (verb): give
Rínar ‘of the Rhine’
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Rín (noun f.): [Rhine]
kennings
rǫf Rínar;‘amber of the Rhine; ’
= GOLD
amber of the Rhine; → GOLD
rǫf ‘amber’
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rǫf (noun f.): amber
kennings
rǫf Rínar;‘amber of the Rhine; ’
= GOLD
amber of the Rhine; → GOLD
spyrr ‘ask’
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spyrja (verb; spurði): ask; hear, find out
notes
[4] ætt spyrr at jǫfrum ‘people ask about princes’: The sense must be that people talk about rulers’ generosity, i.e. how well they will reward their men for their service.
ætt ‘people’
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1. ætt (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): family
notes
[4] ætt spyrr at jǫfrum ‘people ask about princes’: The sense must be that people talk about rulers’ generosity, i.e. how well they will reward their men for their service.
at ‘about’
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3. at (prep.): at, to
notes
[4] ætt spyrr at jǫfrum ‘people ask about princes’: The sense must be that people talk about rulers’ generosity, i.e. how well they will reward their men for their service.
jǫfrum ‘princes’
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jǫfurr (noun m.): ruler, prince
notes
[4] ætt spyrr at jǫfrum ‘people ask about princes’: The sense must be that people talk about rulers’ generosity, i.e. how well they will reward their men for their service.
Mjǫk ‘very much’
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mjǫk (adv.): very, much
trúir ‘trusts’
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2. trúa (verb): to believe (in)
ræsir ‘The lord’
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ræsir (noun m.): ruler
rekka ‘the warriors’’
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rekkr (noun m.; °; -ar): man, champion
raun ‘experience’
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raun (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): ordeal, proof, experience
gjǫf ‘a gift’
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gjǫf (noun f.): gift
launa ‘rewards’
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3. laun (noun n.; °-; -): rewards
[6] launa: so all others, ‘l[…]vna’ R
ráð ‘power’
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ráð (noun n.; °-s; -): advice, plan, control, power
á ‘has’
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2. eiga (verb; °á/eigr (præs. pl. 3. pers. eigu/eiga); átti, áttu; átt): own, have
lofðungr ‘the ruler’
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lofðungr (noun m.; °; -ar): king, leader
lýða ‘over the people’
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lýðr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -; -ir): one of the people
notes
[8] lengr (comp. adv.) ‘longer’: Meaning that he will rule the people for the foreseeable future (see Konráð Gíslason 1895-7 and SnE 2007, 130). Lengi ‘long’ (Tˣ) is unmetrical.
vex ‘gains’
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vaxa (verb): grow, increase
notes
[8] hverr vex af gengi ‘each gains from his following’: That is, a ruler’s power and reputation will increase according to the loyalty of his men. Cf. the similar proverb in Anon Mhkv 12/7: hverr mætti gǫfgask af gengi ‘each man could gain stature from the company he keeps’.
hverr ‘each’
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2. hverr (pron.): who, whom, each, every
notes
[8] hverr vex af gengi ‘each gains from his following’: That is, a ruler’s power and reputation will increase according to the loyalty of his men. Cf. the similar proverb in Anon Mhkv 12/7: hverr mætti gǫfgask af gengi ‘each man could gain stature from the company he keeps’.
af ‘from’
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af (prep.): from
notes
[8] hverr vex af gengi ‘each gains from his following’: That is, a ruler’s power and reputation will increase according to the loyalty of his men. Cf. the similar proverb in Anon Mhkv 12/7: hverr mætti gǫfgask af gengi ‘each man could gain stature from the company he keeps’.
gengi ‘his following’
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gengi (noun n.): support, following
notes
[8] hverr vex af gengi ‘each gains from his following’: That is, a ruler’s power and reputation will increase according to the loyalty of his men. Cf. the similar proverb in Anon Mhkv 12/7: hverr mætti gǫfgask af gengi ‘each man could gain stature from the company he keeps’.
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
|
Fúss brýtr fylkir eisu |
The eager leader breaks fire of the fen [GOLD]; the hand moves according to custom; the plunder-punisher [JUST RULER] gives amber of the Rhine <river> [GOLD]; people ask about princes. The lord trusts the warriors’ experience very much; a gift looks for rewards; the ruler has power over the people longer; each gains from his following.
Snorri calls this variant orðskviðu háttr ‘proverb’s form’. Positions 2-6 in each even line contain an independent clause with a proverb or a gnomic statement.
The headings are xix ‘the nineteenth’ (Tˣ) and orðskviðu háttr (U(47r)). As with st. 13, this syntactic pattern occurs quite often in dróttkvætt stanzas, but it is never systematised as in the present stanza, and proverbs are not common.
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