Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.) 2017, ‘Anonymous Lausavísur, Stanzas from the Fourth Grammatical Treatise 12’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 585.
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vatn (noun n.; °-s; -*): water, lake
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kalla (verb): call
[1] kalla mig ‘I call myself’: So translated here in view of the sense of the prose commentary, even though one would expect köllumz for ‘I call myself’. Two other interpretations of l. 1 are also possible, ‘they call me water’ and ‘call me water’; cf. FoGT 1884, 254 n. 1. Compare a very similar enumeration of the qualities of a poet and a troll-woman, respectively, in Bragi Troll and Anon (SnE) 9, where the first lines begin Skald kalla mik ‘They call me poet’ and Troll kalla mik ‘They call me troll’.
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ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me
[1] kalla mig ‘I call myself’: So translated here in view of the sense of the prose commentary, even though one would expect köllumz for ‘I call myself’. Two other interpretations of l. 1 are also possible, ‘they call me water’ and ‘call me water’; cf. FoGT 1884, 254 n. 1. Compare a very similar enumeration of the qualities of a poet and a troll-woman, respectively, in Bragi Troll and Anon (SnE) 9, where the first lines begin Skald kalla mik ‘They call me poet’ and Troll kalla mik ‘They call me troll’.
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vilja (verb): want, intend
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ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me
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efla (verb; °-fld-/-að-(RómvUpph¹ 382²⁴)): strengthen
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þú (pron.; °gen. þín, dat. þér, acc. þik): you
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1. hodd (noun f.): gold, treasure < hoddveitir (noun m.)
[3] hodd‑: hodd‑ corrected from hold in scribal hand W
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veitir (noun m.): giver < hoddveitir (noun m.)
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framr (adj.; °compar. framari/fremri, superl. framastr/fremstr): outstanding, foremost
[3-4] frams grams hauðrfjörnis ‘of the outstanding king of the earth-helmet [SKY/HEAVEN > = God (= Christ)]’: Cf. Anon Líkn 19/6, 7, 8VII hreinn siklingr hauðrfjörnis ‘pure king of earth’s helmet [SKY/HEAVEN > = God (= Christ)]’.
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hauðr (noun n.): earth, ground < hauðrfjǫrnir (noun m.): [earth-helmet]
[3-4] frams grams hauðrfjörnis ‘of the outstanding king of the earth-helmet [SKY/HEAVEN > = God (= Christ)]’: Cf. Anon Líkn 19/6, 7, 8VII hreinn siklingr hauðrfjörnis ‘pure king of earth’s helmet [SKY/HEAVEN > = God (= Christ)]’.
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hauðr (noun n.): earth, ground < hauðrfjǫrnir (noun m.): [earth-helmet]
[3-4] frams grams hauðrfjörnis ‘of the outstanding king of the earth-helmet [SKY/HEAVEN > = God (= Christ)]’: Cf. Anon Líkn 19/6, 7, 8VII hreinn siklingr hauðrfjörnis ‘pure king of earth’s helmet [SKY/HEAVEN > = God (= Christ)]’.
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fjǫrnir (noun m.): helmet < hauðrfjǫrnir (noun m.): [earth-helmet]
[3-4] frams grams hauðrfjörnis ‘of the outstanding king of the earth-helmet [SKY/HEAVEN > = God (= Christ)]’: Cf. Anon Líkn 19/6, 7, 8VII hreinn siklingr hauðrfjörnis ‘pure king of earth’s helmet [SKY/HEAVEN > = God (= Christ)]’.
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fjǫrnir (noun m.): helmet < hauðrfjǫrnir (noun m.): [earth-helmet]
[3-4] frams grams hauðrfjörnis ‘of the outstanding king of the earth-helmet [SKY/HEAVEN > = God (= Christ)]’: Cf. Anon Líkn 19/6, 7, 8VII hreinn siklingr hauðrfjörnis ‘pure king of earth’s helmet [SKY/HEAVEN > = God (= Christ)]’.
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1. gramr (noun m.): ruler
[3-4] frams grams hauðrfjörnis ‘of the outstanding king of the earth-helmet [SKY/HEAVEN > = God (= Christ)]’: Cf. Anon Líkn 19/6, 7, 8VII hreinn siklingr hauðrfjörnis ‘pure king of earth’s helmet [SKY/HEAVEN > = God (= Christ)]’.
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ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me
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2. hreinsa (verb): cleanse, purify
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allr (adj.): all
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ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me
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verma (verb): [warm]
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kaldr (adj.; °compar. -ari): cold
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ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me
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2. birta (verb; °-rt-): reveal
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sjón (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): eyes, sight
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ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me
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bœta (verb; °-tt-): better, emend, compensate
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2. tjón (noun n.; °-s; -): loss
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
Stanza 12 illustrates the second kind of prosopopoeia, when something lifeless addresses something living. After the stanza the following explanation is given: her er sagt at ǫlmvsv giǫfín kalli sik vatn kristz, ok telr vpp dygðer sinar, eggiandi manninn til milldinnar, þviat sva sem vatnit slǫkver likamlegan elld, slikt hið sama slokkver ǫlmosan synda brvna ok þvær ꜳ þꜳ̋ leið sꜳ̋l, sem vatnit bv́kinn ‘here it is said that Alms-giving calls herself the water of Christ, and enumerates her virtues, urging the man to mercy, because, just as the water quenches bodily fire, in the same way alms quenches the fire of sins and washes the soul in that [same] way as the water [does] the body’.
The metre of this stanza is a variety of runhent ‘end-rhymed’, with tetrasyllabic lines (fornyrðislag Type E) rhyming in pairs.
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