Gamlkan Has 60VII
Katrina Attwood (ed.) 2007, ‘Gamli kanóki, Harmsól 60’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 126-7.
Vættik ‘I hope’
(not checked:)
vætta (verb): expect
oss ‘for us [for myself]’
(not checked:)
vér (pron.; °gen. vár, dat./acc. oss): we, us, our
með ‘with’
(not checked:)
með (prep.): with
ótta ‘fear’
(not checked:)
ótti (noun m.; °-a): fear
al ‘altogether’
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al- ((prefix)): very < alskírr (adj.): altogether brilliant
skírt ‘brilliant’
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2. skírr (adj.): pure, bright < alskírr (adj.): altogether brilliant
himins ‘of heaven’s’
(not checked:)
himinn (noun m.; °himins, dat. himni; himnar): heaven, sky
kennings
ins hæsta hildings himins birti,‘of the highest prince of heaven’s brightness, ’
= God
heaven’s brightness, → SUN
the highest prince of the SUN → God
himins ‘of heaven’s’
(not checked:)
himinn (noun m.; °himins, dat. himni; himnar): heaven, sky
kennings
ins hæsta hildings himins birti,‘of the highest prince of heaven’s brightness, ’
= God
heaven’s brightness, → SUN
the highest prince of the SUN → God
birti ‘brightness’
(not checked:)
birti (noun f.; °-): brightness
kennings
ins hæsta hildings himins birti,‘of the highest prince of heaven’s brightness, ’
= God
heaven’s brightness, → SUN
the highest prince of the SUN → God
birti ‘brightness’
(not checked:)
birti (noun f.; °-): brightness
kennings
ins hæsta hildings himins birti,‘of the highest prince of heaven’s brightness, ’
= God
heaven’s brightness, → SUN
the highest prince of the SUN → God
hǫfuð ‘chief’
(not checked:)
hǫfuð (noun n.; °-s; -): head < hǫfuðmusteri (noun n.)
musteri ‘temple’
(not checked:)
musteri (noun n.; °-s; -): church, temple < hǫfuðmusteri (noun n.)
ins ‘of the’
(not checked:)
2. inn (art.): the
[3] ins hæsta: ‘e[...]hęs[...]’ B, ‘e(ns) hęsta’(?) 399a‑bˣ
kennings
ins hæsta hildings himins birti,‘of the highest prince of heaven’s brightness, ’
= God
heaven’s brightness, → SUN
the highest prince of the SUN → God
hæsta ‘highest’
(not checked:)
hœgri (adj. comp.): higher, highest
[3] ins hæsta: ‘e[...]hęs[...]’ B, ‘e(ns) hęsta’(?) 399a‑bˣ
kennings
ins hæsta hildings himins birti,‘of the highest prince of heaven’s brightness, ’
= God
heaven’s brightness, → SUN
the highest prince of the SUN → God
hildings ‘prince’
(not checked:)
hildingr (noun m.; °; -ar): king, ruler
[4] hildings: ‘h[...]’ B, ‘h(illdings)’(?) 399a‑bˣ
kennings
ins hæsta hildings himins birti,‘of the highest prince of heaven’s brightness, ’
= God
heaven’s brightness, → SUN
the highest prince of the SUN → God
notes
[4] hildings ‘prince’s’: Although the 399a-bˣ copyist is not certain of the reading, the reconstruction here is confirmed by aðalhending with mildi.
af ‘from’
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af (prep.): from
þér ‘you’
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þú (pron.; °gen. þín, dat. þér, acc. þik): you
mildi ‘for mercy’
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mildi (noun f.): generosity, mercy
hauðrs ‘of the land’
(not checked:)
hauðr (noun n.): earth, ground
kennings
grams hauðrs glyggs.‘of the prince of the land of the wind.’
= God
the land of the wind. → SKY/HEAVEN
the prince of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
notes
[5-8] kastali grams hauðrs glyggs ‘fortress of the prince of the land of the wind’: Cf. Mdr 1/7, where Mary is praised as God’s hæstr hǫfuðkastali ‘highest chief fortress’. It is possible that the Mdr poet consciously imitated the two appellations for Mary used in this st. Gamli’s use of kenning-types that compare the Virgin Mary to a building, especially a sacred or royal one, the receptacle for Christ’s incarnation, is among the earliest in skaldic verse and is based on Old Testament typology (templum Domini ‘the temple of the Lord’, solium Salomonis ‘the throne of Solomon’), whereby Solomon’s temple is a type or allegorical figure of the Virgin and she in turn is a type of the Church (Schottmann 1973, 47-51, 76).
hauðrs ‘of the land’
(not checked:)
hauðr (noun n.): earth, ground
kennings
grams hauðrs glyggs.‘of the prince of the land of the wind.’
= God
the land of the wind. → SKY/HEAVEN
the prince of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
notes
[5-8] kastali grams hauðrs glyggs ‘fortress of the prince of the land of the wind’: Cf. Mdr 1/7, where Mary is praised as God’s hæstr hǫfuðkastali ‘highest chief fortress’. It is possible that the Mdr poet consciously imitated the two appellations for Mary used in this st. Gamli’s use of kenning-types that compare the Virgin Mary to a building, especially a sacred or royal one, the receptacle for Christ’s incarnation, is among the earliest in skaldic verse and is based on Old Testament typology (templum Domini ‘the temple of the Lord’, solium Salomonis ‘the throne of Solomon’), whereby Solomon’s temple is a type or allegorical figure of the Virgin and she in turn is a type of the Church (Schottmann 1973, 47-51, 76).
þvít ‘because’
(not checked:)
þvít (conj.): because, since
hugga ‘comfort’
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hugga (verb): comfort
fríðir ‘fine’
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fríðr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): beautiful, fair
hug ‘mind’
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hugr (noun m.): mind, thought, courage
minn ‘my’
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minn (pron.; °f. mín, n. mitt): my
siðir ‘virtues’
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siðr (noun m.; °-ar, dat. -/-i; -ir, acc. -u): faith, morals
þínir ‘your’
(not checked:)
þinn (pron.; °f. þín, n. þitt): your
grams ‘of the prince’
(not checked:)
1. gramr (noun m.): ruler
kennings
grams hauðrs glyggs.‘of the prince of the land of the wind.’
= God
the land of the wind. → SKY/HEAVEN
the prince of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
notes
[5-8] kastali grams hauðrs glyggs ‘fortress of the prince of the land of the wind’: Cf. Mdr 1/7, where Mary is praised as God’s hæstr hǫfuðkastali ‘highest chief fortress’. It is possible that the Mdr poet consciously imitated the two appellations for Mary used in this st. Gamli’s use of kenning-types that compare the Virgin Mary to a building, especially a sacred or royal one, the receptacle for Christ’s incarnation, is among the earliest in skaldic verse and is based on Old Testament typology (templum Domini ‘the temple of the Lord’, solium Salomonis ‘the throne of Solomon’), whereby Solomon’s temple is a type or allegorical figure of the Virgin and she in turn is a type of the Church (Schottmann 1973, 47-51, 76).
kastali ‘fortress’
(not checked:)
kastali (noun m.; °-a; -ar): castle
notes
[5-8] kastali grams hauðrs glyggs ‘fortress of the prince of the land of the wind’: Cf. Mdr 1/7, where Mary is praised as God’s hæstr hǫfuðkastali ‘highest chief fortress’. It is possible that the Mdr poet consciously imitated the two appellations for Mary used in this st. Gamli’s use of kenning-types that compare the Virgin Mary to a building, especially a sacred or royal one, the receptacle for Christ’s incarnation, is among the earliest in skaldic verse and is based on Old Testament typology (templum Domini ‘the temple of the Lord’, solium Salomonis ‘the throne of Solomon’), whereby Solomon’s temple is a type or allegorical figure of the Virgin and she in turn is a type of the Church (Schottmann 1973, 47-51, 76).
inn ‘’
(not checked:)
2. inn (art.): the
glæsti ‘splendid’
(not checked:)
2. glær (adj.): splendid
glyggs ‘of the wind’
(not checked:)
glygg (noun n.; °-s; -): storm
[8] glyggs: so 399a‑bˣ, ‘[...]yggs’ B
kennings
grams hauðrs glyggs.‘of the prince of the land of the wind.’
= God
the land of the wind. → SKY/HEAVEN
the prince of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
notes
[5-8] kastali grams hauðrs glyggs ‘fortress of the prince of the land of the wind’: Cf. Mdr 1/7, where Mary is praised as God’s hæstr hǫfuðkastali ‘highest chief fortress’. It is possible that the Mdr poet consciously imitated the two appellations for Mary used in this st. Gamli’s use of kenning-types that compare the Virgin Mary to a building, especially a sacred or royal one, the receptacle for Christ’s incarnation, is among the earliest in skaldic verse and is based on Old Testament typology (templum Domini ‘the temple of the Lord’, solium Salomonis ‘the throne of Solomon’), whereby Solomon’s temple is a type or allegorical figure of the Virgin and she in turn is a type of the Church (Schottmann 1973, 47-51, 76).
glyggs ‘of the wind’
(not checked:)
glygg (noun n.; °-s; -): storm
[8] glyggs: so 399a‑bˣ, ‘[...]yggs’ B
kennings
grams hauðrs glyggs.‘of the prince of the land of the wind.’
= God
the land of the wind. → SKY/HEAVEN
the prince of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
notes
[5-8] kastali grams hauðrs glyggs ‘fortress of the prince of the land of the wind’: Cf. Mdr 1/7, where Mary is praised as God’s hæstr hǫfuðkastali ‘highest chief fortress’. It is possible that the Mdr poet consciously imitated the two appellations for Mary used in this st. Gamli’s use of kenning-types that compare the Virgin Mary to a building, especially a sacred or royal one, the receptacle for Christ’s incarnation, is among the earliest in skaldic verse and is based on Old Testament typology (templum Domini ‘the temple of the Lord’, solium Salomonis ‘the throne of Solomon’), whereby Solomon’s temple is a type or allegorical figure of the Virgin and she in turn is a type of the Church (Schottmann 1973, 47-51, 76).
en ‘but’
(not checked:)
2. en (conj.): but, and
várt ‘our [my]’
(not checked:)
várr (pron.; °f. ór/vár; pl. órir/várir): our
líf ‘way of life’
(not checked:)
líf (noun n.; °-s; -): life
hryggvir ‘distresses’
(not checked:)
hryggja (verb): distress
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
|
Vættik oss með ótta, |
I hope for us [for myself] with fear for mercy from you, altogether brilliant chief temple of the highest prince of heaven’s brightness [SUN > = God (= Christ)], because your fine virtues comfort my mind, but our [my] way of life distresses [it], splendid fortress of the prince of the land of the wind [SKY/HEAVEN > = God (= Christ)].
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