Þul Manna 3III
Elena Gurevich (ed.) 2017, ‘Anonymous Þulur, Manna heiti 3’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 778.
Ǫld ‘Men’
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ǫld (noun f.; °; aldir): people, age
ok ‘and’
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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
[1] ok ærir: om. Tˣ, ‘ok e᷎r[…]’ B, ‘ok e᷎rir’ 744ˣ
ærir ‘messengers’
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1. árr (noun m.; °dat. ár; ǽrir/árar, acc. áru): messenger
[1] ok ærir: om. Tˣ, ‘ok e᷎r[…]’ B, ‘ok e᷎rir’ 744ˣ
afarmenni ‘overpowering ones’
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afarmenni (noun n.): [proud man]
[2] afarmenni: ‘afar […]’ B, ‘afarmenne’ 744ˣ
liðar ‘troopers’
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liði (noun m.; °-a; -ar): companion
lofðar ‘praised ones’
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lofði (noun m.; °; -ar): man
notes
[3] lofðar ‘praised ones’: A poetic term (pl.) for ‘men, heroes’ (cf. Skm, SnE 1998, I, 105: Lofðar heita ok menn í skáldskap ‘In poetry, men are also called lofðar’). The word is related to Lofði (from lof n. ‘praise’), the name of a mythical king, a son of Hálfdan gamli ‘the Old’ in Skm (SnE 1998, I, 103). Cf. Þjóð Yt 21/11I and lofðungr ‘prince, noble man’ in Þul Konunga 2/5.
lýðr ‘people’
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lýðr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -; -ir): one of the people
sagnir ‘crews’
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sǫgn (noun f.; °sagnar; sagnir): narrative, message; troop, men
[4] sagnir: sǫgnir Tˣ
ljóðr ‘community’
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2. ljóðr (noun m.): = lýðr, people
oflátar ‘show-offs’
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ofláti (noun m.): [show-off]
[5] oflátar: so Tˣ, C, A, aflátar R, ‘ofla[…]’ B, ‘oflat . .’ 744ˣ
notes
[6] ljónar ‘arbitrators’: In Skm (SnE 1998, I, 106), the word is explained as ‘arbitrators’: Ljónar heita þeir menn er ganga um sættir manna ‘Those men who bring about settlement of people’s disputes are called ljónar’. The heiti is frequently used in poetry in the general sense ‘men’. The etymology of the word is obscure. Bugge (1885, 218) derives it from *ljóðnar (from ljóðr m. ‘people’). For other suggested etymologies, see AEW: ljónar.
ferðir ‘expeditions’
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ferð (noun f.; °-ar; -ir/-arMork 196¹²)): host, journey
notes
[6] ferðir ‘expeditions’: Ferð f. sg. and ferðir pl. are very common in poetry with the sense ‘troop(s)’.
mildingr ‘munificent one’
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mildingr (noun m.; °-s): ruler, generous one
[7] mildingr: mildingr ok C, A, ‘[…]lldinngr’ B, ‘milldinngr’ 744ˣ
notes
[7] mildingr, mæringr ‘munificent one, illustrious one’: Here the compiler for the first time turns from the pl. forms and terms with collective meaning to heiti for ‘man’ proper. Skj B (and Skald) emends mildingr to snillingr ‘valiant one’ against all ms. witnesses. Both heiti are listed in the same order in Skm (SnE 1998, I, 106: mildingr, mæringr), however, and they are given in close proximity in Þul Konunga 2/3, 4 (mæringr, hilmir, mildingr) as well. For snillingr, see st. 1/7.
mæringr ‘illustrious one’
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mæringr (noun m.): famous one
notes
[7] mildingr, mæringr ‘munificent one, illustrious one’: Here the compiler for the first time turns from the pl. forms and terms with collective meaning to heiti for ‘man’ proper. Skj B (and Skald) emends mildingr to snillingr ‘valiant one’ against all ms. witnesses. Both heiti are listed in the same order in Skm (SnE 1998, I, 106: mildingr, mæringr), however, and they are given in close proximity in Þul Konunga 2/3, 4 (mæringr, hilmir, mildingr) as well. For snillingr, see st. 1/7.
mannbaldr ‘prince of men’
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mannbaldr (noun m.): outstanding man
notes
[8] mannbaldr ‘prince of men’: For this word (‘a true hero’), see Note to SnSt Ht 36/6.
spekingr ‘sage’
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spekingr (noun m.; °-s; -ar): wise man
[8] spekingr: ‘[…] k[…]gr’ B, ok spekingr 744ˣ
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All the terms listed in this stanza are also found in the corresponding catalogue of manna heiti in Skm (SnE 1998, I, 105-7).
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